‘CHRISTIANS AND JEWS - DOCUMENTARY FACTS’ / 2010 (PPT)

8/9/2019 CHRISTIANS AND JEWS - DOCUMENTARY FACTS / 2010 (PPT)

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LMQ Hd{{bjoCtod 09 mlonboh mlhd fbm mlor3

God Mg{lbk% god Kfpb{xblo% god Mt{ebm

QL[BED MD[LPG LOJFDE

KFPB[XBLO[ LOH FD@PDZ[

HGKTMDOXLPR ALKX[


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AGPDZGPH


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K/BQ/


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AGPDZGPH

Xfb{ hgktmdoxlxbgo b{ l {dx ga d{{lr{ l`gtx alkx{ kgokdpoboj Cthdg - Kfpb{xblobxr xflx zd

flqd hgktmdoxdh loh kgmmdoxdh/ Xfdr lpd3


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4/ YGYD CGFO VVBBB" YLYL @TGOG zl{ hgktmdoxdh bo 09


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[GKBLE ELZ[ GA MG[D[

Hgktmdoxlpr D{{lr ' 09


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Lokbdox elz{% zfbkf pdjtelxdh ypgydpxr loh {gkble `dflqbgpdqgeqd{ go l xbmd boxdpqle ga l`gtx xdo xfgt{loh rdlp{/ Dlkf gaxfdm flqd l ygbox mgpd gp ed{{ ct{x% mgpd gp ed{{ alqgplèd xgxfd pteboj kel{{ ga xflx kbqbebslxbgo/ Lee lyyebklèd elz{hb{xbojtb{f `dxzddo {elqd{ loh apdd ydgyed lyyebdh/

Dvkdyx *Elz ga Mg{d{* zfbkf dvyebkbxer hdobd{ {elqdpr bo*Hdtxdpgogmr*3 "Pdmdm`dp xflx rgt zdpd l {elqd bo Djryx lohhdebqdpdh rgt xg xfd Egph rgtp Jgh/"

L{ god yg{{bèd {kfdmd &ogo dvflt{xbqd B mdoxbgo {gmdd{{doxble mgmdox{ ga Lokbdox [gkble Kghd{ ga Elz3

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Fdpmd{ Xpb{mdjb{xt{-


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Lokbdox Djryx- ;


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[gkble Elz{ ga Mg{d{VBQ-VBBB @KD

:Mg{d{% lkfbdqboj% bo 89 rdlp{ ga kgoabodmdox ga Cdz{ bo xfd hd{dpx% l YDGYED agp l @DEBDA/

Xfd`lo Xfdgegjr zbee boaetdokd% r hdygpxlxbgo ga ypbd{x{ bo @l`rego &L{ftp`lobyle% 112-10:

@KD% Jpddn Xfdgegjr loh bohbpdkxer xfd Pgmlo Xfdgegjr/ Yrxfljgpl{% bobxblxdh bo Xfd`lo

Xfdgegjr zbee boqgeqd% `r pdqbxlebsboj xfd ktex ga Hdeyfb &Jpddkd loh fb{ {kfgge bo Kpgxgo B{eloh

&Bxler {ddh{ ga xfd agtp *kdoxtpbd{ ga jgeh* ga Jpddn kbqbebslxbgo/

Yrplmbhle Gpjlobslxbgo ga Djryxblo {gkbdxr Kghdv ga elz{% zfbkf zbee bo{ybpd loh Mg{d{ bo

xfd Fd`pdz xpb`d{ gpjlobslxbgo gokd edax Djryx/

Djryx Xfdgegjr daadkx% `r xfd dvyte{bgo ga ypbd{x{ bo @l`rego &L{ftp`lobyle% 112-10: @KD%

Jpddn xfdgegjr Pgmlo xfdgegjr bohbpdkxer/ Yrxfljgpl{% bobxblxdh bo Djryx zbee% `r pdqbqboj xfd

ktex ga Hdeyfb &Jpddkd loh fb{ [kfgge bo B{eloh Kpgxgod &Bxler {ddh{ ga xfd "jgehdo agtp kdoxtpr

" ga Jpddn ktextpd/

? Yrplmbh gpjlobslxbgo ga Djryxblo {gkbdxr*{ kghbabklxbgo ga elz{% zgteh bo{ybpd Mg{d{ {gkble

gpjlobslxbgo ga Cdz{ xpb`d{/ Slmgevd% fb{ doqgr bo Xfplkd zbee edlh Hlkbk pbxtle/

B `djbo `r pdmbohboj l adz |tgxd{ apgm *Hdtxdpgogmr*/ Xfdpd b{ Kgmmloh{ &pted{ ga kgohtkx

xflx jgqdpo xfd pdelxbgo{ ga *xfd Ydgyed ga Jgh* ga B{plde/ Ydpkdyxbgo xflx% zbxf xfd Jg{yde ga Cd{t{

loh Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ ga xfd abp{x Lyg{xed{% xfdr ltxgmlxbkleer xplo{jpd{{ bo Kfpb{xblo @b ed - xfd

xdvx ga xfd *Geh Xd{xlmdox*/ Xfdr lpd xfd agtohlxbgo agp zflx zgteh elxdp `d kleedh *[gkble Elz{

ga Mg{d{*/ Bx b{ kedlp xflx xfd{d lpd xfd abp{x elz{ zfbkf {xpd{{ xfd hbjobxr loh qletd ga ftmlo ebad/Mtphdp b{ l kpbmd ogx goer xg mlo `tx xg Jgh/


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ALKD AGP XFG[D ZFG XLND @PB@D

Kflyxdp


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FDEYBOJ XFG[D BO ODDH &XFD GPYFLO% XFD ZBHGZ% XFD [XPLOJDP

Kflyxdp 08 Ylpljplyf


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*AGPJBQDOD[[* BO XFD [DQDOXF RDLP/ *&


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AGPJBQDOD[[ BO XFD [DQDOXF RDLP/ &0

Kflyxdp


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Xfb{ yfdogmdogo zl{ ylpxer kgtoxdpdh `r xfd dmdpjdokd ga ljpbktextple {dxxedmdox{ xryd Nb``txs%

Mg{flq% laxdp


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T[TPR LOH EDOHBOJ

Kflyxdp 0; Ylpljplyf


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Kgmmdox3 Xfdpd lpd {g kedlper dvyg{dh xflx B hg ogx xfbon B flqd lorxfboj xg lhh/

Ogxd xg Kly/08 ' 13 xflx pdelxd{ hbpdkxer xg xfd pd{gtpkd ogx xg xlnd {gmdgod xfdpd &xlndxfd yedhjd bx{dea zgteh mdlo xflx {gmdgod*{ ebad/ Todmyegrmdox% dvkd{{bqd xlvlxbgo% `lon

boxdpd{x dvkd{{bqd% yggp apdd fdlexf klpd% lpd {gmd dvlmyed{ ga hbpdkx hdypbqlxbgo ga xfd pbjfx

xg ebad/

YLRMDOX GA ZGPNDP[

Kflyxdp 08 Ylpljplyf


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[ELQD[

Kflyxdp 0; Ylpljplyf


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JPDDH

Kflyxdp


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Ltxfgp Ogxd{3Xfd{d xplhbxbgo{ zdpd bo yplkxbkd bo Mg{lbk D{{doblo{ Kgmmtobxbd{/

Pl``b Cgolxflo [lkn{ &Kfbda Pl``b ga xfd @pbxb{f Kgmdozdlex g`{dpqdh3 "Bo xbmd xfd ypbgpbxr zl{ebad kgmmtobxr% xfd olxbgo% xfd Dmybpd% Cdz{ zdpd ytx xg xfd agpd hbjobxr" ///

Pdjlphboj Dxfbk{% mg{lb{m zl{ xfd abp{x pdebjbgo xflx {xpd{{d{ xfd hbjobxr loh {lokxbxr ga ftmlo ebad/Agp xfd abp{x xbmd% xfd bohbqbhtle klo ogx `d {lkpbabkdh agp {tpqbqle ga l kgmmtobxr zbxfgtx bxqgetoxlpber l{{tmd xfb{ mgqd/ Xg nbee l ydp{go

b{ ogx goer l kpbmd ljlbo{x l mlo% `tx l {bo ljlbo{x Jgh/

*Xgplf* pdadp{ xg xfd kpdlxbgo ga mlo `r {lrboj "Jgh kpdlxdh mlo l{ Fb{ gzo bmljd% xg dmyfl{bsdxflx dqdpr ftmlo b{ hbqbod jdpm/ Ba dlkf ydp{go fl{ xfd {ylpn ga Jgh bo fbm% lorgod {fgteh `d xpdlxdh

zbxf pd{ydkx loh hbjobxr/

*Xlemth* xdee{ t{ xflx Jgh kpdlxdh xfd abp{x mlo xg xdlkf t{ xflx3 zfg {lqd{ l mlo {lqd l zgpeh% zfghd{xpgr{ l ebad hd{xpgr l zgpeh, Lkkgphboj xg xfd Xlemth kgokdyx{ bo Fd`pdz% xfd bohbqbhtle b{ l

mbkpgkg{m ga xfd zgpeh/ Xfd bohbqbhtle% bo Fd`pdz elz b{ bmygpxlox bo bx{dea% mlobad{xdh bo l qlpbdxr ga

{bxtlxbgo{/

Agp dvlmyed% lo boogkdox mlo klo odqdp `d {lkpbabkdh xg {lqd {gmdgod de{d gp l jpgty ga ydgyed/ Baxfdpd lpd mgpd ydgyed bo xfd {bxtlxbgo `dxzddo ebad loh hdlxf loh zd klo goer {lqd god% agp dvlmyed lo

dlpxf|tlnd gp l {fbyzpdkn% zfg {lqd l ydp{go% loh gxfdp{ mlr hbd% fd flqd ogx hbpdkxer klt{dh xfdbp

hdlxf{ `tx fd ateabee xfd kgmmloh3 fd {lqdh l mbkpg tobqdp{d/ Ba rgt hg {g% loh Jgh jbqd{ t{ mgpdygzdp zd {lqd ydpfly{ dqdo l ftmlo `dboj/// ogx xfd otm`dp ga kgtox{ bo xflx xbmd `tx rgtp

boqgeqdmdox% tohdp xfd kgmmloh{ ga Jgh/

Logxfdp dvlmyed b{ xfd l`gpxbgo b{{td% Flelnl loh Mb{fol lkkdyxdh xflx goer ba xfd mgxfdp ebqd{xfdpd hbpdkxer lmdol adxt{/ Zd {dd fdpd Kgmmloh {xlxdh l`gqd bo pd{ydkx ga zgph{ |tgxdh Pl``b

Cgolxflo [lkn{/ Dxfbk{ Jgh {dox t{% xfpgtjf xfd ypgyfdx{ b{ xfd Jggh Zgpn{/

*Ftmlo Pbjfx{* zdpd mgpd gp ed{{ dvyebkbxer {xlxdh bo xfd yg{x-adthle {xlxd kgo{xbxtxbgo{/ Xfd el{xhgktmdox xflx B mdoxbgo b{ xfd "Hdkelplxbgo ga Ftmlo Pbjfx{ bo [lo Aplokb{kg" &Hdkdm`dp


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FD@PDZ KFPB[XBLO[ ABJFX @DJBOBOJ[

AGP XFD JG[YDE GA CD[T[

L`gtx///

Bx b{ l xdvx xflx ypd{dox{ alkx{ flyydodh xzg xfgt{loh rdlp{ ljg/ Bo rdlp 4% `gbeboj `dxzddo

Cthdl pdqgex ljlbo{x Pgmlo gkktylox% {yebx `dxzddo pdkbybdox{ loh gtxkl{x{ ga agpxtod% xfd

mgple hdjplhlxbgo loh md{blob{m/ Lmgoj bo{bhdp{ plb{d{ l Fd`pdz ypgyfdx3 Cd{t{ ga

Olslpdxf/ Fd xdlkf% `r ktpboj% mbplked{ ga Jgh*{ egqd agp lee ydgyed% bo xfd {ybpbx ga D{{dod{

kgmmtobxbd{3 zgpn% ebad loh albxf xgjdxfdp/ Xfboj{ yplkxbkdh `r xfd lokbdox Fd`pdz ydgyed%

`tx tonogzo xg gxfdp olxbgo{/ Bx zl{ xfd Fd`pdz lyg{xed{ xg edlh gtp dqlojdeb{m lmgoj

Cdz{% xg xplo{jpd{{bgo Xfd Xdo Kgmmlohmdox{% Xgplf loh xfd Elz{ ga Mg{d{ bo lhlyxdh

agpm{% lkkd{{b`ed ktextple edqde ga xfd odz ogo Cdz{ ageegzdp{/

Bo l ftohpdh rdlp{% xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ Kgmmtobxbd{ klmd l{ md{{blobk pged% xfd {xljd

ga fb{xgpr% `tx xfd mb{{bgo ateabeedh/ Zfdo Mg{d{ `tbex L YDGYED AGP L ALBXF% Lyg{xed{{

fl{ jdodplxdh L ALBXF AGP LEE XFD YDGYED[/


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BOXPGHTKXBGO - FB[XGPR LOH EDJDOH

L xfpdd - xfd Jg{yde% kleedh *Etnd zbxf *Lkx{ ga xfd Lyg{xed{*% zdpd gpbjboleer god `ggn%

pdadpdokd hgktmdox go xfd gpbjbo{ ga Kfpb{xblobxr/ Bo xfd rdlp{ lpgtoh


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Lmgtox ndr Etkloblo xdvx kgo{b{x{ ga xfd ltxfgp*{ bmmdhblxd ylpxbkbylxbgo bo xfdelxxdp ylpx ga xfd Mb{{bgolpr lyg{xgebk Fd`pdz-Kfpb{xblo{/ Xfd lyg{xed Etnd b{l abod

loler{x% l`ed xg bhdoxbar xfd {bjobabklokd ga ndr mgmdox{ ga xfd ypbmlpr dvylo{bgo ga

Kfpb{xblobxr/

Bo xfd *Lkx{ ga Lygxpd{* xfdpd b{ l pbkf klpjg boagpmlxbgo {fgzboj xfd hlber ebad loh

ypg`edm{ ga elpjd kgmmtobxbd{ ga Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ bo xfd Mbhhed Dl{x loh bo xfd

Mdhbxdpplodlo pdjbgo/ L`gtx Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ apgm Cdpt{ledm% lpd bohbpdkx pdygpx{ go

xfd lkxbqbxbd{ Lyg{xed Ydxdp &y/2/;0/ -


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Cdzb{f Kgmmtobxbd{ ga Bthddl/ Bo xfb{ abp{x ydpbgh ga xzdoxr-abqd rdlp{ lpd pdkdbqboj lmgoj

xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ Kgmmtobxbd{ mdm`dp{ ga gxfdp olxbgo{3 L [BJO GA DVYLO[BGO

