Choc N54 NEW -...

komentarikomentari

fanatizmi fanatizmi VSVS antifanatizmi antifanatizmi Teo xatiaSvili

saavtorosaavtoro

vadimi vadimi levan berZeniSvili

umberto ekoumberto eko

gustavo martin garsogustavo martin garso

mariam wiklaurimariam wiklauri

vaxo mosiaSvilivaxo mosiaSvili

literaturaliteratura

iisaqarTvelosaqarTvelo

dekadansi dekadansi paata qurdaZe

fotoproeqtifotoproeqti

uxmo paralelebiuxmo paralelebilevan kakabaZe

fasi 5 larinoemberi 2009 #54

istoriebiistoriebi

koka amirejibikoka amirejibi nino lomaZe

qvrivi da oligarqebiqvrivi da oligarqebi

suzana endriusi

alternatiuli Tbilisialternatiuli Tbilisi

sandro naveriani

garekanze: koka amirejibi

foto: daviT mesxi

mTavari redaqtori:

nino lomaZe

aRmasrulebeli redaqtorebi:

nino jafiaSvili, salome

kikaleiSvili

art-redaqtori: giorgi nadiraZe

redaqtor-stilisti: nino svaniZe

koreqtori: nino saiTiZe

nomerze muSaobdnen: salome

kikaleiSvili, daviT buxrikiZe, ana

korZaia-samadaSvili, daviT CixlaZe,

levan berZeniSvili, sandro naveriani,

nino lomaZe, gigo mesxiSvili, daTo

turaSvili, Tamar babuaZe, lela

gafrindaSvili, maia cecaZe, malxaz

xarbedia, Teo xatiaSvili, giorgi

maisuraZe, sofo Caduneli, nino

robaqiZe

foto: daviT mesxi, levan kakabaZe,

qeTo caava

ilustracia: mariam zaldastaniSvili,

maia sumbaZe

dizaini: Tornike lorTqifaniZe

sazogadoebasTan urTierToba:

lela SubiTiZe

sareklamo gayidvebi: Salva CubiniZe

distribucia: zviad Sengelia

gamomcemeli: Sorena SaverdaSvili

gamomcemloba: Sps èm fabliSingi~, Tbilisi 0105,

faliaSvilis q. 108, tel.: 912326

el-fosta: [email protected]

sxva gamocemebi: liberali, biznesi-

adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi,

dialogi, Tibisi da Tibiselebi.

stamba: Sps `sezani~, Tbilisi,

wereTlis gamz. 140, tel.: 357002

Jurnali gamodis 2004 wlis 25 dekembridan

© “M Publishing” saavtoro uflebebi

daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli

masalebis nawilobrivi an mTliani

gamoyeneba gamomcemlobis nebarTvis

gareSe akrZalulia.

N54, noemberi 2009

`cxeli Sokoladis~ oqtombris nomerSi daibeWda giorgi xasaias komentari

ìavnanam ra qnas?~. teqstSi SecdomiT iyo moxseniebuli Jurnalistis saxeli,

risTvisac bodiSs vuxdiT irina xizaniSvils.

Sesworeba

4 cxeli Sokoladi

6 redaqtoris werili

8 Cveni avtorebi

mimoxilva 10 artisteriumi _ isteriis damalvisa da kulturuli

egzaltaciis zRvarze daviT CixlaZe

16 beTlemis uxmod artistuli manifesti daviT buxrikiZe

20 naxtomi sicarieleSi daviT buxrikiZe

taimauti 24 kafe Belle de Jour ori wlisaa! maia cecaZe

26 nabij-nabij `mediteraneaSi~ gigo mesxiSvili

aqcenti 30 maCvzRarba sofo Caduneli

komentari 32 fanatizmi VS antifanatizmi

Tu fanatikuri antifanatizmi Teo xatiaSvili

reportaJi 34 `benduqizmis~ sazafxulo skola nino robaqiZe

imogzaure

saqarTveloSi

36 zarebis xma fSavis xevSi

malxaz xarbedia

werilebi 38 ìndustriuli~ qalaqi miSkolci

salome kikaleiSvili

42 Suqura daTo turaSvili

istoriebi 46 koka amirejibi

qalaqi _ TviTon sazogadoeba nino lomaZe

52 alternatiuli Tbilisi sandro naveriani

56 qvrivi da oligarqebi suzana endriusi

inglisuridan Targmna Tamar babuaZem

fotoproeqti 60 uxmo paralelebi beso uznaZe

isaqarTvelo 70 dekadansi paata qurdaZe

esei 76 sada xar, Cemo varinka?! lela gafrindaSvili

saavtoro 81 panTeonidan panTeonamde da ukan giorgi maisuraZe

86 vadimi levan berZeniSvili

gaTamaSeba ji pi si-s da wiTeli a-s afTiaqebSi!daagrove rac SeiZleba meti vaSli

5 oqtombridan 5 dekembramde da moige:

5 vaSli = 1 bileTs

saojaxo sagzuriparizis disnei lendSi

MCBook saxlis kinoTeatri

plazmuri televizori

musikaluri centri

10 dRiani dasvenebabakurianSi orisaTvis

saaxalwlo Sopingitansacmlis saukeTeso

maRaziebSi

naZvis xesaTamaSoebTan

erTad

Ipod Touch

www.gpc.ge sainformacio samsaxuriwww.reda.ge

redaqtoris werili

ramdenime dRis win, Cemi Svili baRSi rom mimyavda, vaJa-fSavelas gamzirze

gaurkveveli daniSnulebis (versad amovikiTxe risi reklama iyo) sareklamo baneri

momxvda TvalSi, aseTi warweriT _ `dainaxe siSiSvle~. fotoze, erTmaneTis piris-

pir ori SiSveli qalis torsi iyo gamosaxuli. asoebad danawevrebuli sityvebis

fragmentebi qalebs ZuZuebs, Wips da genitaliebs ufaravda. mTeli sareklamo imi-

ji ki Savi saRebavis laqebiT iyo dafaruli. konceptualur Canafiqrs namdvilad

ar hgavda. rogorc Cans, viRacam es gamiznulad gaakeTa. didxans vifiqreT rogor

SeiZleboda am òperaciis~ Catareba da bolos SevTanxmdiT, rom sareklamo baners,

savaraudod, Savi saRebavebiT savse buStebi dauSines.

am fiqrs ise Sevyevi, am adamianis logikaSic ki Sevecade garkvevas (ratomRac ase

gadavwyvite, rom Cemi `gmiri~ axalgazrda biWia) _ rogor gamibedes saxlis win am

garyvnilebis dakideba; an, Cemi patara daiko skolaSi rom midis am `paxabn~ baners

unda uyurebdes?; an, dedaCemTan erTad veRar gamivlia quCaSi; da kidev bevri

aseTi.

ucnauria, siSiSvleze gambedaoba da siTamame rom gamaxsenda, magram swored ama-

ze davfiqrdi. da erTi holandielis sityvebi gamaxsenda: àm istoriuli momentis

paradoqsi is aris, rom imis magivrad zustad ganvsazRvroT ras niSnavs iyo Taname-

drove, cvlilebebis SiSiT TiTqmis yvela im nostalgiur ideebs epotineba, rome-

lic sinamdvileSi arasdros arsebobda. jeimsoni am movlenas àwmyos nostalgias~

uwodebs. dRes is samyaro rekonstruirdeba, romelic sinamdvileSi arc arasdros

dagvikargavs. viRacebs es warsuli hgoniaT, magram es mxolod nostalgiaa mexsie-

rebis gareSe. ratomRac vaidealizebT samyaros, romelic arasdros arsebobda.

samyaro, sinamdvileSi, mxolod axla da aq arsebobs~.

albaT ifiqreT sareklamo baneri samyaros myofobasTan ra SuaSiao. magram mgoni

Savi laqebiT moTxupnuli SiSveli sxeulebi Cveni realobis zusti ilustraciaa.

realobis, romelSic yvelaze Zlieri da gulwrfeli protesti am samyaros mxo-

lod yvelaze bunebrivi formebis mimarT gviCndeba.

ar vici bunebrioba rodis gaxda am samyarosaTvis aseTi ucxo. samwuxarod, Cven-

Tvis nacnobi mxolod is warsulia, romelic `sinamdvileSi arasdros arsebobda~.

warsuli, romelic ar gvaZlevs uflebas SevigrZnoT dro da vicxovroT axla da aq.

nino lomaZe

mogvwereT, [email protected]

6 cxeli Sokoladi

Cveni avtorebi

`saqarTvelos bankSi~ Cems rigs velodebi da win mdgomma

qalma failSi saguldagulod Senaxuli kompaqturi diski

iqve Camodo, TviTon ki raRac qaRaldebs awerda xels. Tan

ekiTxeba, _ ase rom iyos? _ diax. _ ise xom ar daSavdeba?

dagviandeba? _ ara, ara. gmadlobT. me saaTs vuyureb maR-

la, kedelze, vfiqrob, _ male momiwevs? ramden xanSi?

mere isev im disks vxedav, iqve devs. netav rad unda, ra

unda eweros masSi, meqanikuri fiqria. mere aiRo sakuTa-

ri dokumentaciis Sekvra am diskianad, xelSi msubuqad

SeaTamaSa, rodesac molare operatori cdilobda, Cqara

daebeWda raRac, male gaTavisuflebuliyo klientisgan,

TiTqos amiT saerTod Tavisufldeboda samsaxuris yovel-

dRiuri stresisgan, TiTqos adgeboda da sadme kurortze

wavidoda.

xelSi SeaTamaSa kidev da me ukve vicodi, davinaxe maSinac

_ es kompaqturi diski gabrwyinda naTuris Suqze. mwvane,

yviTeli, vardisferi, TeTri gadavida erTmaneTSi _ mere

ukve sadRac, tibetSi, himalaebSi, gangas napirebze, wignebis

peizaJebSi, romlebic yovelTvis ararsebuli megona. es

Suqi iyo, am patara diskis uneblie Suqi, bankis neitralur

ofisSi rom Semoabija, savarZelze Camojda, gaanaTa isev da

mas ki albaT veravin amCnevs. mec xom SemTxveviT davinaxe,

SemTxveviT gamaxsena sadRac arsebuli simSvide da bunebri-

vi mSveniereba.

miuxedavad imisa, am diskze simReraa Cawerili Tu yidva-

gayidvis xelSekruleba, is mainc ase mousvenrad aireklavs

Suqs. iqneb kulturac asevea. mTavaria, cxovrebas azri

hqondes, sadRac iyos sinaTle, misi anarekli mainc. pio-

nerTa sasaxlis kedelze, metros mxares viRacebs wauwe-

riaT didi asoebiT: `gvSia~. mere kidev meore: Cvenc gvSia~.

Semdeg ki Tvalebs ar vujereb: `kultura gvSia, ganaTleba

gvSia~.

warmoudgenelia, _ vfiqrob, _ es xom bavSvebma daweres,

quCis bavSvebma.

quCis bavSvebi ar arseboben. Cven yvela quCis bavSvebi varT

sinamdvileSi da Suqi yvelas gvSia _ namdvili Tu warmod-

genili.

daviT CixlaZe

iseTi rTuli zafxuli mqonda, rom sayvarel svetebsac

ki veRar vwerdi, magram yvelafers mxolod finansur

problemebs namdvilad ver davabraleb.

miuxedavad imisa, rom gaWirvebisas aRmarTSi, erTi ki

ara, mgoni ramdenime qva zedized damewia, albaT mainc

damTxvevaa, rom yvelani erTdroulad damemSvidobnen

da erTaderTi, vinc ar mimatova, diego maradona iyo.

agvistos bolos ki iyo lodiviT gulze dawolili

damatebiTi sevda _ `rediohedis~ gamazuli koncerti,

romlis bileTic ukve mqonda, magram aRar mqonda Zala

da SesaZlebloba CexeTis dedaqalaqSi CasaRwevad da imis

Sansic davkarge, rom musikaluri TerapiiT dameZlia

Savi depresia.

sxvaTa Soris, metis miRwevac SeiZleboda, radgan na-

mdvili musikis dadebiTi gavlenis SemTxvevebi saqar-

TveloSic arsebobs da magaliTad nino JiJilaSvili,

swored imitom jobia bevr qarTvels Jurnalists, rom

mik jegeris koncertzea namyofi. marTalia misi upira-

tesoba, Tandayolili da gzadagza SeZenili codniTac

aris ganpirobebuli, magram igi mainc verafriT amoSlis

sakuTari biografiidan am bednier SemTxvevas.

rac Seexeba ubedur SemTxvevebs (vTqvaT kaxi kalaZis

or autogols), maTgan dazRveuli aravinaa da amis gamo,

SesaZloa sruliad janmrTel adamianebsac ki daerRveT

nervuli simSvide.

Tumca Tbilissa da saqarTveloSi, rogorc wesi (gviani

Semodgomisagan gansxvavebiT), adreuli Semodgoma ufro

mSvidia, tkbilia da wynari.

Tanac seqtembris bolos baTumis kinofestivalze aR-

movCndi da zRvamac ise damamSvida, rom did aviaciaSi

dabruneba mainc gadavwyvite.

da isev vwer.

daTo turaSvili

8 cxeli Sokoladi

TbilRvinos klasikuri koleqciidan

daagemovneT araCveulebrivi Rvino

TbilRvinos klasikuri koleqciidan

da gaixangrZliveT urTierTobiT

miRebuli siamovneba.

... da erTi Wiqa Rvino

Tanamedrove xelovnebis Tbilisis saerTaSoriso gamo-

fena `artisteriumi~ wels, 9 oqtombers ukve meored gai-

xsna axali samuSao deviziT _ `cvlilebebis manifesti da

Sinagani gamocdileba~. gamofenaze 23 qveyana iyo warmodge-

nili da 11 kuratori xelmZRvanelobda. saqarTvelosTvis

uprecedento masStabis gamofena, romelic Tanamedrove

xelovnebis ganviTarebas da saerTaSoriso gamocdilebis

urTierTgaziarebas emsaxureba, nawilobriv mainc gviqmnis

dasavlur saxelovnebo esTetikasTan integrirebis STa-

beWdilebas. teqnikurad, es gamofena ufro samxatvro ide-

ebis da arakomerciuli proeqtebis Tavmoyraa da albaT es

saqarTvelosTvis xelovnebis postmodernistul epoqas-

Tan adaptirebis erTaderTi SesaZleblobac gaxlavT. aseT

gamofenaze ki yovelTvis unda velodoT iseT arakomer-

ciul mimdinareobebs, rogoricaa performans-arti, kon-

ceptualizmi da video-arti, radgan saqarTveloSi dRes

komerciuli postmodernistuli glamuris ganviTareba,

ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, utopiaa.

rogorc proeqtis direqtori iliko zautaSvili da

kuratori magda guruli amboben, wlevandeli gamofena

msoflioSi dRes mimdinare uxilav, Zireul cvlilebebs

exmaureba.

artisteriumi _ isteriis damalvisa da kulturuli egzaltaciis zRvarzeavtori: daviT CixlaZe

foto: qeTo caava

10 cxeli Sokoladi

im drom, rodesac Tanamedrove xelovneba amerikul

abstraqtul eqspresionizms, minimalistur xelovnebas

da hepenings gulisxmobda, civ omTan da rkinis kedel-

Tan erTad, istoriis furclebze gadainacvla.

sabWoTa periodSi gamoTqma _ `xelovneba xelovnebis-

Tvis~ _ mxolod rusi mkvlevrebisgan vicodiT, romle-

bic, erTi mxriv, Tanamedrove burJuaziuli kulturis

avangardistul mimdinareobebs akritikebdnen, rogorc

formalisturs, dekadenturs da amdenad socialurad

uunaros, meore mxriv ki, samomxmareblo burJuaziuli

kulturis winaaRmdeg swored mas iyenebdnen ideolo-

giur mokavSired.

dRes niu-iorkeli kuratori benjamin godsili, ro-

melic àrtisteriumze~ `niu muzeums~ warmoadgens

msoflio imperiis dedaqalaqidan, swored igive Rire-

bulebebze amaxvilebs yuradRebas, rodesac sakuTar

saprogramo teqstSi acxadebs, rom amerikuli saukune

dasrulda da amerikelebis mdgomareoba nabaxusevze

gaRviZebas hgavs, rodesac gaxsendeba, rogori uprinci-

po, TavSeukavebeli da zedmetad udardeli yofilxar

wina Rames. Cven vicodiT, rom dasavluri avangardistu-

li xelovneba, rasac dRes Tanamedrove xelovnebis sa-

xeliT moixsenieben, yovelTvis neomarqsistuli da an-

tikapitalisturi iyo. axalgazrda amerikel artistebs

antikapitalisturi tradiciisTvis arc amjerad uRala-

tiaT. àrtisteriumze~ warmodgenili proeqti _ `dilis

varskvlavi~ amis dasturi gaxldaT. Tumca, komunistur

reJimSi nacxovrebi adamianebisTvis SeiZleba rTuli ga-

sagebi iyos, Tu rogor SeiZleba, msoflio kapitalis-

turi imperiis dedaqalaqs dResac aseTi mdidari anti-

burJuaziuli kultura hqondes. ubralod samwuxaroa,

rodesac yovelTvis ase vigvianebT da swored maSin, ro-

desac Tavi gamarjvebuli gvgonia, msoflio istoriis

saWe isev sxva mxares iwyebs moulodnelad Sebrunebas.

nacnobi paradoqsia, rodesac àrtisteriumis~ ku-

ratori, magda guruli katalogis winasityvaobaSi sa-

qarTveloSi demokratiulobis maRal xarisxze lapa-

rakobs, niu-iorkis cnobili `niu muzeumis~ kuratori,

benjamin godsili ki wers, rom msoflioSi demokratiis

gavrcelebis amerikuli utopiuri idea srul marcxad

SeiZleba miviCnioT.

SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom msjelobas amerikelebis sa-

gamofeno oTaxidan viwyeb. es marTlac erT-erTi yve-

laze gamorCeuli da saintereso eqspozicia iyo qarvas-

laSi; pirvel rigSi imiT, rom aq swored isev is myari

postmodernistuli impulsi vigrZeniT, rasac marSal

maklueni ase gamoxatavda, _ `saSualeba TviTon aris

Sinaarsi~. miuxedavad amerikelebis politikuri angaJi-

rebulobisa, am namuSevrebis formalisturi esTetiu-

roba, raRac jadoqrobiT, bunebrivad gamoiyureboda.

albaT ar aris advili, konkretuli politikuri gana-

cxadi lamaz da dramatul abstraqciad aqcio. swored

es unaria, megapolisSi cxovrebas asatans rom xdis.

darbazSi centraluri adgili ekava Son raspetis ko-

merciul vinilze dabeWdil sxvadasxva zomis banerebis

dakidebul instalacias, romelSic mxatvris sabanko

sakredito davalianebebis nusxebi moCanda, qarTul

jvrebTan, saojaxo gerbebTan da Suasaukuneebis suraT-

xatebTan Sereuli. es Tanamedrove abstraqcionistuli

namuSevari Tematurad mianiSnebda, rom ojaxi da piro-

vneba ususuria im sistemis winaSe, romelic yvelafers

detalurad aRricxavs da akontrolebs.

SesaZloa, swored Son raspetis am namuSevriT aixsne-

ba, Tu rogor axerxebs amerikuli Tanamedrove xelo-

vneba, ar uRalatos xelovnebis standartebs da, amave

dros, yovelTvis burJuaziuli saRi azris farglebSi

darCes. Sinagani swrafva humanuri realizmisadmi, ro-

desac saTqmeli namdvilia da ara mxolod mimdinare

aqtualuri lozungidan an programidan gamomdinare,

swored amerikuli xelovnebisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli.

da aseTi sinamdvile Canda rogorc Son raspetis, ise

danarCeni misi kolega mxatvrebis eqsponatebSi.

meTiu Cambersma darbazis meore mxares misTvis ganku-

Tvnili sagamofeno sivrce sawarmo kuTxed aqcia. man aq

mimoxilva

cxeli Sokoladi 11

mimoxilva

maisurebi da qsovilis saRebavebi moitana da damTva-

liereblebis Tvalwin maisurebze sxvadasxva niSnebs da

konturebs xatavda, Semdeg ki maT damTvalierebels

Cuqnida. tansacmlis seriuli da komerciuli warmoebis

nacvlad, aq mxatvarma SemogvTavaza uSualo, adamianu-

ri gacvlis magaliTi, rac kapitalizmis erTgvari kri-

tikac iyo da im uneblie samxatvro snobizmisac, rac

artists erTguli publikisgan aSorebs. es komunistu-

ri utopia mimzidveli aRmoCnda damTvaliereblebis-

Tvis, romlebic, SeiZleba sulac ar saWiroebdnen ufa-

so maisurs, rogorc mesame msoflios warmomadgenlebi,

magram mouTmenlad elodnen, rodis damTavrdeboda

maTTvis gankuTvnili maisuris xatva, radgan es maTTvis

avtoris SemoqmedebasTan uSualo Sexebas niSnavda.

danarCeni amerikuli eqspozicia mTlianad televi-

zoris monitorebze naCvenebi video-arti iyo. am video

koleqciidan gamoirCeoda liz mejik leizeris `floba~

_ rogor erTobian artisti da misi megobrebi cocxali

kiborCxalebiT avtomobilSi. es namuSevari Saviumoriani

groteskia ganebivrebul, momxmareblur sazogadoebaze,

romelsac yvelaferi saWiroze gacilebiT meti aqvs.

jguf `bulionis~ performansi 2009 wlis 9 oqtom-

bris saRamos Tanamedrove xelovnebis Tbilisis sa-

erTaSoriso gamofenis, `artisteriumis~ xalxmraval

gaxsnaze erT-erTi gamorCeuli movlena iyo. aq mxa-

tvrebi, rogorc sportsmenebi, monacvleobiT wevdnen

Stangas namdvili mwvrTnelis meTvalyureobis qveS.

qveda sarTulze gamarTuli es dokumentalistur-ar-

tistuli moqmedeba farTo ekranebzec aisaxeboda, risi

Tvalyuris devneba qarvaslaSi myof damTvalierebels

yvela kuTxidan SeeZlo. Tanamedrove xelovnebaSi gau-

TviTcnobierebeli damTvalierebeli SeiZleba verc ki

mimxvdariyo, Tu ra SuaSi iyo gamofenaze sportsmene-

bis gamosvla. swored aseTi strategia airCia `bulion-

ma~ _ xelovneba cxovrebisTvis miemsgavsebina, rogorc

es erT dros warmatebiT ganaxorciela pop-artma. Ta-

namedrove cxovreba, romelsac Tanamedrove xelovneba

aRar sWirdeba, an sWirdeba is ukve mxolodRa kultu-

ris saxiT, kulturis, rac, meoce saukunis mkveTrad

gamorCeuli da tragikulad ugulebelyofili filo-

sofosi qalis, simona veilis citatiT Tu vityviT, aris

universitetis profesorebis iaraRi universitetis

profesorebis sawarmoeblad.

