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development through partnershipcidb

Sustainable Buildings:Media, Public Perceptions and the CIB

Rodney Milfordcidb, South Africa

CIB; President 2004/07


SB04/05


Towards Progress

Advocacy

BusinessCase

Legislation


National Strategies


An ‘Epidemic’ of Strategies

• strategies not country-led• competition, ‘policy inflation’ and ‘capacity

collapse’• not integrated into a country’s mainstream

decision-making systems• few links between policy and on-the-ground

realities• little more than wish lists, lacking clear priorities

or achievable targets• very narrow base of participation

iied 2002


Green Cross

• Following Rio ….. for the first time in history, the world community managed to map out and agree on a strategic plan designed to address the twin problems of poverty and ecological disruption

• However, serious obstacles emerged as implementation moved forward

• By and large, the governments of the industrialized countries chose to retract their commitments ….

Mikhail GorbachevCommonDreams.org

April 2004

r

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Current Status

• “The fact is that climate change is (now) high on the agenda of politicians and those responsible for drawing up regulation ….

• Proposed regulation comes from the increasingly accepted scientific point of departure ….

• This science is now increasingly aligned to popular opinion ….”

Engineering NewsOctober 2007


Leadership Challenge of Climate Change

• “I am extremely encouraged by the fact that climate change was so directly and constructively discussed at the highest level for the first time in history

• This event has taken us into a new era• Today I heard a clear call from world leaders for a

breakthrough on climate change in Bali• And I now believe we have a major political

commitment to achieving that”

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon

September 2007


Objective

• Re-examine impact of advocacy on legislation• How sustainable is the current status• Way forward:

– the CIB and scientific community


From Green to Climate Change


Civil Society; Advocacy


Civil Society; Advocacy

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Popular Media


WWW


Climate Change; Severe Storms


Climate Change; Energy & CO2


Climate Change; Global Warming


Kyoto Protocol (1997)

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Critics

“I'm interested in good policy.Kyoto, I thought, was bad policy”

President George Bush


Australia

• Prime Minister John Howard has announced during the election leaders' debate that if the Coalition is re-elected it would set up a climate change fund:– priorities would be to invest in clean

energy technology– support households who are most

affected by the higher prices after a carbon price is set

– lobby George W Bush to do more on climate change

ABC TV


From Advocacy to Science Based Advocacy


Stern Review (October 2006)

• The Chancellor of the Exchequer (UK), Gordon Brownasked Sir Nicholas Stern to lead a major review of the economics of climate change, to understand more comprehensively the nature of the economic challenges and how they can be met, in the UK and globally– former chief economist of the

World Bank


Stern Review

• 1% of global gross domestic product (GDP) per annum is required to be invested in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change

• Failure to do so could risk global GDP being up to 20% lower than it otherwise might be


Stern Review

• Reacting to the Stern report, Van Schalkwyk said: – “The Stern Review is a clarion call to all world leaders,

…… to acknowledge that the overwhelming scientific and economic evidence requires urgent action

– We have reached a point in the debate where the scientific and economic case is so persuasive that failure to act is both negligent and irresponsible

– I trust the Stern Report will also contribute to the groundswell of pressure on those governments and corporations that still keep our common global future hostage

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IPCC

• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1988):– World Meteorological Organization (WMO)– United Nations Environment Programme

(UNEP)

• Fourth Assessment Report (2007):– "conclusive evidence of climate change”


IPCC


Al Gore


• “By awarding the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 to the IPCC and Al Gore, the Norwegian Nobel Committee is seeking to contribute to a sharper focus on the processes and decisions that appear to be necessary to protect the world’s future climate, and thereby to reduce the threat to the security of mankind

• Action is necessary now, before climate change moves beyond man’s control”

Oslo, 12 October 2007


Views of Actions Necessary to Address Climate Change

BBC; July 2007

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Average

USA

UK

Australia

Canada

France

Spain

Major steps Modest steps DK/NA Not necessary


Views of Actions Necessary to Address Climate Change

BBC; July 2007

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Average

India

Russia

Indonesia

China

Philippines

Brazil

Major steps Modest steps DK/NA Not necessary

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From Climate Change to Green Buildings