GA MGPLE KGOKDYX[ MG[LBK @R PDEBJBGT[ DQLOJDEB[M LKXBGO GA

FD@PDZ KFPB[XBLO[/

Kdoxdp ga jplqbxr ga xfd {xgpr xdvx b{ l`gtx Ylteblo Mb{{bgolpr/ Gqdplee xfd zgpn b{ lapd{kg ga xfdmd{ loh lpjtmdox{ ga abp{x Kfpb{xblo lyypglkf/ Bx le{g lhhpd{{3 xg Cdz{ `rmg{lbk kgmmdox{ ga {lkpdh xdvx{% xg Jpddn{ `r yfbeg{gyfbkle pdaedkxbgo{ ga Fdeedob{xbk

olxtpd/ Agp lee% lyg{xgebk lyypglkf dqgnd{ xfd d{{dokd ga xfd Kfpb{xblo mr{xdpr3 l kptkbabdh

Md{{blf% zbxod{{ fb{ pd{tppdkxbgo loh xfd klee xg kgoqdp{bgo `r Kfpb{xblo @lyxb{m loh xfd

Dtkflpb{x mr{xdpr/ Xfd xdvx zl{ lxxlkndh xflx lo lygegjr ga xfd Ylteblo Mb{{bgolpr/ Xfd

alkx b{ xflx Etnd yelr{ hbpdkx xd{xbmgor l`gtx pdebjbgt{ kgoaebkx `dxzddo Mg{lbk Cdz{ loh

xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo pbxd{> `plokfd{ ga xfd {lmd mgogxfdb{x pdebjbgo{/

Xfd ltxfgp pdelxd{ xfd lyg{xed Ylte mbebxlokr% md{{ljd{ lhhpd{{dh xg bx{ mg{lbk kg-

pdebjbgob{x{ loh xg *yljlo{*% Pgmlo nobjfx{% Pgmlo ct{xbkd loh xg xfd Pgmlo Dmydpgp

&Kdslp/ Etnd mlhd l xd{xbmgor% l{ l zbxod{{ loh ylpxbkbylox bo xg {dxty xfdm/

Ndr bhdl{ bo xfd Etkloblo xdvx kgteh `d3Xfd Albxf bo Pdqbqle ga Cd{t{ loh fb{ |tlebxr ga *[go ga Jgh*/Xfd mlbo lpjtmdox{ ga xfd lyg{xed{ ljlbo{x mg{lbk Pl``b% xflx hdobdh Cd{t{ l{ Md{{blf%xfd flp`bojdp ga xfd ypgyfdx{/

Xfd Mb{{bgolpr Lkx{ ga Lyg{xed{ `r alkx{% {dpmgo{ loh ydp{gole dvlmyed% bo xfdkgoqdp{bgo{ xg Kfpb{xblobxr/

Ypbmlpr agpm{ ga Kfpb{xblo pbxtle yplkxbkd{/

B{{td ga lkkd{{ xg hbqbod agpjbqdod{{> d{{doxbleer kgmmgo ypg`edm bo lee hgjmlxbkle gad{gxdpbk pdebjbgo/

00

Etnd mlhd l xd{xbmgor% zpbxboj {gmd alkx{ apgm xfd `djbooboj ga Kfpb{xblobxr% l{ l 0;


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Etnd mlhd l xd{xbmgor% zpbxboj {gmd alkx{ apgm xfd `djbooboj ga Kfpb{xblobxr% l{ lzbxod{{ loh ylpxbkbylox bo xg {dxty xfdm/ Bo yelkd ga kgoket{bgo xg xfb{ boxpghtkxbgo% klo

jbqd xfd dvlmyed ga Pl``b [lte kgoqdp{bgo xg xfd Jg{yde ga Cd{t{% `dklmd Lyg{xed Ylte/ Bo

xfb{ {bojed hdkb{bgo ga l ftmlo hplml zd aboh xfd Cdz{ kgoqdpx xg gxfdp pdebjbgo{% el{xboj

xzg xfgt{loh rdlp{/ Xfd lyg{xed Clmd{ xfd rgtoj zbee kgoxbotd xg pd{ydkx xfd Mg{lbk Elz%

`tx xfdr ygbox xg Kgtokbe ga Cdpt{ledm xflx yljlo{ zbee {tyygpx xfd abole pd|td{x ga l

mbobmtm ga pd{xpbkxbgo{ go kgoqdpx{ xg Kfpb{xblob{m/ Mlpxrphgm ga [lbox [xdyfdo hdlkgo

zbee `pdln *tm`bebkle kgph* xflx b{ xbdh xg xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo bx{ Mg{lbk Cdz{ adeegz{/ Xfd

Kgtokbe ga Cdpt{ledm &86 rdlp% apgm gxfdp {gtpkd{ 49 KD zbee do{fpbod xfd ypbokbyed{ ga

*Hbqbod Agpjbqdod{{* jg{yde xfpgtjf albxf bo Cd{t{/ Zbee `pdln xfd fgeh kgoqdpxdh xg

Kfpb{xblobxr `r *ktx lpgtoh* pbxtle loh pd{ydkx *lh bo* l {dqdpd Mg{lbk Elz/ @tx xfb{ zl{

ogx xptd agp hdqgxdd{ Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ &xfdr ateer pd{ydkx xfd geh Mg{lbk elz{/ Xfd xg `d

tohdpebodh alkx b{ xfd mgmdox ga pby `dxzddo xfd xzg xzbj{ ga Fd`pdz Mgogxfdb{m3 xfd

Mg{lbk loh Kfpb{xblo/ L{ l hpbqd lzlr *`pgxfdp{ xg `pgxfdp{*/ Xfd Kfpb{xblo Fd`pdz

Lyg{xed{ zbee kgoqdpx Kfpb{xblo{ lmgoj *ydgyed{ bhgelxpr*% l yfdogmdogo zfbkf zbee `d

kgoxbotdh laxdp abp{x kdoxtpr apgm ogo Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ legoj 0%999 rdlp{3 bo xfd Dtpg-

L{blo `gphdp{% xfdo xfd zfged zgpeh/ Bobxble hbqdpjdokd ga xfdgpr loh {gkble bo olxtpd%

`dxzddo Fd`pdz% kpfpb{xblo{ loh mg{lbk% zbee edlh xg ptyxtpd ga xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ lohxfd Mg{lbk Kgmmtobxr bo pdhtkboj xfd {flpd ga Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{/

Bo lyypgvbmlxder {dqdo ftohpdh rdlp{ zbee lyydlp B{elmbk mgogxfdb{m/ Lexfgtjf Cd{t{%

xfd ypgyfdx Mtflmmlh hbh pdjlphdh Mg{d{ l{ l ypdhdkd{{gp/ Xfd xfptd ageegzdp{ flqd

`tbex FLXD xg ypdqdox EGQD/ Zfr /// bo xptxf goer Jgh nogz{, Mlr`d pdebjbgt{

Dktmdob{m tobxr tohdp xfd {bjo ga l mgple `debda bo xfd dvb{xdokd ga *TOB\TD HBQBOD*

zbee jbqd jplkd bo xfd {gte ga xfg{d zfg lpd gtp {fdyfdph{% xg gqdpkgmd xfd mbpljd xflxhdebqdp lx l xbmd bo {dket{bgo XG FGEH XFD [DKTELP YGZDP/

0;

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KFLYXDP BYDOXLXFDTX

K/B/< XFD @DJBOOBOJ

Bo xfd Ypgegjtd ga *Lkx{ ga xfd Lyg{xed{* Lyg{xed Etnd b{ lhhpd{{dh xg l kgmplhd% Xdgabe &Cdz

bo xfd Lxxbk% {zbxkfdh xg Kfpb{xblobxr tohdp Ylte*{ kgohtkx {tmmlpbsboj bo l adz

ylpljplyf{ &Lkx{ y/


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Lx abaxr hlr{ laxdp Dl{xdp loh Yl{{bgo ga Cd{t{ Pd{tppdkxbgo l {xgpm ga ogb{d xflx 01


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Lx abaxr hlr{ laxdp Dl{xdp loh Yl{{bgo ga Cd{t{ Pd{tppdkxbgo% l {xgpm ga ogb{d xflx

{tppgtohdh xfd `tbehboj zfdpd xfdr zdpd/ [xplojd yfdogmdol xggn yelkd3 *{xpdlm{ ga abpd*

zfbkf b{ hgzo apgm xgy ga dlkf lyg{xed/ Hbqbod jplkd &bo alkx xfd [lbox [ybpbx @lyxb{m

kgmd/ Xfd daadkx zl{ g`{dpqdh go hlr{ xflx ageegzdh `r kbxr bofl`bxlox{/ Ogx {mlee bx zl{

{tpypb{boj zfdo dlkf ga xfdm fdlph xfd zgph{ ga xfd lyg{xed{3 *Pd{tppdkxbgo odz{ ga Cd{t{*

go fb{ xgojtd/ Bx b{ nogzo l{ xfd lyg{xed{ zdpd {bmyed ydgyed% ogx xplbodh lx {kfgge{ odlp xfd{roljgjtd/ Mgpd3 xfdr xlendh l`gtx Cd{t{ bo Delmbxd% Lpl`bk% Ylpx/ Ypdlkfdh xfd kgmboj ga

Md{gygxlmbl% Cthdl% Klylhgkfbl% Ygoxd Dtvbo% Eb`rl% Pgmd/ Xdmyed fbjfdp pd{ygo{d b{

xflx Ydxdp loh dedqdo gxfdp lyg{xed{% zl{ xfd pd{tex ga /// hpbon/ Bo xfd kpgzh jlxfdpdh bo xfd

kgtpxrlph ga xfd Xdmyed% pdklee{ xflx obod kgmboj xg ypdlkf mgpoboj/ Dbxfdp Cdz{

yplkxbkboj Mg{lbk Elz% lpd ypgfb`bxdh `dagpd l yplr xfb{ mgpoboj `dqdpljd{ ga lor nboh^


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Xfd abp{x {xdy{ ga Kfpb{xblobxr% xfd lyg{xed{ zdpd pdadppdh xg lo lokbdox d{gxdpbk kgokdyx3PD[TPPDKXBGO [GTE l{ l pd{tex ga bx{ yl{{ljd xfpgtjf l egoj ebod ga xdmygple

dvb{xdokd% toxbe god ga xfd xzg yg{{b`bebxbd{3 hd{xptkxbgo bo Flhd{&Fdee gp yl{{ljd bo l

fbjfdp yelo &kleedh xfd Nbojhgm ga Jgh% Germyt{% Fdlqdo% Obpqlol% dxk// L kgoxdmygplpr

fl{ l qljtd ydpkdyxbgo ga xfd dvb{xdokd ga xfb{ lokbdox mrxf/ Ypgyfx{ Fd`pdz ydgyed% lmgoj

xfdm Mg{d{% Hlqbh loh B{lblf% B nodz/ Fb{xgpr loh ypd{dokd ga xfb{ mrxf bo xfd d{gxdpbkxdvx{ ogz obod xfgt{loh rdlp{3 xfd qb{bgo ga Fdpmd{ Xpb{mdjb{xt{ &l`gtx zfg{d dvb{xdokd

zd xlen [fgtpd/ Fb{ ageegzdp{% ypbd{x{ ga xdmyed{ ga Mdmyfb{ &Djryx% loh elxdp Bohblo

Plml Npb{fol% {flpdh xfd bo{bhd go xfd el{x {xdy{ ga bobxblxbgo% mr{xdpr pd{tppdkxbgo {ybpbx

boxg logxfdp `bgegjbkle `ghr% xfpgtjfgtx xfd dvb{xdokd ga l otm`dp ga zfbkf hdjplhd FBJF

gp xgzlph{ ebad zbxfgtx hdlxf/ Yrxfljgpl rgt hb{keg{d dedtb{lo mrxf l`gtx jghhd{{ Y{rfd/

Fb{ hb{kbyed{% xggn fbm bo Jpddn kgegobd{/ God ga xfd hb{kbyed{% Slmgevd &xfd lokbdox Egph gaHlk Ydgyed% bo xfd QBB kdoxtpr `dagpd d/k/ fl{ jpgzo zbxf hdlxf {mbed go xfd eby{ ga xfg{d

nbeedh go xfd `lxxedabdeh% kgoabhdox bo xfd odvx ebad zbee `d pdzlphdh agp xfd kgtpljd loh

hbjobxr/ Mg{d{% zfg zl{ xfd abp{x [t`mbxxdh &Md{lblf ga xfd ydgyed ga Jgh zl{ l Cdz

bobxblxdh bo Xd`lo xdmyed{ &VBBB kdoxtpr `dagpd xfd Kfpb{xblo dpl/ Mg{d{ pdqdle

Pd{tppdkxbgo Mr{xdpr xg xfd Cdzb{f ydgyed go xfd zlr apgm Djryx xg xfd `lon{ ga Cgphlo/

Xfd pdl{go zl{ xg kpdlxd l ydgyed agp l pdebjbgo/ Agp Cdzb{f xpb`d{ xflx flqd `ddo kgohtkxdh

bo xfd zl{xd{ ga [bolb agpxr rdlp{ `dxzddo Obe Hdexl loh Dpbfgo &hb{xlokd xflx zgteh `d jgod

bo l adz mgoxf{/ Xfd lbm `dboj xflx xfd odz `gpo go xfb{ pglh xg `d dhtklxdh loh xplbodh

mgogxfdb{x pdebjbgoxg xpt{x bo GOD JGH - loh xfd odz {ybpbx ga mgple loh {gkble elz{ ga

Mg{d{% zfbkf bo xtpo tohdpebd xfd gpjlobslxbgo ga ftmlo kbqbebslxbgo agp odlper xfpdd

xfgt{loh rdlp{/ Ba xfbp{xr loh ftojpr Cdz{ flh kdpxlboer l ebad lfdlh zgteh `d {ydkbabkleer

zlbqdh bo yelkd lx xfd ypd{dox /// Laxdp Mg{d{ og Lfllpgo &Llpgo gp Bdfg{ftl &Cg{ftl

flqd ogx pdqdledh xfd d{gxdpbk pd{tppdkxbgo mr{xdpr @tx fd zl{ ydpkdbqdh `r {gmd ga xfd 06


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flqd ogx pdqdledh xfd d{gxdpbk pd{tppdkxbgo mr{xdpr/ @tx fd zl{ ydpkdbqdh `r {gmd ga xfd

pl``b &Yflpb{dd loh D{{dod{ htpboj xfd dvb{xdokd ga Cd{t{/

Jg{yde ga Cd{t{ zbee `d xfd abp{x xg hb{keg{d xfd mr{xdpr ga xfd gkktex l{ Pd{tppdkxbgomg{lbk ybeelp ga albxf/ Xfd ypgyfdx zl{ kptkbabdh `dklt{d xflx mdlo{ abole hdlxf ga {gte agp

bo{bhdp{ mg{lbk/ Pdlyydlplokd `dagpd fb{ hb{kbyed{ zl{ lo lknogzedhjmdox ga xfd mr{xdpr3

*Xfd hdlxf ga hdlxf xg {xdy go*/ Loh dvyelbo{ {tkf xdolkbxr loh qbpxtd zbxf zfbkf xfd abp{xFd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ Pd{tppdkxbgo abedh xd{xbmgor ga Cd{t{% mg{x gaxdo lx xfd kg{x ga ebad/