`bulionis~ es performansi kuratorma natuka vawa-

Zem warmoadgina da aq is, rogorc wesi, TviTonve mo-

nawileobda Stangis awevaSi qal kolegasTan, mxatvar

katia qecbaiasTan erTad. rogorc jgufis kredoSi

vkiTxulobT, `Stangistebis proeqti~ mesame msoflios

qveynebis dasavluri gaerTianebebisken _ nato-sa da

evrokavSirisaken swrafvisTvis gamiznuli TvalSisa-

cemi fusfusis parodirebas axdens. erTTviani momza-

debis Sedegad jgufis artistebma profesionali Stan-

gistebiviT SeZles simZimeebis aweva. maTi gancxadebiT,

es aqcia simbolurad mianiSnebs evrokavSiris arawevri

qveynebis mcdelobas, mokle droSi daewion saerTaSo-

riso dasavlur standartebs. isini aseve exebian dasa-

vluri samyaros korporaciul eTikas, rac sportuli

TamaSis aTletur wesebs hgavs. proeqti raRacnairad

amkrTalebs sazRvrebs xelovnebas, sportsa da poli-

tikas Soris da gvTavazobs kombinirebul kulturul

bulions, sadac metad aRar arsebobs gamyofi sivrce.

jguf `bulionSi~ 7 xelovania gaerTianebuli: natuka

vawaZe, katia qecbaia, vasil maWaraZe, Temo qarTleliS-

vili, lado xaratiSvili, koka qitiaSvili da zura ki-

kvaZe.

mamuka jafariZem radio `mwvane talRasTan~ Tana-

mSromlobiT konceptualuri performansi, saxelwo-

debiT `radioqudi~ (radiohat) SemogvTavaza, romelic

`xelovneba xelovnebisaTvis~ modelis tipur nimuSad

SeiZleba CaiTvalos. moqmedeba abanoTubanSi, Wreli

12 cxeli Sokoladi

abanos mimdebare teritoriaze, Ria cis qveS midioda.

mxatvars Tan hqonda ramdenime yursasmeni, romlebsac

survilis SemTxvevaSi mayurebels ukeTebda da Tavze

rombisebur, yviTeli qaRaldis CaCs axuravda, romel-

sac mxolod Tvalebis adgilas hqonda mcire zomis na-

xvretebi gakeTebuli. yursasmenebSi Tbilisis, madri-

dis da romis xmauri ismoda. mayurebels SeeZlo evlo

gadamcemebs Soris da is xan erTi qalaqis xmas waawy-

deboda da xan meorisas, gadacemis arealidan gasvlis

SemTxvevaSi ki, mxolod SiSinis xmas gaigebda. mamuka ja-

fariZis es performansi aseve gamofenis erT saukeTso

namuSevrad unda CaiTvalos, romelic amarTlebda ro-

gorc gamofenis dasaxelebas, aseve Tanamedrove xelo-

vnebis puritanul moTxovnilebas arakomerciulobasa

da aramasobriobaze.

gamofenili eqsponatebidan semantikurad Zalze sain-

tereso aRmoCnda sofia CerqeziSvilis saSualo zomis

tiloebi saxelwodebiT ̀ sad xar exla~, 2008 wliT daTa-

riRebuli. es marTlac saukeTeso namuSevrebi iyo (`me-

Zina~, `vkargav moTminebas~) im namuSevrebs Soris, sadac

mxatvrebs teqsti aqvT gamoyenebuli. erTze vkiTxulo-

bT: `erTxel damesizmra, rom meZina. yvelaferi, rac

carielia, sizmaria~. meore namuSevari ki Sedgeba teqs-

tisgan: `me vkargav moTminebas am siTeTreSi, mapovnineT

is, rasac davkargav~. iisferis da TeTris kombinacia,

sazRvari teqstsa da fers Soris, avtoris xma da misi

momlodine dialogi mayurebelTan, adamianis figuris

konturebi, romlebic teqstiT aris savse _ yvela es

komponenti im diqotomiur diskurss warmoqmnida, rac

sofia CerqeziSvilis ferwerul tiloebs siRrmesa da

esTetikuri mouxelTeblobis gancdas sZenda.

orbelianis 31-Si mdebare `niu art kafeSi~ warmod-

genili iyo axalgazrda mxatvrebis jgufi saxelwode-

biT `maf~ _ media art farmi, romelic rusiko oatisa

da xaTuna xabulianis kuratorobiT Sedga. axalgazrda

mxatvrebi Tbilisis saxelmwifo akademiasTan arsebuli

optikuri warmosaxvis institutis studentebi arian,

romelsac vato wereTeli xelmZRvanelobs da sadac fo-

tografias da axal medias Seiswavlian. eqspozicia im-

denad uzadod da sasiamovnod iyo awyobili, iseve ro-

gorc am namuSevris yoveli calkeuli kompozicia, rom

TiTqmis ukve interieris da gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis

funqcias iTavsebda. jgufSi 6 axalgazrda mxatvaria ga-

erTianebuli: giorgi maxniaSvili, natalia Rlonti, nata

yifiani, giorgi dadiani, levan kapanaZe da nini alaviZe.

`artisteriumis~ mTavar saeqspozicio darbazSi ki

somex mwerals, filosofossa da artists misak xos-

tikians saintereso instalacia da koncefcia hqonda,

rom xelovneba verasodes daeweva im realobas, rasac

niusebi yovelTvis intensiurad faravs da masobrivad

avrcelebs. es erTi mxriv simarTlea _ xelovneba xom

yoveldRiuri procesebiviT aqtualuri ar aris da misi

propagandistul-humanuri motivaciebi politikurad

usargebloa. misak xostikiani gamofenaSi monawileobis

mowvevis dRidan yidulobda gazeT `jorjian Taimsis~

nomrebs da sxvadasxva saRebaviT Slida iq dabeWdil

mimoxilva

cxeli Sokoladi 13

teqstebs, tovebda mxolod fotoebs, romlebic ukve

konteqstidan sruliad amovardnilni axal istorie-

bad SeiZleboda gaerTianebuliyvnen. misi instalacia

am gazeTebiT, romelic gaRebul fanjaraSi gareTac

gadioda, sadac ukuRma mxridan (anu mesame sarTulze

garedan viRacisTvis dasanaxad, albaT angelozisTvis,

rogorc TviTon varaudobs) qaRaldi iyo mikruli far-

Tis gaqiravebis Sesaxeb informaciiT da mosaxevi tele-

fonis nomrebiT.

besas da laloselis (koka vaSakiZe, besa qarTleliS-

vili) obieqti `siyvaruli fexsacmliT~, romelic adre

Ria cis qveS iyo eqsponirebuli, arc sagamofeno dar-

bazSi kargavda aqtualobas. piriqiT, es erT-erTi im na-

muSevarTagani iyo, romelmac àrtisteriums~ SesamCnevi

gravitacia Seuqmna, isev swored namdvili saTqmelisa da

simboluri arainterpretirebadobis gamo. saerTod ki,

aq bevri namuSevari iyo fsiqologiuri, ilustraciuli

da simboluri, rasac siuzan zontagi Tanamedrove xe-

lovnebis naklad miiCnevs. aseve rolan bartic, danarCen

mkvlevrebTan erTad erTmniSvnelovnad miuTiTebs, rom

niSanTagan swored simbolo ar aris is, rac Tanamedrove

xelovnebas axasiaTebs. Tanamedrove xelovnebis maxasia-

Tebeli paradigma da sintagmaa. xolo zontagi aseT kri-

teriumad arainterpretaciulobas asaxelebs. am mxriv

sayuradReboa, rom koka vaSakiZem da besa qarTleliS-

vilma katalogSi proeqtis adrindeli koncefcia saja-

ro ganxilvisaTvis saerTod aRar gamoitanes da mxolod

TviT obieqti da saTauri datoves.

dRes mxatvrebi ikvleven yvelafers _ ekologias, so-

ciologias, politikas, fsiqoanalizs da semiotikas da

mere TiTqos am kvlevebis ilustraciebs gvTavazoben.

amis Semdeg ki kritikas (romelic, rogorc Tanamedrove

xelovnebis erTi mTavari samuSao Tezisi, àrtisteriu-

mze~ ar yofila, Tu ar CavTvliT TiTqmis cariel dar-

bazSi xaTuna xabulianis moxsenebas) TiTqmis araviTari

samuSao aRar rCeba. mas win ukve namuSevris gaSifruli

Sinaarsi aqvs. namuSevris, romelic, paradoqsulad, im

tradiciis nawilad acxadebs Tavs, sadac avtori domi-

nanti aRar aris.

sofo tabataZesTanac namuSevari sakuTar koncefcia-

zea mTlianad damokidebuli da masTanac es namuSevari

arasodes aris ilustracia. aq koncefciac da namuSe-

varic Tanabaruflebiani detalebia, saerTo sivrceSi

eqceva. SeiZleba, piriqiTac ki xdeba. masTan saTqmeli,

teqstia mTavari komponenti, danarCeni ki mxolod deko-

ratiuli gaformebaa, impersonalisturi fonia, magram

araviTar SemTxvevaSi _ ilustracia. swored es maxasia-

Tebeli gamoarCevs sofo tabataZis xelweras, rogorc

axali konceptualizmis originalur warmomadgenels.

man àrtisteriumze~ SemogvTavaza minimalisturi,

monotonuri da seriuli elementebisgan Semdgari te-

qstiluri dizainis sasiamovno instalacia da Tanmxle-

bi video `droSebidan yvavilebamde~, sadac wamoWrilia

socialuri problema, rom ideologiuri cxovrebidan

saxelmwifo realur mowesrigebul yofiT donemde

amaRldes.

mimoxilva

14 cxeli Sokoladi

wlevandeli gamofena imiTac iyo saintereso, rom man

sakuTar farglebSi meore artistul organizaciasac

gauwia maspinZloba. wels TbilisSi warmodgenili iyo

da calke darbazi hqonda daTmobili `CeCneTis sagan-

gaSo bienales~, romelic msoflios sxvadasxva qalaqSi

axorcielebs turnes da Tbilisi misTvis me-12 gaCereba

aRmoCnda. proeqts xelmZRvanelobs amerikaSi mcxovrebi

frangi kuratori evelin Juano. es aris aqtivisturi xe-

lovnebis proeqti, romelic cdilobs, CeCneTis politi-

kuri situaciis problema da misi ganadgurebuli kul-

turis saganagaSo mdgomareoba msoflios yuradRebis

arealSi moaqcios, rac sxvadasxva qveyanaSi xelovanTa

TanadgomiT da koleqtiur gamofenebSi Tanamonawileo-

biT xorcieldeba. yoveli aseTi gamofenis Semdeg ki CeC-

neTSi igzavneba erTi Cemodani gamofenis eqsponatebiT.

`CeCneTis sagangaSo bienales~ Tbilisur proeqts win

valter benjaminis citata uZRvis: `sagangaSo mdgoma-

reoba, romelSic Cven vcxovrobT, gamonaklisi ki ar

aris, aramed wesia~. Tumca, saeWvoa, es wesi marTlac

misaRebi iyos im qveynebis macxovreblebisTvis, sadac

es gamofena usafrTxod mogzaurobs da romelsac 2009

wlidan ori qarTveli artistic SeuerTda _ niko ce-

cxlaZe da iliko zautaSvili.

gamofenis farglebSi gaimarTa konferencia kavkasiis

regionSi Tanamedrove xelovnebis ganviTarebis pro-

blematikasTan dakavSirebiT, sadac saintereso moxse-

nebebi waikiTxes sofo tabataZem (`ratom ar weren mxa-

tvrebi sakuTari zaralisa da marcxis Sesaxeb, nacvlad

kredoebisa~), alena boikam (`msubuqad gakontrolebuli

anarqia~), xaTuna xabulianma (Tanamedrove xelovnebis

kritikis problemebis Sesaxeb).

avstralielma mxatvarma Carlz mervezerma msmenels

gaacno solomon r. gugenhaimis muzeumis axali filia-

lis Sesaxeb, romelic arabeTis gaerTianebuli emira-

tebis qalaqSi, abu dabiSi Sendeba da romelic Tana-

medrove xelovnebis globalizaciis gzaze erT-erTi

mniSvnelovani etapi iqneba. amasTan, es yvelaze didi

Senobaa gugenhaimis muzeumebs Soris msoflioSi, ro-

melic 30,000 kvadratul metrs daikavebs, da es Tana-

medrove xelovnebis pirveli seriozuli muzeumia ara-

bul samyaroSi.

cudia es Tu kargi, Tanamedrove xelovnebas mudmivad

Tan sdevs dilema _ imyofebodes artistuli isteriis

damalvisa da kulturuli egzaltirebis zRvarze, da

roca xelovneba biznesia, swored es dilemaa misi kor-

poraciuli savaWro niSani.

àrtisteriums~ ramdenime galerea da sivrce maspin-

Zlobda _ qarvasla, `niu art kafe~, goeTes instituti,

kavkasiuri saxli, gariyulas samxatvro saxelosno da

saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis auditoriumi.

8 oqtombers aseve àrtisteriumis~ farglebSi sa-

qarTvelos erovnul muzeumSi gaixsna ilia da kiril

zdaneviCebis vrceli eqspozicia, sadac warmodgeni-

lia saukunis dasawyisis Tbiliseli mxatvrebis mra-

vali saintereso eqsponati. mayurebels SeeZlo enaxa

iliazdis (ilia zdaneviCis) pablo pikasosTan da xuan

mirosTan TanamSromlobis amsaxveli naxatebi, mis mier

gaformebuli poeturi saRamoebis afiSebi terentievis

da kruCionixis monawileobiT, sxvadasxva periodis po-

eturi eqsperimentebi da kiril zdaneviCis ferweruli

tiloebi.

zdaneviCebma aRmoaCines firosmani. aRmoaCens Tu ara

dRes saqarTvelo im tradicias (da aramxolod samu-

zeumo an snobur diskursSi), romelsac erT-erT kori-

fed iliazdi hyavs, amas momavali wlebis àrtisteriu-

mi~ gviCvenebs.

mimoxilva

cxeli Sokoladi 15

Tu sabWoTa epoqis tipur, mravalsarTulian mikroraion-

Si gaizardeT (gldani, vazisubani, Temqa an saburTalo), Zne-

lad Tu SeeguebiT taatiT mcxovrebi avlabris an meidanis

riTms. Tavis droze mikroraionSi cxovreba propagandis-

tul miTs hgavda: sasiamovno, mosaxerxebeli da komfor-

tuli sacxovrebeli pirobebi, romelSic le korbuzies

arqiteqturis harmoniuli Tanacxovrebis utopia ganxor-

cielda. magram amave dros Tbilisis Zveli ubnebi Tavisi

arqiteqturuli da socialuri garemoTi TiTqos sxva dro-

Si darCa.

Cvens yuradRebas gansakuTrebiT beTlemi iqcevs, rome-

lic albaT yvelaze hermetul, TviTmyofad, sakuTar Ta-

vze koncentrirebul ubnad rCeba TbilisSi. erTdroulad

Ria da daxuruli qalaqis idea aq ucnauradaa Serwymuli.

mravalerovani, Wreli da multikulturuli samyaro so-

cialuri gaucxoebisagan aSkarad Sorsaa: iSviaTad naxavT

Zvirfas manqanebs, ar aris TvalismomWreli da moduri ma-

Raziebi, ar Sendeba ofisebi da Znelad muSaobs kapitalis-

turi urTierTobis logika. mokled, beTlemSi, romelic

cicabo ferdobzea Sefenili, yvelaferi TviTorganize-

bul riTmsa da cxovrebis wess emorCileba.

qarTul-polonuri erToblivi sazogadoebrivi xelov-

nebis proeqti beTlemis ubanSi _ `artzona~, swored Zveli

Tbilisis ubnis struqturul garemos da masTan cxovre-

biseul kavSirebs ikvlevs. proeqtis kuratoria xelovne-

bis Teoretikosi da arqiteqtori ioana varSa (poloneTi),

xolo koordinatori _ mxatvari da xelovani ana tabataZe.

swored isini urigebdnen specialur rukebs mnaxvelebs,

romelzec beTlebis RirsSesaniSnaobani da specialuri

`art-kerebia~ datanili. cnobili ̀ cisferi aivani~, aTeSga,

centraluri ezo, kerZo muzeumi, `fantastikuri duqani~

da a.S.

sazogadoebrivi xelovnebis proeqti rukaze datanili

wiTeli xazebiviT moxazavs beTlemis mikroraionis uZve-

les, uxmo da TviTmyofad art-samyaros. es siZvelis er-

Tgvar intervencias hgavs, sadac axali samyaros kerebi

TiTqos uZvelesi ubnis cxovrebaSi moulodnelad iWreba,

magram mis yoveldRiur nawilad iqceva. magaliTad, erT-

erTi qalbatonis bina maspinZlobs margo korabliovas

performans-jgufs, romlis damaarsebeli daviT CixlaZe

Semdeg amocanas isaxavs miznad: `Cven vimyofebiT binaSi,

magram yoveli wuTi artistuli TamaSiT da improvizaciiT

aris nakarnaxevi. nebismieri moqmedeba sinamdvileSi Tea-

traluria da amave dros moulodnelobis efeqtiT gamoir-

Ceva. da Tu quCaSi fanjridan CamoSvebul ankesze wamoc-

mul purs dainaxavT, ar mogeridoT, motexeT. iqneb gSiaT?

da es Cveni Ria TamaSis gagrZeleba iqneba. Tu gindaT, Ca-

erTeT am TamaSSi~.

iqve, axlos `cisfer aivanze~ sofo CerqeziSvilis er-

TwuTian videoarts uCveneben. kibeebze axvalT da Zvel

savarZelSi mokalaTebas ver moaswrebT, rom axalgazrda

Tu asakiani qalebis daucveloba-siZlieris 58-wamiani, mWa-

beTlemis uxmod artistuli manifestianu rogor SevTxzaT xelovnebis socialuri ena

avtori: daviT buxrikiZe

foto: qeTo caava

16 cxeli Sokoladi

mimoxilva

xe monologi CaTavdeba. avtori gvafrTxilebs, rom video-

arti `eZRvneba qalebs, romlebic ar tirian~. Tumca mS-

venieri, oqrosferi Semodgomis amindia da motiralni ar

Segvxvedrian...

beTlemis SedarebiT zemo ubanSi somexi xelovanis karen

andreasianis virtualur sofel gogCaberds waawydebiT,

romelic erevanTan axlos mdebareobda. sabWoTa epoqis

ayvavebuli sofeli mewyeris Sedegad TiTqmis ganadgurda.

mxatvari da konstruqtori videosa da maketis daxmarebiT

aRadgens am sofels, romelsac geofizikur da politikur

datvirTvas aniWebs. `centralur ezoSi~ ki germaneli xe-

lovanebi _ pir Sulci da diana makarti `beqiardradios~

qmnian. mitovebul ezoSi radiodan Semomavali sxvadasxva

xma qmnis Zlier da audiovizualur samyaros, romelSic

TiTqos samyaros damangreveli cvlilebebi aisaxeba. am

arakomerciuli radios saSualebiT Tqven daviwyebul xme-

bsa da SegrZnebebs ibrunebT.

mxatvari, fermweri da instalatori mamuka jafariZe

cecxlTayvanismcemelTa mier mexuTe saukeuneSi agebul

aTeSgas taZarSi (romelic mogvianebiT meCeTad iqca) cdi-

lobs, semiotikuri savarjiSo da rituali garemos moar-

gos. siZvelis pativiscemis miRma ki Tanamedrove xelova-

nis daucxromeli survili imaleba _ Secvalos samyaro da

Tavadac Seicvalos; iseve, rogorc berlinSi mcxovrebi

qarTveli xelovani sofo tabataZe cdilobs, plastmasis

yvavilebisa da Zveli balkonebis ironiuli gaTamaSebiT

dagvanaxos 2003 wlis Semdeg momxdari mentaluri cvli-

lebebi: sicocxle da sinamdvile iq arsebobs, sadac rea-

lobisadmi xelovans araerTmniSvnelovani, kritikuli da

aucileblad sakuTari damokidebuleba aqvs. dRevandel

rTul, socialur viTarebaSi art-konteqsti sul ufro

mniSvnelovania.

sruliad moulodnel ganzomilebas iZens poloneli mxa-

tvrisa da performatoris, pavel altameris video-perfor-

mansi `brudno~, romelic asaxavs Tanamedrove xelovanis

rols da adgils urbanistul garemoSi. varSavis erT-erT

mikroraionSi man mosaxleobas sTxova, Cabnelebul fanjre-

bSi sinaTlis daxmarebiT daeweraT cifri 2000, rasac mo-

gvianebiT mileniumis proeqti ewoda. 2005 wels ki igi samas

moxalisesTan erTad venaSi, evroparlamentis Senobis win

kosmonavtis formaSi gamowyobili mivida... mTeli dedamiwis

saxeliT da patara ekologiuri performansi Caatara.

Svedma xelovnebis kuratorma sergei Cerepninma (rome-

lic, sxvaTa Soris, TbilisSi 20-ian wlebSi mcxovrebi rusi

kompozitoris, nikolai Cerepninis SviliSvilia) mxatvar

gela pataSuris studiaSi originaluri parformansi mo-

awyo _ leptopis saSualebiT Tbilisuri gareubnebisa da

mobilur telefonebze Cawerili musika gaaerTiana. da

vidre publika yoveldRiuri banalurobis daviwyebas Ce-

repninis `cisartyelas spiralebis~ saSualebiT cdilobda,

performansiT arcTu didi xnis win moxibluli jgufi `bu-

lioni~ beTlemis erT mitovebul, dangrevis piras misul

cxeli Sokoladi 17

saxlSi avejis narCenebs mondomebiT anadgurebda. art-

jgufi `bulioni~ 2008 wels Seiqmna da male garkveul ar-

tistul wreSi popularulic gaxda. `bulionelebi~ (ori

gogona da xuTi vaJi) warmoadgendnen proeqts `bina~, sa-

dac isini cdiloben, gamoavlinon konfliqti nivTebsa da

adamianebs, konformizmsa da nonkonformizms Soris.

