Christianity and Islam People, Texts, Ideologies, and Places.

Christianity and IslamPeople, Texts, Ideologies, and Places

Words to Know!

MeccaJerusalemMuslims/IslamMuhammadCaliphThe QuranSunni/Shia

JesusBibleMonotheismCatholic/Protestant

Graphic Organizer (Right Side)

Ethnic group vs Ethnic group vs Religious GroupReligious Group

►Ethnic groups share many common Ethnic groups share many common characteristics such as language, characteristics such as language, physical features, customs, and physical features, customs, and traditionstraditions

►Religious groups share a common Religious groups share a common belief system but are not necessarily belief system but are not necessarily composted of a single ethnic group.composted of a single ethnic group.

About Yeshua (Jesus):About Yeshua (Jesus):

► Christians follow the teachings of Yeshua of Christians follow the teachings of Yeshua of Nazareth, commonly referred to as Jesus Nazareth, commonly referred to as Jesus Christ. Christ.

► He was executed by the Roman occupying He was executed by the Roman occupying authorities in Palestineauthorities in Palestine

► The Trinity consists of the Father, Son and Holy The Trinity consists of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit; three separate persons, all eternal, all Spirit; three separate persons, all eternal, all omnipresent, all omnipotent, all beneficent, who omnipresent, all omnipotent, all beneficent, who form a single, unified deity [form a single, unified deity [MonotheisticMonotheistic].].

Church history:Church history:

After Jesus' death, his After Jesus' death, his followers formed the followers formed the Jewish Jewish ChristianChristian movement movement, centered , centered in Jerusalem. One of Jesus' in Jerusalem. One of Jesus' followers, Simon Peter, may have followers, Simon Peter, may have headed the group. James, who headed the group. James, who was either Jesus' brother, cousin, was either Jesus' brother, cousin, or friend, took over leadership or friend, took over leadership later. later. They regarded They regarded themselves as a reform themselves as a reform movement within Judaismmovement within Judaism; ; they continued to sacrifice at the they continued to sacrifice at the temple, follow Jewish kosher food temple, follow Jewish kosher food laws, etc. laws, etc.

► The Protestant Reformation in the 16th century The Protestant Reformation in the 16th century led to a split within Christianity.led to a split within Christianity. The Protestant The Protestant movement further fragmented into what is now movement further fragmented into what is now thousands of individual denominations and groups of thousands of individual denominations and groups of

denominations.denominations. ► Pope-Human leader of the Catholic Church.Pope-Human leader of the Catholic Church.

Modern ChristianityModern Christianity

Catholic Protestant

Roman Catholic

Orthodox Catholic

Eastern Orthodox

Baptist

Methodist

Presbyterian

And so on…

Christian Holy PlacesChristian Holy Places

► Jerusalem is believed to be the site of Jerusalem is believed to be the site of some of Jesus' teachingsome of Jesus' teaching, , the Last Supper, as well the Last Supper, as well as his entombment; Christians believe He was crucified on a as his entombment; Christians believe He was crucified on a nearby hill, Golgotha (sometimes called Calvary). It contains nearby hill, Golgotha (sometimes called Calvary). It contains the Church of the Holy Sepulcher and the Church of All the Church of the Holy Sepulcher and the Church of All Nations. Nations.

► Bethlehem is the birthplace of Jesus. Bethlehem is the birthplace of Jesus. ► Nazareth is Jesus' hometown Nazareth is Jesus' hometown

► What other religions also considers What other religions also considers Jerusalem to be a holy city?Jerusalem to be a holy city?

Christianity

Ideas=10 Commandments

Islam/Muslim

Texts=Torah+Bible----Quran

Figures=JesusMohammad God-----------Allah

5 Pillars


1. Which of the following is a true statement:

A. All Arabs are Muslims B. All Muslims are Arabs

C. Iran is an Arab country D. None of the above

2. During prayer a Muslim should face:

A. Mecca B. Islamabad

C. Jerusalem D. Washington, DC

Muslims are strict monotheists.

They believe in the Judeo-Christian God, which they call Allah.

Muslims believe that the Torah and the Bible, like the Qur’an, is the word of God.114 suras (chapters).

Written in Arabic.

Important People in IslamImportant People in IslamImportant People in IslamImportant People in Islam

Adam

Noah

Abraham

Moses

Jesus

Muhammad

The Origins of IslamThe Origins of Islam

Muhammad-born in Mecca in 571, descendent of Abraham.

Muhammad supposedly spoke to the angel Gabriel

Muhammad’s revelations were compiled into the Qur’an after his death.