Lyg{xed Ydxdp bo fb{ abp{x edkxtpd{ &loh elxdp Ylte ndyx ypdlkfboj bo {roljgjtd{ loh bo fb{

edxxdp{ kelbmdh `dxzddo xfd tobxr loh xfd Jg{yde ga Cd{t{ loh xfd Geh Xd{xlmdox/ Bx zl{ lo

lxxdmyx xg ydp{tlhd ypbd{x{ xg lkkdyx xd{xbmgor pd{tppdkxbgo l{ ypgga ga |tlebxr agp Cd{t{ xg

`d Md{{blf/ Xfb{ zl{ jpddxdh zbxf boxgedplokd hb{jtb{dh xg t{ xghlr/ @tx *Egqd Hbqbod* loh

fgyd bo *Ebad Laxdp* zbee agpkd xfdm xg dvyloh `r ageegzdp{ ga *yljlo zgpeh* xfpgtjfgtx xfdfged mlonboh/

Bo xfg{d hbaabktex mgmdox{ loh xflx zl{ ogx xg `d l yg{{b`ed kgo{do{t{/ Cthdlo Nbojhgm%gkktybdh `r xfd Pgmlo{% hbqbhdh fb{ bo{bhd% zl{ ogx lo doqbpgomdox agp xfdgegjbkle *kgeh*

hd`lxd% zbxf xfd g`cdkxbqd ga abohboj ebod{ dmdpjboj `dxzddo Fd`pdz3 Mg{lbk bo{bhdp{ loh

Kfpb{xblo{% `dklt{d ga xfpdd mlcgp kgoaebkx{3

OLXBGOLE KGOAEBKX - Cdz ydgyed gyyg{dh xg l *{tbkbhle xdolkbxr* &Dmydpgp Lhpblo{xlxdmdox Pgmlo hgmbolxbgo `r apd|tdox pbgx{ edh `r sdlegx{/ Logxfdp ylpx ga xfd Fd`pdz

{gkbdxr% xfd pbkfd{x% aboh l mght{ qbqdohb zbxf xfd Pgmlo gkktylxbgo agpkd/ Xflx kpdlxd lo

boxdpole {yebx `dxzddo ageegzdp{ ga xfd xzg ylxfzlr{/ Lo dvlmyed b{ xfd fdlh ga fg{xbed% Cdz

Cg{dyf @do Mlxbxlft% zfg xltjfx xfd Pgmlo{ xfd olmd `dboj pdmgqdh apgm ydgyed*{

fb{xgpr &xfd bpgor b{ xflx bx `dkgmd{ god ga xfd fb{xgpblo{ kbxdh agp xfd Cdzb{f ebad loh

PgmloCdz zlp{ ga xflx ljd% xfdo tohdp Pgmlo Cfg{dat{ Aelqbt{/ Xfd Pgmlo{ hd{xpgrboj02


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fbm xfd gkktylxbgo ga Cdpt{ledm% Cdz{ hpbqboj lzlr apgm xfd kbxr> Pgmlo{ hd{xpgrboj

`tbehboj{% plpder eloh zbxf gvdo loh `tbeh l Pgmlo kbxr kleedh Ldebl Klybxgebol &kdoxtpr BB

k/d//

BOXDPOLE KGOAEBKX - Bx kgo{b{x{ bo xfd hdjplhlxbgo ga kbqbe {gkbdxr loh lxgmb{lxbgoFd`pdz kbqbe {gebhlpbxr `l{dh go zdlexf/ Xfd pd{tex zl{ l {dpbd{ ga pbgx{ ljlbo{x {t`mbxxboj

lo lhmbob{xplxbqd olxtpd xflx gqdpely xpb`txd xfd Pgmlo ltxfgpbxr/ Agp {bmyed mlo kgmbojga xfd Md{{blf% xfd boklpolxd Cd{t{% zl{ ogx goer dkfg xfd ypgyfdx{ Mg{d{% Hlqbh% gp B{lblf%

`tx l mdlo{ xg dvypd{{ pd`deebgo ga xfd ydgyed ljlbo{x kl{xd{ loh xpb`le lhmbob{xplxbqd Cthdl

loh Pgmlo ltxfgpbxbd{ loh `dlp mgodr/ Bx b{ lemg{x {tydpaetgt{ xg mdoxbgo xflx xfdo% l{

ogz% xfd{d kgoaebkx{ flqd edh xg boxdpole albetpd{ loh l elkn ga tobxr% klo `d t{dh `r xfd

Pgmlo{ xg mlboxlbo yg{{d{{bgo loh aboleer hd{xpgr Cthdlo {xlxd/

PDEBJBGT[ KGOAEBKX gybobgolxdh lx xflx xbmd zdpd xfpdd jpgty{ zbxf hbaadpdoxboxdpypdxlxbgo{ ga xfd xfdgegjbkle loh yplkxbkle l{ydkx{ ga xfd hgkxpbod ga pdebjbgt{ mg{lbk/

[lhtkdd{ &Xslhgnbm - {tpqbqboj kgo{dpqlxbqd `plokf ga Edqbxbkt{% Xgpd pd|tbpbojkgmyeblokd zbxf xfd edxxdp% zbxfgtx lor hdqblxbgo/ Xfdr kelbmdh Hgjml dvb{xdokd ga l {bojed

&{bojed ebad/ Ebad Cdz zl{ hpbqdo `r adlp ga `pdlnboj rgtp mbxsqgx &kgmmlohmdox{ {lkpdh%

xfd ytob{fmdox ga Jgh/ Xfdr flh lx xflx xbmd kgoxpge [lofdhpbo &pdebjbgt{ hdkb{bgo-mlnboj

agptm ga xfd Jpdlx Xdmyed/ Lmgoj xfdm lpd xfd Klbyfl{ - Fbjf Ypbd{x bo xfd xbmd ga [lbox

Cgfo xfd `lyxb{dp loh xfdo Cd{t{/

Yflpb{dd{ &Ydpt{kfbm zdpd xfg{d zfg% bo lyypglkfboj xfd ypg`edm{ ga *Cdz bo xfd{xpddx*% Xgpd yplkxbkd xdlkfboj bo l {ybpbx ga aedvb`bebxr loh lhlyx xfdm xg yplkxbkle pdlebxr &

*Gple t{d Xgplf*/ Xfdr hg ogx hdor xfd Pd{tppdkxbgo/ [gmd ga xfdm {tkf l{ Pl``b

Obkghdmt{% Jlmlebde xfd Rgtoj% flqd dvypd{{dh bo [lofdhpbo xg aboh l kgmypgmb{d zbxf

xfd Kfpb{xblo {dkx ga Cdz{% `gxf `dagpd loh bmmdhblxder laxdp xfd nbeeboj ga Cd{t{/

D{{dod{ &Fl{bhbm zdpd xfd kgpd ga xfd d{gxdpbk `ghr ga Pl``bolxd Kgpyt{/ Xfdbp kdoxdp{;9


33/146

D{{dod{ &Fl{bhbm zdpd xfd kgpd ga xfd d{gxdpbk `ghr ga Pl``bolxd Kgpyt{/ Xfdbp kdoxdp{zdpd gydo bo Dbo Jfdhhb &Dbo Jdhb loh \tmplm odlp Hdlxf [dl loh Obe Hdexl/ Xfdbp

djlebxlpblo gpjlobslxbgo &ebad loh ypgydpxr bo kgmmgo% mtxtle `pgxfdp{ ga albxf zfdpdqdp

xfdr lpd% `looboj xfd yplkxbkd ga {ydktelxbqd lkxbqbxbd{% xplhd% mbebxlpr zbee `d xlndo gqdp `r

xfd abp{x Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxbd{ loh Kfpb{xblo elxdp mgol{xbk gphdp{% pdjlphed{{ ga pbxd/

Lmgoj xfdm zgteh `d xfg{d zfg flqd {tyygpxdh xfd mlxdpble loh egjb{xbk {tyygpx mb{{bgo{ypdlkfdh ga Cd{t{ &xfd l{{tmyxbgo b{ `l{dh go xfd g`{dpqlxbgo xflx xfd Jg{yde{ lpd ogx

mdoxbgodh mlor ga xfg{d zfg flqd `ddo fg{x{ ga xfd Lyg{xed{% zfbkf abx{ zbxf xfd xplhbxbgo

ga ypgxdkxboj ebon{ `dxzddo mdm`dp{ ga xfd D{{dod{ kgojpdjlxbgo/ Kelbmdh xflx xfdbp

hgkxpbod Pd{tppdkxbgo mrxf loh dvb{xdokd bo xbmd ga {dqdple {dox &Md{{blf/ Xfdr% bo qlpbgt{

mgmdox{ ga xfd *Zlp go xfd kfbehpdo ga ebjfx {go{ ga hlpnod{{* kgmd xg xfd * hbqbod zbee */

D{{dod{% [lhtkdd{% Yflpb{dd{ b{ kgo{xbxtxdh bo xfd yl{x kgtokbegp ga Cthddl Nboj{/Boxdpole kgoaebkx{ zdpd ogx zbydh gtx `r ogz ///

Boxdpole abjfxboj {tydpyg{d xg xfd abole B{plde [xlxd hb{boxdjplxbgo ga xfd rdlp


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Xfdr zdpd lemg{x xfpdd xfgt{loh {gte{ /Xfd abp{x Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxr bo Cdpt{ledm

lpb{d{/ Ageegzdp{ xg pd{ydkx xfd pbxtle Dtkflpb{xbk> jggh{ zdpd mlhd bo kgmmgo% ml{{ loh

yplrdp{ zdpd {flpdh% loh xplboboj xg Lyg{xgebk [kfgge/

Xfdr g`{dpqd xfd xplhbxbgo ga gpjlobsboj l xryd ga Fd`pdz D{{dod{ kgmmtobxr/ Egqd Jgh

loh adlp ogx% jggh odbjf`gp loh mlhd og mdpkr% cgr xg edlpo legoj{bhd gxfdp{ bo albxf loh

ogx pdqde xfd *dedkxdh* loh mlhd xfd abp{x Kfpb{xblo{ xg {dee xfdbp l{{dx{% `pbojboj bo odzmlxdpble jggh{ `r xfd Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ kgmmtobxr/ Xfdr kgoxbotdh xg g`{dpqd xplhbxbgo{%

fgebhlr{ loh pbxtle kgmmdmgplxboj Mg{lbk &ga xfdr ogx addeboj lylpx loh xg jg xg xfd

Jpdlx Xdmyed/

Xfd mbplktegt{ fdleboj% pdlebsdh `r xfd Lyg{xed{% xfdr pdboagpkdh xfd kgoabhdokd bo xfd zlr

kfg{do/ Agp dvlmyed fd pdkgqdpr bo l elmd zlr xg mgpoboj yplrdp{ bo xfd Xdmyed/ Bo god

hlr% zfdo Ydxdp loh Cgfo jg xg xfd Xdmyed mgpoboj yplrdp% l kpbyyed apgm `bpxf xfdr{xpdxkfdh floh xg pdkdbqd xfd hged/ Ydxdp loh xfd abvdh boxdo{bxr ga fb{ drd{ zfbed fd xgeh

Cgfo3 *Eggn Bx*{ T[,/ @dboj toflyyr loh fd plb{d{ fb{ fdlh go% lezlr{ floh {xpdxkfdh/

Ydxdp kgoxbotd{ xg qbdz zbxf boxdo{bxr zfdo fd {lr{3

*[beqdp loh Jgeh B flqd ogx% @TX ZFLX LM B jbqd rgt3 Bo xfd olmd ga Cd{t{ Kfpb{x ga

Olslpdxf JDX TY LOH JG, "&Lkx{ y/;/1/

Ydxdp fdeydh kpbyyed {xloh ty loh adde xflx xfdr lpd qbjgpgt{/ Jg xfpgtjf xfd Xdmyedkgtpxrlph xflon Jgh/ B {dd xfd albxfate ypd{dox kpbyyedh `djjboj jgboj go/

Xflx klt{dh `dzbehdpmdox lmgoj xfdr lpd xfdpd/ Ydxdp loh Cgfo jgboj xg xfd apgox jlxd

D{yelolhl [gegmgo loh lhhpd{{d{ kpgzh xfdpd/ Xfd pdkdox pdklee{ fgz mlor ga xfg{d keg{d

xg hdlxf xfdr l{ndh Cd{t{/ Fb{ Pd{tppdkxbgo xd{xbmgor b{ xflx elmd xflx pdkgqdpr xfpgtjf

albxf bo Cd{t{ loh xfd Lyg{xed{ boqgnboj fb{ olmd Xfd zgph{ ga Ydxdp loh Cgfo3

*Ydgyed ga B{plde% zfr lpd lmlsdh/ Zfr zd eggn ebnd zd flqd kgmmbxxdh xfb{ mbplked zbxf

gtp gzo agpkd{ gp `r xfd ygzdp ga gtp yplrdp/ Jgh ga L`plflm% ga B{llk loh Clkg`% xfd Jgh;0


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ga gtp alxfdp{ loh xfd fger jplkd hd{kdohdh% jegpbarboj fbm fb{ {dpqlox% Cd{t{ Kfpb{x% zfbkf

ebondh rgt loh pdodjlhd `dagpd Ybelxd> fbm zfdo fd zloxdh xg eb`dplxd fbm/ Loh rgt flqd

lkkt{dh xfd fger {dpqlox ga Jgh l{nboj agp ebad bo dvkflojd agp lo l{{l{{bo ^@lpl`l{]/ Zfbed

xg nbee xfd Ypbokd ga Ebad/ Jgh pd{tppdkxdh apgm xfd hdlh/ Loh xfpgtjf albxf bo Fb{ olmd%

xfb{ mlo zfg rgt nogz% xfd boqgklxbgo ga xfd olmd goer fl{ yelrdh god rgt {dd go atee

fdlexf/ &Lkx{ y/;/


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kgmmtobxr xfd xzdeqd lyg{xed{ lyygboxdh {dqdo hdlkgo{ ga xfd Cdz{ apgm xfd Fdeedob{xbk

{ylkd &hblngodbo - Lkx{ 1/


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K/B/0/ [LBOX [XDYFDO HDLKGO

Xfd Cdz{ apgm xfd Fdeedob{xbk {ylkd zdpd Fd`pdz apgm Cdzb{f {xpgoj kgmmtobxbd{ bo

Jpddn kbxbd{/ [gmd ga xfdm% {tkf l{ Pl``b [lte flh Pgmlo kbxbsdo{fby/ Bo xfdbp {roljgjtd{

zd pdlh loh g`{dpqd Xgplf Kgmmlohlmdox{ bo Jpddn/ Xfdr hdmlohdh xflx xfd Kfpb{xblo

Jg{yde xg `d ypdlkfdh bo Jpddn/ Zfdo xfd lyg{xed{ kfg{d {dqdo hdlkgo{ agp xfd yplkxbkd ga

pbxtle bo xfd Fd`pdz elojtljd {bmbelp xg gxfdp xdppbxgpbd{/Ogx goer bo lplmlbk l{ yplkxbkd boxfd {roljgjtd{/ Zdpd3 [xdyfdo% Yfbeby% Ypgfgp% Obklogp% Xbmgo% Ylpmdol{ loh Obkfgel{ ga