Ria sivrce warmatebiT aiTvisa performatorulma Tea-

trma saxelwodebiT òsmego dnia~ (`merve dRis~ Teatri),

romelmac daRamebisas giganturi, cecxlovani xomaldiT

`vardebis moedanze~ sasiamovno Soki mohgvara publikas.

es quCisa da ritualis Teatris dResaswauli iyo, rac

samwuxarod ase iSviaTia qarTul kulturul sivrceSi.

xolo Tu garkveul analogiebze midgeba saqme, polonuri

Teatri ufro bakur bakuraZis `moZraobis Teatrs~ mo-

gvagonebs. mcire Teatraluri `gamonaTeba~ SemogvTava-

za aseve polonurma performans-jgufma `fata morgana~,

romlis warmodgena sacurao auzze Sebindebisas gaimar-

Ta. reklamisa da iluziis riTmaze agebuli es sanaxaoba

niSnebis macdur cvalebadobas asaxavs: sakmarisia TeTri

naWeri kontraJuriT ganaTdes, rom warwera sxva Sinaarss

iZens. anu publika sinaTlisa da Crdilis monacvleobiT

samyaros iluziis mowme xdeba... rogorc cirkSi.

oqtombris dReebis art-qronikam beTlemSi dagvanaxa,

rom Tanamedrove xelovneba, didi xania, gascda viwro

socialur Tu nacionalur CarCoebs da udidesi komu-

nikaciuri funqcia SeiZina. swored am ideas emsaxureba

proeqti àrtzona~, romelic polonuri kulturisa da ur-

TierTobis centrma, poloneTis kulturis saministrosa da

Tbilisis meriis mxardaWeriT ganaxorciela. rogorc pro-

eqtis koordinatori ana tabataZe ambobs, `paradoqsulia,

magram swored Zveli qalaqis ganumeorebeli landSafti da

istoria aZlevs xelovans STagonebis impulsebs, romelic

exmareba mas siaxlis gacnobierebis aucileblobaSi~.

cxadia, roca qalaqis ubnebi mxolod viwro istoriul,

utilitarul an socialur datvirTvas ar atarebs da igi

xelovnebis (arqiteqturis) nawiladac aRiqmeba, misadmi da-

mokidebuleba da perspeqtivac icvleba. beTlemi swored

is ubania, romelic Zveli Tbilisis iers gansazRvravs da

es niSnavs, rom misadmi interesi momavalSi kidev ufro

gaizrdeba. STagonebis wyaros ki xelovani swored amgvar

garemoSi eZebs. Tbilisis istoriuli quCebi da moednebi

xom unikaluri warsulis, yofis, artisa da socialuri ga-

remos gadakveTas bunebrivad gulisxmobs. yovelgvari xe-

lovnuri Seneba-SeRebvis gareSe. àrt-zona~ am SemTxvevaSi

mxolod daxmarebis saSualebaa. imedia polonur-qarTuli

proeqtebi sxva zonebzec gavrceldeba. bolos da bolos,

yvelgan xom ver waawydebiT `fantastikur duqans~, sadac

meoce saukunis 20-iani wlebis Tbilisur avangards SeigrZ-

nobT?! an cnobil `futuristul sindikatze~ mogiTxrobT

vinme, `cisferyanwelebze~ rom araferi vTqvaT.

yoveli aseTi àrt-zona~ kargi saSualebaa, raTa wlebis

ganmavlobaSi dakarguli an waSlili warsuli davibrunoT.

18 cxeli Sokoladi

mimoxilva

gantvirTva kargia. Tanac kargi gantvirTva. miT umetes,

Tuki es xangrZlivi samuSao periodis Semdeg xdeba, Tan rac

SeiZleba saintereso adgilas, mravalferovani STabeWdile-

bebis da emociis fonze... magaliTad, ekleqturi interieris

mqone sivrceSi, pikantur samzareulosa da mravalferovani

koqteilebis TanxlebiT. xolo Tu am yvelafers cocxali,

gemovnebiani musika erTvis, maSin xom, erTi cnobili gamoTq-

mis ar iyos _ `SeuTavse sasiamovno sasargebloso~, mTlad ise

yofila Seni saqme! aseTi adgili Tbilisis erT-erT kolori-

tul ubanSi da bolo dros Tanamedroved rekonstruirebul

bambis rigis 7 nomerSi klub-restorani Two Side Party Club-ia,

sadac kviris TiToeul dRes winaswar ici, Tu rogor musikas

moismen. cocxali SemoqmedebiTi saRamoebidan gamomdinare,

isic advili misaxvedria, rom klub-restornis mTavari Rir-

seba mxolod interieri da gemrieli kerZebi ar gaxlavT.

... qalaqis monotonuri ritmisgan Tavis dasaRwevad, klubis

mravalferovan sivrceSi, Two Side Party Club -isTvis gansazR-

vruli asakobrivi kategoriis (25 wlis zeviT) publika, 6 saaTi-

dan iyris Tavs. odnav mogvianebiT ki stumrebis yurTasmenas

varskvlavuri xmebi ipyroben. usmen Two Side Party Club-is sa-

avtoro Live bendis mier aJRerebul kompoziciebs da cnobil

momRerlebs, romlebic repertuars amofarebuli varskvla-

vebi gegona, magram grZnob, rom axla, swored am wuTas sagan-

gebod SenTvis ixarjebian... jazi, bluzi, samba, popmusika Two

Side Party Club-Si mxolod gansazRvrul musikalur repertu-

ars, gansazRvruli programiTa da Tematuri saRamoebiT gTa-

vazoben. popularul hitebs sagangebod klub-restoranSi

Tavmoyrili auditoriisTvis kviris sxvadasxva dRes: dueti

`jorjia~, qeTi faresaSvili, levan lazariSvili, nodiko

tatiSvili, anano mJavia, xaTuna jalaRonia, maka gamyreliZe,

Tina janeliZe da sxvebi asruleben daviT iluriZis, jarji

maRalaSvilis an moZraobis Teatris bendis TanxlebiT. gagi-

mxelT imasac, rom romelime Tematur saRamoze moxvedrisas,

klub-restorani odnav saxecvlili dekoraciiT, Sesabamisi

meniuTi da TemasTan misadagebuli ganwyobiT gimaspinZlebT.

es yvelaferi ki msmenelisTvis seriozuli argumentia saimi-

sod, rom ganwyobisTvis Sesaferisi musika SearCio, Two Side

Party Club-s estumro, mogvianebiT ki DJ-s mier SemoTavazebu-

li musikaluri programac (80-iani wlebidan dRemde moyole-

buli popularuli hitebi) moismino da dilamde dadebiTi

musikaluri energiiT daimuxto. emociis gamosaxatavad Two

Side Party Club-Si droc bevria da adgilic.

cocxali musikis moyvarulebs!

`Cven ukve viciT, rom dro, romelSic vcxovrobT, politiku-

rad Tu socialurad swrafad cvalebadia da SeuniRbavad sasti-

ki; rom samyaroSi raRac ufro saSiSi gaCnda da adamianurobis

cneba warsuls Cabarda. amitomac momavali aRar gvwyalobs da

aRar gvlocavs... Teatris saSualebiT ubralod vacnobierebT,

rom Cven dafarul SiSebs, didi xania, farda aexada. xolo so-

fokles, Seqspiris, molieris an goeTes kiTxvisas xelaxla aR-

movaCenT, rom isini RmerTma gvaCuqa, raTa sakuTari Tavi ukeT

SevicnoT. aRelvebulni da SeSinebulni, Cveni saTqmelis ukeT

gamosaxatad Sesaferis formas veZebT... da am dros Teatris es

didebuli `winaprebi” erT umniSvnelovanes SekiTxvaze pasuxis

gacemisken gvaqezeben da gvibiZgeben: ra SegviZlia, siyvarulis

garda, am qveynad daeWvebis gareSe miviRoT?!~

es aris fragmenti poloneli reJisoris, ianuS viSnievskis

gamosvlidan, romelic man TesalonikSi, `evropuli Teatris

konvenciis” asambleaze waikiTxa. moaruli mosazreba, rom

aRmzrdelobiT-humanisturi Teatris dro dasrulda da axla

metateqstisa da cinikuri mediis droa, mis mier dadgmulma Se-

qspiris `qariSxalmac~ daadastura. sakmaod xmauriani prelu-

diiTa da msuye biujetiT gamorCeul, Tbilisis saerTaSoriso

Teatraluri festivalis erT-erTi yvelaze rTul da mrava-

lucnobian speqtaklSi, romelic viSnievskim poznanis `novi Te-

atrSi~ dadga, SeuZlebelia, gaigo, vin aris mTavari personaJi,

prospero _ keTili jadoqari Tu groteskuli sizmris saSiSi

mTxrobeli, feradi mezRapre Tu Sav-TeTri imitatori, vnebe-

biT datvirTuli dramisa Tu msubuqi burleskis personaJi...

iqneb es simboluricaa. Seqspiris ukanaskneli, yvelaze ga-

moucnobi da mistikuri piesis samyaro TiTqos Tbilisis sa-

erTaSoriso Teatraluri festivalis dasawyiss aireklavs _

daaxloebiT iseTive absurduli, sizmriseuli, dramatuli Tu

groteskuli samyaroTi. absurduli imitom, rom msxvili da

ukve moTelili Teatraluri festivali (mixeil TumaniSvilis

saxelobis) ukve arsebobda da ra saWiro iyo daaxloebiT imave

periodSi paraleluri festivalis Catareba. totaluri kri-

zisis Jams, roca lamisaa, `qamrebi~ qveynis rCeulebmac nebayo-

flobiT Tu sxvaTa dasanaxad SemoiWiron, ormilioniani biuje-

ti cotaTi grotesks hgavs da ufro metad sizmars. dramatuli

ki imitom, rom gvinda Tu ara, vxedavT Tu ara, unda vaRiaroT,

rom axaldaarsebulma, udavod kargma da xarisxianma Teatra-

lurma festivalma (romelic or ZiriTad veSaps _ kulturis

saministrosa da qalaqis merias eyrdnoba) arseboba, sxva festi-

valis politikuri angariSsworebiT Tu ara, masze gadabijebiT

daiwyo... da es odnav cinikuria da ufro metad gulsatkeni.

sxvaTa Soris, TumaniSvilis saxelobis festivali daaxloe-

biT aTjer ufro mcire biujetiT daaxloebiT imave donis spe-

naxtomi sicarieleSiTbilisis saerTaSoriso Teatraluri festivali

_ politikuri ubiwobidan

esTetikur windacveTamde

daviT buxrikiZe

20 cxeli Sokoladi

1, `fausti~

2. `fausti~

3. `voiceki~

4. `romeo da julieta~

5. `zigmundis oinebi~

1

2

3

4

5

mimoxilva

qtaklebis Camotanas mainc axerxebda. cxadia, ara yovelTvis da

ara bolo wlebSi. magram dRes amgvari dramatuli paralelebi

Tu diskursi, ukve unayofoa da sxva Janrisken wagviyvans. ami-

tom miviRoT rac moxda da SevafasoT, rac davinaxeT. pirvel

rigSi is, rom Tbilisis saerTaSoriso festivalma moaxerxa gav-

leniani evropuli Teatraluri organizaciebisa da festivale-

bis direqtorTa yuradRebis mipyroba. is ukve saerTaSoriso-

safestivalo sivrceSi moeqca da perspeqtiva aSkarad aqvs.

evrosabWom Tbilisis festivali `kulturul movlenad~

aRiara, rasac mxolod gavleniani da kulturuli inovaciebiT

gamorCeuli proeqtebi imsaxureben. es ki festivalis direqto-

ris da mrCevelTa sabWos wevris, eka mazmiSvilis damsaxure-

baa. aranakleb mniSvnelovania evrosabWos generaluri mdiv-

nis, teri devisis Sefaseba da ucxoel Teatralur eqspertTa

msxvili `desantis~ Semoseva qarTul TeatrebSi. evropuli da

aziuri qveynebis 14 da sxvadasxva qarTul TeatrSi dadgmuli

28 speqtakli _ aseTia Tbilisis pirveli festivalis erTi Se-

xedviT martivi ariTmetika, romlis miRma rTuli da Wreli Te-

atraluri realoba irekleba.

pirvel rigSi saukeTeso ucxouri speqtaklebis da cxadia,

xarisxiani litvelebis Sesaxeb _ pirquSi klasikosi eimuntas

nekroSiusi da àxali evropuli Teatris~ imedi arturas kor-

Sunovasi. nekroSiusma goeTes `faustis~ mixedviT dadgmul

5-saaTian speqtaklSi gasaRebs isev avtoriseul metaforebSi

miagno. ganwirulia faustis (nekroSiusis Teatris muza, cno-

bili msaxiobi vladas bagdonasi) swrafva sakuTar gaxleCil

gonebaSi samyaros mTlianoba aRadginos. gigantur Zvlebze

Semomjdari gretheni (brwyinvale elJbeta latenaite) misi Se-

cdomisa da martosulobis msxverpli ufroa, vidre mefisto-

felis (salvius trepulisi) tragikul-damcinavi oinbazobisa.

reJisori faustis istorias sakuTar `koordinatTa sistemaSi~,

anu scenur metaforebSi aqcevs. nekroSiusis Teatri gansaku-

Trebuli movlenaa, scenuri materiis qsovis gansacvifrebeli

xelovneba, romlis gareSec warmoudgenelia Tavad Teatralu-

ri magia. mis speqtaklebSi adamiani TiTqos samyaros winaSe,

ufro zustad, stiqiebis winaSe marto rCeba. miwa, cecxli Tu

haeri qmnis civilizacias mowyvetili adamianis egzistenciis

metaforas. neli, gawelili ritmi da epikuri masStabi usaTuod

did dros da sivrces saWiroebs, rac caitnotSi myofi dRevan-

deli adamianisTvis xSirad warmoudgenelia.

arturas korSunovasi `romeo da julietaSi~ piceriaSi da-

trialebul tragedias fqvilis siTeTriTa da comis elastiku-

robiT gaaTamaSebs. plus neorealisturi filmebis parodia, 50-

iani wlebis kinos xmauriani da komunikabeluri personaJebi da

neapoluri simRerebis atmosfero. montegebisa da kapuletebis

`comeulis omi~, cxadia, parodiaa, magram garkveul dromde,

vidre warmodgenis yvelaze kaSkaSa varskvlavi _ dainius ka-

zlauskasi (merkucio) danebiT duels ar gaumarTavs koWl da

dakompleqsebul tibalts (darius gumauskasi).

da mxolod meore aqtSi, roca pirvel vnebasa da poetur

uSualobas sikvdili Secvlis, fqvili _ anu sicocxlis sawyisi,

samyaros mtvrad anu sikvdilad iqceva. saukunovan zizRsa da

dapirispirebas mxolod gamanadgurebeli ironia da gulwrfe-

li, axirebuli siyvaruli amarcxebs da es odnav uxeSi mesiji

cxadad gaismis finalSi. avanscenaze Camwkrivebuli personaJebi

isev fqvils crian, xolo ukve gardacvlili romeo da julieta

(giedrius saviCkasi da rasa samuolite) gigantur sacome qvabSi

patara bavSvebiviT trialeben... albaT aseTi sikvdili da siyva-

ruli amoZravebs samyaros.

aranakleb saintereso gamodga axalgazrda litvuri Teatris

Ria gakveTiliviT uSualo da improvizaciaze agebuli patara

warmodgena `Ria wre~, romelic ZiriTadad msaxiobTa avtobio-

grafiul faqtebs eyrdnoba. es aris patara istoriebi, rom-

lebsac wreSi Camwkrivebuli, skamebze mokalaTebuli mxiaruli

msaxiobebi lirikuli aRsarebasaviT gviziareben. samyaro daun-

dobelia, magram poeturic. unda Seecado Secvalo, magram ara-

vis ebrZolo... unda imkurnalo, magram ar gabrazde, STaagono,

magram Wkua aravis daarigo. rac mTavaria, msaxiobebi ar gaur-

bian Tamam improvizaciul TamaSebs da sruliad gamorCeul

Teatralur enaze metyveleben, romelic mixeil TumaniSvilis

erT dros brwyinvale Teatraluri saxelosnos pirvel nabije-

bs gvagonebs. am speqtakliT kidev erTi axalgazrda litveli

reJisori, aidas giniotisi aRmosavleT evropaSi erTob popu-

laruli gaxda, xolo `Ria wres~ nacionaluri premia _ òqros

scenis gzajvaredini~ mieniWa.

vidre marjaniSvilis TeatrSi qalaq poznanis dasi Seqspi-

ris `qariSxals~ Sav-TeTri grafikiTa da parodiiT azavebda,

xolo reJisori viSnievski Seqspirs `dasaxmareblad SeaSveleb-

da~ eliots, odensa da fsalmunTa teqsts, musikalur centrSi

`mocekvave derviSebi~ rokavdnen. eqvsi mocekvave mamakaci `sema

jgufidan~ (stambolis cekvisa da xelovnebis centri) sufis

tradiciebsa da klasikuri Turquli musikis tradiciebs axal

ganzomilebas aniWebs. cxadia, ès ar aris Teatri~, rogorc

speqtaklidan gamosuli da odnav imedgacruebuli mayurebe-

li aRniSnavda. magram ritualuri cekva zanzalakebiT da Ta-

vbrudamxvevi, religiasTan cotaTi gariTmuli sanaxaoba arc

ise xSiri sanaxavia, rom erT saaTSi mogbezrdes. arada, preten-

ziul mayurebels Tavisuflad SeeZlo, derviSebis cekva male

daeviwyebina evropuli laiv-speqtaklebis Semdeg.

maS ase, Teatraluri proeqtebi sastumroebSi _ frangul-

xorvatuli ìse ra~ `Tbilisi meriotis~ nomerSi da Sveduri

`heterofili~ `qorTiad meriotis~ interierSi. pirveli war-

modgena frangi avtoris, sofi kales intimuri fantaziisa da

fsiqoanalitikuri azrovnebis nayofia. qorwinebis, ganqorwine-

bisa Tu intimuri cxovrebis scenebi `meriotis~ nomerSi TamaS-

deba. daaxloebiT oci-ocdaxuTi mayurebeli gaSlili logini-

sa da uwesrigod mimoyrili nivTebis fonze ori qalisa da erTi

mamakacis istorias adevnebs Tvalyurs. marTalia, avtorsac

(sofi kale) da reJisorsac (branko brezoveCi) cota gemovneba

da iumoris grZnoba RalatobT, magram Tanamonawileobisa Tu

miCqmaluli `laiv-intimis~ gancda mainc geuflebaT.

ufro ukeTesia Sveduri speqtakli `heterofili~, romelic

qali-reJisoris kristina ozounidis intimur aRsarebas er-

Tgvar skandaluri Canawerebisa Tu lingvisturi TamaSis el-

fers aniWebs. qalebi, homoseqsualizmi da Zaladoba is popu-

laruli Temebia, romlis analizsac reJisori ènjeoSnikuri~

cxeli Sokoladi 21

mimoxilva

ynosviTa da provokaciulobiT axerxebs. iqneb Cven gacilebiT

ironiuli damokidebuleba gvaqvs amgvari intimuri performan-

sis mimarT, magram obieqturobisTvis erTi Svedi Teatraluri

kritikosis mosazrebasac gagacnobT: `es aris feTqebadi si-

tyvebi, vnebebis kaskadi da filosofiuri dinamiti. speqtaklis

SesavalSi realoba fotofiris negativzea asaxuli... es SesaniS-

navi da Zlieri sanaxaobaa, es Tavisuflebis manifestia~.

formisa da Sinaarsis Tavisufleba, yovelgvari manifestisa

da seqsualuri Zaladobis gareSe, ufro kargad igrZnoba filip

Jantis cnobil speqtaklSi ̀ zigmundis oinebi~. am reJisoris Se-

moqmedebas saqarTveloSi pirvelad gaecnen. Jantis Teatralu-

ri kompania bevrs mogzaurobs da TiTqos yvela qveynis kultu-

ris gamocdilebas agrovebs. filip Janti poeturi iluziis da

Crdilebis imitatoria. xelebiT, sxeulis nawilebiTa da apli-

kaciiT Seqmnili misi personaJebi usasrulobaSi ise daqrian,

rogorc sizmarSi. ixseneben daviwyebul warsuls, emociebs, Si-

Sebs, siyvaruls, romelic mxolod sustad gakrTeba Soreuli

varskvlaviviT da mere qreba... Teatri, romelSic samyaro da

msaxiobi materialur sagnebsa da nivTebs upirispirdeba; Tea-

tri, sadac iluzia xelSesaxebi da sagnobrivia, poeturi da po-

eturad martivi. raRaciT Jantis speqtaklebi rezo gabriaZis

speqtaklebs mogagonebT, romlebSic moSlilia realobisa da

logikis sazRvrebi da mayurebelic am sazRvrebs miRma siamov-

nebiT mogzaurobs, ufro zustad _ dafrinavs.

cekvisa da fizikuri Teatris moduri tendenciebi Tbili-

sur festivalzec garkveulwilad aisaxa. magaliTad brita-

nuli kompania Gecko cdilobs, gogolis genialur `SinelSi~

erT-erT kompaniaSi momuSave akaki akakieviCis (amit lahavi _

Teatraluri kompaniis reJisori da msaxiobi) survilebi amoi-

kiTxos. saocnebo qalis _ natalias moxibvlas didi Zalisxmeva

da, rac mTavaria, konkurentebis damarcxeba sWirdeba. `Sineli~

survilebis mistikuri obieqti ki ara, socialur safexurze

gamarjvebisaTvis dawesebuli jildoa. swored realobas da

survilebs Soris konfliqts gamoxataven msaxiobTa natifad

moZravi sxeulebi. iseve, rogorc zustia da ironiuli erotiu-

li mizanscenebi, daxvewili kostiumebi da TiTqmis idealuri

sinqronuloba. 20-iani wlebisa da munji kinos atmosfero xazs

usvams sasceno enis groteskulobas da gamomsaxvelobiT simdi-

dres.

aRmosavluri aqcenti festivalze politkoreqtulad da

sanimuSo evropuli sizustiT daicva koreulma kompania `sa-

darma~, romlis damfuZnebeli da reJisori do-van imi gvTava-

zobs georg biuxneris `voicekis~ sruliad gansxvavebul ver-

sias. scenur rekvizits mxolod xis skamebi warmoadgens, rac

reJisoris qoreo-fantazias mxolod axelebs. saaTisa da oci

wuTis ganmavlobaSi moqnili sxeulebis namdvil polifonias

`moismenT~, romlis miRma sakmaod Znelia `voicekis~ siuJetis

amokiTxva. samagierod speqtaklSi uxvadaa gabneuli efeqtu-

ri nomrebi brodveis stilSi: skamze gaTamaSebuli scenebiTa

da sinqronuli malayebiT, rac Tavis droze genialurma bob

fosma klasikad aqcia. evropul-aRmosavluri gamocdileba da

franguli qoreografiis gakveTilebi Zalian exmareba reJi-

sors saerTaSoriso Teatraluri koniunqtura aiTvisos. mard

22 cxeli Sokoladi

1, `voiceki~

2. `qalebis istoria~

3. `Sineli~

4. `qariSxali~

1

3

4

2

mimoxilva

aRmosavlur sxeulebs, treningisa da evropuli repertuaris

wyalobiT, mraval saerTaSoriso festivalze waawydebiT. misa-

salmebelia, rom am geografiul nusxaSi saqarTveloc moxvda.

aranakleb sainteso aRmoCnda mxolod qalebisgan Semdgari

koreuli dasis `Knua-sa kompaniis~ mier warmodgenili `qale-

bis istoria~, romelSic sxeulebis moZraobebi Ramis momTenTav

sigriles Seerwya. amisTvis maT mxolod 40 wuTi sWirdebaT.

es aris uZvelesi koreuli tradiciis mixedviT gaTamaSebuli

istoriis qoreoversia. Wis irgvliv qalebi ikribebian, sarecxs

avleben da ubralo, lamis arafrismTqmel da asinqronul mo-

Zraobebs namdvil poeziad aqceven. isini TiTqos am sarecxiT

bediswerasa da sakuTar sxeulebs eTamaSebian. Cveni azriT, es

patara qoreografiuli opusi festivalis erT-erTi yvelaze

saintereso movlena iyo. cxadia, sxva speqtaklebTan erTad.