Caliph-Spiritual leader of Islam

Islam by the death of Mohammed 632

732, 100 Yrs after Mohammed

The framework for Muslim life. Essential practices

1. The declaration of faith: • "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is His Prophet."

2. Prayer: • Five obligatory prayers each day.

* dawn * noon * late afternoon * sunset * before going to bed•Wash before praying•Face Mecca and use a prayer rug.

The 'Five Pillars' of Islam

► 3.Zakat: ►Obligatory charitable giving by setting aside a

portion (2.5%) for the needy 4.Fasting:

►From sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan



5.Pilgrimage: ►A pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, Arabia. ► Must be done at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime.►2-3 million Muslims make the pilgrimage every year.

Christianity


Islam/Muslim

Tests=Torah+Bible----Quran

Figures=Jesus-----------Muhammad God-------------AKA-Allah


Jihad and the Conduct of War

• Islam is not addicted to war, and jihad is not one of its "pillars”

• Jihad in Arabic does not mean "holy war”. It means "struggle” or “strive”.

• It is the difficult effort needed to put God's will into practice at every level

Relation with other Faiths

• Like the Torah, the Quran permits retaliation eye for eye, tooth for tooth. But, like the Gospels, it says “it is meritorious to forgo revenge in a spirit of charity (5: 45)

• Acknowledges Adam, Noah, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, David, Solomon, Zacharia, Jesus, John the paptist, and others as the “the good prophets of God”

• A special place for Jesus and Mary (e.g., 3:45,46; 4:156-158; 19:1-98)

• Accepts that Mary’s conception is from God’s soul.

• Rejects the divinity of Jesus (no trinity).

• Jesus was not killed (e.g., 4:155-159; 5:17-19)

Sunni and Shia(Shiite) Split

Like many other religions the Islamic faith is divided between two separate groups (the

Sunni and the Shia). Approx 90% of Muslims are Sunnis. Shias are Muslims who follow Ali, Muhammad’s closet relative. Ali was Muhammad’s

cousin And was married to his daughter. After Muhammad died, Muslims split over

Who would succeed Muhammad as leader of Islam. The Sunnis wanted the Community to choose the best leader to succeed Muhammad, while the Shia favored Ali, feeling that leadership should stay within the prophet’s family.

*Most Iranians are Shia Muslims.

Mount Moriah Rockwhere Muhammad ascended into heaven.

Three holiest cities in Islam: Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem.

Christianity


Islam/Muslim



Ideas 5 PillarsHoly Place=Jerusalem----------Mecca


The Dome of the Rock is one of the holiest sites in Islam. Its The Dome of the Rock is one of the holiest sites in Islam. Its significance is from the religious beliefs regarding the rock at its significance is from the religious beliefs regarding the rock at its center. According to Islamic tradition, the rock is the spot from where center. According to Islamic tradition, the rock is the spot from where Muhammad ascended to Heaven accompanied by the angel Gabriel.Muhammad ascended to Heaven accompanied by the angel Gabriel.

The stone hillside over which the Muslim shrine was built is also the The stone hillside over which the Muslim shrine was built is also the holiest site in Judaism. Just as Muslims pray towards the Kaaba in holiest site in Judaism. Just as Muslims pray towards the Kaaba in Mecca, the holiest site in Islam, Jews pray towards the site of the the Mecca, the holiest site in Islam, Jews pray towards the site of the the Foundation Stone, the holiest site in Judaism.Foundation Stone, the holiest site in Judaism.

In Christianity it is called the Church of the Holy Wisdom.In Christianity it is called the Church of the Holy Wisdom.

So who’s religious site is it?

The Ka'aba (literally "the cube" in Arabic) is an ancient stone structure that was built and re-built by prophets as a house of monotheistic worship. It is located inside the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The Ka'aba is considered the center of the Muslim world, and is a unifying focal point for Islamic worship.

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

House of Worship= MosqueIslamic public place of prayer. Mosques are the centre of community worship and the site of Friday prayer services. Essentially an open space, usually roofed, with a minaret sometimes attached. Statues and pictures are not permitted as decoration. The minaret, originally any elevated place but now usually a tower, is used by the muezzin (crier) to proclaim the call to worship five times each day. During prayer, Muslims orient themselves toward the qiblah wall, which is invariably oriented toward the Ka'bah in Mecca. The mosque has traditionally been the centre of social, political, and educational life in Islamic societies.

Christianity

Building=Church


Islam/Muslim



Building= Mosque

Ideas 5 PillarsHoly Place=Jerusalem----------Mecca


Islam's Sunni-Shiite split. Dan Murphy | Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0117/p25s01-wome.html

Bibliography

Christianity and Islam People, Texts, Ideologies, and Places.

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Transcript of Christianity and Islam People, Texts, Ideologies, and Places.