Loxbgkf/ [lbox [xdyfdo xfd hdlkgo ypgqd xfd mg{x bo{ybpdh ydgyed loh {ypdlh pdkgqdpboj

hddh{/ Xfdpdagpd dvxpdmd ydp{dktxbgo mg{lbk agkt{dh go fbm/ Abp{x xfdr xpbdh xg xg kgm`lx

fbm lx mddxboj{ loh xfdgegjbkle hd`lxd{ xflx xggn yelkd bo xfd Xdmyed% xfd [l``lxf^ xfdpd laxdp xfd hdlxf ga fb{

^


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alxfdp^


39/146

Fdpd% {ddboj fgz god b{ mb{xpdlxdh^


40/146

[gegmgo `tbex bx% `tx Jgh ebqd{ bo l fgt{boj mlhd mlo l{ xfd ypgyfdx {lr{3 Fdlqdo b{ mr

`ghr loh xfd dlpxf b{ lx mr addx% zflx fgt{d rgt `tbeh% zfbkf zbee `d xfd yelkd ga mr pd{x7

B{ ogx mr floh B hbh lee xfb{7 [gte{% fdlpx{ ogx ktx lpgtoh dlp{% rdx rgt lpd kgoxplpr xg xfd

Fger [ybpbx/ [g zdpd xfd rgtp ylpdox{% loh {g lpd rgt/ Zflx*{ rgtp ypgyfdx zl{ ogx

ydp{dktxdh `r rgtp ylpdox{7 Xfdr nbeedh xfg{d zfg ypdhbkx xfd kgmboj ga xfd elz% xflx rgt

flqd `dxplrdh loh mtphdpdh/ RGT% XFD YDGYED XFLX PDKDBQDH XFD ELZ% @RMB[XDPR GA LOJDE[% LOH RGT OGX TOHDP[XGGH BX/ &/// Fdpd B {dd xfd fdlqdo{

gydodh loh xfd [go ga Mlo {xlohboj lx Jgh*{ pbjfx */ &Lkx{ y/:/9


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fgz rgt fggn rgtp albxfate% fdlpx loh {gte pdmlbo bo to`debda/

Pl``b [lte zl{ xfd god zfg edh xfd ydp{dktxbgo ljlbo{x Kfpb{xblo{ ageegzdp{/ Bx zbee kgoqdpx

xg xfd Jg{yde ga Cd{t{ `dklmd xfd god zfg zbee xdlkf loh xplbo odz ageegzdp{ albxf bo xfd

Mbhhed Dl{x loh Mdhbxdpplodlo kgl{x/

Xfd alkx xflx xfd kptkbabvbgo ga Cd{t{ loh kgmylkx hdlkgo [lbox [xdyfdo zdpd xzg fgppb`ed

kpbmd klmd xg Pgmd/ Xb`dpbt{ Dmydpgp &


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KFLYXDP BB YDP[DKTXBGO @DXZDDO @PGXFDP[

K/BB/ dl{bdp gp

mgpd hbaabktex xg g`xlbo/ Kgmmgo {do{d% xflx ga [bmgo b{ xflx lorxfboj klo `d lkfbdqdh zbxf

mgodr/ [dkgoh {do{d% xflx ga Ydxdp loh Cgfo% b{ xflx Hbqbod Jplkd b{ g`xlbodh `r Albxf/ Xfd

xfpdd-kdoxtpr {do{d% xfd kgokdyx b{ xflx Jgh hgd{ ogx pd|tbpd xfd gaadpboj mlxdpble{ `tx

kgmyeblokd Hbqbod [ybpbx% xfd Xdo Kgmmlohmdox{% xfpgtjf albxf loh pdydoxlokd/ [lkpbabkdbo xfd Kfpb{xblo qb{bgo b{ xg pdmgqd dqbe apgm xfd {gte ga dqdpr `debdqdp/ Cd{t{ &ageegzdh `r

{dqdo ftohpdh rdlp{ laxdp Mtflmmlh% l{n Jgh odlp `r% loh XFD [GTE/ [bmgo Xfd

Mljbkblo {fgz{ xflx% `dboj bobxblxdh bo qlpbgt{ Mr{xdpr {ybpbx% zbxf bx{ gzo ygzdp{% xplboboj

loh boxdeebjdokd lpd ogx rdx hb{kdpoboj dogtjf xg tohdp{xloh xfd Kfpb{xblo d{gxdprl% xflx xg

`d l{{bmbelxdh `r fbm gzo {gte/

Gqdppbhd bo Cdpt{ledm% Fdedob{x Kfpb{xblo Cdz{% zlr xg xfd Jpddn kgegobd{ go xfdkgoxbodox loh xfd B{eloh{% xfd xdppbxgpr ga Yled{xbod loh [rpbl/ @dkgmd mb{{bgolpbd{ ga xfd

Jg{yde ga Cd{t{ loh bobxblxd xfd abp{x dvylo{bgo ga Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf/ Zfdpd b{ xfd lyg{xed

Yfbeby `lyxb{d l fbjf gaabkble ga \tddo Klohlkd3 Dxfbgyblo dtotkf/ [x/ Yfbeby zdox bo god

mgpoboj go xfd pglh xflx kgoodkx Jlsl xg Cdpt{ledm/ Lx oggo% fd klmd legoj{bhd l klplqlo

jebxxdpboj/ Bx zl{ edh `r xfd jpdlx nddydp ga xfd Dxfbgyblo \tddo Klohlkd/ Mgqboj xgzlph{

Cdpt{ledm/ Hbqbod bmyte{d edlh{ fbm xg l{n gaabkble{ xg xlnd zbxf fbm/ Go xfd zlr% fd {lr{

f D fb b h f b a B b f h f n f e b fb ` f

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xflx Dxfbgyblo pdlh ypgyfdkbd{ ga B{lblf loh fd l{n{ xfdm xg dvyelbo {gmdxfboj l`gtx xfd

Jg{yde ga Cd{t{% zfg fdlph xflx bx zgteh `d l *{dox*% loogtokdh `r xfd ypgyfdx B{lblf/

Yfbeby bx pdelxd{ xg xfd Mbplked{ ga Cd{t{ ktpboj mlhd l`gtx bx Pd{tppdkxbgo laxdp `dboj

kptkbabdh loh agpkd{ zbxf zfbkf fd loh dedqdo gxfdp lyg{xed{ zdpd jbqboj laxdp xfd Fger

[ybpbx xg hd{kdoh go xfdbp htpboj abaxr hlr{ laxdp Pd{tppdkxbgo% ga Ydoxdkg{x/ Bmypd{{dh

Djryxblo hbjobxlpr zlox{ xg `dkgmd l hdqgxdd ga Cd{t{/ Yfbeby fd pdlebsd{ xflx xfd mddxboj b{

ogx fdeh ty/ Go kpg{{boj xfd Cgphlo% fd `lyxb{d zbxf zlxdp% lexfgtjf fd nodz xflx xfd odz

dmted `degojdh xg l ydgyed *xg bhge zgp{fbydp/ Bmmdhblxder laxdp xfd kdpdmgor% Dxfbgyblo

aboh{ xflx mr{xdpbgt{ yl{{dojdp zl{ og egojdp `d{bhd fbm/ Bo zflx kgokdpo{ Yfbeby% {ddo bx

go xfd pglh edlhboj xg Lsgx/ Yfbeby zbee kgoxbotd fb{ Mb{{bgolpr zgpn bo [lmlpbl/ Bx b{

ageegzdh `r Ydxdp loh Cgfo% zfg zbee elr go t{ Cdz{ `lyxbsdh `r Yfbeby/ Mb{{bgolpr

hdqdegy{ Kd{lpddl% Ebhhl% Jblaal% Loxbgkf/ Klbyfl{ {doh mg{x flp{f Pl``b{ yfr{bkleer

hd{xpgr xfd{d ypgebabk Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxbd{/ Lmgoj bx{ Pl``b [lte% zfg kgoqdpxdh xg

Kfpb{xblobxr% loh laxdp l hgsdo rdlp{ laxdp xfd dyb{ghd go xfd Hlml{kt{ pglh% @lpol`l zbxf%

xlnd xfd pglh ga kgoqdpxboj Jpddn{ ga xfd kg{mgygebxlo mdxpgygeb{ ga Loxbgkf/ Fdpd b{ xfd

abp{x mdoxbgo ga olmd *Kfpb{xblot{* &^


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Kfpb{xblo Kftpkfd ga Cdpt{ledm/ Lyg{xed Ydxdp klee{ xfd md{{ljd - albxf bo xfd Jg{yde ga

Cd{t{ b{ lhhpd{{dh xg lee olxbgo{ &Lkx{


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klo `d hbpxr gp bmytpd/ [g B zl{ flph xg lo{zdp rgtp klee/ Ogz xdee md zfr rgt kleedh7

"&Lkx{ ktx lpgtoh gp ogx/ Xfdo {lr3

*Zd klo pdat{d `lyxb{m `r zlxdp go xfg{d zfg flqd pdkdbqdh `lyxb{m `r xfd Fger [ybpbx7

"&Lkx{ y/


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K/BB/0/ ZFG B[ JGH [ YDGYED

Kgpodebt{% Pgmlo kdoxtpbgo% zbxf almber% apbdoh{ loh boxbmlxd {elqd{ zdpd `lyxbsdh boxfd Kd{lpddl `r Ydxdp% l{ B pdygpxdh l`gqd/ @lyxb{m bo xfd olmd ga Jgh% agp {gmd ogx

kgmyer Mg{lbk pbxtle{% {ddmdh l {bjo ga hbqbod Fd`pdz% gxfdp{ {gmdxfboj {klohlegt{ loh

toxfbonl`ed> gtx{bhd Elz/ Zflx zbee flyydo loh3 xzg xfgt{loh rdlp{ xfd `debda xflx xfdr

lpd/ Xfd `bh zl{ lkxtleer logxfdp3 Zfg b{ Jgh*{ ydgyed7/ Xgtjf |td{xbgo% zfbkf klo ogxgoer hdebqdp l zgpnboj frygxfd{b{% xg `d xlndo boxg lkkgtox gp ogx/ Xg mgxbqlxd t{ `lkn xg

l`gtx ;999 rdlp{ ljg/ Mg{d{% xfd abp{x jpdlx ypgyfdx ga xfd albxf bo xfd {ybpbx ga Tobqdp{le

[bojed yelr bo *Jdod{b{* &*[dyfdp @dpd{fbx* xfd xzg kgokdyx{ xflx hdabod xfd ydgyed kfg{do/

Zfg lpd xfdr7*Jgh xgeh L`plflm3 Edx mr ypgmb{d nddyboj rgt loh rgtp {ddh laxdp rgt lee xflx b{ mled

`dxzddo ylpx B &/// zbee `d ktx lpgtoh * @GXF XFD [ELQD @GPO BO RGTP FGT[DLOH XFD [ELQD XFLX B[ YTPKFL[DH */

Zfdpd bx abp{x agpmdh7*Ydgyed rgtp almber kgtoxpr jbqd bx xfd pbqdp ga Djryx xg xfd pbqdp Dtaplx/

[g *Jgh*{ Ydgyed* `djlo zbxf l almber xfpgtjf ypgmb{d kgokethdh L`plflm zbxf Jgh/ Xfd

abp{x almber ga Jgh HG OGX FLQD L YTPD DXFOBK KGMYG[BXBGO FD@PDZ%

bokethboj xfd {elqd{/ Xfdr zdpd le{g `lyxbsdh `r kbpktmkb{bgo/ Mg{d{ zbee `pboj xl`ed{ Elz

&xfd Xdo Kgmmlohmdox{/ Mg{d{ zbee hdqdegy xfd *Edqbxbkt{* elz{ ga {gkble gpjlobslxbgo ga

xfb{ ydgyed/ Bo


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*[lplf% fb{ zbad `gpo L`plflm ogx yelkd kfbehpdo &//// Xfdo [lplf% fb{ zbad xggn L`plflm

l zgmlo {elqd3 Ljlp/& Ljlp zl{ `gpo L`plflm fb{ {go% loh {go L`plflm ytx go xfd

Ljlp lx `bpxf% olmd B{fmlde/ &/// [lplf `dklmd ypdjolox bo geh ljd &/// loh {lbh bx hpbqd

lqlr Ljlp loh fdp {go/ &/// Jgh xgeh L`plflm &/// hg dqdprxfboj rgt l{n [lpl/ &/// @tx xfd

{go B{fmlde B zbee mlnd l Ydgyed `dklt{d {ddh b{ rgtp{/ Jgh zl{ zbxf xfd kfbeh zfg jpdz ty

&/// ebqdh bo xfd Ylplo loh xfd nbh xlnd fb{ mgxfdp xggn l zbad apgm xfd Djryxblo{* &Jdod{b{

y/


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mr{xdpr ga albxf bo l {bojed Jgh% `tx fl{ ogx ptedh bx bo lor zlr, Bo l {yddkf xg xfd Lyg{xed{%

bo lor xdvx ga xfd Kfpb{xblo Jg{yde/ Odbxfdp xfd *Ngplo* Mtflmmlh ogx `elmd xfd Fd`pdz

*bo kgpygpd* `tx goer xfg{d zfbkf flqd nbeedh fb{ gzo ypgyfdx{ /// Bx b{ xptd xflx% gqdp xzg

xfgt{loh rdlp{% zdpd {dpqlox{ ga xfd xfpdd hdogmbolxbgo{ flqd tpjdh xg boxgedplokd loh

flxpdh xgzlph{ xfg{d lmgoj xfdm zfg flqd hdqblxdh boeloh gp xg gxfdp mgogxfdb{x albxf{/

Mbeebgo{ ga mlpxrp{ ga xfd xfpdd pdebjbgo{ lpd xd{xbmgor/ @tx xfb{ b{ ogx *xfd Ydgyed ga Jgh*`txgoer xfd ydgyed/ Gmlp Nlrlm ygdx% yfbeg{gyfdp loh bobxblxdh% lo Lpl`% {lrboj 3 *Jgh

b{ god% ydgyed mlhd {dqdple/ Zfr7 Bohddh3 Jgh goer nogz{ /// Mlr`d xfd mlkpgkg{m ga xfd

mbeebgo{ ga rdlp{% xfd {bsd ga xdo xfgt{loh rdlp{ &bo zfbkf ydgyed zbee hpbqd `r xfdm{deqd{ bo

Jgh albxf b{ l {mlee ydpbgh/

K/BB/;/ XFD FD@PDZ KFPB[XBLO[ KGTOKBE GA CDPT[LEDM

Rdlp 49 &apgm gxfdp {gtpkd{ 86 pdypd{doxdh l ydln mgmdox bo zfbkf xfd hb{ytxd xlnd yelkd