saerTaSoriso starti anu festivalis naxtomi sicarieleSi,

evraziuli Teatraluri sivrcis asaTviseblad arcTu uiRblo

gamodga. cxadia, SeiZleboda ukeTesad organizebuli da ufro

metad reklamirebulic yofiliyo. da mainc, pirveli puri Zvi-

rad, magram mainc gamocxva. Teatralebi ki ukve meore festi-

vals elian _ ufro kargsa da sainteresos. qarTuli programa

Tavisi premierebiT (sruliad Segnebulad) calke SemovinaxeT.

maT Sesaxeb vrcel opuss mkiTxvels sxva dros SevTavazebT.

kafe BELLE DE JOUR ori wlisaa!

isini, visac franguli garemo izidavs, an ubralod

gemrieli kerZebis dagemovnebis survili uCndebaT,

ukve ori welia, abaSiZis quCaze mdebare kafe Belle de

Jour-s stumroben. maT ki, vinc am kafes arsebobis Sesaxeb

axlaxan SeityveT, girCevT parizul kafes misadagebul

interierSi salaTi an steiki `bel de Juri~, gnebavT,

gamomcxvari axalzelandiuri midia miirTvaT... anda

egzotikuri cnobismoyvareoba daikmayofiloT da Semwvar

bayays grebeSis sousiT gausinjoT gemo. TumcaRa, kafes

mTavari Rirseba mxolod interieri da kulinariuli

miRwevebi ar gaxlavT. orwliani arsebobis manZilze Belle de Jour-ma sazogadoebas Tavi ramdenime

saavtoro kulturuli proeqtiTac daamaxsovra. gamosca sami (DJ Taho-s, nikakoisa da nasTias)

kompaqt diski. mimdinare wlis zafxulSi ki kafeSi fotogamofena gaixsna, romelSic sxvadasxva

avtorebma (ana niJaraZem, goga devdarianma, tato kotetiSvilma, samonazvne rebeka xositaSvilma,

dima CikvaiZem da sxvebma) miiRes monawileoba da javaxeTsa da samaCabloSi asaxuli dokumenturi

kadrebi gamofenis Tematikas miusadages.

amgvari SemoqmedebiTi cxovrebis mqone kafes Tamamad SeeZlo 2 wlis iubile isev kulturul

movlenad eqcia da 13 oqtombers saiubileo TariRi pompezuradac aReniSna, Tumca kafes

mesveurebma im saRamos amjobines mxolod `Sinauruli wre~ _ yvelaze erTguli da mudmivi

klientura SeekribaT. saiubileo saRamos dijei Taho-s mier aJRerebuli musikis hangebi

gaismoda.eleqtronuli riTmebi, msubuqi alkoholi da sagangebod dajavSnul magidebze

megobrebTan erTad Camjdari auditoria _ aseTi gaxldaT Belle de Jour-is mokrZalebuli iubile.

aratradiciul dabadebis dRes ki erTi tradiciuli sadResaswaulo atributi mainc axlda _ aba,

dabadebis dRe tortis gareSe vis gaugia!

taimauti

24 cxeli Sokoladi

1, `qariSxali~

2. `Ria wre~

3. `ise ra~

1

2

3

mimoxilva

avtori: maia cecaZe

axvledianisa (perovskaias) da Sardenis quCebis garda, bolo

2 wlis manZilze aSkarad gamoikveTa abaSiZis (barnovis) quCis

rolic qarTuli sarestorno saqmis ganviTarebaSi. marTalia,

am `ganviTarebaSi~ raime gansakuTrebuli Zvrebi ar SeiniSneba,

miT umetes krizisis fonze, Tumca aSkaraa, rom zogierTi res-

torani indomebs da ar surs mxolod raRac snoburi Tbilisu-

ri auris xarjze arseboba.

vakeSi ramdenime kafe Tu restorania aseTi auriT Semosi-

li, romelsac sruliad uferuli samzareulo aqvs da verc

momsaxurebiT daikvexnis. aq mxolod personaluri legendebi

iTxzveba da gastronomiasTan, miT umetes, gastronomiul kul-

turasTan, maT cota ram aqvT saerTo. am tipis dawesebulebebze

sxvagan SevCerdebiT, imedi maqvs, mova dro, roca bolomde amo-

vikiTxavT maTi `xiblis~ mizezebs da iqauri filosofiis Ziri-

Tad cnebebsac CamovayalibebT. amaT garda, abaSiZis quCaze da

mis paralelur faliaSvilze mainc SeiZleba ramdenime sainte-

reseso, gemovnebiani da mravalferovani restornis gamorCeva,

sadac aSkarad cdiloben Wirveuli qarTuli piris gemos mor-

julebas. erT-erTi aseTi restorania `mediteranea~, romelic,

rogorc saxelidan Cans, mTlianad xmelTaSuazRvispirul sa-

mzareulos moicavs da frangul an italiur samzareulosTan

erTad aq berZnuli da espanuri kulinariis kvalsac ipoviT.

restornis adgilmdebareobaSi araferia xmelTaSuazRvis-

piruli _ 50-60-ian wlebSi aSenebuli sabWoTa saxlis pirveli

sarTuli, grZivi, gaerTianebuli oTaxebiT da Sida ezoSi gasas-

vleliT, romelic, garegnoba rom ar uSlides xels, ufro ams-

terdamuli saxlisTvis SegveZlo Segvedarebina, vidre medite-

ranulisTvis. am myudro restoranSi ver naxavT darbazs, verc

xedebiT datkbebiT, restorani erTi viwro gasasvlelia, kedle-

bTan magidebiT, Tumca swored amis gamo da kidev erTi-ori atri-

butis wyalobiT, iqmneba is Sinauruli atmosfero, romelic

restoranSi SesvlisTanave igrZnoba.

am restornisTvis aseve ucxoa is `vakuri amaoeba~, romelic

zogjer Zalian TvalSi sacemia xolme sxvagan. me pirvel rigSi

sigrile vigrZeni, radgan jer kidev 17:00 iyo, roca `meditera-

neaSi~ Sevabije da imdRevandeli sicxiT daqanculma vrceli me-

nius TvalierebiT daviwye Zalebis aRdgena, radgan interierSi

araferi iyo gansakuTrebuli, iseTi, rom yuradReba mieqcia da

cota xniT mainc gavetacebine.

restoranSi sakmaod mkrTali ganaTebaa, sadac qaRaldis sana-

Turebidan wiTeli feri iRvreba. aris damatebiTi Suqic, Tumca

mainc ajobebs sinaTlis bunebriv wyarosTan axlos daikavoT

adgili. swored aseTi aRmoCnda is magida, romelTanac Cven mo-

vxvdiT, fanjarasTan.

`mediteraneaSi~ Zalian kargi meniua, romelic à la carte menius

principiTaa gakeTebuli da saqmis codniTaa Sedgenili, sadac

ama Tu im kerZis Tu Rvinis dasaxelebis qveS mokle daxasiaTe-

bebic SegiZliaT waikiTxoT, ZiriTadi Semadgenlebi, mTavari

sakmazebi. meniuSi Secdomebic aris (mag. sufris Rvinis nacvlad,

magidis Rvino weria ramdenimegan, da sxv.), Tumca misi Tvaliere-

ba imdenad sainteresoa, rom am umniSvnelo detalebs aRar aqcev

yuradRebas.

pirvel rigSi aRniSvnis Rirsia specialuri SemoTavazebebi,

orbijiani biznes-lanC paketi (11.95 larad), sadac Sesabamisad

startersa (wvniani an salaTi) da ZiriTad kerZs gTavazoben da

sambijiani lanC-paketi (14.95 larad), desertis TanxlebiT. Se-

giZliaT arCevani SeaCeroT lanC-rapidoze (4.75 laridan _ 12.95

laramde) an meniu-fiqsze, romelic ZiriTad, à la carte meniuze

dayrdnobiT dgeba da isic, aseve SeiZleba iyos orbijiani (25.55

larad) da sambijiani (29.95 larad). meniusve erTvis desertebis

CamonaTvali da Rvinis baraTi, samarxvo meniu ki calke moaqvT.

ra kerZs ar naxavT aq: sxvadasxva wvnians, salaT kaprezes moca-

relas yveliT, pomidvriT, pesto jenovezes sousiT da bazili-

kiT, mocarelas salaTs tkbili wiTeli da mwvane wiwakiT, zeiTu-

nis zeTiTa da bazilikiT. mravalnair picas, romelsac Sef pica

`mediteranea~ agvirgvinebs, mdnari yveliT, sulguniT, gaudaTi,

parmezaniT, Sebolili samefo oraguliT, krevetebiT, frangu-

li mdogviTa da limoniT, kartofilis tkbili salaTi TaflSi

Semwvari kartofiliT, tkbili wiTeli wiwakiT, TeTri lobioTi,

nabij-nabij

`mediteraneaSi~restorani vakeSi

vakuri amaoebis gareSe

avtori: gigo mesxiSvili

foto: lizi markoiSvili

26 cxeli Sokoladi

taimauti

ispanaxiT, WarxliT, naRebis dresingiT da gogris TesliT gawyo-

bili. SegiZliaT aseve SeukveToT egzotikuri Niçoise salad sa-

laTis furclebiT, Semwvari kartofiliT, kitriT, pomidvriT,

mwvane xaxviT, TinusiT, TeTri lobioTi, moxarSuli kvercxiT,

anCousebiT, Savi zeTisxiliTa da mdogvi-balzamikos dresingiT

gawyobili.

aris sendviCebis didi arCevanic, Tumca aba ra namusiT unda

gaixedo sendviCebisken, roca greipfrutian an avokadoian kreve-

tebis kokteils mokrav Tvals, brendis, tabaskosa da vorCeste-

ris naRebis dresingiT gawyobils, anda frangulad momzadebul

bayayis barklebze gageqceva mzera, romelic karaqSia Semwvari

da tarxuniani naRebis dresingTan da orTqlze moTuSul vaSl-

Tan erTad moaqvT. igive SeiZleba iTqvas pastebis did arCevanze:

Farfalle con pancetta _ bekoniT, nuSiT, savois kombostoTi, sul-

guniT, parmezaniTa da nivriT Sekazmuli, Lasagna al Forno ispana-

xiTa da xaWoTi, oTxi yvelis sousiT Sekazmuli, boloniezes ra-

guTi, beSamelis sousiT, sulguniTa da parmezaniT. xorceulis

gverdebma gastroterorizmis msxverplad SeiZleba gaqcios:

Semwvari qaTmis RviZli _ tkbil da cxare wiTel wiwakasTan, xa-

xvTan, mwvane xaxvTan, forToxalsa da arayTan erTad. nairnai-

ri steikebi, karaqTan da sulgunis yvelTan erTad, badrijniT,

bekoniT, franguli yavisferi sousiTa da badagiT Sekazmuli,

nivriani karaqiT darbilebuli, grilze Semwvari bostneulisa

da kartofil fris garnirTan erTad da mravali sxv.

rogorc xedavT, uzarmazari arCevanis winaSe davdeqiT da ga-

rwmunebT, Cem mier CamoTvlili, mxolod nawili gaxlavT imisa,

risi Tvalis gadavlebac Cven movaswariT. amitom, kidev ufro

didxans rom ar gagrZelebuliyo wakiTxva-gamokiTxvebi, gada-

vwyviteT, saswrafod SegvekveTa.

aperitivze mwvanes jiSidan dayenebuli Rvino SevukveTe, Tu-

mca damTavrebulic ar mqonda imis Tqma, rom GWS-is mwvane mo-

etana, oficianti gavarda da cota xanSi ukve gaxsnili boTliT

dabrunda, xelSi ki, rogorc veWvobdi, `Telavis marnis mwvane~

eWira, romelic 7 lariT ufro Zviri Rirda GWS-isaze. Tan GWS-

is `mwvane~ ori dRis win mqonda daleuli, kargi STabeWdileba

datova da axla kidev mindoda gadamemowmebina calke piris gemo

da calke `Camosxma~. sxvaTa Soris, es sufris Rvino (`Telavis

marnis mwvane~) arasdros aseTi uintereso ar momCvenebia, ara-

da aqamde xSirad amarTlebda xolme cocxali simJaviTa da saRi

xilis aromatebiT. dasawyisisTvis nivriani karaqi, mdnari yveli

da rvanairi pureuli mogvitanes, Tbili, fumfula da gemrieli.

aqac, SekveTisas, tradiciulad yvelaze Zvirian kerZebs gvirCe-

vdnen, iseve, rogorc sxva Tbilisur maRali klasis restorneb-

Si. sxvaTa Soris, amaze adrec vwerdi da, rogorc Cans, es Cveule-

ba kidev didxans darCeba qarTveli mimtanebis maragSi.

17.30 wuTze SekveTis micemac davasruleT da 15 wuTSi pirveli

kerZic moitanes, wvniani.

sokos krem-supi (7,75 lari)

es iyo sokos krem-supi, italiuri soko porCiniT, alpebidan,

romelic Zalian hgavs qarTul daTvis sokos. motanisTanave

naRebis suni datrialda garSemo, Tumca gemoze iseTi pikantu-

ri iyo wvniani da sokos gemo imdenad efeqturad ikiTxeboda

(gansxvavebiT qama an zogierTi sxva sokos wvnianebisgan), rom ve-

ranairma naRebma Tu mwvanil-suneleulma ver gadafara. wvniani

Zalian mdidruli, mTis gemoebiT xasiaTdeboda, da dasavluri

egzotikis garda, raRac nacnobi da mSobliuric Canda kerZSi.

me visurvebdi, rom samomavlod raWuli samzareulo gamdidre-

buliyos am tipis krem-supebiT. kerZs sakmaod mouxda `Telavis

marnis mwvane~, Tumca ufro kargad wavida GWS-is ̀ mwvaneze~, ro-

melic savse iyo muxis tonebiT da Sesabamisad, meti saerTo naxa

sokos specifikur, mZafr gemosTan. sxvaTa Soris, GWS-is `mwva-

nem~ cotaTi gamakvirva, radgan ori dRis win romelic davlie, is

mwvane absoluturad sxva Rvino iyo, ufro cocxali, meti xilis

tonebiT, xalasi mJavianobiT, aq ki Zalian bevri muxa igrZnobo-

da, romelic, marTalia, mouxda sokos sups, magram mainc damafi-

qra im faqtma, rom ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi erTi etiketiT

Camosxmuli ori absoluturad gansxvavebuli Rvinis daleva

momiwia.

Sefis delikatesi (22,95 lari)

zRvis nobaTis es starteri araCveulebrivi gagrZeleba aR-

moCnda. Tbili krepi Sebolili norvegiuli oraguliT, kre-

vetebiT, mdogviT, mdnari yveliT, limonis cedriT, wiTeli

xizilaliT, ori yveliTa da naRebis sousiT gawyobili. krepis

tomsikaSi moqceuli da daunaneblad xizilaliT gaformebuli

es kerZi pirvelive gemoze gatyvevebs, gansakuTrebiT, Tuki pir-

velive lukmaze erTad mogxvdaT limonis cedris simware, ora-

gulis Tu krevetebis sinaze da kidev obiani italiuri yvelis

siRrme da pikanturoba. amas daumateT mcireodeni mdogvi da

efeqti saxezea. muxamravali GWS-is `mwvane~ naklebad mouxda,

samagierod eqstramSrali Rvinoebi wava kargad. qarTulebidan

Telavis marnis `kondoli~ mouxda Tavidan, Tumca, roca xizi-

lala Seeria, Rvino modunda da daijabna, rasac ver vityviT `Sa-

blize~ an Zalian mSral `sovinion blanze~.

calke aRniSvnis Rirsia naRebisa da gorgoncolas araCveule-

brivi sousi, am lombardiuli obiani yveliT Segemebulma sawe-

belma sruliad sxva kuTxiT dagvanaxa es kerZi.

fruti di mare (19,95)

marTalia curva ar vici, magram yvelaferi Zalian miyvars,

rac zRvaSi dacuravs, amitom midiebis, krevetebis, kalmarebis,

cxeli Sokoladi 27

moluskebisa da rvafexas pasta pomidvris klasikuri sousiT,

ispanaxis da tomatis fetuCinebiT, TeTr RvinosTan erTad, Cemi

sayvareli kerZebis ricxvs miekuTvneba. esaa klasikuri spageti

zRvis produqtebiT. kerZi sasiamovno simwaris iyo, Rvinosac

blomad itanda da Tan sxvadasxvanair Rvinos iTxovda Sesaje-

reblad. muxaSi davargebuli TeTri mSrali Rvinoebic mouxda

da cocxalic. TbilRvinos `winandali~, Telavis marnis `winan-

dali~, `kondoli~. am kerZTan specialistebi TeTr italiurebs

gvirCeven, saukeTesoa `pino grijio~, aseve SesaZlebelia zo-

gierTi wiTlebic, naklebtaniniani da SedarebiT maRalmJaviani,

mag. `barbera~.

rizoto Txis yveliT (18,95)

Txis yveli da parmezani arborios jiSis brinjiT, parmuli

loriT, limonis cedriTa da begqondaraTi yvelaze gvian gamoi-

tanes, Tumca ajobebda, cota adre SemoetanaT, yovel SemTxveva-

Si, steikamde mainc. am kerZs gansakuTrebulad velodi, me xom

Txis yveli yvela sxva saxeobis yvels mirCevnia, man SeiZleba

ukeTesobiskenac Semicvalos kerZze STabeWdileba da zogierTi

wesis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi ki, mTeli Sroma wyalSi Cayaros. es

rizoto arafriT gamoirCeoda, Tumca Txis yvelma da Telavis

marnis kargad Caciebulma vardisferma Rvinom mainc Tavisi qna.

rizoto aseve Zalian mouxdeboda Teliani velis vardisfersac,

Rvinis baraTSi rom yofiliyo.

file minioni (23,95)

tafaze Semwvari saqonlis steiki flambirebiT _ karaqTan

da sokosTan erTad, Sekazmuli brendiT da franguli yavisfe-

ri `bordos~ sousiT. garSemo franguli bostneulis baRCiT _

brokoli, barda, mwvanileuli, stafilo, yvavilovani kombosto.

aseve induri brinji, franguli qama sokos sousi da zed moxe-

xili parmezani. fasidan da Semadgenlobidan gamomdinare, file

minioni Tavi kerZi unda yofiliyo da danarCenebi unda daeCr-

dila, magram samwuxarod ase ar aRmoCnda. sakmaod mdore kerZi

iyo, miuxedavad imisa, rom pirvel gasinjvaze nedli brokoli

Zalian mouxda nedlsave xorcs, Tumca sabolood yvela Semad-

geneli calk-calke daiSala. erTaderTi, rasac yuradReba mivaq-

cie, is gaxlavT, rom am kerZTan kaxuri tipis, qvevris Rvinoebic

kargad wavidoda, Tumca verc am tipis Rvinoebs naxavT ̀ baraTSi~,

arada italiaSi ukve sakmaod aqtiurad iyeneben kaxur teqnolo-

gias, qvevrebic blomad waiRes Cveni qveynidan da, rogorc Cemma

megobrebma miTxres, mediteranul samzareulosac sakmaod os-

taturad moarges es Rvinoebi, CvenTan ki, samwuxarod, aq Semo-

tanil mediteranul kerZebsac ki ver vuxamebT. file minionTan

`TbilRvinos saferavi~ movatanineT, magram Rvino, rogorc Cans,

wina dRis gaxsnili iyo, kargad ver Seinaxes da Cvenamde ukve ga-

daJanguli movida.

deserti krestele (10,75)

samagierod saocari STabeWdileba datova Cveni nadimis dama-

gvirgvinebelma kerZma, tkbilma blinma maskarpones yvelTan da

Jolos sousTan erTad, romelsac Tavze Txlad daWrili moxa-

luli nuSi hqonda moyrili. deserti SesaniSnavia mwvane Cais-

Tan, ulunis CaisTanac SesaniSnavi iqneba, garda amisa, tkbili

vardisferi Rvinis miyolebac ar awyenda an soternis tkbili

Rvinoebi.

restorani `mediteranea~

irakli abaSiZis q. 5,

tel: [+995 32] 22 10 15

Sef-mzareuli: nana jmuxaZe

samzareulo: evropuli, umetesad xmelTaSuazRvis-

piruli, Zalze mravalferovani. restoranSi à la carte

meniua, sakmaod mdidari sezonuri kerZebiT, sadac

aseve gaTvaliswinebulia biznes-lanCis, aseve swrafi

lanCis paketi da sxva specSemoTavazebebi.

Rvinis baraTi: warmodgenilia mxolod sami qarTuli

Rvinis kompania, rac Zalian cotaa aseTi mravalfe-

rovani samzareulosTvis. miT umetes, Tuki gaviTva-

liswinebT, rom kargi evropuli Rvinis daleva Cven-

Tan Zalze Znelia. marTalia, baraTSi gacilebiT metia

evropuli Tu axali samyaros Rvinoebi, Tumca verc

erTi ucxouri Rvino ver vnaxe, romelTac maRazia

`vinosimodan~ an `vinoSokidan~ ar vicnobdi. kargi

iqneba, Tuki restorani Tavad izrunebs Tavisi Rvi-

noebis arCevaze da ar iqneba damokidebuli erTaderT

Semomtanze, romelic sulac ar iTvaliswinebs ama Tu

im sarestorno specifikas.

parkingi: restorans, SeiZleba iTqvas, ar aqvs parkin-

gisTvis adgili, mis win mxolod erTi manqana Tu SeiZ-

leba daetios. Sesabamisad, umjobesi iqneba, Tuki man-

qanas romelime paralelur quCaze daayenebT.

musika: Zalian dabal xmaze CarTulia kargi evropuli

popularuli musika, xuTSabaTidan kviris CaTvliT

ki 8-dan 10 saaTamde sasiamovno cocxali musikis mos-

mena SegiZliaT. paraskev-SabaTs violino da arfaa

programaSi, xuTSabaTsa da kviras ki fortepiano da

fleita.

fasi: zemoT aRweril vaxSamSi me gadavixade 180 lari.

28 cxeli Sokoladi

taim-auti

aqcenti

bavSvobaSi wakiTxuli zRaprebidan erTi aseTi zRaparic

damamaxsovrda. nacnobi siuJetia, dedinacvali geris Tavi-

dan moSorebas cdilobs da tyeSi gadakargavs, im imediT,

rom an SimSiliT aRmoxdeba suli, anda mxecebi daglejen.

magram, ra Tqma unda, zRapris gmir borot dedinacvals

kovzi nacarSi Cauvardeba. patara biWs mxsnelad ucnauri

cxoveli _ grZeleklebiani maCvzRarba moevlineba da biWi

da maCvzRarba didi megobrebi gaxdebian.

aRar maxsovs, romeli xalxis folkloridanaa es zRapa-

ri, magram, ra Tqma unda, im xalxis mogonilia, visTvisac

maCvzRarba CvensaviT ucxo stumari ar aris.

amierkavkasiis teritoriaze gvxvdeba erTi saxeoba _ in-

duri maCvzRarba; saqarTveloSi ar aris, _ vkiTxulobT

enciklopediaSi.

amitomac ver naxavT maCvzRarbas qarTul zRaprebSi.

