S.B. college of Master of Tourism Administration kalaburgi-585103

By- vinni NadageriSem : 3rd

CHOLA EMPIRE

Map of the Dynasty•The Cholas ruled large parts of Southern India including Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and parts of Karnataka from the 9th to 13th

The chola dynasty

•The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India. The earliest datable references to this Tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka, of the Maurya Empire. As one of the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territory until the 13th century CE.

• Darasuram Temple• Darasuram temple of the chola dynasty the first temple to reflect dravidian architecture, This temple is just 2 kms from kumbakonam.

• Chola Art and Architecture• Heavily ornamented pillars accurate in detail and richly sculpted walls, is a classic example of Chola art and architecture

Darasuram Temple

•Nataraja•The most famous of all the bronze icons is that of Nataraja.The symbolism presents Siva as lord of the cosmic dance of creation and destruction

•Gajalakshmi•Gajalakshmi, that is Lakshmi with elephants, is one of the most significant Ashtalakshmi aspects of the Hindu goddess Lakshmi. In this aspect, the goddess is depicted seated on a lotus, flanked on both side by an elephant (gaja).

Bronze Statues• Portable bronze sculptures were produced to preside over Chola festivities.

Vijayalaya The Founder• The founder of Chola

Kingdom was Vijayalaya who conquered the kingdom of Tanjore during mid 8th century. Vijayalaya defeated the Pallavas and took over Tanjore from them. He was succeeded by his son Aditya-I.

Timeline of the important kings of Dynasty

Rajaraja Chola (985-1014 AD)

Aditya-I (907 to 955 AD)

Rajendra I (1012 1044 AD) 

Vira Rajendra (1064 - 1070 AD)

Vikrama Chola (1120 - 1135 AD)

Rajendra-II 1073 to 1118 AD

9th to 13th Century

Military• • The Cholas had an efficient army and navy • The Chola army consisted of elephant, cavalry and infantry • Soldiers were given proper training • The Chola arm had 60,000 war elephants • The Chola navy was formidable one in South India • With the help of their navy the Cholas controlled the seas from Lanka to the Sumatra. • • The king/emperor head of all the military forces

Administration and Art

• .

Thanjavur Temple

Under the Cholas, the Tamil country reached new heights of excellence in art, religion and literature. • In all of these spheres, the Chola period marked the culmination of movements that had begun in an earlier age under the Pallavas. • Monumental architecture in the form of majestic temples and sculpture in stone and bronze reached a finesse never before achieved in India

Society• • There were different sections in

society • The society was based as Varnasrama • According to the Varnasrama, society was divided into four major divisions • Namely Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras • Chola Kings gave importance for the development of education • Women were given high status and freedom in the Chola society

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