Chronic ozone exposure changes global transpiration and ...
Transcript of Chronic ozone exposure changes global transpiration and ...
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Chronic ozone exposure changes plant physiology: implications for climate
Danica Lombardozzi NCAR, Cornell University Jed Sparks Cornell University
Gordon Bonan NCAR Sam Levis NCAR
Peter Hess Cornell University
Visible O3 damage on tulip poplar leaf
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CO2
Stomatal Conductance
Carbon Fixation
Photosynthesis
Leaf Cross-section
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CO2
Stomatal Conductance
Carbon Fixation
Photosynthesis
Leaf Cross-section
H2O
Transpiration
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Stomatal Conductance
Carbon Fixation
Photosynthesis
Leaf Cross-section
Transpiration
O3
* Bortier et al. 2000, New Phtyol; Francini et al. 2007, Environ Exp Bot; Fiscus et al. 1997, J. Exp Bot; Heagle et al. 1996 J. Environ Qual; Noormets et al. 2001, Plant Cell Environ; Sharma et al. 2003, Ekologia
*
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Stomatal Conductance
Carbon Fixation
Photosynthesis
Leaf Cross-section
Transpiration
O3
* Bortier et al. 2000, New Phtyol; Francini et al. 2007, Environ Exp Bot; Fiscus et al. 1997, J. Exp Bot; Heagle et al. 1996 J. Environ Qual; Noormets et al. 2001, Plant Cell Environ; Sharma et al. 2003, Ekologia
*
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Low sensitivity to O3
High sensitivity to O3
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Low sensitivity to O3
High sensitivity to O3
CO2 CO2 CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
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Time
Chan
ge d
ue to
O3 (
%)
* Lombardozzi et al., submitted BGS
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Time
Chan
ge d
ue to
O3 (
%)
* Lombardozzi et al., submitted BGS
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* Developed by NCAR and used in IPCC reports
Physiological Model Independently modify
photosynthesis & conductance
Community Land Model (CLM)* Ecosystem & Global Scale Responses
Empirical Data O3 damage to photosynthesis & conductance
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[O3] (ppb)
Cumulative O3 Uptake (mmol O3 m-2)
Lombardozzi et al., in prep for J. Climate
Results: Community Land Model (CLM)
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Change in GPP due to O3 (%)
Change in transpiration due to O3 (%)
Lombardozzi et al., in prep for J. Climate
Results: Community Land Model (CLM)
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Lombardozzi et al., in prep for J. Climate
Results: Community Land Model (CLM)
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Results: Comparison between CLM and FLUXNET
CLM-O3 FLUXNET
CLM
(g C m-2 s-1)
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Key Points & Future Work:
Visible O3 damage on tulip poplar leaf
• O3 decreases global GPP more than transpiration
• O3 changes hydrology
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Key Points & Future Work:
Visible O3 damage on tulip poplar leaf
• O3 decreases global GPP more than transpiration
• O3 changes hydrology
How does O3 change precipitation? How does O3 change surface temperatures? Are the effects of O3 changed by increased [CO2], temperatures or plant nitrogen availability?
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Acknowledgements Collaborators
Other Contributors
Keith Oleson
Funding Sources: NSF DDIG #1010892; National Center for Atmospheric Research Advanced Studies Program; NSF EaSM awarded to Dr. Gordon Bonan
Peter Hess Jed Sparks Gordon Bonan Sam Levis
Sparks Lab Natalie Mahowald Christy Goodale
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Change in latent heat flux due to O3 (%)
Change in sensible heat flux due to O3 (%)
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Mean photosynthetic change = -18% *
Mean conductance change = -16%
* Similar to Wittig et al. 2007, Plant Cell Environ; Feng et al. 2008 GCB; Morgan et al. 2003, Plant Cell Environ Lombardozzi et al. (2013). Submitted to BGS
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Lombardozzi et al. (2013). Submitted to BGS
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Photosynthesis (no O3)
O3-modified Photosynthesis
Stomatal conductance (no O3)
O3-modified stomatal conductance (indirect)
O3-modified stomatal conductance (direct)
“Independent” Method
Community Land Model (CLM)*
* Developed by NCAR and used in IPCC reports
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Time
Chan
ge d
ue to
O3 (
%)
* Lombardozzi et al., submitted BGS