1999 wels saxeobaTa konservaciis centris _ `nakresis~

wevrebi ivris zeganze ucnaur kvals waawydnen. es kvali

am teritoriaze mobinadre cxovelebis kvals ar hgavda.

fiqrobdnen, rom maCvzRarba unda yofiliyo, magram jer-

jerobiT es mxolod varaudi iyo. `nakresis~ Semdgomi kv-

levebis dros TaTis anabeWdebTan erTad maCvzRarbas ar-

sebobis sxva kvalic gamoCnda: eklebi da eqskrementi.

vaSlovanis dacul teritoriaze muSaobis dros ma-

CvzRarbas kvals ramdenjerme wavawydiT, Tumca TviTon

cxoveli TvaliT ar gvinaxavs. maCvzRarba ZiriTadad Rami-

Taa aqtiuri da umTavresad miuval adgilebSi saxlobs, _

amboben `nakresSi~.

mas Semdeg TiTqmis aTi weli gavida, magram idumali

cxovrebis moyvarulma cxovelma adamianebTan gamoCena ar

moisurva. arada, kvali, romelsac `nakresi~ drodadro

eqspediciebis dros poulobda, gveubneba, rom maCvzRarba

ukve wlebia cxovrobs vaSlovanSi.

da ai, rogorc iqna, Cveni axali stumaric gamoCnda. za-

fxulSi alaznis WalaSi dayenebulma cifrulma viodexa-

fangma gadaiRo, rogor gairbina kameris win maCvzRarbam

da rogor miimala Ramis sibneleSi. ase gaCnda pirveli

dokumenturi masala, romelic saqarTveloSi maCvzRarbas

arsebobas adasturebs.

`nakresSi~ ar gamoricxaven, rom maCvzRarbas `mogzau-

roba~ SesaZloa klimatis cvlilebis brali iyos. es Tu

asea, maSin misi gamoCena maincdamainc kargs aras moaswave-

bs, Tumca winaswar Znelia ramis Tqma. axali teritoriebis

aTvisebis mizezi SeiZleba sxvac bevri iyos. Tundac is,

rom CvenTan ufro komfortulad igrZno Tavi da aqeT ga-

dmosaxlda.

sainteresoa, martom gadawyvita maCvzRarbam aqeT gad-

mosaxleba Tu sxvebTan erTad, magram, miuxedavad imisa,

rom fotoxafangebis erT-erTi funqcia swored cxovele-

bis raodenobis dadgenaa, am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema Wirs,

radgan maCvzRarbebis gansxvaveba advili saqme ar aris.

isini erTmaneTs Zalian hgvanan da maTi garCeva mxolod

fotoebis meSveobiT SeuZlebelia. Tumca `nakresSi~ ambo-

ben, rom raodenobaze laparaki jer naadrevia, ufro mniS-

vnelovani misi saqarTveloSi Semosvlis mizezis dadgenaa.

manamde ki cxovrobs maCvzRarba vaSlovanSi da, rogorc

Cans, am cxovrebiT kmayofilia.

maCvzRarbasofo Caduneli

30 cxeli Sokoladi

32 cxeli Sokoladi

fanatizmi VS antifanatizmi

Tu fanatikuri antifanatizmiavtori: Teo xatiaSvili

am sityvebis avtoris, eklesiisa da feodaluri tradicie-

bis zewolis qveS myofi espaneTidan parizSi Casuli bunuelis

yuradReba siurrealistebma `revolusion siurrealistSi~ da-

beWdili fotoTi da warweriT miipyro _ `benJamen pere mRv-

dels Seuracxyofs~. aqedan moyolebuli is am jgufis aqtiuri

wevri xdeba da Tavis filmebSi araerTxel dascinebs mRvdlebs,

wmindanebs, wmindanobis da sakraluris ideas saerTod... XXs.-is

kulturaSi aseT magaliTebs xSirad SeiZleba waawydeT, Tun-

dac ufro adre, renesansSi rom ar daiwyoT qeqva. davaneboT

Tavi istorias da sul axlo warsulSi `gaviseirnoT~: skanda-

luri salman ruSdi da satanuri leqsebi; kidev ufro axlos

da kidev ufro skandaluri _ muhamedis karikaturebi... aRa-

rafers vambob dasavlur maskulturaSi farTod tiraJirebul

postkardebze, sadac yvelaferi dasaSvebia, maT Soris romis

papis gaSarJeba da, rasakvirvelia, YouTube-is ̀ uxams~ rgolebze,

romelic nebismier videomoyvaruls SeuZlia ganaTavsos. es

adamianebis moTxovnileba da maTi uflebaa _ iyvnen, ifiqron,

akeTon, imoqmedon da moswondeT is, rac maT miaCniaT sworad;

dafiqrdnen, daeWvdnen, sazogadoebrivi (religiuri, ideolo-

giuri da a.S.) normidan da wesrigidan gadauxvion, roca SeiZ-

leba viRacisTvis sakraluri maTTvis mxolod carieli forma

an sityvebi aRmoCndes.

* * *

oh, rogor ar miyvars `gapiarebul~ Temebze wera, arada ori

dRea, Cem garSemo yvela da maT Soris mec mxolod amaze vlapa-

rakobT. Tumca mxolod amaze ara _ ori Temaa dRes aqtualuri:

1. endi garsia da grandiozuli piar(kino)kampania da 2. Tea Tu-

TberiZe da sapatriarqos Tu patriarqis sawinaaRmdego kampania.

pirvelze ukve imden Jurnalists miveci interviu, rom mcire

komentaris gakeTebac aRar minda; sxvaTa Soris, BBC-is Jurna-

listma isic mkiTxa, _ rogor ggoniaT, saakaSvils gauxardeba,

endi garsia rom asrulebs mis rolso? BBC-sgan namdvilad ar

velodi Rirseuli qarTveli Jurnalistiseul kiTxvas?!. qar-

Tuli Jurnalistikis problemuroba ki meore aqtualuri Temis

mTavarma inspiratorma nana leJavam Tavis yovelkvireul ga-

dacemaSi kvlav aSkarad dagvanaxa. damoukidebel Jurnalistad

wodebuli, mediisa da gamoxatvis TavisuflebisTvis `mebrZo-

li~, romelsac politikisa da televiziis TanamSromlobis Se-

saniSnavi skola aqvs gavlili, uecrad (es ise, mxatvrul xerxad,

Torem ùecrad~ ar momxdara, yvelafers Tavisi winapirobebi

aqvs) srul mentorad da cenzorad gvevlineba.

mis mier gaSuqebulma Tea TuTberiZis facebook-ze dadebulma

video-rgolebma aRSfoTebis mZlavri talRa gamoiwvia, rome-

lic Sefasda, rogorc patriarqis diskreditaciis mcdeloba,

romlis ukanac xelisufleba dgas da zogadad marTlmadide-

blebis Seuracxyofa. studentebma aqcia moawyves, romelsac

`Tanasworobis institutic~ SeuerTda; marTlmadideblobis

saxeliT `mebrZol aTeistebTan~ dauRalavi morkinali gior-

gi TargamaZe xelisuflebisgan pasuxs iTxovs. misi TqmiT, àmis

mizani sazogadoebrivi asparezidan eklesiis, rogorc avtori-

tetuli (ratomRac àvtoritaruls~ vkiTxulob, oRond merw-

muneT, gansxvaveba am or termins Soris namdvilad vici _ T.x.)

sazogadoebrivi azris ganmsazRvreli institutis gariyva da

gaZevebaa. `saxezea, liberalur da samoqalaqo azrovnebas amo-

farebuli klasikuri bolSevikuri simptomebi...~ (sainformacio

saagento `pirveli~). `klasikur bolSevikuri~, `neobolSeviku-

ri~... am Sefasebebs arcTu iSviaTad gaigonebT xelisuflebasa

komentari

ar miyvars

adamianebi, romlebic

WeSmaritebis

mcodned miiCneven

Tavs. vinc unda

iyvnen, maTTan

mbezrdeba da

SiSs mgvrian.

me (fanatikuri)

antifanatikosi var.

luis bunueli

cxeli Sokoladi 33

da maTTan asocirebul (rogorc moixsenieben Tea TuTberiZes)

adamianebze (iseve, rogorc am ukanasknelebisgan _ `komunis-

turs~), Tumca Sefaseba umetesad iseTive meTodebiT xdeba

(erTi da meore mxridanac), rasac sapirispiro mxares uCivian

xolme.

ori fragmenti studenturi aqciis monawileTa gancxadebe-

bidan:

Tea TuTberiZem qarTveli qali cudad warmoaCina. qarTvel

qals ar Seefereba, rac man Caidina da is saqarTvelos samarcxvi-

no warmomadgenelia.

CvenTvis saxelmwifo da eklesia aris erTi cneba da aravis mi-

vcemT uflebas, isini erTmaneTisgan gamijnos.

ar dagaviwydeT, eseni axalgazrda gogo-biWebi arian.

im Taobis gogo-biWebi, romlebSic sul minda leqciaze (Tea-

trisa da kinos universitetSi) gamoviwvio raime cocxali, kre-

atiuli, provokaciuli... romlebisganac sul velodebi raime

epataJurs, ara eklesiebze da wirva-locvaze dausruleblad

gadaRebul sadiplomo filmebs (nebismier arxze ama Tu im saek-

lesio dResaswaulis pirdapiri translaciisgan rom ver gaar-

Cev), aramed Tundac `sveli wris~ msgavs ubadruk performanss.

didi imedi maqvs, Cem auditoriaSi jerjerobiT marTlmadide-

bel mSobelTa axalgazrda wevrebi ar arian da ufro metad

ki Cveni reqtoris imedi maqvs, rom studentebSi `mkrexeluri~

azrebis generirebisTvis universitetidan ar gamagdebs. ai, ki-

dev erTi axali informacia, romelic amjerad basil kobaxiZem

ganaTavsa internetSi: `2009 wlis oqtombris dasawyisSi Tbili-

sis sasuliero akademiisa da seminariis liturgikis (mecniereba

RvTismsaxurebaze) pedagogma diakonma mirian sxirtlaZem stu-

dentebs uTxra, rom uaxloes momavalSi isini wavidodnen sxva-

dasxva qristianuli eklesiis taZrebSi, raTa uSualod enaxaT

aramarTlmadideblebis RvTismsaxureba. seminariis studente-

bma... romlebic amave dros arian `marTlmadidebel mSobelTa

kavSiris~ wevrebi, amis Sesaxeb Seatyobines aRniSnuli organi-

zaciis liders dekanoz daviT isakaZes... uwmindesma da uneta-

resma sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma… mmk-s mo-

Txovnis Sesabamisad, diakoni mirian sxirtlaZe gaaTavisufla

Tbilisis sasuliero akademiisa da seminariis pedagogobidan~.

`totaluri tabu~ _ ase axasiaTebs werilis dasasruls basil

kobaxiZe im damokidebulebas, rac saqarTveloSi sapatriarqosa

da marTlmadideblobasTan dakavSirebiT damkvidrda. tabusTan

uwyinari Sexebac ki mZafr reaqcias iwvevs, yvelanair bralde-

bas RvTiTkurTxeuli morCili axsna aqvs: baCo axalaias korum-

pirebuli mamis dajildoeba patriarqis mxridan ara axalaias

Rirsebebis aRiarebaa, aramed am ukanasknelisTvis miTiTeba,

rom dafiqrdes da gamoswordes (!); jipebi ki _ `gadaadgilebis

saSualeba da ara fufunebis sagani~ (rogorc romeliRac Rir-

si mama gangvimartavs) _ sapatriarqos sulac ar mouTxovia, es

Tavad xelisuflebis keTili neba iyo... xelisufleba, romelic

sekularizmis ideebiT movida, `keTil nebas~, didi xania, iCens

eklesiis mimarT; es populisturi politikis erT-erTi mTavari

mimarTulebaa. eklesiac siamovnebiT ekekluceba xelisufle-

bas, romlis religiurma populizmma misi avtoritetis ganmtki-

cebasa da Seuvalobas Seuwyo xeli. rasakvirvelia, maT Soris,

rogorc or sxvadasxva tipis institucias Soris, faruli Tu

aSkara brZola ZalauflebisTvis yovelTvis mimdinareobs da

am SemTxvevaSic SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom Tea TuTberiZis

internet-kampanias zurgs xelisufleba umagrebs. vivaraudoT,

magram ar gamovricxoT `klasikur bolSevikurad~ Tu `neobol-

Sevikurad~, rom Tea TuTberiZes partiuli kuTvnilebis, inte-

resebis, Sexedulebebis iqiT SeiZleba hqondes privatulic, miT

umetes, facebook-ze Tavisi gemovnebiT dados, rac unda.

ho, marTla _ gemovneba Tu ugemovneba am Temaze saubris

erT-erTi mTavari (rasakvirvelia, Seuracxyofisa da mkrexelo-

bis Semdeg) aspeqtia. ratomRac yvela esTeti gaxda... ratomRac

arc erT arxze, da maT Soris arc `kavkasiaze~, aravis ugrZvnia

uxerxuloba im `qrestomaTiuli ugemovnobisa~ da Seuracxmyo-

feli Tu diskriminaciuli ìumoris~ gamo, roca film `yvela-

feri kargad iqnebas~ sagangebo gadacemebs uTmobdnen. albaT

somxebis (miT umetes indoelebis _ isini Cvengan ise Sors imyo-

febian) gaSarJeba SeiZleba _ isini xom marTlmadideblebi ar

arian? is ki, vinc marTlmadideblebsa da marTlmadideblobas

Seexeba, ùnda gaatyavo da marili wausva~ (Tea TuTberiZis mi-

samarTiT gamoTqmuli qristianisTvis SesaSuri muqaraTagani).

`Tuki Tea TuTberiZes aqvs gamoxatvis ufleba, marTlma-

dideblebsac xom aqvT imis ufleba, rom TavianTi aRSfoTeba

gamoxaton~? _ aseTi kiTxvac bevrjer gaisma. rasakvirvelia,

aqvT... iseve, rogorc kaTolikebs, romelTa taZrebSic mar-

Tlmadideblur eklesias vxsniT, ebraelebsac, romelTa sasa-

flaos vbilwavT, muslimebsac, romlebsac meCeTs vungrevT...

isinic gamoxataven aRSfoTebas sakraluris xelyofis gamo, Se-

saZloa _ kidev ufro mwvave da masStaburi formiT, magaliTad

rogorc muhamedis karikaturebis gamoqveynebas mohyva. aqciebs

sayovelTao mxardaWera hqonda manamde, sanam protesti agre-

siaSi gadaizrdeboda...

P.S. isev Jurnalistebis Sesaxeb. nana leJavas Tea TuTberi-

Zis mier saxelisuflebo davalebis Sesrulebis utyuarobas is

faqtic udasturebs, rom swored Team àRmoaCina~ es video-

rgolebi. Tu ar ici am Sinaarsis videos arseboba, rogor unda

ipovo isini? _ ra Tqma unda, dasvams `gonivrul~ kiTxvas gamo-

cdili Jurnalisti, romelmac mxolod wesebis mixedviT moqme-

deba icis (am wesebis mimTiTebeli ki yovelTvis gamoCndeba xan

xelisuflebis, xan opoziciuri partiebis, xan eklesiis saxiT);

internetis usasrulo sivrce ki sadaursa sad waiyvans... (am)

usasrulobaSi orientirebisas xom unda daiviwyo, rom WeSma-

riteba ukve ici, da axal-axali WeSmaritebebis aRmosaCenad ga-

emarTo.

P.P.S. da isev eklesia-xelisuflebis mezaliansze es minaweri

ukve damTavrebul statias lamis stambaSi davawie, romelic

prezidentis administraciam saswrafod gaakeTa: `prezidentis-

Tvis miuRebelia amgvari qmedebebi da gamonaTqvamebi. saqar-

Tvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi didi Rvawlisa da damsaxurebis

mqone moRvawea da sazogadoebis, maT Soris prezidentis mxri-

dan didi mxardaWeriT da pativiscemiT sargeblobs. Cven yvela

demokratiul politikur saSualebas mivmarTavT, raTa davi-

cvaT misi reputacia da aravis mivceT Tavisuflebis principe-

bis borotad gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba~.

komentari

`benduqizmis~ sazafxulo skolaavtori: nino robaqiZe

am zafxuls sruliad SemTxveviT Tavi-

sufali universitetis mier organizebul

sazafxulo skolaSi aRmovCndi, romelSi

monawileoba aTas rvaas raRac lari Rir-

da, Tumca TiTqmis yvela monawilis xarji

Tavis Tavze qarTulma `codnis fondma“

aiRo.

vinc jer kidev ar icis, Tavisufali

universiteti yofili saxelmwifo min-

istris, kaxa benduqiZis daarsebulia.

ramdenime cnobili umaRlesi saswavle-

blis gaerTianeba dRes qarTuli uni-

versitetebis siaSi reitingiT erT-erTi

pirvelia. Tumca, kaxa benduqiZis mizani,

ara mgonia, mxolod prestiJuli univer-

sitetis dafuZneba yofiliyo. yofili

ministri am gziT saqarTveloSi ultra-

memarjvene ideebis `imports“ da Tana-

moazreebis momzadebas cdilobs.

_ mTavrobis da misi rolis maqsimaluri

Semcireba

_ Tavisufali sabanko sistema

msgavsi ultraliberaluri ideebis

miReba uWirT dasavleTis qveynebSic, maT

Soris TviT amerikaSi, sadac mTavrobis

Caurevloba istoriulad bevrad ufro

gaTavisebuli aqvs mosaxleobas, vidre ko-

munisturi warsulis mqone saqarTveloSi.

qveyanaSi, sadac mudmivad Wkvian liders,

brZen winamZRols elodebian, Znelia ima-

ze saubari, rom mTavrobas ar sWirdeba

didi Wkua-ganaTleba. mTavaria, ubralod

swori intuicia, rom xelisuflebam ar

Seaferxos sazogadoebis funqcionireba.

aseTi ideebis mqone adamianebi, rogorc

wesi, ver modian mTavrobaSi sazogadoebis

Zalian mcire nawilis simpaTiis gamo. kaxa

benduqiZe ki moxvda mTavrobaSi, magram

sazogadoebis mxardaWera verc Tavisi

moRvaweobis dasawyisSi, da verc bolos

ver daimsaxura. Tumca benduqiZes min-

istrobis periodSi sazogadoebisaTvis

ar auxsnia, ratom akeTebda imas, rasac

akeTebda. sazogadoebam ki benduqiZis

ideebis damoukidebeli interpretaciiT

igi samSoblos moRalated gamoacxada.

dRes yofili saxelmwifo ministris

mier mxardaWeril, inicirebul da TiTq-

mis bolomde miyvanili reformebis did

nawils ukuqceva da daviwyeba emuqreba.

erTxel daSvebuli Secdoma rom aRar

ganmeorebuliyo, vfiqrob, fsoni benduqi-

Zem ultramemarjvene ideebis momavalze

dado da Seqmna universiteti, romelic

irgvliv Tanamoazreebis SekrebaSi daex-

mareba.

universitetis ideologia da dam-

fuZneblis mizani sauniversiteto aq-

tivobebSic Cans da bakurianis sazafxulo

skolac erT-erTi morigi moTelva iyo.

me da kidev ormocdaaTamde monawile,

maT Soris stumrebi somxeTidan da azer-

baijanidan, Tavisufali universitetis

sazafxulo skolis moswavleebi viyaviT

da erTi kvira 5 profesorTan da skolis

organizatorebTan erTad ganvixilavdiT

politikur ekonomias globaluri finans-

uri krizisis pirobebSi. Tanac uwyvetad:

leqciebze, diskusiebsa da leqciebs So-

ris Sesvenebebzec, anu Coff e Break-ebze,

rogorc amas seminarebze eZaxian.

skolis mowveuli stumrebi evropis da

amerikis wamyvani universitetebis profe-

sorebi iyvnen da kidev andrei ilarionovi

CATO institutidan, romelic qarTveli

JurnalistebisTvis yvelaze saintereso

iyo mTeli am ambidan. putinis yofili

mrCeveli presas swyalobda _ bakuriani-

dan pirdapiri CarTvac ki hqonda, Tum-

ca, sxva profesorebisgan gansxvavebiT,

grZeli saseminaro dRis Semdeg skolis

monawileebTan nakleb dros atarebda.

arada, saRamos cxra saaTze vaxSami iyo

mTeli ceremonia. ukve seminaris meore

dRes gaerTianda magidebi, gamoCnda suf-

raze wiTeli Rvino da Tan, arc meti arc

naklebi, jorj seljinis iniciativiT.

vest virjiniis universitetis pro-

fesori seljini seminaris monawileebma

yvelaze magar leqtorad misi pirvelive

leqciis Semdeg aRiares. seljinis leqci-

is manera iseTia, rom is erTsaaTian leq-

ciaze albaT minimum erT kilograms ik-

lebs wonaSi. mTeli leqcia iyo dinamiuri

performansi fulis arsze da rolze da

aravis egona, Tu seljini saerTod rame

sxvazec ilaparakebda. arada, vaxSmobisas

is hyveboda Tavis megobrebze, ojaxis

wevrebze, penelopeze _ mis ZaRlze da

bednieri iyo CvenTan yofniT mxolod imi-

tom, rom SeeZlo fexburTis, teqnikis da

ekonomikis garda, kidev rameze elaparaka

da kargi wiTeli Rvino daelia. leqciebze

ki profesori seljini isev Tavisufali

sabanko sistemis idealurobaze msj-

elobda da hyveboda ratom ver itans cen-

tralur da erovnul bankebs da bolos,

seminaris erT-erTi monawile, erovnuli

bankis TanamSromelic daiTanxma misi sam-

saxuris usargeblobaSi.

jorj seljini faqtobrivad unikal-

uri monetaruli ekonomistia. msoflioSi

isedac erTi muWaa Tavisufali sabanko

sistemis mxardamWeri ekonomistebi, ma-

gram seljini maT Sorisac gamoirCeva ul-

tramemarjveneobiT. seljins sjera, rom

Tavisufal bankebs sakuTari daurezerve-

beli fulis gamoSvebis ufleba unda hqon-

deT, anu banks unda SeeZlos survilisame-

br fulis beWdva, misi rame RirebulebiT

gamagrebis gareSe. erTi SexedviT, es idea

giJurad JRers, magram seljini da misi

kolega Lawrence H. White Zalian aqtiurad

da damajereblad asabuTeben am ideas mra-

vali publikaciiTa da wigniT.

rogorc seljins, ise seminarze

reportaJi

34 cxeli Sokoladi

mowveul sxva profesorebsac hqondaT

erTi sakuTari idea da saocari azartiT

cdilobdnen seminaris monawileebisT-

vis es idea gadaecaT. daaxloebiT ise,

Zalian darwmunebuli rom xar Sens si-

marTleSi, gancda rom gaqvs, TiTqos sx-

vas aravis esmis Seni, da Tu erTi Tana-

moazre mainc SeiZine, sul sxva azri da

stimuli rom eZleva Sen brZolas. Tu

seljini centralur bankebs ebrZoda,

marburgis universitetis profesori

stefan voigti erTi kvira laparakobda

kanonis uzenaesobis da fulis kavSirze,

sasamarTlos damoukideblobis da pirda-

piri demokratiis ekonomikur efeqtebze;

jorj meisonis universitetis profesori

donald bodro _ Sromis danawilebis da

vaWrobis sikeTeze; ekonomikur mecniere-

baTa evropuli institutis direqtori

pier garelo _ sazogadoebriv dovlaTsa

da saxelmwifo kompaniebis kontrolze.