{gmd xbmd bo xfd `g{gm ga xfd Kftpkf ga Cdpt{ledm/ [gmd kelbmdh xflx xfd odz Fd`pdz

ageegzdp{ zd mt{x kgmyer {xpbkxer zbxf xfd Mg{lbk pbxtle% gxfdp{ kfgg{d agp l mbobmtm

otm`dp ga pd{xpbkxbgo{% jbqdo xflx xfd ygytelxbgo ga odz ageegzdp{ zfg klmd flh og

ypdylplxbgo gp xplboboj ga rgtxf bo xfb{ pd{ydkx/

Xplboboj {xlpx lor Cdz apgm xfd ljd gaxfpdd rdlp{ bo qlpbgt{ agpm{% hdydohboj go xfd kgmmtobxr xflx `degoj{ xg loh ogx edl{x xfd

pdebjbgt{ pd|tbpdmdox{ ga xfdbp almbebd{ ga gpbjbo loh xfd yg{{b`bebxbd{ ga mlxdpble{ agp

ylpdox{/ Ylpxbkbylxbgo bo qlpbgt{ agpm{ ga ydpbghbk Cthlbk dhtklxbgo bokethd{ xfd {xthr ga

Xgplf yl{{ljd{ xlbegpdh xg xfd ljd% kgoxd{x{ agp kfbehpdo zbxf b{{td{ pdelxdh xg xfd

l{{bmbelxbgo ga Cdzb{f xplhbxbgo/ [l``lxf mdle b{ lkkgmylobdh `r {goj{ loh @b`ed {xgpbd{%

lokbdox hlokd{% ylpxbkbylxbgo bo cg` [l``lxf% fgebhlr{ loh xfd kded`plxbgo ga xfd Xdmyed%

xfd kfgbp{ ga hbaadpdox ljd% mt{bk `loh{% dxk// Lhged{kdox{ ylpxbkbylxboj bo xfd cg` loh lpd81


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j % % y y j c

ogmbolxdh legoj{bhd xfd lhtex{% xg pdlh loh kgmmdox xdvx bo *Xgpl*/ Lx


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xflx lee mlonboh xg {ddn Jgh% {g xflx lee olxbgo{ {fgteh `d do{fpbodh Mr Olmd b{ zfr B xflx

{fgteh ogx `d pd|tbpdh ga xfg{d zfg kgoqdpxdh yljlo{/ @d pd|tbpdh goer xg pdaplbo apgm

mdlx agp {lkpbabkd{ bhge ebon{ beedjbxbmlxd% ogx xg kgo{tmd mdlx apgm lobmle{ loh {tyypd{{

xfd `eggh/ Agp bo lokbdox xbmd{ Mg{d{ fl{ flh bo dlkf xgzo ypdlkfdp xfdr pdlh bo

[roljgjtd{ [l``lxf *&Lkx{ y/


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KFLYXDP BBB KGOQDPXBOJ *YLJLO[* @R FD@PDZ KFPB[XBLO[49


52/146

KFLYXDP BBB KGOQDPXBOJ YLJLO[ @R FD@PDZ KFPB[XBLO[

K/BBB/


53/146

albxfate go rgtp kflbo &Lkx{ y/2/


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toqdpbabdh go kdpxlbo hlxl bo [ylbo/ Zflx flyydodh bo Hlml{kt{ loh flqd logxfdp

mdloboj/ Zflxdqdp xfd olxtpd gp dvyelbol`ed {ydox xfd ogo dvyelbol`ed Hlml{kt{ mgmdox

ga Ylte ebad% zd klo ogx bjogpd xflx xfdpd fl{ `ddo l hddy kflojd bo ydp{golebxr ga l pl``b%

egoj xplbodh bo xfd {dkpdx{ ga Mg{lbk [kpbyxtpd{% Elz{ ga xfd Xgplf/ [lte*{ gyxbgo xg `dkgmd

l mb{{bgolpr ga xfd Jg{yde ga Cd{t{% zbee flqd l kptkble pged bo dqlojfdeb{lxbgo ga xfd yljlo

ydgyed{* ga xfd Mdhbxdpplodlo lpdl bo xfd odvx xfbpxr rdlp{/ [xpdojxf ga kflplkxdp ga xfdftmlo xpb`d bo [lte l{{gkblxdh zbxf d{gxdpbk dodpjbd{ boqd{xdh% zbxf xfd Fger [ybpbx xfpgtjf

@lyxb{m xg ktpd ydgyed> jplkd bx{ {ydlndp loh gpjlobsdp ga Kfpb{xblo agpm{ ga zgp{fby loh

pbxtle ga xfd Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxbd{ xg `d {dx ty% zbee lee `dkgmd pdle zdlygo{/ Zbxf xfdm

zbee alkd go xfd hb{ylpljdp{ ga bx{ gzo xpb`d% xfd lhmbob{xplxgp{ ga xfd Pgmlo Dmybpd%

jbqboj FGYD xg xfg{d {ddnboj l {dlx bo apgox hgt`x{ ga xfdbp {ybpbxtle ebad/ Xfdpdagpd% xfd {bsd

ga bx{ {bojtelp hd{xbor% xfd zlr bo zfbkf xfd *`lpd floh{* xg alkd xfd `d{x kdoxdp{ ga pdebjbgt{

ygzdp &bo Cdpt{ledm% Lxbgkf% Lxfdo{% Pgmd loh xfdo kbqbe hd{dpqd ytp{tdh ogx goer bo xfd

lyg{xgebk% `tx l{ l dvlmyed ga agpkdh XG XFD JDODPLXD L FTMLO @DBOJ

GAADPBOJ/

K/BBB/0/ KFPB[XBLO DQLOJFDEB[M BO PGMD

Xfd bmylkx ga Kfpb{xblobxr bo% Pgmd% b{ pdygpxdh `r Cthdlo Cg{dat{ Aelqbt{ &Cg{dat{

Aelqbt{ bo *Cdzb{f Loxb|td{* - ylpljplyf{


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Pgmlo elz% xfd ypgkd{{ ga Kfpd{xt{ loh xfd lkxbgo{ xg ydp{dktxd xfd ageegzdp{% bokethboj

kgmylkx hdlkgo [lbox [xdyfdo/ Xdpxteblo &Pgmlo yfbeg{gyfdp loh fb{xgpblo% ypd{dox{ bo

*Lygegjdxbkg* ylpljplyf 4/0/ Pdygpxdh xflx Dmydpgp Xb`dpbt ypgyg{dh bo xfd Pgmlo

[dolxd% l elz zfbkf ypdqdox lor lkxbgo ljlbo{x *Kfpb{xblo{*/ Fd lxxpb`txdh xfb{ bobxblxbqd

abp{x dmydpgp ga xfd pdkgjobxbgo ga xfd Kfpb{xblo ktex/ [dolxgp{ zdpd gyyg{dh `dklt{d bx b{ l

pdebjbgt{ mgqdmdox *ltxgogmgt{* &zbxfgtx flqboj l {bojed dxfobk kgteh edlh xg kgoaebkx loh

{gkble topd{x^0]/ Hdkpdd ga xfd [dolxd &[dolxd - kgo{tex kgoxlbo{ xfd zgph{ *Ogo ebkbx d{{d

Kfpb{xblog{/

Dmydpgp Xb`dpbt odtxplebsd xfd kgo{d|tdokd{ ga xfd qgxd bo xfd [dolxd lpjtboj xflx bx

mlnd{ og hb{xbokxbgo `dxzddo dxfobk *Cdz{* loh *Kfpb{xblo{*% lee lpd Fd`pdz/ Xlkbx% {dolxgp

loh fb{xgpblo pdelxd{ xflx bo xfd rdlp 80% lx xfd `djbooboj ga xfd pdbjo ga Kelthbt{ &8< - 48xfd zbad ga Jdodple Lteg Yeltssbt &Edlhdp ga xfd edjbgo{ zfg flqd tohdpjgod @pbxxlor

Ygmygobl Jpdkbol xg kgoqdpx xg Kfpb{xblobxr &Xlkbx lpjtd{ xflx xfd tohdp lyg{xed Ydxdp

kgohtkx/ Xfd pd{tex b{ xflx xfd Jdodple zlox{ xg zbxfhplz apgm xfd almber ga kgpptyx

Bmydpble Pgmd^;]/ Kedmdox xfd Ledvlohpbo lpjtd{ xflx mlor og`ed{ loh Pgmlo{ nobjfx{

zdpd kgoqdpxdh xg md{{blobk zgpn ga Ydxdp loh l{ndh Mlpn xg zpbxd fb{ xdlkfboj{ ga Lyg{xed

ypdhbklxd/ Flqd ogx mb{{dh xfd kgoqdp{bgo apgm lmgoj xfd Cdz{ ga Pgmd/ Xfb{ klt{d{^0] bx b{ kedlp xflx xfd *hddy* agpmtelxbgo klo goer `d xfd aptbx ga lo dhbxgp zbxf lo bo{xptkxbgo gaxfd Jpddn {gyfb{x gp l Xlemthbk bobxblxdh/ Bokebod xg xfd gybobgo ltxfgp ga l xzg-qlpblox/

^;] L Kfpb{xblo bo{kpbyxbgo% bo xfd lokbdox klxlkgm`{ ga [x/ KLEB[X olmd Ygmygobg{ Jpdndbog{>

xd{xbmgor ga kgoqdp{bgo xg Kfpb{xblobxr ga lo beet{xpbgt{ lpb{xgkplxbk almbebd{ ga Pgmd/ Xfd lppbqle

ga Ydxdp bo Pgmd b{ hlxdh xg rdlp 80 `r xfd Dt{d`bt *Kfpgobked* 3 *Lx xfd `djbooboj ga Xfd

Ypbokbylebxr% Ypgqbhdokd xggn xfd floh edh Ydxdp xg Pgmd/* &Laxdp xfd Elxbo xplo{elxbgo gaBdpgobm

bppbxlxbgo ga mg{lbk Cdz{/ Xfdr g`xlbodh xfd dvyte{bgo ga Fd`pdz kgoqdpxboj xg Kfpb{xblobxr48


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apgm xfd Dmydpgp Kelthbt{ &8< - 48% lpgtoh 49/ L|tbel loh Ypb{kbel % Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{

xflx Etnd {lr{ xfdr zdpd dvydeedh apgm Pgmd &Lkx{ y/


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j r j j y j

gxfdp{% ylpxbkbylxboj bo yplrdp/ Lx xfd doh ga xfd hbqbod {dpqbkd% zfdo xfd pl``b {lbh xfd

yfpl{d *@pgxfdp{% ba rgt flqd {gmdxfboj xg {lr xg dokgtpljd ydgyed% hg bx,* Fd {xloh{ zbxf

ab{x plb{dh loh ebxxed abojdp ty^


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C r % r r

B zbee hdadoh/ Loh Jgh jlqd t{ xfpgtjf Pd{tppdkxbgo loh klo ogx `d |td{xbgodh lpd xfg{d

zgph{3 *Zd zbee jbqd rgt xfd fger xfboj{ ga Hlqbh% xfg{d zfg lpd xpt{xzgpxfr/ [g lpd

`pgxfdp{% xflx xfpgtjf Fbm agpjbqdod{{ ga {bo{ b{ loogtokdh/ Lee xfd agpjbqdod{{ xflx rgt

klo ogx jdx xfpgtjf xfd Elz ga Mg{d{% xfpgtjf Fbm rgt klo flqd/ Yedl{d ogxd rgt hg ogx

flyydo zflx b{ zpbxxdo bo xfd ypgyfdx{3 *Eggn ydgyed atee ga xfdm{deqd{/ @d {tpypb{dh ogxtohdp{xloh zfr loh hbdh agp {bokd xfd xbmd xflx rgt zbee hg zgpn xflx rgt hg ogx `debdqd

rgt lor xbmd% zfdxfdp rgt zgteh pdkbxd l {gmd`ghr/ "&Lkx{ y/


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Mb{{bgolpr jpgty pdxtpo{ xg Loxbgkf% zfdpd Ylte loh @lpol`d zbee gpjlobsd loh edlh

Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf toxbe fb{ hdylpxtpd agp Cdpt{ledm/ Kgokbeblxbgo Cthdg-Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf

ga Cdpt{ledm xggn yelkd% l{ hbaadpdox {gtpkd{ kgo{texdh% bo 86 gp 49/ Fdpd xfd xzg edlhdp{ ga

Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ Dqlojfdeb{m zbee d{xl`eb{f l {dpbd{ ga elz{ loh ypgkdhtpd{ atohlmdoxle

agp Kfpb{xblobxr/ Xfd Kfpb{xblo{ ga Loxbgkf3 *Go xfd abp{x hlr ga xfd zddn zdpd tobxdh xg

`pdln xfd `pdlh* &Lkx{ y/09/:// L{ rgt zbee aboh Etnd xg Xpgl{ bo 4:/ [g [tohlr% xfd hlr gaxfd Pd{tppdkxbgo ga Cd{t{% {lr{ xflx xfd Kfpb{xblo fgebhlr zfbed lx Mg{lbk Cdz{ adl{x hlr b{

[lxtphlr/ Bx abp{x d{xl`eb{fdh dkked{bl{xbkle fbdplpkfr/ Hdabodh xfd kgokdyx ga l Kfpb{xblo

ypgyfdx bo xfd abp{x plon l{ lo lyg{xed% zbxf xfd mb{{bgo xg boxdpypdx bx{ {ybpbx `r ebjfxboj xfd

geh {kpbyx{ loh fbhhdo mdloboj{ ga zgph{ bo xfd atxtpd% loh dvlmyed alkx{ ga xfd Jg{yde ga

Cd{t{/ *Pdqdelxbgo `r Cgfo* b{ god {tkf dvlmyed/ Xfd ageegzdp lpd ypd{`rxdpr zfg flh

boxdohdh xg {ypdlh Kfpb{xblo kpdhg% xg dqlojfdebsd loh xg do{tpd xfd kgmmtobxr ga

`debdqdp{/

K/BBB/8/ LYG[XGEBK MB[[BGO[ BO MLKDHGOBL LOH JPDDKD

Laxdp Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{ Kgtokbe ga Cdpt{ledm loh l {fgpx {xlr bo Loxbgkf% Ylte loh

@lpol`d pd{tmd fb{ mb{{bgolpr cgtpodr {dylplxder/ @lpol`d loh Cgfo Mlpn kgmd `lkn bo

Krypt{/ Ylte% lkkgmylobdh `r [bel{% zbee {xlpx {dkgoh mb{{bgolpr pgtxd &49 - 40 zfg zbee `d

{dxxboj ty kgmmtobxr Abebybtm% Kgpboxf% Lxfdo{/ Xfd abp{x pgtxd zbee yl{{ xfpgtjf [rpbl loh

Kbebkbl/ Fdpd xfdr xg Kfpb{xblobsd% xplbo loh {xpdojxfdo albxf bo xfg{d lepdlhr Kfpb{xblo{/

Ylte flh boxdohdh xg {xlpx l pgtxd mb{{bgolpr bo L{bl Mbogp/ @tx bo Mb{bl xgzo% l qb{bgoxflx b{ xfd zlr bx {xgy{/ [xgyyboj L{bl lx xfd `gphdp{% gqdp {dqdo ftohpdh rdlp{ zbee `d xfd

kplhed ga l odz `plokf ga xpton Albxf bo Jgh Goer% `r xfd ypgyfdx Mgflmmdh/ Bx zbee

pdkgjobsd bo *\tp*lo* &Xfd B{elmbk Fger @ggn l{ l agpdptoodp ga bx{ L`plflm Mg{d{

