CIRCULAR ECONOMY - arburg.com · Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy CIRCULAR ECONOMY...

Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy

CIRCULAR ECONOMY

ZUKUNFTSWEISENDE POLYMERWERKSTOFFEPIONEERING POLYMER MATERIALS

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Josef Endres

© Leibniz Universität Hannover, IKK, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Josef EndresSeite 2 | 03 / 2020

Hans-Josef EndresBorn on 17th of April 1966, married, 2 daughters (25 and 20)

Educational background: Dipl.-Ing. graduate of the Ruhr University Bochum, 1985, mechanical engineering, strong focus on material research PhD (Dr.-Ing.) received from University of Bochum, 1995

Professional experience and activities:9 years of employment with industrial companies including a position as departmental director at Thyssen-Krupp, overseeing a staff of 230Professor at Hannover University of Applied Sciences & Arts, since 1999Director of the IfBB - Institute for Bioplastics and Biocomposites, 2011Head of Application Center for Wood Fiber and Composite Research, Fraunhofer Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut WKI, 20122019 Professor at the Leibniz University of HanoverDirector of the IKK – Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy

Source: China Hopson


Main Research

Material Development(plastics and bioplastics)

Plastics Processing

Recycling

MaterialTesting

PolymerAnalysis

SustainabilityAssessment

Institute ofPlastics and Circular Economy


New Campus for Mechanical Engineering

- Located in Hanover Garbsen- 20 Institutes- About 1.000 employees- About 5.000 students


Plastics as amazing and sustainable Materials

_

WeightCosts

VW Golf 1 VW Golf 6

Source: VW, Peter Helmke


Plastics as amazing and sustainable Materials??


End-of-Life of plastics?

Polymerproduction Processing Use End-of-LifeRaw material

production

?+++?


78

52

70

4946

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

93 Aug 95 Aug 97 Sep 03 Aug 06 Jun 08 Mai 10 Sep 12 Juli 14 Juli 16 Nov 18 Dez

Entscheider breite Bevölkerung Junge GebildeteN=801 Broad Population, N=352 Young eduacated, N=355 Decision makers (in total 1.508)

Source: PlasticsEurope Germany 2019

Positive assessments in %

Broad Population Young eduacatedDecision makers

Assessment of the plastics industry


What does Sustainability mean?

Sustainability

EcologicalEcological Sustainability

Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainable Materials

Functional Integration

Circular Economy

Compostability

Recycling


Bioplastics


Bioplastics

Non degradable

Petro-based

Bio-Degradable

Bio-based

Bio-degradable

1. Cellulose AcetatesRubber, Casein…

4.Polylactide,

Starch blends,Cellulose Hydrates,

Polyhydroxyalkanoate

2.Polyethylene

PolypropylenePolyvinylchloride

…

3.PolycaprolactonePolyvinyl alcoholPolyester (PBAT,

PBS,..)…

5.Bio-PA, Bio-PE

Bio-PET, PTT,…

Bio-degradable and bio-basedBio-based

Source: H.-J. Endres, A. Siebert-Raths;Engineering Biopolymers, Carl Hanser-Verlag, 2011


Quelle: Currie, Lloyd A., modifiziert

• Carbon exists in form of 3 different isotopes: 12C, 13C (stabile) and 14C (radioactive)

• Half-Life time of 14C „only“ 5730 years

• Due to a continuous regeneration of 14C in atmosphere the 14C quota is nearly constant

• Photosynthesis similar relationship of C-isotopes in plants

• Bio-based Polymers similar relationshipof C-isotopes in biopolymers

• Petrochemical raw materials and plastics contain no „young“ 14C, they consist out of „old” 12C

How to measure Biobased


Certification of biobased Contect(C14 Measurements, ASTM 6866)

Vincotte

DIN CERTCO


CO2 + H2O + CH4

H2O Hydrolysis and

enzymatic degradation

Microorganism Metabolic degradation

O2

Primary Degradation Ultimate Degradation

CO2 + H2O + CH4

Primary and ultimate degradation

Biodegradability

Oligomers andMonomers

Source: H.-J. Endres et al., Engineering Biopolymers, Carl Hanser, modified


Source: H.-J. Endres, , unpublished

DegradationScenarios

Landfill

IndustrialComposting

Metabolizationin organism

Anaerobic digestion

Domesticcomposting

Ocean

ClarificationPlant

Decompositionin soil

River/LakeBeach

Degradation Scenarios of Bioplastics


Bioplastics

Old Economy New Economy

Rubber

Regenerated Cellulose

Cellulose Acetates

Linoleum

Novel Drop-Ins

PLAPHAPBSPBAT

Starch Blendsetc.