Tumca yvela am leqciis da, Sesabamisad,

mTeli sazafxulo skolis idea iyo erTi

_ ufro patara mTavroba, naklebi regu-

laciebi, Tavisufali vaWroba. miuxedavad

imisa, rom yvela leqcias bevri kiTxva

mohyveboda, momeCvena, rom auditoria

Zalian kargad icnobda am ideebs da mis

safuZvlebsac inglisuri libertari-

anelebiT dawyebuli. ar vici es meramdene

seminari iyo liberaluri ekonomikis Te-

maze, romelsac me davswrebivar, magram

sul miCndeba xolme es grZnoba _ TiTqos

yvela yvelas icnobs, yvela Tanxmdeba

am ultraliberalur ideebze da es wre

Caketili ar aris, magram wlebis ganmav-

lobaSi didad arc farTovdeba.

zogadad kriteriumebi, romliTac

seminaris monawileebi irCevian, xSirad

ar aris erTi da igive, magram faqtia,

rom sazafxulo skolebis moswavleebi

warmatebuli studentebi, warmatebuli

sajaro moxeleebi an mkvlevrebi arian.

xSirad politikuri partiebis aqtiviste-

bic anu adamianebi, vinc an axlaa CarTuli

qveynis ekonomikur procesebSi raRac

doziT an potenciurad SeiZleba aseTad

iqces. ase iyo Tavisufali universitetis

sazafxulo skolis SemTxvevaSic: ekonomi-

kuri ganviTarebis saministros, erovnuli

bankis, iusticiis saministros TanamSrom-

lebi, wamyvani universitetebis studente-

bi, parlamentis aparatis TanamSromlebi

_ adamianebi, romlebic an ukve arian, an

momavalSi iqnebian gadawyvetilebis mim-

Rebi pirebi.

TavisTavad Tavisufali ekonomika Tu

kargad JRers da SeiZleba asidan oTx-

mocdacxramet gamvlels moswondes

is, am ideas Tu konkretul Semadgenel

nawilebad davSliT, darwmunebuli var,

mis gayidvas saqarTveloSi verc erTi

politikuri Zala ver SeZlebs. vin mogcems

xmas, Tu ityvi, rom ganaTleba fasiani

unda iyos mTlianad, rom pensias aravin

ar mogcems _ Sen TviTon unda gadainaxo

siberisTvis, rom aravin ar gadaixdis Sens

mkurnalobaSi fuls _ amisTvis arsebobs

kerZo samedicino dazRveva, rom aravin

ar gadagixuravT sacxovrebel korpuss _

mezoblebma unda izrunoT. kerZo sabanko

sistema, realuri decentralizacia, minu-

mumamde dayvanili mTavrobis funqciebi _

yvelafer amas jer qarTveli amomrCev-

lisTvis politikuri saxeli ar hqvia.

Tumca saqarTvelo am mxriv gamonak-

lisi ar aris. marTalia met-naklebad,

magram libertarianuli ideebiT politi-

kuri moZraobebi gansakuTrebuli popu-

larobiT iSviaTad sargebloben. mTeli

es msoflio moZraoba Tavisuflebis

libertarianuli Teoriis gasavrcele-

blad ideaSi qveynebis gamdidrebas isax-

avs miznad. raRac misioneruli moZrao-

bis msgavsia da iseTi STabeWdileba rCeba

adamians, TiTqos es saqveynod cnobili

profesorebi, romlebic msoflios wa-

myvani gamocemebisTvis weren da wamyvan

samecniero institutebSi moRvaweoben,

mxolod imitom midian sadRac saqarT-

veloSi, sadRac bakurianSi, rom ubralod

ufro met adamians miawodon sazogado

keTildReobis miRwevis maTeuli idea.

P.S. laSa Jvanias ekonomikis ministro-

bidan gaTavisuflebisas lado papavam

`rezonansTan~ interviuSi ganacxada: „ben-

duqizmma, rogorc ideologiam, gaimar-

jva!~ (interviu / l. papava; esaubra r. ma-

CaiZe // `rezonansi~, Tb., 2009, 22 agvisto,

N224, gv.1,16). benduqizmis mimdevrebmac

ar daayovnes da upasuxes, oRond Tavise-

burad _ iseve sasacilod, rogori sa-

saciloc es interviu moeCvenaT.

`viTvaliswinebT ra sazogadoebriv

interess, romelic eqspertma papavam

Cven mimarT yovelkvireuli sagazeTo

statiebiT, farTo wreebSi Cveni wyevla-

krulviT gaaRviva, gadavwyviteT, erTad

SevquCdeT~.

aseTi anotacia axlavs facebook-ze

jgufs, romelsac `benduqebi~ hqvia.

jgufs zustad asi wevri hyavs _ Jur-

nalistebi, kaxa benduqiZis megobrebi,

Tavisufali universitetis studentebi

da sazafxulo skolebis monawileebi.

jgufSi, romelSic wevrebis naxevari Cemi

megobaricaa, me ar var. ar vici, konkre-

tulad ra mizezis gamo, magram ratomRac

arasdros ar davaWire brZanebas `Join this

Group!~ Tumca jgufis devizs: `benduqe-

bo, yvela qveynisa SeerTdiT! gaxsovdeT:

Cveni Zala Cven erTobaSia~, absoluturad

veTanxmebi _ ideis Zala mis irgvliv gaer-

Tianebul adamianebSia, Tu, ra Tqma unda,

`benduqizms~ davarqmevT im ideologias,

romelsac es xalxi erTgulobs.

reportaJi

cxeli Sokoladi 35

dRes fSavi arc investorebs izida-

vs da arc raime axlisa da grandiozu-

lis wamowyebas apireben iq. fSavSi dRes

turizmic ki ar arsebobs. igi mxolod

barSi Camosul xatis ymebs, ramdenime

folkloristsa da ubralod am mxareze

Seyvarebul adamianebs axsovT. CemTvis

namdvili fSavi yovelTvis orwyali-

dan iwyeboda, gadauxvevdi marjvniv da

erTmaneTis miyolebiT gamoCndeboda

soflebi: Txiliana, cabaurTa, Suafxo,

gogolaurTa, bindaurTa, muqo, WiCo,

xoSara, axadi, ukanafSavi. 90-ianebis

dasawyisidan davdivar am mxareSi da

SemiZlia vTqva, rom fSavSi araferi

icvleba, mxolod gzebi Tu gaqrebian

xolme. Caxval da naxav, rom SarSandeli

gza ukve mdinaris pirasaa Casuli, wle-

vandeli ki es-esaa mowyda mTas da nel-

nela cdilobs gzas daemsgavsos.

fSavSi asvla welsac xatobis perio-

dSi momiwia. petre-pavlobis marxva

dasruldeba Tu ara, am mxareSi aTenge-

noba iwyeba, xatobebisa da dResaswau-

lebis gabmula xevisberiT, dasture-

biT, saklavebiT, sadideblebiTa da

ferxisaTi. 4 wlis win mec Sevwire cxva-

ri iaxsris xats, CaTqmulic amisrulda,

wels ki ukve laSaris jvars vestumre

qada-purebiT, aryiTa da sanTeliT.

adre fSavis xevi 12 Temad iyofoda

da es Temuri dayofa dResac narCunde-

ba. adre imazec saubrobdnen xolme, Tu

riTi iyo ganTqmuli TiToeuli es Temi:

gogolaurebisa Turme SairobiTa da

moswrebuli sityviT gamoirCeoda, WiCo-

elebi _ xvna-TesviT, wowkuraulebi _ bo-

rotebiT (maT Turme mucelgvelianebsac

uwodebdnen), ukanafSavlebi _ sicetiT,

gabidourebi _ gulgrilobiT, maTurle-

bi _ simamaciT, qistaurebi _ silamaziT,

uZilaurebi _ sisastikiT da Carglelebi

ki nadirobiT. rogorc giTxariT, Temis

principebi dResac Zlieria, miuxedavad

imisa, rom zogierTi sofeli mTlianad

dacarielebulia, zogierTSi ki erTi an

ori komliRa Tu cxovrobs. am siZlieres

pirvel rigSi salocavi uzrunvelyofs,

igi aerTianebs ̀ oqros Rilebs~ (legendis

mixedviT, ase iwodebian xatebis mier fSa-

vlebi). fSavSi dResac yvela xati moqme-

debs, dReobebze yvelgan gaismis droSis

zanzalakebis wkriali, xevisbrebis dalo-

cva, saklavis xma.

fSavi TiTqos axloa TbilisTan, magram

mainc Zalian Soria. sul raRac or sa-

aTSi SegiZlia Suafxomde misvla, magram

amis miuxedavad, iqaurebis cxovreba da

dardebi mainc Zalian gansxvavdeba Cveni

fiqrebisgan da sazrunavisgan. iq aravin

ganicdis media-terors, aravin kamaTo-

bs politikaze, axlo warsulSi momxdar

rame mniSvnelovan movlenaze ki igav-

araksaviT hyvebian. iq advilad mixvde-

biT, ra ufro saintereso da daZabulia,

obamasa da medvedevis Sexvedra Tu naca-

raSvilisa da SeTes (warsulis cnobili

mokafieebis) sityvieri paeqroba? romeli

ufro naRdia, gastronomSi, aTasi sakma-

ziT Cabasturmebuli braziliuri samwva-

de Tu Txilis Samfurze acmuli cvriani

mwvadi? ubralo da marTali sityva jobia

Tu mikibul-mokibuli? erTxel naTqvami

leqsi jobia Tu teleseriali?

henri devid toro maxsendeba, rome-

lic 170 wlis win daweril Tavis sauke-

Teso wignSi simartives asxamda xotbas da

cdilobda daverwmunebineT, aTasi saqmis

magier, ori an samisTvis mogvekida xeli,

milionobanasTvis Tavi dagvenebebina da

aTamde Tvlas davjerebodiT, radgan xe-

lisgulze yvelaferi kargad Cans. fSa-

velsac ase, xelisgulze aqvs yvelaferi,

erTi saqmis keTeba urCevnia bevris ga-

imogzaure saqarTveloSi

zarebis xma fSavis xevSi avtori: malxaz xarbedia

foto: gogita buxaiZe

36 cxeli Sokoladi

fuWebas, mcire amocanebs wyvets da ami-

tomac yovelTvis karg xasiaTzea.

am sityvebis werisas Zveli „droebisa“

da „iveriis“ is avtorebi gamaxsendnen,

romlebic saqarTvelos regionebis Se-

saxeb werdnen, xalxs axasiaTebdnen, wes-

Cveulebebze mogviTxrobdnen, danarCen

qveyanas acnobdnen ama Tu im kuTxes. isini

maSin pirvelebi iyvnen da maTi naweridan

igebdnen qalaqelebi, rom raWaSi Turme

Rorebi ZiriTadad qarTlidan ahyavdaT,

rom sofel muxranSi erTi vinme maxrCo-

bela vaWris xelSi iyo yvelaferi, rom

kardenaxi da bakurcixe duqnebs mihqon-

daT. albaT aseTive axali ambavi iyo 1888

wels vaJas statia „laSarobis“ Sesaxeb,

sadac tfilislebi bevr axal ambavs aR-

moaCendnen. samwuxarod, dResac asea,

dResac bevri ram rCeba iseTi saqarTve-

loSi, razec Cvenken arc araferi ician

da arc interesdebian. bevrma arc icis,

riTi cxovrobs fSaveli, ar ician ra aris

kvrivi, sajare, xatis qali, mowmindari,

nasxepi, dambal-xaWo. bevrs hgonia, rom

fSavSic blomad tarxuniT da axali tye-

mliT akeTeben Caqafuls da rom Ramis ga-

Teneba ukana fSavSi sastumroSi SeiZleba.

gasagebia, rom TuSeTSi ukve ramdeni-

me sastumro aSenda, sadac gadaixdi 50

an 100 lars da Rames gaaTeneb orjera-

di kvebiT, fSavSi ki isev ise, Zvelebu-

rad migiReben, ugasamrjelod da isev

uxerxulia dasva kiTxva: „yvels xo ar

momyididiT?“. TuSeTidan ukve ministre-

bi erTvebian pirdapir eTerSi, fSavSi

ki pirdapir getyvian TavianT azrs am

ministrebze. zogierT sofelSi sateli-

turi TefSebic udgaT, movlenebis saqmis

kursSic arian, Tumca, bevrisgan gansxva-

vebiT, aq wuwuns iSviaTad gaigonebT,

gansakuTrebiT xatobaSi. ramdenjerme

minaxavs xatSi amosuli romelime parla-

mentari, an mxaris gubernatori, magram

ar maxsovs vinmes rame eTxovos misTvis,

anda Tavis sufraze mxolod imisTvis

gadaepatiJebinos, rom iq sakuTar gasa-

Wirze elaparakos. xatSi yvela dros ata-

rebs, Zalze zustia vaJa-fSavela, roca

wers: „fSaveli ise arc erTs dReobaSi,

xatobaSi ar aris ganebivrebuli, rogorc

laSaris dReobaSi. yvelaferi xels uwyo-

bs am sinebivres...“. xoda, warmoidgineT,

adamiani, romelic cota xnis win RmerTs

axvewebda, wyalobas SesTxovda da amis

mere parlamentars raRa unda SesTxovos,

risTvis unda Seimoklos nebivroba?

imogzaure saqarTveloSi

fSavels kidev erTi Zalian arqauli da

amave dros Tanamedrove niSani gamoarCe-

vs. es manZilebis daZlevaa, problema, ro-

melic barSi mxolod Tanamedrove komu-

nikaciebma da siswrafem daZlia, mTaSi ki

iqaurebs arasdros uWirdaT didi manZi-

lebis dafarva. minda dagarwmunoT, rom

laSaridan fSaveli fexiT ufro male ga-

dava TianeTSi, vidre nebismieri Cvengani

romelime jipiT. igi gadagvaswrebs Tu-

SeTSic da xevsureTSic, fSaveli swrafia

da moqnili, zustad icis bilikebi da Ta-

visi SesaZleblobebi. swored amitomac,

mas srulyofili warmodgena aqvs Cvenze.

dro movida, Cvenc kargad gavicnoT fSa-

vi da fSavlebi.

www.georgia.travel

cxeli Sokoladi 37

ratom miyvars kinofestivalebze

siaruli? filmebis naxvis surviliT

var Sepyrobili-Tqo, _ rom giTxraT,

imedia damijerebT. marTla asea. ma-

gram, Tan mgonia, Cemi cxovreba ufro

mdidrdeba, rodesac ucxo qveyanaSi

7-10 dRis manZilze damkvirveblad ga-

daviqcevi xolme. ucxo qveyana, axali

personaJebi, SenTvis uCveulo deta-

lebi da TiTqos mobezrebuli, yovel-

dRiuri ambebi, romelsac sul sxva

kuTxiT akvirdebi. yoveldRe axal

adamians icnob, imaxsovreb maT saxe-

lebs da qveynebs. zogjer sasaubrod

qveynis mixedviTac arCev adamians da

elaparakebi, hyvebi raRacebs... mere

hop, da gverdze romeliRac kompanias

SeuerTdebi. ar mogewoneba? gamoxval

da sasaubro msxverpls ucebve amoi-

Reb mizanSi. momwons, rom aranairi

valdebuleba ar gawuxebs. mTavaria,

rom dRes iq xar, sadac yvela cdilo-

bs, karg xasiaTze iyos da problemebi

iq, Sors, saxlSi datovos. am dros

marto, sxva enaze molaparake xalxiT

garSemortymuli bevr aRmoCenas ake-

Teb. mere ukan brundebi da nanaxi Tu

mosmenili kidev didxans grCeba mex-

sierebaSi.

* * *

miSkolci ungreTis patara da lama-

zi qalaqia. 2-3-sarTuliani saxlebiT,

tramvais grZeli liandagebiT, ganaTe-

bis boZebze dakiduli xasxasa wiTeli

feris yvavilebiT da sruli siCumiT;

sadac adamianebi aqa-iq, kantikuntad

dadian da 5 wuTSi erTxel danaxuli

manqana, ratomRac, bednierebis Segr-

Znebas gitovebs. amitom dRemde mgo-

nia, rom miSkolcSi, yvelaze meti, 100

adamiani unda cxovrobdes, radgan

es aris qalaqi, sadac dRis nebismier

monakveTSi sakuTari nabijebis eqos

gaigoneb.

bargi farTxafurTxiT amovyare da

ornelas davureke, _ 20 wuTSi `dol-

Ce vitaSi~ Segxvdebi-Tqo. konsierJs

miSkolcis rukaze restornis adgili

sqeli wiTeli kalmiT Semovaxazine,

mere sastumros adgilzec wiTeli

rgoli davaxatine da gaferadebu-

li rukiT xelSi gareT gavedi. ukve

bneloda. ornelaze bevri araferi

vicodi, im dRes gavicani aeroport-

Si. magram im momentisTvis is CemTvis

erTaderTi nacnobi adamiani iyo da

amitom, amjerad dedasaviT vuyure-

bdi. Tumca, sicilieli ornela sul

ar hgavda de-s _ saSualo simaRlis,

gemrielad Caputkunebuli, abrdR-

vialebuli cisferi TvalebiT da ga-

melotebis pirveli niSnebiT. ornela

saocari aqcentiT melaparakeboda

xolme inglisurad da SigadaSig ita-

liur sityvebsac urTavda, ufro swo-

rad _ sityvebs ki ara, aRSfoTebul-

aRfrTovanebul wamoZaxilebs, rasac

xelebis umisamarTo savsavs ayolebda.

`dolCe vitaSi~ didi mondomebiT da-

vaTvaliereT safestivalo filme-

bis programa, qarTul-italiuradac

davurTeT mokle komentarebi da ar

vici, saidan movitane, uceb `rvafexa~

gamaxsenda _ italiuri seriali, ai is,

korado katani kargad rom kvdeboda

boloSi. auu, ramdenjer mqonda na-

naxi es sikvdilis scena... ramdeni mi-

tiria udrood wasul SeWaRaravebul

gamomZiebelze... filmi vaxsene Tu

ara _ `noo, miqele plaCido?~ _ uceb

werili ungreTidan

`industriuli~ qalaqi miSkolciavtori, foto: salome kikaleiSvili

38 cxeli Sokoladi

wamoiyvira ornelam da xelebi ze-

cisken aRapyro. mivxvdi, dRevandeli

sasaubro Tema plaCidosa da italiur

mafias ver gascdeboda. asec moxda.

simarTle rom vTqva, bevri araferi

damamaxsovrda. Tbilisi-stamboli-

budapeSti-miSkolcis sahaero sivr-

ceSi namgzavri, iseTi daRlili viyavi,

rom Tvalebi periodulad mexuWeboda

da mxolod italiuri wamoZaxilebi

mabrunebda realobasTan. magidaze

erTmaneTze mikruli gaciebuli spa-

geti medo, mgzavrobisgan dasiebuli

fexis TiTebs periodulad vaTamaSeb-

di da winidan Semelotebuli ornelas

damtvreuli inglisuri modioda, _

iakuZa, rusuli mafia, iakuZa, rusuli

mafia, iakuZa... aba, marto Cven ki ara...

magram winaswar ra vicodi, Tu fes-

tivalze Casuls Tema iakuZa-rusuli

mafia sanatreli gamixdeboda. pirve-

live dRes festivalis mTavari Tema

gamoikveTa _ Rorebi. Rorebi, rome-

lic ungruli filmebis umetesobis

mTavari Tema iyo, erTi tradiciis Se-

saxeb gviyveboda _ soflebSi ikribeba

raRac jgufi, romelic specialurad

asuqebs Rors, uvlis, zogi efereba ki-

dec, deviziT _ siyvarulSi gazrdils

ase ufro kargi xorci eqnebao da mere

kargad gamokvebil RorTan erTad

Wama-smis festivalze midian. mokled

mTeli Tavgadasavalia. festivalze,

romelic ungreTis sxvadasxva adgi-

las tardeba, soflidan Camodis xal-

xis jgufebi, romelTac konkretul

droSi unda moaswron Roris dakvla

da misgan kerZebis, sosisebis, sarde-

lebis damzadeba. iqve, iqve, yvelaferi

iqve xdeba. mere specialuri komisia am

yvelafers miirTmevs da gamarjvebul

gundsac asaxelebs. gamarjvebulebi

saCuqrad iReben mcired Tanxas da

diid oqrosfer medlebs. nu, tradi-

ciaa da! hoda es pirveli festivali

iyo, sadac yoveldRe mainc vnaxulo-

bdiT animaciur, mxatvrul Tu doku-

mentur filmebs Rorebis before/after istoriebze, romelTa reJisorebi,

mgoni, erTmaneTs ejibrebodnen imaSi,

Tu vin ufro naturalisturad asa-

xavda dakvlis scenas. bunebrivia, es

sanaxaoba darbazSi msxomi evropele-

bis aRSfoTebas iwvevda, xolo Jiuris

wevrebisgan gamudmebiT ismoda _ Oh, nooo more piigs, pleaseee. swored erT-

erTi aseTi before/after istoriis yure-

bis dros SemTxveviT sonias gavxede.

xelebi Tvalebze hqonda afarebuli

da Cabnelebul darbazSi marto misi

gafiTrebuli saxe moCanda. fineli

sonia bevrs ar laparakobda. sul ax-

senebda mis or Svils antons da mar-

lons da mis partniors, anu Cven enaze

_ qmars, romelic axla bavSvebs uvli-

da da romelsac sonia Zalian ena-

treboda. sonia yovel dilas 1 saaTi

yiraze dgomiT iwyebda da sul mimeo-

rebda, _ iogam damawynara, gamwmindao.

iogasTan erTad sonia vegetariane-

lic iyo, ar svamda, ar eweoda, cotas

laparakobda da Rorebze filmebs

gansakuTrebulad mwvaved aRiqvamda.

saxeze etyoboda. `es yvelaferi ve-

luroba da warmoudgeneli tkivilia,

_ miTxra morigi seansis Semdeg, _ ici,

damaviwyda, sad moxda, magram Rorebis

fermaSi eqsperimenti Caatares. ainte-

resebdaT, ras grZnobda Rori sikvdi-

lis dros. TiToeuls sensorebi mia-

magres da gamgudavi haeris gaSvebis

Semdeg testis pasuxebic miiRes, ris

Semdegac iqaurma personalma SvebiT

amoisunTqa. sensorebiT dafiqsirda,

rom Rori bednierad kvdeboda. ai, ase

unda xdebodes, Tumca saerTod... ara,

mainc velurobaa _ gaaxsenda Tavi-

si vegetarianeloba. ukve sastumros

vuaxlovdebodiT, rom sruliad dau-

fiqreblad davamate, _ sionSi bavSvo-

cxeli Sokoladi 39

baSi bevrjer minaxavs, rogorc kla-

vdnen Rors, da ai qaTmebic minaxavs

da Zroxac-Tqo... rasac sonias iseTi

gamoxedva mohyva, rom mivxvdi, jobda

uceb gamovmSvidobebodi da saswra-

fod dameZina. meore dRes ki sauzmi-

sas sul TavCaxrili vylapavdi wvri-

lad daqucmacebul lors.