46


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pdkgjobsd% bo \tp lo &Xfd B{elmbk Fger @ggn l{ l agpdptoodp ga bx{ L`plflm% Mg{d{%

Debclf% Cd{t{/ Lpl`{ zbee klee Jgh *Leelf*/ Xfdpd ypdmb{d dmdpjboj hbqdp{bxr ga xfd xfpdd

`plokfd{ ga xfd {lmd {ybpbxtle Ydgyed ga Jgh*% zbydh xfd {fdyfdph{ *atohlmdoxleb{x{* ga

xfd xfpdd pdebjbgo{% l{{gkblxboj xfdm zbxf xfd kgoktppdokd ga boxdpd{x{ YGZDP zgpeher/

Zbxfgtx xlnboj boxg lkkgtox xfd kgmmgo d{gxdpbk qdbo3 *Geh Xd{xlmdox*% *Odz Xd{xlmdox*

loh *\tp*lo */

Fd kgmd `lkn lx Xpgl{/ L odz qb{bgo b{ pdqdledh xg `d l Mlkdhgoblo zflx*{ fb{ olmd gobx/ Dm`lpnboj% zbxf fb{ lxxdohlox{ xg Abebybtm% xfdo xfd klybxle ga Mlkdhgobl/ Htpboj xfb{

cgtpodr% bo Eb{xpg{ fl{ dedkxdh l odz hb{kbyed xg `d xplbodh3 Xbmgxfr/ Bo gphdp ogx xg kpdlxd

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kbpktmkb{bgo% xfdo bx d{xl`eb{fd{ zbxf Kfpb{xblo `lyxb{m/ Bx zl{ l hdpgjlxbgo apgm xfd Elzga Mg{d{ xflx Ylte% laxdp l hddy mdhbxlxbgo% fd hbh/ Logxfdp bokbhdox zl{ xfd lppd{x loh

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lppd{x zl{ mlhd bo xfd kgmyelbox xflx dvyegbx xfd albp% jdx mgodr apgm fdp dk{xlxbk {xlxd{/

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xfd bomlxd{ zbee pto% ypb{go jtlph fd zloxdh xg nbee ogx xg `d fdeh pd{ygo{b`ed `r xfdltxfgpbxbd{/ Ylte fl{ {lbh3 *Hg ogx nbee% zd lpd lee fdpd/ Lmlsdh% xfd mlo b{ xg xfpgz ty%

rgt xlnd fbm fgmd loh klpd ga boctpbd{ klt{dh fbm xg kgeely{d xfd zlee{/ L{n xg `d `lyxbsdh

xgjdxfdp zbxf fb{ almber /// L xzg-hlr {xplxdjb{x kl{xed &Kgmmlohdp ga xfd Pgmlo kbxr%

bmypd{{dh `r xfd ypb{godp{ {doh l kgtpbdp xg loogtokd xflx xfdr lpd apdd/ @tx Ylte loh [bel{

{lbh xflx Pgmlo kbxbsdo{ mlr ogx `d pdedl{dh xflo l Pgmlo/ Xfdo {xplxdjb{x kgmd{ ydp{gole

xg mlnd xfb{ hdkb{bgo/// Le{g go xfb{ pglh lx Xpgl{% cgbo{ l mb{{bgolpr jpgty loh Etnd/ Xflx

lyydlp{ bo xfd xdvx% hb{kpddxer% `r kpg{{boj xfd xfpdd-ydp{go lx l xzg-ydp{go yetple ga/ Bx b{rdx logxfdp ypgga ga xfd ylpdox Kfpb{xblo mghd{xr &Lkx{ y


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rdx logxfdp ypgga ga xfd ylpdox Kfpb{xblo mghd{xr/ &Lkx{ y/


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Fd`pdz ebnd Cdz{ dombxr xgzlph{ xfd Kfpb{xblo mb{{bgolpr Ylte lpgtoh% xfd kgmmtobxr ga

@dpd pdmlbodh bo hdkdox ebmbx{/ L otm`dp ga Fd`pdz flqd l{ndh xg `d `lyxbsdh/ Ylte% [bel{

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Cdpt{ledm% rgt jg xg Pgmd* &Lkx{ y/0;/


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`dagpd [lofdhpbo loh xg nbee bo xfd mbhhed ga xfd mddxboj/ Zlpodh `r l odyfdz% Ylte {doh{

bx xg Eb{bl{ xg {lr zflx fd fl{ edlpodh/ Eb{bl{ hdkbhd{ xg mgqd Ylte tohdp {xpgoj d{kgpx bo

xfd klybxle ga xfd ypgqbokd% Kd{lpddl xg `d ytx tohdp xfd ypgxdkxbgo ga Pgmlo Edjlxt{ ga

Cthddl% Adebv/ Abqd hlr{ elxdp% xfd jpdlx Pl``b Lolobl{% xgjdxfdp zbxf l hdedjlxbgo ga

[lofdhpbo% zfbkf zl{ ylpx loh elzrdp Xdpxtebt{% jg xg Adebv/ Xdpxtebt{ pd|tbpd{ kgo `d jbqdoxg xfd kgtpx go xfd jpgtoh{ `dklt{d Ylte klt{dh hb{lpplr lmgoj xfdm% {t`cdkx xg xfd

Pgmlo dmybpd/ Lpxbabkd xg {ddn ytob{fmdox ga Fd`pdz `r xfd {bxd gzodp{ B*qd mdx xfg{d

pdygpxdh^


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B zbee {fggx gtx ga fb{ Bd{de {xplbo loh l {ypbj apgm xfd pggx ga fb{ zbee / &B{lblf y/


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loh `eboh xg xfd zgph{ ga xfd ypgyfdx{/ Bx pdklee{ xfd `dflqbgp tohdp mg{lbk Elz ga

kgmmtobxbd{ Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{% xg jbqd mlxdpble {tyygpx xg Cdzb{f Kgmmtobxbd{ bo xfd

rdlp{ ga fdlqr hpgtjfx bo Cthdl/

L{ xfd Pgmlo kbxbsdo Ylte b{ {lqdh bx xfb{ xbmd/ Adebv lkxboj l{ l hdxdoxbgo ypb{godp bo

Kd{lpddl/ Laxdp xzg rdlp{% xfd ypgqbokd*{ odz Edjlxt{3 Ygpkbt{ Ad{xt{% hdkbhd l odz xpble/Ylte% bo xtpo% l{n xg `d {dox xg xfd bmydpble kgtpx/ Mddxboj lxxdohdh% legoj zbxf xfd

Pgmlo{% fb{ geh dodmbd{ loh xdxplpkf Ljpbyyl BB zbxf bx{ {b{xdp @dpdobkd/ Ad{xt{ `pboj{ fbm

ypb{godp {lrboj xg {doh fbm xg xpble Kld{lp bx mt{x ct{xbar xfb{ jd{xtpd loh hgd{ ogx nogz

fgz xg abx xfd kpbmd kgmmbxxdh `r Lyg{xed% fgz xfd Pgmlo elz zd qbgelxbgo/ [g fd ytx fb{

xpble Ljpbyyl/ Ljpbyyl BB b{ lhhpd{{dh xg Ylte3 *Rgt lpd apdd xg hdadoh rgtp klt{d/

Lyg{xed Ylte lhhpd{{d{ xfd l{{dm`er kgo{b{xboj ga Pgmlo gaabkble{ loh Cdz{3*Lexfgtjf B lm lkkt{dh ga Cdz{% B adde flyyr nboj Ljpbyyl% xg dvkteylxd md xghlr bo apgox

ga rgt/ Xfd mgpd {g l{ rgt*pd lzlpd ga lee Cdzb{f kt{xgm{ loh kgoxpgqdp{r/ Le{g yedl{d

eb{xdo xg md ylxbdoxer/ Lee mr ebad B {ydox bo xfd `g{gm ga xfd ydgyed lx Cdpt{ledm> Cdz{

nogz/ Xfdr nogz md zdee loh ba xfdr lpd xg xd{xbar xflx B flqd ageegzdh xfd ylpxr ga pdebjbgo

mgpd {xpbkxer gtp Yflpb{dd go/ Ogz xfdr lpd {tdh `dklt{d ga mr fgyd bo xfd ypgmb{d mlhd

`r Jgh loh gtp ylpdox{ xflx xfd xzdeqd xpb`d{ ga gtp ydp{dqdplokd xfpgtjf albxf bo Jgh%

hlr loh objfx% B dvydkx ateabeemdox/

Ylte pdygpxdh xfd dqdox go xfd Hlml{kt{ pglh &K/BBB/


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Xflx b{ zfr xfd Cdz{ xpbdh xg nbee md bo xfd Xdmyed/ [tyygpxdh xfd ypgxdkxbgo ga Jgh% loh B

kgoxbotdh xg xfb{ hlr xg {t`mbx mr xd{xbmgor &go xfd Egph Cd{t{ Pd{tppdkxbgo/ B kgoad{{dh

bo apgox ga xfd kfby loh xfd ygzdpate% zbxfgtx {lrboj lorxfboj `drgoh zflx xfd ypgyfdx{

loh Mg{d{ {lbh zgteh flyydo/ Xflx Kfpb{x zbee {taadp loh xflx ga hdlh Pd{tppdkxdh zbee

loogtokd EBJFX xg yljlo ydgyed{* &Lkx{ y/01/06/-;0//

Jgqdpogp Ad{xt{% hddyer bmypd{{dh `r xfd kgoxdox loh xfd kgtpljd zbxf zfbkf Ylte

{t{xlbodh fb{ yedl% {lr fbm xflx lxxbxthd ga hbjobxr klo edlh xg fb{ kgohdmolxbgo `r xfd nboj

Ljpbyyl/ Ylte bx{ pdyebd{3

*B lm ogx kplsr `tx XLEN bo xfd elojtljd ga xptxf loh kgmmgo {do{d/ Nboj l{n md

`dklt{d fd b{ le{g xplbodh bo Mg{lbk Mb{xdpr/ B l{n fbm xg {ladxr ogxfboj xflx b{ agpdbjo/ Agp

xfg{d pdelxboj OGXFBOJ BO OGX ebd, Nboj Ljpbyyl% `debdqd bo ypgyfdx{7 B nogz rgt

`debqd/ *&Lkx{ y/01/04/-0://

Xfd pdxgpx ga xfd Nboj kgmboj bmmdhblxder3

*God mbotxd rgtp pdl{goboj loh B*ee kgoqdpx*

Ylte bx{ pdyebd{3

*Zflx klo `d hgod% mtkf gp ebxxed% mlr Jgh% ogx goer rgt `tx lee zfg fdlp md fdpd% zflxzbee `d mr{dea% dvkdyx agp xfd{d kflbo{/

Ljpbyyl {xloh{ loh lhhpd{{boj xfd L{{dm`er jbqd{ xfd qdphbkx3

*Xfb{ mlo bo apgox ga t{ hbh ogxfboj xflx zgteh mdpbx xfd hdlxf gp kflbo{* &Lkx{ y/01/06/-

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Xfd xpble doh{ zbxf xfd hdkb{bgo xflx xfd ypb{godp `d {dox xg Pgmd xg lyydlp `dagpd xfd

kgtpx ga Pgmlo Dmydpgp/

L adz zgph{ l`gtx Ljpbyyl BB - xf% xfd el{x nboj ga xfd Cdz{/ Lyygboxdh `r xfd dmydpgpKelthbt{/ Fd xpbdh xg mlboxlbo l ypdklpbgt{ `lelokd hdkpdl{boj dvxpdmb{x mgqdmdox{ loh

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Kelthbt{/ Fd xpbdh xg mlboxlbo l ypdklpbgt{ `lelokd hdkpdl{boj dvxpdmb{x mgqdmdox{ loh

xfd olxbgole topd{x klt{dh `r mlcgp ydp{dktxbgo ljlbo{x Kfpb{xblo{/ Fd {t{ydoh Fd`pdz

Kfpb{xblo{ doagpkdmdox% yplkxbkdh `r fb{ alxfdp/ Bo Ylte xpble fd hdmgo{xplxdh xflx bx b{ ogx

goer l nboj `tx l Cthdlo bobxblxdh zbxfgtx `dboj Kfpb{xblo/ Fd nodz xflx kfgg{boj xfd ylxf

xg xptd albxf% xg `d {t{xlbol`ed% mlr ogx `d bmyg{dh `r agpkd/ Zbee `d pdmgqdh apgm xfdCdzb{f pdqgex bo Cdpt{ledm &11/ Xfd mgpd ebjfx B*m xfd dvlmyed ga xfd zb{d loh xgedplox

edlhdp% zfg xpbdh xg boxpghtkd DAADKX[ BO YDLKD [GKBLE KGOHBXBGO[% DXFOBK

LOH PDEBJBGT[/ Dqdo ba rgt hg ogx {tkkddh,

Ylte nodz zfg {ydln{/ Fd nodz xflx xfdbp cgbox xplboboj Rd{fbql xg dol`ed xfdm xgtohdp{xloh hd{ybxd xfd lhqdp{lpbd{ ypd{dox/ Abp{x zgph{ lhhpd{{dh xg xfd nboj zdpd ogx

kgtpxd{r `tx l pdkgjobxbgo ga xfd edqde ga {kfgelp{fby loh xdlkfboj bo mr{xdpbd{ ga Xgplf gaLjpbyyl/ Loh {g xfd el{x yfpl{d ga xfd {yddkf3 *B nogz rgt xfbon*/ Bx zl{ lo bobxblxbqd ga xfd

Kfpb{xblo lyypglkf xg l mddxboj ga *hdla* `dklt{d xfdpd zl{ lx edl{x lo *dlp xg fdlp*/ Xfd

abole hdkb{bgo ga Nboj &xfd b{{td ga kflbo{ ga lyg{xed Ylte zl{ ogx bmyedmdoxdh htd xg

[lofdhpbo gyyg{bxbgo/ Ylte fbm{dea l{ndh xg `d xpbdh bo Pgmd% xfd bmydpble kgtpx/ Zd xlnd

xfd pglh ga Pgmd loh ga xfd mg{x ypgebabk ydpbgh ga dqlojfdeb{lxbgo ga ogo Cdz ydgyed% xfd

el{x ga fb{ ebad/ Cthdl pdebjbgt{ edlhdp{ kgteh `d {lxb{abdh/ Xfd mlbo hlojdp xg xfdbp ygzdpgqdp xfd ydgyed zl{ pdmgqdh apgm xfd Cdzb{f/ Zbxf xfd {lmd xdolkbxr {ydkbabk `pddh zbee

abjfx xg pdmgqd apgm xfd kgmmtobxr lee xfg{d *fdpdxbkle*% zflxdqdp xfd atxtpd ga ydgyed Cdz

lqlxlp{/ Gn gp `lh7 Xflx zl{ bx,

K/BQ/;/ PGLH XG PGMD

Ylte b{ {fbyydh legoj zbxf gxfdp ypb{godp{ go l {fby% xfd Pgmlo kdoxtpbgo Bt{xt{ ga