IPCC, UNEP, etc

• IPCC Fourth Assessment Report:– the building sector has the largest

potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions


Energy Use per Sector (USA)

Residential21%

Commercial17%

Industrial33%

Transportation28%


Impact on Climate Change; Office Buildings

After UNEP 2007 (Junnila 2004)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Demolition

Maintenance

Other Service

Heating Service

Electrical Service

Construction

Building Materials


Buildings Contribution to Total Emissions

WBCSD; 2007

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Overall

India

France

Japan

USA

Germany

Spain

Brazil

China


Policy Instruments

• Regulatory instruments and control instruments, such as building codes and appliance standards, were both most effective and normally also most cost-effective

Advocacy

BusinessCase

Legislation

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US Green Building Council

• Executive Order D-16-00:– …. to site, design, deconstruct,

construct, renovate, operate, and maintain state buildings that are models of energy, water, and materials efficiency; while providing healthy, productive and comfortable indoor environments and long-term benefits to Californians

State of California, August 2000


USA

• Major initiatives taking place at city level:– Coalition of US Mayors committing their cities

to green building practices• Various States promoting green building

initiatives, led by California:– To date, 11 federal agencies, 17 states and 53

municipalities require buildings to meet either local green standards or those set by the USGBC;

• USGBC LEED• NAHB / International Code Council (ICC) /ANSI

National Green Building Standard Committee– Washington is the first major U.S. city to

require LEED compliance for private projects


Cost Premium for Certified Green Building

WBCSD; 2007

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Overall

India

France

Japan

USA

Germany

Spain

Brazil

China


UK

• Code for Sustainable Homes (based on EcoHomes):– Mandatory by April 2008– Six levels of performance, and progress will be reviewed

at the design stage and final certification will be carried out upon completion of construction

– Includes a framework for tightening building regulations up to 2016 when the government will require that all new homes be zero carbon


Kyoto II

• UNEP SBCI Round Table (Sept 2007):– “we need to go with an advocacy

agenda to Bali”– “capitalise on excellent political

momentum”


From Green Buildings to CIB

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Towards Progress

Advocacy

BusinessCase

Legislation


Current Status

• “Advocacy” is a key driver of behavior:– increasingly based on scientific and

economic evidence– opinion in key sectors is divided– “we need to go with an advocacy

agenda (to Bali)”• Climate change is high on the

agenda of many politicians and many of those responsible for drawing up regulation:– recognition of the role of buildings

needs to be intensified– “capitalise on excellent political

momentum”


Current Status

• “Advocacy” is a key driver of behavior:– increasingly based on scientific and

economic evidence– opinion in key sectors is divided– “we need to go with an advocacy

agenda (to Bali)”• Climate change is high on the

agenda of many politicians and many of those responsible for drawing up regulation:– recognition of the role of buildings

needs to be intensified– “capitalise on excellent political

momentum”


Role Players

• IPCC• UNEP SBCI• WBCSD• ICLEI• Marrakech Task Force• ….

• CIB• iiSBE• FIDIC• WGBC• …..


Role Players




Role Players



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CIB

• Priority Theme:– Agenda 21 / Agenda 21 SD DC

• IPCC, SBCI, ….– individual and CIB level

• Working Groups:– TG66; Energy and the Built Environment– TG69; Green Buildings and the Law– TG70; Sustainable Design of Tall Buildings– W084; Building Comfortable Environments for

All– W108; Climate Change and the Built

Environment– ….

• SB04/05, SB07/08• …..


S&T Infrastructure; Way Forward

• “Capitalise on excellent political momentum”• From S&T based “advocacy” to S&T based

policy, legislation and regulation;– Continue to strengthen S&T based evidence– Continue to strengthen participation in forums– Continue to monitor, report and comment on the status

of sustainable buildings worldwide• From S&T based policy, legislation and regulation

to S&T based solutions:– Assessment systems– Guides, codes, standards– …..


Thank You

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