_ oo, RmerTo Cemo, ras akeTebs es

qali, _ wamoiZaxa darbazSi Jiuris

prezidentis ronald berganis colma,

mas Semdeg rac 5 wuTi msxvili xediT

gvayurebinebdnen axalgazrda qalis

isteriul masturbacias. ronaldma,

rogorc WeSmaritma britanelma jen-

tlmenma, vardiferi SlapiT, xanSi Se-

sul cols mklavi gauyara da, _ wamo,

wamo, vivaxSmoTo, _ gaiyvana darbazi-

dan. me, sonia da eriki (Jiuris kidev

erTi wevri _ axalgazrda da Zalian

simpaTiuri frangi msaxiobi, romelsac

Tmebi raRacnairad haerSi hqonda ga-

SeSebuli da sul gaiZaxoda, _ me male

vbrundebi parizSi, bertran bliesTan

vmuSaob, ar mcalia, ar mcaliao) ki-

dev davrCiT im imediT, iqnebada amis

garda raime momxdariyo filmSi. sul

male ki vaxSamze gasul wyvils Sevuer-

TdiT. `dRes meniuSi aris kartofili

fri da Semwvari Rori~, _ gagvaxara

oficiantma. `isev Rori~, _ amoigmina

yvelam erTxmad. mere, rogorc xdeba

xolme, davsxediT did magidasTan da

yvelam Tavis qveyanaze morigeobiT

daiwyo moyola. rodesac Cemi jeri

dadga da garkveul kiTxvebs pasuxebi

gaveci, mere monologis dro dadga,

anu roca garSemo myofi xalxis cno-

bismoyvareobas akmayofileb da Sen

komentars Tu gulisnadebs daskvnis

saxiT akeTeb. swored am daskvnis dros

Tvalwin damidga wiTel pomadiani nai-

li maswavlebeli, romelic dReSi 20-

jer mainc gvimeorebda, _ ra gacine-

bT? ori aguri unda geWiroT xelSi

da TavSi irtyamdeTo. etyoba bolos

raRac iseTi xmiT vTqvi, rom yvela

gaisusa da aqeT-iqiT daiwyes yureba.

hei, _ Cemi sentimentaluri mdgomare-

oba uceb gamoacocxla ornelam Tavi-

si italiuri aqcentiT. iRimeboda da

raRac gansakuTrebulad bednierad

gamoiyureboda. momeCvena, rom Tmac

sxvanairad hqonda, ufro afuebulad.

`dakarguli bargi Camouvida~, _ mi-

Txra viRacam. im dRes Turme budapeS-

tidan sul pipin-pipiniT CamoutaniaT

ornelas ZlivsZlivobiT napovni bar-

gi, ris Semdegac bunebrivad bednieri

gamometyvelebis mqone ornela, dReSi

samjer mainc icvlida samoss. `es Cve-

ni wevria, fridrixi~, _ gamacno ase

80 wlis yurebamde gaRimebuli ger-

maneli. `sasiamovnoa~, _ miTxra germa-

nelma kbilis proTezebis 2-3-wuTiani

gasworebis Semdeg da gazebis gamoSve-

bis xmac daayola. op... dabneulma iZu-

lebiT gavuRime da mivesalme. magram

rodesac sul cota xanSi mivxvdi, rom

ucnauri xmebi fridrixis ucvleli

Tanmxlebi iqneboda, stumrebs male-

ve davemSvidobe da soniasTan erTad

qalaqis marketebSi biosakvebis Zebna

daviwye. mas mere ki, gulaxdilad unda

giTxraT, ramdenjerac fridrixs da-

vinaxavdi, maSinve sul gverdze quCaze

gadavdiodi xolme. SeiZleba uzrde-

lobaa, magram mainc ase varCie.

im dRes saRamos seansebi, sul gu-

lis amaCuyebel filmebs daeTmo.

evropa xom, ukve didi xania, giJdeba:

landSafti _ udabno, filmis gmire-

bi _ 40-s mitanebuli, erTmaneTisgan

gaucxoebuli wyvili, dialogi _ mini-

mumamde dayvanili, kamera _ caxcaxe-

bs... mokled, soniasTan erTad nayid

bioproduqtebs Cumad vaxramunebdi

da vuyurebdi filmebs ukacrieli

adgilebiT, gzaabneuli adamianebiT,

gamWol mzerebs, mSoblebis uyura-

werili ungreTidan

40 cxeli Sokoladi

dRebobiT gaborotebul bavSvebs da

bax, bax, sisxlian finalebs. kinodan

rom gamovediT, sonias xma ar amou-

Ria. mivxvdi, ekranze nanaxma sastik-

ma `realobam~ isev imoqmeda. gverdze

kmayofili saxiT megobar gogonebTan

erTad abanoSi naWyumpalavebi eri-

ki mogvyveboda. `ai, CvenTan es didi

problemaa, _ gaaxsenda uceb sonias, _

magaliTad, rodesac adamianebi avto-

busSi adian, Tu carieli skami naxes,

jdebian, Tu arada, aravis miujdebian

gverdiT. martoebi arian da civebi _

aseTebi varT. da rom icode, CvenTan

yvelaze xSiria TviTmkvlelobebi~, _

miTxra da Cabnelebul skverSi Segro-

vil xalxs gaxeda, sadac yovel SabaT-

kviras laTino musikas rTavdnen da

saxalxo cekvebi imarTeboda.

etyoba imdeni kiTxva davusviT

festivalis erT-erT organizators

transportis Sesaxeb, rom nikolasma

Cveni gidoba iZulebiT aiRo Tavze da

sul male me da awowili sonia Zve-

li sitroenis fanjridan vaTvalie-

rebdiT qalaqs. vnaxeT koSki, rome-

lic odesRac sakmaod did nagebobas

warmoadgenda; sadac mefe didi lui

wveulebebs marTavda, omebze giJde-

boda da sul Cxubobdao. mere vnaxeT

is, ris gamoc vikipediaSi miSkolci

industriul qalaqad moixsenieba.

uzarmazar metalurgiul qarxanaSi,

romelic me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi

aSenebula, 20 aTasi adamiani muSao-

bda. qarxanaSi momuSaveebisTvis spe-

cialurad iyo aSenebuli aguris sa-

xlebi, hospitali, skola, eklesia...

mokled, es iyo qalaqi qalaqSi. Tu-

mca sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg

qarxanac daixura da 20 aTasi adamia-

nic quCaSi aRmoCnda. dRes ki xavs-

mokidebuli, gaZvaltyavebuli rkinis

monstri miSkolcelebisTvis stumre-

bisTvis saCvenebel da Zveli dide-

bis gasaxsenebel adgilad iqca. esec

axlad aSenebuli universiteti, esec

meria, esec Cveni kafeebi... mokled,

nikolasma sul hop-hopiT Semogvata-

ra patara qalaqi. ho, kafeebze ar da-

maviwydes. Tu ungreTSi Camongreul,

upatrono Zvel nagebobas naxavT, Se-

giZliaT SexvideT da kafe gaxsnaT.

anu sanam Senobas raimes mouxerxeben,

Tqven SegiZliaT misi baton-patroni

gaxdeT. hoda iciT, ra lamazia kar-

fanjris gareSe, aguris Zvel Senobe-

bSi gaxsnili kafeebi? martivi da sada

dizainis myudro adgilebi, saidanac

5 wuTSi erTxel Camaval manqanas xe-

dav. isic vifiqre, aseTi raRac Tbi-

lisSi rom gaxsna, albaT aravin Seva,

ase ityvian _ remonti jer ar damTa-

vrebulao. eh.

`mapatieT, Tu SeiZleba, erTi wu-

TiT SegayovnebT~, _ yovelTvis ase

iwyebda laparaks festivalis dire-

qtori, romelic aucileblad Warxa-

liviT wiTldeboda da momdevno 4

wuTi mainc fers intensiurad inar-

Cunebda. ronaldma isic ki Tqva _

sanTliT rom eZebo, festivalis aseT

morcxv direqtors versad waawyde-

bio. tibors xelebi mudam fexebis

gaswvriv, muStad hqonda Sekruli da

TavCaxrili dadioda. Soridan gadi-

debul msxals waagavda da darbazis

kuTxeSi ise aituzeboda xolme, rom

Zalian unda Segekavebina Tavi, an Ta-

vze ar gadagesva xeli _ kargi biWi,

kargi biWis ZaxiliT, an loyaze ar ge-

Cqmita. ̀ xval diliT Cven cnobil aba-

noebSi mivdivarT da wamobrZandiT,

gTxovT~, _ miTxra da TavCaxrili

gabrunda. nuu kargi, radgan mTxovT-

Tqo... wavedi. dilis 8 saaTze ikarus-

Si agvyares da sul male miSkolcis

RirsSesaniSnaobac gamoCnda.

>>> gagrZeleba gv. 92

cxeli Sokoladi 41

saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi ukve ise

damZimda, rom Tu saSualeba maqvs,

Tbilisidan maSinve, dauyovnebliv

gavrbivar xolme, rogorc ki sadme,

Tundac ramdenime dRiT mepatiJe-

bian da baTumSi erTi kviriT miwvevam

da Tanac saerTaSoriso kinofesti-

valze, marTla Zalian gamaxara. Tvi-

Ton sityva dedaqalaqic ki, iseTi

saSinlad agresiuli gaxda, rom Tu

mas sxvagan ar gadaitanen, amden ua-

ryofiT energias Tbilisi albaT ve-

Rar gauZlebs da erT dResac siZul-

vilisagan gaskdeba. baTumSi ki

yvelaferi mixaroda bavSviviT da

yvelaferi Zalian momwonda, radgan

iq iyo mTavari, rac TbilisSi aRar

arsebobs da mzec iseve mamSvidebda,

rogorc wvima. kinofestivalis mTa-

var darbazSi, filmebis Cvenebisas

(wvimian dReebSi), saxuravidan Camo-

suli wyalic ki sasiamovnod mawyna-

rebda, miuxedavad imisa, rom Cemi

nervuli sistema (danamdvilebiT

vici) aseT wveTovan ganadgurebas

(Tanac Weridan), Tbilisis vercerT

kinoTeatrSi ver gauZlebda. iq ki mi-

xaroda, Tundac imitom, rom viyavi

baTumSi, veswrebodi mSvenier kino-

festivals da mqonda imis SesaZle-

bloba, rom did ekranze menaxa mar-

Tla kargi filmebi. CasvlisTanave,

rogorc ki festivalis afiSaze, nu-

meraciis arabuli fexebiT aRmniSv-

neli reklama vnaxe, maSinve mivxvdi,

rom baTumis saerTaSoriso kino-

festivalis organizatorebi niWieri

adamianebi iyvnen da oficialurad ki

maspinZel organizacias `art-hausi~

hqvia. rasakvirvelia mxolod niWi da

survili sulac ar aris sakmarisi

aseTi kinofestivalis Casatareblad

da `art-hauss~ baTumis meria da ki-

dev ramdenime organizaciac exmare-

boda, magram mTavari mainc im adamia-

nebis mondomeba iyo, vinc gadawyvita,

rom baTums aucileblad unda hqon-

des Tavisi kinofestivali. metic,

Cveni mokrZalebuli azriT, baTums

araTu unda hqondes kargi saerTaSo-

riso festivali, aramed baTumi unda

iyos kidec msoflioSi ganTqmuli

saerTaSoriso safestivalo qalaqi,

radgan baTumi, rogorc cnobili ku-

rorti, samwuxarod verasodes iar-

sebebs vercerT saerTaSoriso ruka-

ze, Tundac im martivi mizezi gamo,

rom kargi sakurorto amindi sezo-

nis dros (rogorc wesi) aq mxolod

or kviras grZeldeba. marTalia yve-

la wess gamonaklisic aqvs da wels

(magaliTad), mze aWaraSi, uwyvetad

da gadabmulad, Cvidmeti dRis man-

Zilzec ki anaTebda, magram es imde-

nad iSviaTi moulodneloba iyo, rom

baTumis kaSkaSa mzes, mxolod mezo-

beli somxeTidan Camouswres ual-

ternativo damsveneblebma. Tumca

sakurorto amindisagan gansxvave-

Suquraavtori: daTo turaSvili

foto: levan kakabaZe

werili baTumidan

42 cxeli Sokoladi

biT, aq mudmivad aris safestivalo

amindi da baTumSi ukve imdeni da Ta-

nac iseTi didi sastumroebia, rom

SegviZlia erTdroulad (mTeli wlis

ganmavlobaSi) ramdenime saerTaSo-

riso festivalsac ki vumaspinZloT.

Tu baTumi marTlac iqceva safesti-

valo qalaqad, im grandiozuli sas-

tumroebis aSenebasac (nawilobriv

mainc) gamarTleba eqneba da saqar-

TveloSi decentralizaciis auci-

lebeli procesic nel-nela daiwye-

ba. Tu Cvens qveyanaSi arsebuli

literaturuli Tu sportuli, kul-

turuli Tu socialuri energiis ga-

danawileba ar moxdeba im sabWouri

koncentraciis dasaSlelad, rome-

lic bolSevikebma dedaqalaqSi xe-

lovnurad Seqmnes, Cvengan evropuli

tipis saxelmwifos Seqmna Zalian Zne-

li iqneba. evropisken mimaval gzaze,

rasakvirvelia sxva kidev bevri da-

brkoleba da barieri gveRobeba, ma-

gram Cveni umTavresi problema mainc

mentaluria da roca Cveni sabWouri

cnobiereba Seicvleba, Cveni yofac

ukeTesi gaxdeba. amitomac maxarebs

nebismieri mSenebloba (Tbilisis

garda), magram im baTumelebisac kar-

gad mesmis, visac axali da ase ganax-

lebuli baTumi ar moswons _ Zvel

baTumelebs iseTi baTumi axsovT,

romelic maTTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi

da sayvarelia da maTTvis im qalaqs

veRaraferi Secvlis. is Zveli baTu-

mi (piradad) mxolod fotoebze mina-

xavs da SeiZleba amis gamoc, yvela-

nairi mSenebloba mainc maxarebs da

mainc aSeneba mirCevnia dangrevas da

ukeTesi gemovnebis molodiniT cxo-

vreba, marTla Znelia. maT, vinc Zvel

baTumsa Tu Zvel Tbiliss aSenebdnen

(damkveTebsac da Semsruleblebsac),

Cvenze ukeTesi gemovneba hqondaT

(Tundac imitom rom sabWoTa saqar-

TveloSi ar ucxovriaT) da Cvenze

patiosani adamianebic iyvnen (Tun-

dac imave), zemoTqmuli mizezis

gamo. saqarTvelos Semdeg xelisu-

flebasac ukeTesi gemovneba im Se-

mTxvevaSi eqneba, Tu momavali saqar-

Tvelos damkveTebi (ara mxolod

arqiteqturaSi), imaze ukeTesebi iq-

nebian, vidre Cven varT. adamiani ki,

ukeTesi rom gaxdes (wignebis waki-

Txvaze rom aRaraferi vTqvaT), be-

vri kargi filmi mainc unda naxos

(yovelgvari xumrobis, didaqtikisa

da paTetikis gareSe) da baTumis meo-

Txe saerTaSoriso kinofestivalze,

marTla bevri kargi filmi iyo. kar-

gi filmiT daiwyo kidec festivali

da es siamovneba, festivalis dasru-

lebamde, arc mogvklebia da pirve-

lad Jiuris Tavmjdomaris, cnobili

holandieli reJisoris, ios stelin-

gis arasakonkurso filmi vnaxeT. Ta-

vad reJisors SeiZleba arc ufiqria

imis Sesaxeb, rom misi filmis siuJe-

ti (romelsac `duSka~ hqvia), Zalian

hgavs ruseT-saqarTvelos urTier-

Tobis oraswlovan istorias, magram

filmisagan gansxvavebiT, am urTier-

TobaSi araferia sasacilo da Rimi-

lis momgvreli. ios stelings ki

(alag-alag), iumoris iseTi mSvenieri

grZnoba aRmoaCnda, rom darbazmac

gulwrfelad isiamovna misi kino-

xumrobebis gamo da piradad rac ar

momewona, filmis proeqciis xarisxi

iyo. SeiZleba me ver gaverkvie fes-

tivalis teqnikur TaviseburebebSi

da aseve zogierTi sxva filmis Cvene-

bisas SemCneuli wunic, sulac ar iyo

werili CexeTidan

cxeli Sokoladi 43

cudi proeqciis brali. Tumca Tavad

kino iseTi didi siamovnebaa CemTvis,

rom nebismieri xarvezis miuxedavad,

baTumis festivali mxolod Zalian

dadebiT movlenad mimaCnia da imedia

rom momavalSi, arcerTi umniSvnelo

pretenziac ki aRar iarsebebs. yve-

laze pretenziuli ki (amindis mi-

marT), mainc laSa baqraZe iyo, ro-

melsac festivalis mesame dRes,

mobilur telefonze mexi daeca. im

diliT polonuri filmebis Cveneba

daiwyo da vinaidan polonelebs ise-

dac Tavi qudSi aqvT da tani ki

evrokavSirSi, laSam SuadRisas ga-

reT gasvla gadawyvita da adgilo-

brivma klimaturma Taviseburebamac

mas, swored am dros umtyuna _ mexi

pirdapir mobilurze daeca. arc vi-

codi Tu telefonis uwyinari sim-

baraTi mexs izidavda (Tanac Sxui-

liT) da Turme Weqa-quxilis

SemTxvevaSi, mobiluri aucileblad

unda gamorTo. arada im dRes iseTi

xmauriT wvimda, rom cidan mgoni

marTla bayayebi cviodnen da mobi-

luris CarTvas ki, azri isedac ar

hqonda. mokled laSa baqraZe Zlivs

gadarCa, radgan aWaraSi mogexsene-

baT rom ZiriTadad qviani napiria da

laSas kidev cota xans rom efarTxa-

la, mezobel guriaSi dagvWirdeboda

misi gadayvana qviSaSi Casaflobad.

polonuri filmebis programa ki

sakmaod mravalferovani iyo da ba-

TumSi polonuri kinoklasikac aCve-

nes da Tanamedrove kinoproduq-

ciac, romelsac TviTon poloneTis

saelCo warmoadgenda xolme, da ba-

TumSi Tavad qSiStof zanusic ki Ca-

mobrZanda. yvelaze saintereso pro-

grama, mgoni, mainc britanelebs

hqondaT, magram inglisur kinoze me-

tad, aRmosavleTi mainteresebda

(mainc) da gansakuTrebiT ki axali

iranuli filmebis naxva mindoda.

TviTon im filmebis reJisorebic ba-

Tumis festivalis stumrebi iyvnen

da Tanac iseTi lamazebi, rom maTTan

dalaparakebac ki ver gavbede. arada

iraneli qalebis gacnoba Zalian min-

doda Tundac maTi mosmenis mizniT

da siamovnebiT movusmendi kidec

maT mrgvali magidis garSemo, Tu

amis SesaZlebloba gveqneboda. ra-

sakvirvelia festivalis stumrebsa

da monawileebs bevrjer hqondaT ki-

dec dialogisa da maslaaTis saSua-

leba, magram es ZiriTadad bankete-

bze xdeboda, me ki banketebs iseTive

mondomebiT veridebi, rogorc qar-

Tul politikas. arada rom mqonoda

maTTan gasaubrebis saSualeba, ira-

nelebs yvelaze naklebad swored po-

litikaze davelaparakebodi, radgan

sparselebi imdenad kargi poetebi

arian, rom zogjer cudi politiko-

sebi gamoerevaT xolme da poezia ki

yovelTvis saukeTeso hqondaT. SeiZ-

leba im zRapruli literaturis ga-

vlena ganapirobebs kidec iranuli

kinos poeturobas, romelic saerTa-

Soriso kliSeebis sapirispirod, Za-

lian Tanamedrovea da dRevandeli

iranelebic radikalurad gansxvav-

debian im stereotipuli warmodge-

nisagan, romelsac maT Sesaxeb mTels

msoflioSi qmnian. kinomsoflio ki

interess, ara mxolod iranuli, ara-

med Turquli filmebis mimarTac

sakmarisad iCens da amas albaT Tur-

qebic aSkarad grZnoben da Turquli

kinos kvireulic baTumSi iseTi zar-

zeimiT gaxsnes, rom Turqul filme-

werili baTumidan

44 cxeli Sokoladi

bs namdvilad ver gamovtovebdi. Ti-

Tqmis yvelaferi vnaxe kidec da maT

Soris gansakuTrebiT momewona nuri

jeilanis `sami maimuni~ da ieSim us-

taoRlus `pandoras yuTi~. momewona

ozCan alperis `Semodgomac~ da am

filmis mimarT didi interesi Cemsa-

viT uamrav baTumelsac hqonda, rad-

gan am Turqul filmSi mTavar rols

axalgazrda qarTveli msaxiobi, mSve-

nieri megi kobalaZe asrulebs. misi

personaJi mezobel qveyanaSi moRvawe

qarTveli putankaa da Turq reJi-

sors arc araferi mougonia, radgan

TurqeTis mxolod erT-erT vi-

laieTSi (Tanac arasruli monaceme-

biT), ocdaaTi aTasi qarTveli qalia

dakavebuli araelitaruli prosti-

tuciiT. marTalia Cven im qveyanaSi

vizrdebodiT, sadac sadRegrZeloe-

bis mixedviT, yvelaze kdemamosili

qalebi cxovrobdnen, magram rogorc

ki realoba Seicvala, qarTveli qa-

lebic Seicvalnen da zogierTebi ga-

bozdnen kidec. aRmoCnda, rom qar-

Tveli qalic adamiania da qarTvel

kacebs Soris ki iseTi samarcxvinoe-

bic aRmoCndnen, romlebmac ojaxe-

bze zrunva mTlianad colebs mian-

des da TviTon ki taxtebze wamowvnen.

radgan uZvelesi profesia vaxseneT,

barem medeas ambavsac aqve vityvi,

romelsac ugrZelesi Zegli zustad

im moedanze, im kinoTeatris win

daudges, sadac baTumis kinofesti-

vali mimdinareobda. TavisTavad es

moedani, mgoni bevrs moswons Tun-

dac imitom, rom yvelaze metad hga-

vs romelime patara qalaqis mTavar

saseirno adgils romelime evropul

qveyanaSi, Tumca, Cveni subieqturi

azriT, medea aq, ubralod zedmetia.

rasakvirvelia Zveli kolxeTisa da

maT Soris fazisis identifikaciis

Sesaxeb mec wamikiTxavs da sxvebiviT

mec mifiqria, rom SeiZleba fazisi

Woroxi ufro iyo, vidre rioni (da

Sesabamisad medeac baTumeli ufroa,

vidre quTaiseli), magram strate-

giuli Tu ara, pragmatuli Tvalsa-

zrisiT mainc, medeas Zegli quTaisSi

unda dagvedga (vaida parlamenti

arc gadaitanon). miT umetes im Se-

mTxvevaSi, Tu medea saerTaSoriso

brendia, misi adgili quTaisSi

ufroa, radgan baTumi zRvispira sa-

porto qalaqia da misi ganviTarebac

(Tundac amitom, foTis ar iyos)

mainc gardauvalia.