:6


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yy j y y%

mbebxlpr kgfgpx Ltjt{xl jtlphboj fbm/ Xflx% bmypd{{dh `r xfd pdytxlxbgo loh xfd zb{hgm

xflx zbee leegz albxfate Cdz xflx zl{ {fbyydh xg {bx odvx xg fbm go l {dl zbxf l {fby ga

Ledvlohpbl bo xfd hbaabktex zboxdp ydpbgh/ Zbxf lee xfd xby{ lyg{xed xg ageegz keg{der xfd ebod

ga kgl{x% xfd klyxlbo b{ fdlhboj agp Kpdxd/ @dagpd rgt keg{d xfd ygpx {xpgoj ytee l {xgpm gaaxfd {fby/ Laxdp agtpxddo hlr{ zbxfgtx `dboj lèd xg gpbdox `r xfd {to% mgoxf% gp {xlp{% kpdz

loh ydgyed go xfd {fby zdpd apbjfxdodh loh ftojpr/ Xfdr xfpdz xfd abp{x eglh% xfdo

dqdprxfboj go xfd `glx lpd ogx odkd{{lpr/ Ylte dokgtpljdh/ Xfdr {lbh xflx Jgh {dox l {bjo

xflx ogod ga xfg{d lpd go xfd `glx zbee ogx flyydo lorxfboj zpgoj/ Bo xfd agtpxddoxf hlr fd

mlhd `pdlh mbplked ga Kfpb{x/ Fd [flpd{ @pdlh xdeeboj xfdm xg dlx/ Xfdpd zdpd xzg

ftohpdh {dqdo xdo{ loh {bv ydgyed% zbxod{{d{ loh pdkdbqboj //// Xfd ageegzboj hlr {lz lelohdh/ Ml{xdp ogqbkd ljlbo% albedh xg {fby l fggn% `dagpd bx hgkn/ Kgpn zdpd ogx `dboj eg{x

htpboj lo lxxdmyxdh d{klyd ga {dlmdo/ [gehbdp{ flqd ypgyg{dh xflx ypb{godp{ {fgteh `d

nbeedh% ogx xg d{klyd gokd xfdr lppbqdh go {fgpd/ Kdoxtpbgo fl{ gyyg{dh/ Xfdr lee klmd

{zbmmboj xg {fgpd/ Bx zl{ xfd b{eloh ga Mlexl/ Egkle{ zdekgmdh fbm zbxf nbohod{{/ @djlo

xg jlxfdp zggh agp l abpd xg zlpm bo xfd zboxdp hlr{/ Ylte lhh `pblp loh {kply zggh bo l

pgz zbxf xfdm/ L {olnd `bx fbm/ Xfd olxbqd{ zfg nodz fgz ygb{gogt{ xfd{d pdyxbed{ zdpdkgo{bhdpdh jgh{ {dox% loh {lz fbm hdlh/ Ylte xfpgz xfd {olnd bo xfd abpd loh ogxfboj b{

flyydo xg fbm/ Zfdo xfdr `debdqdh xg `d l jgh /// Agp xfpdd mgoxf{ flqd `ddo fg{xdh `r

Ytèbt{% Pgmlo jgqdpogp ga xfd b{eloh/ Xfd alxfdp zl{ {taadpboj apgm adqdp loh hr{doxdpr%

zl{ hrboj/ L{ndh xfd {go% Ylte b{ lyypglkfboj fdlh hrboj% yplr egoj laxdp xflx ytx rgtp

floh{ go bx{ alkd/ Mlo pdxtpo{ xg fb{ ebad loh {ggo bx mlhd fdlexfbdp/ Xfd odz{ fl{ {ypdlh xg

xfd b{eloh/ Lee xfg{d {taadpboj apgm lor hb{dl{d klmd loh zdpd pdd{xlèb{fmdox ga lo

lyg{xed/ Pd{ydkx agp Ylte hgd{ ogx flqd `gphdp{/ L{ {lbh go xfd {fby htpboj xfd {xgpm3 ypb{godp{%{gehbdp{% {lbegp{% flqd jgod mb{{boj lorxfboj/ Bo xfd kgmboj {ypboj xfdr zdox xg Bxler zbxf l qd{{de

xf x b x b M ex h b h x Y eb &Y x eb F Y e x h b

:2


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xflx zboxdp{ bo Mlexl loh lppbqdh lx Ygtssgeb &Ytxdgeb/ Fdpd Ylte zl{ jpddxdh bo mlor

Kfpb{xblo{^


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Ylte pdmlbo bo Pgmd/ Pdedl{dh apgm Bmydpble Kgtpx &fdlhdh `r xfd ypdadkx ga Pgmd%

@tppg zbee kgoxbotd bx{ mb{{bgo bo xflx kbxr zbee `dkgmd *agpxpd{{ dxdpole* ylpx ga

Kfpb{xblobxr/ Fd zbee kgoxbotd% hbpdkxer gp xfpgtjf Edxxdp{ lkpg{{ xfd lpdl zfdpd xfdr zdpd

`dboj gp Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxbd{ bo xfd Ebjfx ga Cd{t{ Jg{yde/

Bo xtpo xfd ltxfgpbxbd{ loh Mg{lbk Cdz{ zbee t{d lor mdlo{ xg dvxbojtb{f xfb{ Ebjfx/ Odpg%xfd Kfpb{xblo loxb y{rkfg{b{ kpdlxdh {xdy `r {xdy% zfbkf zbee ktembolxd htpboj xfd abpd bo

Pgmd klt{d{ Kfpb{xblo{ Fgegklt{x ga Pgmd &Fd`pdz loh ogo Fd`pdz/ Gkktppdh ljlbo{x

xfd `lknhpgy ga l {xlxd ga mboh agp Kfpb{xblo{ bo Pgmd% {bokd 10% bo{ybpdh `r Ygmygobl%

Odpg*{ zbad loh zflx g`{d|tbgt{ doxgtpljd bmydpble hdbabklxbgo kelmy Bmydplxgp% {ypdlh

boxg xfd ydgyed zfg hg ogx tohdp{xloh xfg{d zfg hg ogx pto zbxf xfdm xg xfd {lmd {gtpkd

ga plon/ Zfdo xfdr xlnd agp xptd xflx xfd {dx ga abpd bo Pgmd &18 b{ mlhd xg xfd Kfpb{xblo{%ogx `r Odpg/

Ydxdp loh Ylte lpd dvdktxdh `r gphdp ga Dmydpgp &1:/ Xfd yelkd zfdpd b{ `debdqdh xgflqd `ddo dvdktxdh b{ xghlr Ydxdp loh Ylte @l{bebkl apgm PgmdQlxbklo [xlxd/ [bmdgo%

`b{fgy ga xfd Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf bo Cdpt{ledm zbee `d nbeedh bo xfd rdlp


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j r y j

xfdbp zbee `r abjfxboj3 xfd Dpdxs B{plde/

Kfpb{xblobxr zbee {tpqbqd xfd alee ga Pgmd loh zbee jpgz l{ {kgyd loh gpjlobslxbgo%mgqboj apgm lexdpolxbqd ydpbgh{ ga xgedplokd loh pdypd{{bgo ga xfd dmybpd% toxbe tohdp

Kgo{xloxbod xfd Jpdlx &;


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% j r % y %

loh gokd {gmdxfboj b{ xptd ga xfd ypdhbkxbgo3

*Fger b{ xfd Egph Jgh l`gqd md% `dklt{d Jgh logboxdh md xg `pboj jggh odz{ xg xfg{d

`l{xlph{/ Fd {dox md xg fdle xfd `pgndo-fdlpxdh xg fdlp eb`dplxbgo ga {elqdpr loh xg kltjfx

zlp ypb{godp{ agpjbqdod{{/ &/// Xfd {mleed{x zbee `d l xfgt{loh loh xfd bo{bjobabklox lygzdpate xpb`d/ B xfd Egph zbee fl{xdo xfd xbmd agp xfboj{* &B{lblf y/19/00/

Klo xdee lor mlo% lor xbmd ga ebad gp `dagpd xfdr hbd/ B flqd mghd{x cgr ga `dboj xfdpd bo xflx

ftmlobxr% jggh zgph ga Jgh% dqdo ba xfd ydgyed xfdm{deqd{/ Fd dvydkxdh xflx `r xfd yplrdp{

lhhpd{{dh xg Jgh xg kflojd xfd zgpeh bx{dea b{ t{ded{{/ Bx xlnd{ daagpx dqdprgod zfg xpter

`debdqd{ bo xfd mbplked ga bx{ dvb{xdokd tohdp xfd {bjo ga albxf bo Jgh% xg abjfx xg xplo{mbx

lpgtoh bx{ d|tbeb`pbtm `r zgph{ loh jggh hddh{ l{ jggh/ XFDO /// LOH YPGYFDX[KGMBOJ,

FD@PDZ[ KFPB[XBLO[ MT[EBM[ BO

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FD@PDZ[% KFPB[XBLO[% MT[EBM[ BO

CDPT[LEDM

FB[XGPBKLE ALKX[

K/Q/< RDLP[ GA PGMLO[ GKKTYLXBGO

-1; Ygmydb kgo{te% bo lo lxxdmyx xg gyyg{d Kld{lp d{xl`eb{f bx{ fdlh|tlpxdp{ bo Hlml{kt{/Xg do{tpd bx{ aggh pd{gtpkd{ gkktyr Cdpt{ledm loh xfd doxbpd nbojhgm Bdfthl/ Dokgtpljdh

`r xflx% Yflpb{dd{ ylpxr klee agp xfd pdmgqle ga xfd mgolpkfr loh pd{xgpd xfd Cdz{f {xlxd `r

Pl``b L{{dm`er &[lofdhpbo ga Jploh Mg{lbk Xdmyed apgm Cdpt{ledm/ Bo ljpddmdox zbxf

xfd{d Ygmydb lxxlkndh Cdpt{ledm loh laxdp xfpdd mgoxf{ ga pd{b{xlokd `dxzddo xfd zlee{ ga

xfd Xdmyed% Lpb{xg`te BB b{ xlndo ypb{godp/ Fbpnlo BB &Fgpngog{ b{ kleedh xfd ltxgogmgt{

ypbokd tohdp {tsdplboxr ga Pgmd/ Xfd olmd b{ kflojdh apgm xfd nbojhgm Bdfthl bo Cthdl/

-48 - 82 Kgo{te Kpl{t{ edlh{ abp{x Pgmlo klmylbjo ljlbo{x xfd Ylpxd{/ Xfpgtjf Cdpt{ledm

68


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Xdmyed pg` fbm/ Cdz{ pdqgex/ B{ abjfxboj agp bx{ egoj zbxf l{mgpddo bo{tpjdox{% edh `r xfd

{go ga Lpb{xg`te BB% Ledvlohdp/ Fd zl{ nbeedh loh ;9%999 Fd`pdz{ ga Jlebedd lpd {geh l{

{elqd{/

-4< -;9 Kgo{te Kld{lp kgo|tdp{ Djryx loh hdkelpdh xfd |tddo Kedgylxpl/

-86 [xptjjed `dxzddo Kld{lp loh Ygmydb bo hdkbhboj `lxxed ga Yflp{leg{/ Ygmydb zl{ nbeedh/

Ogèd{ ga xfd Cdz{ xflx bx {tyygpx{ xfd Kld{lp b{ pdmlpnlèd Fbpnlo Loxbylxdp &Loxbylxpg{

Fgpngog{/ Kld{lp kleedh fbm Dxolpf ga Cthdl/ Fbpnlo zbxf Pgmlo edjbgo{ mlhd lqlbelèd

hdadlx ga xfd Cdz{ keg{d lpgtoh Dsdkfbl{ loh alee{ zbxf bx{ edjbgo{ bo Cdpt{ledm/ Lyygbox fb{

{go Fdpgh &Fgpghg{ l{ jgqdpogp ga Jlebedd/ Fd |tdee loxb Pgmlo Cdzb{f pdqgex{/

-88 @ptxt{ nbee Kld{lp b{ bo xfd [dolxd/ Loxgobt{ b{ Bmydplxgp/ Bo Cthdl% fb{ gyygodox{Fbpnlo pdqgexboj b{ ygb{godh &-8;/

-89 YlpxB gkktybd{ Cthdl/ Nboj kleedh go Loxbjgogt{/ [xptjjed xlnboj yelkd `dxzddo gaabkble{

Cthdl3 bx {tyygpx{ {gmd ga xfd Pgmlo{% go xfd gxfdp ylpxbd{ toxbe xfd rdlp &-;6 zfdo xfd

YlpxB b{ hdadlxdh `r xfd Pgmlo{/

-;: Fdpgh edh [g{bt{


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odz Cthl{ xfd Mlkkl`dd^


88/146

8 Nboj Fdpgh hbdh/ Lpfdelt{ fb{ {go b{ lyygboxdh `r Fdpgh l{ l {tpqbqgp/ Pgmlo [dolxd hdkbhdh

hbqbhboj xfd Cthddl nbojhgm boxg xfpdd ypgqbokd{3 Fdpgh Loxbyl{ pdkdbqdh Jlebedd pdjbgo loh

Ydpdl> Lpfdelt{ Cthdl loh [lmlpbl% Yfbeby &{go ga Kedgylxpl loh Loxgobt{ pdkdbqd{ @dxflor%

Xplkgobxbhl% Ltplobxbhl loh Bxtpbl &Ylodl{/ Yfbeby dvyloh @dx{lbhl loh Kd{lpddl kbxbd{/

B{ {dox xg Cdpt{ledm [l`bot{% l{ ypgktplxgp ga xfd bmydpble jggh{ xg mlnd lo boqdoxgpr gapd{gtpkd{ nbojhgm/ Kdo{t{ hgod `r xfd Pgmlo{ loh Cdz{ {dpqlox{ hdxdpmbodh pdqgex ga

ygytelxbgo% {tyygpxdh `r ylpx ga l pl``b{/

Xg kgoabjtpd l loxb Pgmlo pd{b{xlokd% xg b{{td% tohdp xfd edlhdp{fby ga Bdfthl jlebedlo Pl``b loh

Yflpb{dd [lhgk/ [l`bot{ kleedh edjbgo{ xg pd{xgpd *ylv Pgmlol*/ Xfgt{loh{ ga Cdz{ lpd kptkbabdh

bo xfd rdlp 1/

^ Cthl{ {lbh Mlkl`dd% Dedlslp {lbh L`lpgo>

Bgolxflo {lrh Lyyft{/ Xfdr apddh xfd eloh{ ga Cdpt{ledm loh xfd Cdz{ hpbqboj gtx ga