Bio-PETBio-PEBio-PA

Bio-PURBio-PP

etc.

Source: H.-J. Endres, unpublished

Old and New Economy Bioplastics

often biodegradable durabledurable


Recyclates


Mechanical or physo-chem. Rec.

Chemical Recycling

Aerobic / Anaerobic digestion

Re-Use

Processing End-of-LifeUse Rawmaterial

production

Polymer production

End of Life Options for Circular Economy

Sour

ce: S

pier

ling

et a

l. 20

18


Machinery Manufacturers

Recyclers

MaterialSuppliers

Consumers

Waste CollectionSystems

Brand Owners

Converters

Circular Economy Players

Designer

CircularEconomy


CircularEconomy

Waste Separation by

Consumer

Waste Collection,Waste Logistic

Development of Recycling Processes

Advanced Recycling Machines

Extension of Characterization

of Recyclates

Design for Recyclates

Internationalization of Terminology and

Definitions

Design for Recycling

Circular Thinking within the entire Value Added Chain

Supply chains for Recyclates


What do we need? - Design for Recycling

Design for Recycling

Maximization ofProcessing and

Utilization Performance

(Product-)Design for Recyclates


IKK – Semi-industrial Recycling Facilities

INTAREMA 1108 TVEplus

KraussMaffei Berstorff ZE28 x 37D BPT + ZE28 x 56D BPTKraussMaffei 160/750 CX DICMKraussMaffei IMC 650/4300 CXSpritzgusswerkzeuge

Analytics

ARBURG 920 S 2 K, ARBURG 470 A(2K-Wkzg, Freeformer 300-3X)


Closing the Loops

Source: European Bioplastics, modified


Bioplastics - End of Life Options?


Source: H.-J. Endres, A. Siebert, A.-S. KitzlerBiopolymers – a discussion on end of life optionsBioplastics Magazine 01/08

Biopolymer product

Landfill

IndustrialComposting

Metabolizationin organism

Anaerobicdigestion

(Bio-methane)

Carbon-NeutralIncineration

Chemical Recycling

Domesticcomposting

Marinedegradation

Litter

Decompositionin soil

Mechanical Recyling

End of Life Options


H.-J. Endres, A. Siebert-Raths, Engineering Biopolymers, Carl Hanser Verlag 2011

Waste treatment


- Gravimetrische Analysen zum Kunststoffabbau werden durch Aufwüchse auf den Proben stark verfälscht

- Beispiel:

- Mittels CT können Proben zerstörungsfrei in 3D dargestellt werden- Dies ermöglicht es, den Aufwuchs aus der Analyse auszuschließen und

ausschließlich die volumetrische Abnahme des Kunststoffes zu erfassen

CT-Messmethodik zum marinen Abbau von Kunststoffen

Aufwuchs

CT-Aufnahme


Transformation to biogas

Source: A.S. Kitzler, H.-J. Endres, M. Nelles, Fachtagung „Biokunststoffe in Verwertung und Recycling“, Dresden, 03. - 04. Dezember 2012


Calorific values of different (bio)plastics

Source: H.-J. Endres, A. Siebert-Raths, Engineering Biopolymers, Carl Hanser Verlag 2011


Sustainability


Source: IfBB / PE INTERNATIONAL 2014

Tendencies of LCA Impact Categories of Bioplastics

© Leibniz Universität Hannover, IKK, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Josef Endres32 | Deparment of sustainability assessment | 02.03.2020|

Impact categories

Sour

ce: E

U 2

019

© Leibniz Universität Hannover, IKK, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Josef Endres33 | Deparment of sustainability assessment | 02.03.2020|

Impact categories

Sour

ce: E

U 2

019


How can sustainability be measured?

+ +

Social

Social Life Cycle Assessment

Economic

Life Cycle Economics

Life Cycle Assessment

Environmental

LifeCycleSustainabilityAssessment

LCA SLCA LCELCSA =

Sour

ce: B

iNa

2018


How can sustainability be measured?

Sour

ce: B

iNa

2018


Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Sour

ce: U

nite

d N

atio

ns20

20


Contact

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Josef Endres

Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH)Institut für Kunststoff- und KreislauftechnikFakultät für MaschinenbauAn der Universität 230823 GarbsenTel.: +49 511 762 13302Fax: +49 511 762 18206Mobil: +49 170 [email protected]

https://www.ikk.uni-hannover.de/

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.ikk.uni-hannover.de/

CIRCULAR ECONOMY - arburg.com · Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy CIRCULAR ECONOMY...

Documents

Transcript of CIRCULAR ECONOMY - arburg.com · Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy CIRCULAR ECONOMY...