Cthddl Jpddn loh Fd`pdz xflx xfg{d zbxf gkktylox hd{xpgrboj lexlp{ loh jgh{ xfpgtjfgtx

fb{ nbojhgm {xpdxkfdh Bdfthl/ Ageegz{ rdlp{ ga fdlqr abjfxboj ljlbo{x Cdz{ `dboj mg`bebsdh

xpggy{ flqd pdlkfdh ftohpdh{ ga xfgt{loh{ ga {gehbdp{/ Xlnd{ yelkd loh l {bdjd gaCdpt{ledm/ @dklt{d ga pb{boj pdygpx Jpddn{ bo Loxbgkf pdxbpd/ Logxfdp jdodple Obklogp b{

hdadlxdh bo `lxxed lx @dxfgpgo/ Toxbe xfd elxxdp Mlkkl`dd{ zbee bobxblxd lo leeblokd zbxf xfd

rgtoj Pgmlo Pdyt`ebk/ Bo -


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almber% zfbkf b{ jploxdh Pgmlo kbxbsdo{fby% fd zbee `d xplbodh xg `dkgmd pl``b lx Rd{fbql ga

Jlmlebde xfd Dehdp ga xfd Xlp{t{/ L{ xfd rgtojd{x mdm`dp [lofdhpbo zbee ogxbkd bo xfd

ydp{dktxbgo ljlbo{x Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxbd{/ Zbee ylpxbkbylxd hbpdkxer bo xfd mtphdp

hdlkgo [lbox [xdyfdo/ Kgoqdpxdh xg Kfpb{xblobxr% tohdp Ylte olmd% zbee hdqdegy Mb{{bgolprJg{yde ga Cd{t{% `dxzddo Fd`pdz loh ogo Fd`pdz bo lpdl ga Mbhhed Dl{x loh

Mdhbxdpplodlo sgod/

1 Cthdl hdkelpdh xfd ypgqbokd b{ fdlhdh `r l Pgmlo ypgktplxgp/ Lpfdelt{ b{ bo dvbed bo

Jlebl/ \tbppbot{ lyygboxdh ypgktplxgp {xlpx boqdoxgpr Lpfdelt{ nbojhgm jggh{/

Kgoxbotgt{ typb{boj{ edh Bdfthl loh [lhgk/ Xfdr lpd lyygboxdh `r xfd Pgmlo{ *sdlegx{*/

Almber ga Cd{t{ pdxtpo apgm Djryx xg Olslpdxf/ [tyygpx `r Cg{dyf `dboj l klpydoxdp

flohbkplax% zfbkf zd zbee edlpo loh Cd{t{/ Bo xfd Dl{xdp fgebhlr{% xfd rgtoj Cd{t{ zbee

hlssed Xdmyed Pl``b{ ga hddy ydodxplxbgo `r xfd xdlkfboj{ Xgpd/

1 Loo &Flolo% b{ kleedh Jpdlx Ypbd{x ga xfd Xdmyed/


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`dfdlhdh lx xfd bo{b{xdokd zbad ga Fdpgh Loxbyl/ Bo hdxdoxbgo fd kgoxbotd xg kgohdmo l{

bmmgple zloxgo mgple{ ga xfd pgrle kbpked/ [t`{d|tdoxer% lee ageegzdp ga Cd{t{ zbee xlnd xfd

`lyxb{m zbxf zlxdp L[ ABP[X AGPM GA PDKGJOBXBGO l{ l ypgygodox ga l kgmmtobxr

ga Kfpb{xblo{/ Cgfo zbee `d {lokxbabdh `r xfd Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf ga Cdpt{ledm l{ xfd olmd*Agpdptoodp*/

06 Ypgyfdx Cd{t{ mb{{bgo {xlpx{% abp{x bo Cthdl loh Jlebedd/ Dqlojdeb{m b{ d|tleer lhhpd{{

xfd oddh{ ga ydgyed xfpgtjf xfd mbplked ga ktpboj xfd `ghr% xfd {ybpbx loh mgple ylpl`ed{/ Bx

toegkn{ l Fd`pdz albxfate Jgh zfg egqd{ mlo l{ mlo {fgteh egqd {gz/ Le{g hdabodh lkkd{{

xg *ebad xfdo* loh *Hggm{hlr* l{ kpbxdpbl agp dqletlxboj xfd `dflqbgp ga dlkf ebon zbxf Jgh b{

dohboj l ebad xbmd/ L{ l pdgpjlobslxbgo ga kbqbe ebad fd dvydkxdh l kgmmtobxr ga D{{dod{mloodp &jggh{ bo kgmmgo% bo fdeyboj kgmmtobxr mdm`dp{% debmbolxboj lobmle{ {lkpbabkd{>

goer *jbax* b{ hlber pdydoxlokd agp mb{xlnd{ loh jbqboj {ybpbx xg `d cthjdh `r hbqbod nbohod{{

/ Bx{ Md{blobk zgpn{ zbee jdodplxd l ygelpbslxbgo ga xfd yggp loh xfg{d hb{{lxb{abdh zbxf xfd

Pgmlo - Cdzb{f lhmbob{xplxbgo lk|tbpboj% bo 02-;9% xfd mgqdmdox `pboj lkkdox{ ga yl{{bqd

pdqgex/

;9 Cd{t{ b{ kptkbabdh go


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Kfpb{xblo{ &agp ylpxbkbylxbgo xg kgmylkx ga [xdyfdo/

;; Dmydpgp Xb`dpbt{ pdelxdh [rpbl Qbxdebt{ xg pdmgqd xfd Jpdlx Pl``b Klbyfl{ loh fb{

pdypd{doxlxbqd ga Pgmd Ybelxd% `dboj pdyelkdh `r [dolxgp Mlpkde/ L`gtx [dolxgp Mlpkde b{

{lbh xg flqd `dkgmd l Kfpb{xblo ageezdp% laxdp {gmd hgktmdoxlpr {gtpkd{ bx zgteh `d fg{xdhLyg{xed Ydxdp bo Pgmd/ Xfd boagpmlxbgo b{ ypgqbhdh `r Aplokd{kg Ylgeg Pbssbg% l{

kgoxlbodh bo *Alkx{ ga Ydxdp*% xfd doh ga xfd kdoxtpr BB% xplo{elxdh boxg Elxbo tohdp xfd xbxed

*Alkx{ ga Qdpbkdeb*/

;; - 8; Kgoqdp{bgo ga Pgmlo kbxbsdo{ &d{ydkbleer lmgoj {gehbdp{ loh Pgmlo nobjfx xg

Kfpb{xblobxr% ageegzboj Lyg{xed Ydxdp/

;4 Pgmlo Dmydpgp Xb`dpbt{ l{ndh xfd [dolxd xg b{{td l elz xflx zgteh hdkelpd xflx xg `dKfpb{xblo b{ edjle/ [dolxd hdkbhd `r *b{ og edjle xg `d Kfpb{xblo/

;: - 8< Bmydplxgp Klebjtel bo Pgmd/ Ljpbyyl B `dkgmd{ Nboj ga Cthddl Yfbebybl loh Eb{lol

pdjbgo{/ Bo ;2 ga xfd Pgmd pdkdbqd{ Jlebedd loh Ydpdl% bo 8< Cthdl loh [lmlpbl/ Zbee g`xlbo

apgm xfd dmydpgp Klebjtel xg `d pdydlxdh pbxtle{ mg{lbk loh zdlpboj xfd {lkdphgxle xgj{ ga

pl``b bo xfd Jploh Xdmyed/ Bx zbee mlnd xfd `ghr zbxf xfd [lofdhpbo xg `dfdlh xfd

Kfpb{xblo Kftpkf ga Cdpt{ledm/ Fd zbee hd{xpgr xfd bohdydohdokd mgqdmdox{ ga xfd Cdz{ljlbo{x Pgmlo hgmbolxbgo/

8< - 48 Kelthbt{ Bmydplxgp xg Pgmd/ Zd kgoabpm Ljpbyl B xg `d xfd nboj ga Cthddl/ Bx zbee

`d fg{xbed xg Kfpb{xblobxr% lmgoj `gxf xfd Cdz{ loh d{ydkbleer xfd Kfpb{xblo dvylo{bgo ga bx{

mbebxlpr loh ygebxbkle debxd bo Pgmd/

80 Kelthbt{ `elmd xfd xplo{bxbgo xg Kfpb{xblobxr ga lpb{xgkplxbk almber Lteg Yeltsbg loh fb{

zbad Ygmygobl Jpldkbol/

80 Ljpbyl B lppd{x xfd edlhdp{fby ga xfd Kftpkf bo Cdpt{ledm agp Dl{xdp/ Ydxdp mloljd{ xg

mbplktegt{er kgmd gtx ga ypb{go/ Clmd{ xfd Jpdlx b{ `dfdlhdh/ Clkg` xfd Rgtoj edlhdp{fby

a xf Kf b xb bx b C e

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ga xfd Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxr bo Cdpt{ledm/

Ydxdp zbee kgoxbotd xg edlqd Cdpt{ledm lyg{xgebk mb{{bgo/ Xfd ypd{dokd ga Ydxdp bo Pgmd b{

egklxdh bo 80% zfdpd Dt{d`bt{ {lr3

*Lx xfd `djbooboj ga Xfd Ypbokbylebxr% Ypgqbhdokd xggn xfd floh loh edh Ydxdp xg Pgmd/

&Kfpgobked 0%


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kgmyer Mg{lbk Elz/

49 - 4; L {dkgoh lyg{xgebk mb{{bgo ga Ylte bo Mlkdhgobl &Abebybtm loh Jpddkd

&Xfd{{legobnb% Kgpboxf% Lxfdo{% Dyfd{t{/ Fdpd% xfd jpgty pdkdbqd{ l mb{{bgolpr lmgoj

bo{bhdp{ abp{x hb{kbyed *bmytpd* dxfobk/ Xfb{ b{ Xbmgxfr% apgm Eb{xpg{/ Agp ogx qbgelxd xfd

yg{bxbgo ga bo{bhdp{ Fd`pdz Kfpb{xblo{% fd b{ `lyxbsdh bo xfd Mg{lbk pbxd/ Laxdp xflx

Kfpb{xblo zlxdp `lyxb{m loh `r xfd Fger [ybpbx/ Lkxbqbxr boxdo{d ga mb{{bgolpr jpgty hg ogx

dvydpbdokd {dpbgt{ hbaabktexbd{ apgm xfd Pgmlo{/ Xfd gyyg{bxbgo ga mg{lbk Cdz{ b{ hbpdkxer

gp bohbpdkxer `r bokbxboj xfd egkle ygytelxbgo/ 40-19 Adebv Loxgobt{ `dkgmd{ ypgktplxgp ga

[rpbl &loh Bthdbb/ Fd `pboj Hpt{bel go xfd zbad% {b{xdp ga Ljpbyyl BB/ Zd |tdee xfd pdqgex ga

sdlegx{/ Fd zbee kgohdmo xg hdlxf bo 46% xfd Jploh Ypbd{x Bgolxflo &lkxbqd ylpxbkbylox bo xfd

mgqdmdox agp bohdydohdokd ga xfd Cdz{/

4;-4: Xfd xfbph mb{{bgo ga Ylte bo Jpddkd &Kgpboxf loh Dyfd{t{/ D{xl`eb{fmdox ga [kfgge

ga Kfpb{xblo Bobxblxbgo ga Dyfd{t{/ Bo 4:% xg xfd Xlp{t{% Etnd mdoxbgo{ abp{x xbmd dtkflpb{xbk

[tohlr pbxtle bo xfd Kfpb{xblo kgmmtobxr/

48-16 Bmydplxgp Odpg bo Pgmd/ Fd kleedh go Ljpbyyl BB Nboj bo Jlebedd% Ydpdl loh

Bo{ydkxgp ga xfd Jpdlx Xdmyed/4: Dl{xdp lx Cdpt{ledm% Ylte xpbd{ xg debmbolxd hb{ytxd{ bo xfd kgmmtobxr ga Fd`pdz

Kfpb{xblo{/ Lxxlkndh bo Xdmyed ga l jpgty ga Cdz{ xg `d {xgod/ B{ {lqdh `r xfd Pgmlo

jlppb{go/ Kdoxtpbgo Eb{bl{ {doh fbm bo Kd{lpddl xg ypgktplxgpd Adebv% xg ypgxdkx Ylte ga xfd

boxdoxbgo ga [lofdhpbo xg nbee fbm/ Fd pdmlbo bo hdxdoxbgo xzg rdlp{/

42 Xpble ga Ylte `dagpd Nboj Ljpbyyl BB xlnd{ yelkd bo Kd{lpddl/ L{ b{ Pgmlo ypgktplxgpd

Ad{xt{ loh xfd hdedjlxbgo ga [lofdhpbo/ Hdkb{bgo alqgpl`ed xg Ylte mlhd `r xfd Nboj b{ ogx

ljpddh `r xfd Jploh Pl``b Loo/ Ylte l{n xg jdx {dox xg xfd xpble kgtpx ga Bmydpble Pgmd%

zfbkf pdlkfd{ 19/

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10 Ypdadkx ga Pgmd% @tppg hdkelpd og jtbexr xfd lyg{xed Ylte/ Dqlojdebkle mb{bgo ga Ylte bo

Pgmd &19 - 1:/

10 Odpg {lr{ hdbabklxbgo kgmyte{gpr xfpgtjfgtx xfd dmybpd/ Xplkn xfg{d zfg lpd ogx

kgmyerboj &Jpddn{ [xgbk{ loh Kfpb{xblo{/ Mg{lbk Cdz{ bo Pgmd t{d lee mdlo{ &bokethbojjgghzbee ga Cdz{ Odpg*{ zbad% Ygmygobl xg jdodplxd lo lxmg{yfdpd ga {t{ybkbgo loh flxpdh

ljlbo{x Kfpb{xblo{ bo Pgmd/

18 Xg hd{kpb`d l abpd xflx b{ pdkgphdh bo fb{ ygdxbk% Odpg gpjlobsd lp{go Pgmd/ Laxdp

hdkelpboj jtbexr go Kfpb{xblo{/ Ypgktplxgpd Pgmd% Xbjdeebot{ gpjlobsd xfd ml{{ lppd{x ga

Kfpb{xblo{% nbeeboj xfdm bo xfd Lmyfbxfdlxpd ga Pgmd/ Odpg ypgqbhd{ agp ml{{lkpd{ bx{ gzo

jlphdo{/11-:; Cthdlo ljlbo{x Pgmlo hgmbolxbgo {dqdo rdlp{ pdqgex{/ Cdz{ pdqgex b{ xfd kebmlv ga

pd`deebgo{ zdpd kgohtkxdh {bokd xfd `djbooboj ga xfd kdoxtpr% laxdp Fdpgh*{ hdlxf &8/

Cdpt{ledm b{ pdedl{dh `r xfd kgmmgo ydgyed loh l pl``b{/ Kd{xbt{ Jleet{ mg`bebsd Edjbgo

VBB loh gxfdp kgfgpx{ xg lxxlkn Cdpt{ledm/ Cdz{ hdadlxdh Pgmlo{ bo xfd [tkgx hlr &xfd

adl{x ga xdox{/ Cthdl b{ hdkelpdh bohdydohdox/ Bx agpm{ l *Bo{tppdkxbgole Jgqdpom

‘CHRISTIANS AND JEWS - DOCUMENTARY FACTS’ / 2010 (PPT)

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Transcript of ‘CHRISTIANS AND JEWS - DOCUMENTARY FACTS’ / 2010 (PPT)