gardauvalia nebismieri procesic,

romelsac sinamdvileSi dro war-

marTavs da Zveli baTomic, rogorc

am qalaqs kako ZnelaZis guruli

winaprebi uwodebdnen, iseve veRar

iarsebebs, rogorc Zveli tfilisi,

romlis dakargvac daviT kakabaZem

jer kidev 1920 wels iwinaswarmetyve-

la. sxvaTa Soris, 1921 wlis Semdeg,

mTeli samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlo-

baSi, yvelas Tu ara, uamrav Turqs

mainc (xmamaRla Tu ara, Cumad mainc)

qarTvelebis SurdaT kidec, radgan

maT egonaT, rom sabWoTa saqarTve-

loSi marTla socializmi iyo. isini

darwmunebulebic iyvnen, rom bed-

nieri qarTvelebi socializmSi cxo-

vrobdnen da roca sazRvrebi gaixsna

da amdeni gaubedurebuli qarTveli

aRmoaCines, memarcxeneebs Soris sa-

Sineli imedgacruebac gaCnda Tur-

qeTSi da ozCan alperma aseTi fil-

mic gadaiRo.


werili baTumidan

cxeli Sokoladi 45

istoria

46 cxeli Sokoladi

il

ustracia: sal

ome s

ixarul

iZe

ww

w.b

eatm

agaz

ine.

com

istoria

`qalaqSi cxovrebis ufleba esaa

Sexvedrebisa da azrTa gacvlis-

Tvis saWiro adgilis qonis ufleba,

esaa cxovrebis sxvadasxva riTmis

ufleba; ufleba, romelic gaZlevs

unars, bolomde gamoiyeno sivrce

da momentebi. es aris ufleba da-

saxlde, da icxovro ise, rom qala-

qs ukan araferi daubruno. es aris

ufleba, gqondes Seni sivrce da ara

mxolod flobde raRacas~, - ambob-

da anri lefevri.

lefevris Tanamedrove qalaqis

koncefcia, romelic SeiZleba ze-

dmetad romantikuli da sentimen-

taluri geCvenoT, Zalian myar da

konkretul ideas _ pirovnebis Ta-

visuflebis dacvas eyrdnoba.

rogoria is garemo, romelSic

Cven vcxovrobT? ris uflebas gva-

Zlevs qalaqi, da rogor ikiTxeba

masSi Cveni Tavisuflebis xarisxi?

am Temaze kidev erTxel maSin da-

vfiqrdi, rodesac `imelis~ Senobis

dangrevis Sesaxeb gavige. `imelis~

win im dRes saprotesto aqcia gai-

marTa, romelzec asamde adamiani

mivida. bolo dros aseTi ramdenime

aqcia iyo. Tumca urbanuli diskur-

si mainc ver ascda lokalur qala-

qmSeneblobis Secdomebs da nakle-

bad exeba gacilebiT mniSvnelovans,

im konteqsts, rasac am faqtebis

erToblioba qmnis.

qalaqi da zogadad urbanuli

garemo socialur inteleqts ga-

moxatavs. modernizmis xanis isto-

rikosebi ambobdnen, rom arsebobs

Zalian mkveTrad gamoxatuli ka-

vSiri esTetikur da kulturul

procesebsa da urbanuli garemos

cvlilebebs Soris. qalaqi fiziku-

rad gamoxatavs drois, epoqebis, sa-

xelmwifo sistemebis, ideologie-

bis da sazogadoebis cvlilebebs.

sivrcis organizebis swori aRqma ki

mxolod imis gaazrebaa, rom qalaqi

sxva araferia, Tu ara TviTon sazo-

gadoeba.

urbanisti da arqiteqturis mec-

nierebaTa doqtori koka amirejibi

erTdroulad Tbilisis ganviTare-

bis istoriis mkvlevari da mowmea.

swored mas vTxove esaubra imaze,

Tu rogor icvleboda dedaqalaqis

saxe imis mixedviT, qaosi marTavda

urbanul procesebs, adamianebi Tu

epoqa. misi interviu erTdroulad

qalaqis da im sazogadoebis isto-

riaa, vinc es saarsebo sivrce Seqmna.

_ Tbilisi me-19 saukunis dasa-

wyisSi ufro aziuri qalaqi iyo.

nariyalas ferdze mifenili baniani

saxlebiT. maSin kala iyo centra-

luri ubani. qalaqSi ganjis gza

Semodioda. ganjis kariT xvdebod-

nen savaWro qaravnebi nariyalaze.

da iqidan abanoTubanze iSleboda

xedi, marjvena mxares kalas uba-

ni xvdeboda, marcxniv nariyala _

baniani saxlebi, baRebi, sioni da

samefo ubani. Tbilisi ulamazes

qalaqad iTvleboda. es gza dRes

dakargulia. mxolod patara mo-

nakveTia _ dRevandeli griSaSvilis

quCa. meore monakveTi _ mirza Safis

nawili iyo, romelic botanikur

baRSi iWreboda da romlis mniSv-

nelovani nawili mirza Safis rea-

bilitaciis proeqtma Seiwira. erTi

sityviT, ganjis gza aRar arsebobs.

gza, romliTac TbilisSi aRamahmad

xani Tavisi jariT bolo Semosevis

dros Semovida.

Zvel TbilisSi baniani saxlebi

idga. erTis terasa momdevno sa-

xlis saxuravi iyo, misi kidev mom-

devnosi da ase Semdeg. saxlebis

sul sami ZiriTadi tipi Sendeboda

_ baniani, darbazis tipis gvirgvi-

niT da koSkura. arc erTi maTgani

aRar SemogvrCa.

dRemde SemorCenili Zveli Tbili-

si, eklesiebis garda, me-19 saukunis

kapitalisturi Tbilisia. droda-

dro icvleboda Tbilisis ganviTa-

rebis riTmi da me am ciklis sami

ZiriTadi faza gamovyavi. esenia _

intensiuri ganviTarebis faza, ro-

melsac evolucia vuwode, mere dge-

ba revoluciuri gardatexis perio-

di, da mesame _ involuciuri faza,

ukuganviTareba. me-19 saukunis Sua

periodSi Tbilisi ufro sparsul-

somxuri qalaqi iyo da sul 40-50

aTasi mosaxle cxovrobda, saukunis

bolos mosaxleobis ricxvma 200-300

aTass miaRwia. male Tbilisi region-

Si ekonomikur, finansur centrad

iqca. gaCnda baqo-baTumi navTobsa-

deni, ganviTarda rkinigzac, aSenda

baqo-foTi da baqo-baTumis rkini-

gzis xazi. aman uzarmazari biZgi

misca qalaqis ganviTarebas. Tbilis-

Si saxldeboda somxuri, azerbaija-

nuli elita, yalibdeboda Tbilisu-

ri aristokratia. anu es iyo Zalian

aqtiuri ganviTarebis faza, rome-

lic mospo pirvelma msoflio omma.

rogor icvleba es kapitalisturi

Tbilisi saqarTvelos sovietiza-

ciasTan erTad?

esaa qalaqis involuciis faza.

mokvda infrastruqturuli obie-

qtebi, finansuri operaciebi, fulis

avtori: nino lomaZe

foto: daviT mesxi

qalaqi _ TviTon sazogadoeba

cxeli Sokoladi 47

istoria

mimoqcevebi, daixura sawarmoebi,

xalxi gavida qalaqidan. ase gagrZel-

da 1925-1927 wlamde, sanam sabWoTa

sistemam Zala moikriba da daiwyo

ukve ganviTarebis sabWoTa periodi.

30-ian wlebSi sabWoTa administracia

aqtiurad aviTarebda qalaqs genera-

luri gegmiT _ aSenda didi sazoga-

doebrivi Senobebi, mTavrobis saxli,

`imelis~ Senoba, xidebi, sanapiroebi.

yvelaferi icvleba meore msoflio

omis periodSi, isev revoluciurad.

Semdegi revoluciuri faza ukve

perestroikis droa. am dromde

Tbilisi aqtiurad viTardeboda,

gansakuTrebiT 60-70-ian wlebSi,

rodesac aSenda uzarmazari sa-

cxovrebeli masivebi, saburTalo,

gldani, diRmis masivi, Temqa. ko-

munistebi weliwadSi saSualod 2-3

milion kvadratul metr sacxovre-

bel farTs aSenebdnen. magram 80-ian

wlebSi sabWoTa kavSiris krizisis

gamo uZraobis periodi iwyeba da

qalaqi wyvets ganviTarebas.

rogor iyenebda komunisturi sis-

tema sivrciT mowyobas sakuTari

ideologiis gasamyareblad?

mokled getyviT, rogori Tbilisi

Caibara sabWoTa sistemam. sovieti-

zaciamde mosaxleoba proeqtebs qa-

laqis upravaSi yidulobda. am dros

aristokratia individualuri pro-

eqtebiT iSenebda saxlebs. swored

amitom gaCnda TbilisSi ucxoeli

arqiteqtorebis mTeli `pleada~.

isini sazogadoebis mdidari fenis

saxlebs aproeqtebdnen _ Sinkevici,

bilfeldi, zalcmani, simonsoni da

a.S. am epoqaSi, masobrivi mSeneblo-

bac Zalian saintereso iyo. mosax-

leobam TviTon monaxa organuli da

originaluri forma da sacxovre-

bel saxlebSi sivrceebis organize-

bis Taviseburi ierarqia gaCnda. iyo

`sacxovrebeli oTaxi~, saerTo ga-

lerea, romelsac mezoblebTan iyo-

fdnen, igive SuSabandi da mere ezo.

ezos Zalian didi mniSvneloba hqon-

da, rogorc socialuri kontaqtebis

sivrces. ezos miRma ukve quCa iyo.

am erTian sivrceSi izrdeboda Zve-

li Tbiliseli. aseTi ramdenime er-

Teulis erToba ayalibebda ubans.

yvelam icoda, sad iwyeboda da sad

mTavrdeboda ubani. sabWoTa perio-

dSi es yvelaferi daikarga.

iyo meore mniSvnelovani faqto-

ri, eTnikuri ubnebi. me-19 saukunis

TbilisSi es ubnebi jer kidev ar-

sebobda _ seidabadi, abanoTubani,

nariyala, isani, avlabari, krwani-

si, orTaWala. sololakSi mdidari

somxebi cxovrobdnen, SedarebiT

Raribebi _ avlabarSi, TaTrebi _

TaTrebis moedanze, ebraelebi sina-

gogis irgvliv, malaknebis bazarTan

rusebi, germanelebi plexanovze,

Zveli aleqsanderdorfis terito-

riaze. eTnikuri ubnebi namdvilad

iyo demokratiuli wyobis Canasaxi.

sabWoTa xelisuflebisTvis ub-

nuri solidaroba da adgilobrivi

iniciativebi saSiSi tendencia iyo.

administraciisTvis yvelaze mniS-

vnelovani mosaxleobis kontroli

iyo da sivrciT organizebasac amis-

Tvis iyenebda. komunistur ideolo-

gias araferi socialuri ar unda

dapirispireboda. eTnikuri ubani

maTTvis swored am saSiSroebas war-

moadgenda. ubanSi adamianebi sivr-

ces akontrolebdnen. iq arsebobda

TviTorganizebis da TviTmmarTve-

lobis elementebi. amitom komunis-

tebma, xalxis dezintegraciis miz-

niT, masobrivi mSenebloba daiwyes _

aSenda axali raionebi da sxvadasxva

eTnosis xalxi iq gafantulad daasa-

xles. eTnikuri ubnebi daikarga.

imas, rasac holandieli urbanis-

ti konstanti akulturaciis zonebs

uwodebs, aqtiuri, socialuri si-

vrceebia. ZiriTadad qalaqis Zveli

ubnebia, sadac ar arsebobs sazRvari

socialur fenebs Soris, sadac am

mravalferovan xalxis masas Zalian

intensiuri komunikacia aqvs. kons-

tanti ambobs, rom swored es konta-

qtia axali kulturuli da socialu-

ri procesebis mTavari mamoZravebeli

muxti. amitomac, biurokratebis ume-

tesoba (radgan biurokratebi marTa-

ven sazogadoebas) mudam erCoda am

teritoriebs. magaliTad marselSi,

nacistebma Zveli porti daangries,

rom am sivrciT Sekrul mosaxleobas

naklebi winaaRmdegoba gaewia. sabWo-

Ta administracia Tu cdilobda Zve-

li Tbilisis ubnebis ganadgurebas _

igive mizniT, anu Tbilisis urbanuli

qsovilis xelovnurad daSlas?

dRes rom vfiqrob, vxvdebi, rom

komunistebi cdilobdnen Zveli Tbi-

lisis ubnebi Tavisi bunebrivi si-

kvdiliT momkvdariyo. xalxs ar aZ-

levdnen saSualebas, sakuTari saxli

SeekeTebinaT, ukrZalavdnen. cxadia,

TviTonac arafers akeTebdnen. ram-

denjerme moxda fasadebis gadaRebva

_ rekonstruqciis imitacia, sazoga-

doebisTvis imis STabeWdilebis Se-

saqmnelad, rom administraciam Zvel

qalaqze izruna. amitom, SesaZloa,

swored amas cdilobdnen.

Seiqmna Tu ara raime faseuli sa-

bWoTa periodis arqiteqturaSi?

stalinuri periodis arqiteqtu-

ra sabWoTa ideologiis gamarjvebis

arsebobs Zalian mkveTrad gamoxatuli kavSiri esTetikur da kulturul

procesebsa da urbanuli garemos cvlilebebs Soris. qalaqi fizikurad gamoxatavs

drois, epoqebis, saxelmwifo sistemebis, ideologiebis da sazogadoebis

cvlilebebs. sivrcis organizebis swori aRqma ki mxolod imis gaazrebaa, rom

qalaqi sxva araferia, Tu ara TviTon sazogadoeba.

48 cxeli Sokoladi

istoria

cxeli Sokoladi 49

ilustracia: salome sixaruliZe

www.beatmagazine.com

istoria

demonstrireba iyo _ Senobebi nacio-

nalisturi ieriTa da socialisturi

SinaarsiT. arqiteqturis am stils

naxevrad JargoniT stalinur ampirs

veZaxiT. ampiri frangulad imperias

niSnavs. es aris adamianis individu-

alurobis ugulebelyofa, sivrciT

formebSi araviTari piradi elemen-

tebis gamovlena. yvelaferi unda

yofiliyo masobrivi. adamiani iyo

WanWiki milion misnairTan erTad,

romelTa erTianobac Seadgenda mo-

noliTur mTlianobas da imarTeboda

erTi mZlavri ZaliT, beladiT. aqe-

dan modis pirovnebis kulti, ro-

gorc nacistur arqiteqturaSi, ise

sabWour arqiteqturaSi. am dros na-

gebobebis grandiozuli ieric mniS-

vnelovani iyo. samudamod aSenebu-

lis STabeWdileba unda daetovebina.

ganwyoba _ energiuli da optimistu-

ri. araviTari refleqsia, eWvianoba,

skepticizmi, iumori, ironia. es yve-

laferi gamoricxuli iyo totali-

taruli arqiteqturis stilSi.

stalinuri ampiris nimuSebia mTa-

vrobis sasaxle, akademia, ̀ imeli~. ̀ ime-

li~ unikaluri artefaqtia. es epoqa

damTavrda da aRarasodes dabrunde-

ba. ìmeli~ cnobilma arqiteqtorma,

Susevma daagegmara. misi arqiteqtu-

ris mxolod ori nimuSi gvaqvs _ in-

turisti baTumSi, romelic davamaxin-

jeT da ìmeli~, romelsac vangrevT.

imeli ukve rusTavelis ganaSenianebis

ganuyofeli nawilia. TviTon Senobac

Rirebulia, rogorc xelovnebis na-

warmoebi. imis gamo, rom es iyo sta-

linuri sisxliani reJimis naSieri da

atarebs am imperialistur niSnebs, ar

SeiZleba misi dangreva gavamarTloT.

imis gamo, rom monaTmflobeloba

cudia, aravis mosdis azrad piramide-

bis dangreva. memorialur centrebad

aqcies sakoncentracio banakebi os-

vencimi, dahau, treblinka da buhen-

valdi. iq xalxi dadis imis sanaxavad,

rom ar daaviwydes warsuli da igive

ar gaimeoros. ìmeli~ istoriuli

Senobaa, iq qarTuli parlamenti mu-

Saobda. bevri istoriuli gadawyveti-

leba iyo miRebuli. samwuxarod, aSe-

nebulia Zalian sustad. es Senoba ver

gauZlebs seriozul biZgs. sardafeb-

Si wyali dgas. radgan gamoCnda inves-

tori, romelsac mis adgilas sastu-

mros aSeneba unda, es aris erTaderTi

SesaZlebloba Zeglis gadarCenis. Tu

Cven vetyviT, rom aaSenon sastumro,

daSalon ìmeli~, magram aRadginon

pirvandeli saxiT, Zegli ar daikar-

geba. dRes arqiteqturis samsaxurSi

mxolod mis demontaJzea Setanili

gancxadeba.

xruSCovis periodSi stalinur

ampirs ukve aRar aSenebdnen. ra iyo

sabWoTa administraciis axali pre-

rogativa?

arqiteqturuli zedmetobebis

epoqas bolo mouRo xruSCovma. man

Tqva, _ Zalian cotas da zedme-

tad grandiozuls vaSenebTo, _ da

daiwyo masobrivi mSenebloba ti-

puri proeqtebiT. ai, maSin gaCnda

saburTalo, Temqa, mesame masivi,

afrika da sxva ubnebi. sacxovrebeli

ubnebis ideologiuri prerogativa

iyo sivrcis anonimuroba, usaxoba.

grZeldeboda igive politika eTni-

kuri ubnebis mimarT, sazogadoebis

dezintegraciis mizniT. mSeneblo-

bis xarisxi Zalian dabali iyo. aT

weliwadSi ukve Camoirecxa saReba-

vi, Camoecala baTqaSi, saxuravebi

dazianda. Tu Senobebis moraluri

cveTa 25 weli iyo, fizikuri cve-

Ta kidev ufro naklebi, 10-15 weli

aRmoCnda. dRes es e.w. xruSCovkebi

absoluturad amortizebulia. am

umZimesi memkvidreobis eqspluata-

cia da remonti Zalian Znelia.

rogor gamoxata Tanamedrove, 90-

iani wlebis qaosuri, gardamavali

periodi qalaqma? socialisturi

wyobis kapitalisturi sistemiT Ca-

nacvlebam TavisTavad Secvala ko-

leqtivizmis gageba da koleqtivis

wevrebi kerZo mesakuTreebad iqcnen.

es cvlilebac aisaxa qalaqSi?

urbanuli procesebic iseTive qa-

oturi iyo, rogorc socialuri, Tu

politikuri situacia. mosaxleoba

ar aRmoCnda mzad privatizaciisTvis.

ar gvqonda gaazrebuli, ras niSnavda

koleqtivis kerZo mesakuTris ideiT

Canacvleba. mosaxleobam ezoebSi

daiwyo teritoriebis pasterizacia

da gaCnda bostnebi, vazi, qaTmebi, ce-

xebi, farexebi da aS. gaCnda miSeneba-

daSenebebi. iman, rac manamde yvelasi

da amave dros aravisi iyo, gaugebro-

ba gaaCina. sakuTari teritoria mosa-

xleobam saxlis zRurblamde moniSna,

mis gareT ukve `misi~ aRar iyo. ar

zrunavda sadarbazoze, ezoze, ra-

sac adre centralizebuli saqalaqo

samsaxurebi akeTebdnen. es simaxinje

dRemde grZeldeba.

xelisuflebam xeli daibana da

mosaxleobas uTxra, rom sakuTari

teritoriisTvis amieridan TviTon

unda miexeda. Cveni garemo Zalian

primitiuli aRmoCnda da amitom

ver ganicada drosTan adekvaturi

metamorfoza.


saqarTvelos konstituciaSi weria, rom qveynis sivrciTi mowyobis koncefcia

gveqneba maSin, roca davibrunebT afxazeTs da samaCablos. qveyana viTardeba

stiqiuri urbanuli kanonebiT, romlis kontrolic ubralod SeuZlebelia. ar

arsebobs aranairi urbanuli ganviTarebis generaluri gegma, gadawyvetilebebi

miiReba voluntaristulad, impulsurad. Sesabamisad, es gadawyvetilebebi

vulgarulia da ver Wris qalaqis problemebs.

50 cxeli Sokoladi

istoria

ilustracia: salome sixaruliZe

www.beatmagazine.com

saqarTveloSi TviTmfrinaviT Cavfrindi. Tbilisis

`dedofali anas~ saerTaSoriso aeroportidan Zlivs

gamovaRwie. uzarmazaria da Tan Zalian saintereso _

Tbilisis municipalitetma sworad gaTvala, rode-

sac aeroportSi 21-e saukunis sazRvarze aRmosavleT

evropaSi yvelaze didi sainformacio centri gaxsna.

aq SegiZliaT miiRoT informacia ara mxolod saqar-

Tveloze, aramed mTel evropaze. aeroportis gasas-

vlelSi didi warweraa _ evropa iwyeba aq. rodesac

gamovedi, Senobas garedan Sevxede. aeroportis saxe-

lwodebis qveS didi asoebiT aweria _ azia mTavrdeba

aq. anu, me Tavi amovyavi iq, sadac iwyeba evropa da

mTavrdeba azia.

qalaqSi matarebliT wavedi. es aris specialuri xazi,

romelic aeroports da Tbilisis (mTeli saqarTve-

losi da evropa-aziis) mTavar sarkinigzo magistrals

erTmaneTTan akavSirebs. saerTod, Tbilisis rkinigza

da metropoliteni msoflioSia ganTqmuli.

is metropoliteni, merve ki ara, pirveli saocreba

unda iyos. es aris sistema, romelic qarTvelma inJin-

rebma Seqmnes da romlis analogic msoflioSi ar ar-

sebobs. Tbilisis metropolitenSi dilis eqvs saaTze

daZruli matarebeli Ramis or saaTamde ar Cerdeba.

sistema isea mowyobili, rom rodesac matarebeli ba-

qans uaxlovdeba, baqani zustad matareblis siCqariT

iwyebs paralelur moZraobas. mgzavrebi gamodian da

baqanic nel-nela Cerdeba, matarebeli ki siCqares uma-

tebs da gzas agrZelebs. paralelurad baqani iwyebs

ukusvlas da sadgurSi brundeba. qarTvelma specia-

listebma daadgines, rom am sistemis Sedegad mgza-

vrebi dros ver igeben _ igive dro exarjebaT, rac

Cveulebriv metropolitenebSi, magram sistemas aqvs

erTi mniSvnelovani mxare _ is orjer nakleb energias

moiTxovs, vidre sxva nebismieri. saqme isaa, rom mata-

reblis daZvras miaqvs im energiis 60%, rasac mTeli

samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi TiTo matarebeli iyene-

bs. ase ki dReSi erTxel daZruli matarebeli 60%-iT

nakleb energias moixmars. garda amisa, gamokvleulia,

rom TbilisSi konkretulad metropolitenis sanaxa-

vad yovelwliurad 100 000-ze meti turisti Cadis,

rac qalaqis biujetisTvis damatebiT Semosavals war-

moadgens. proeqtis avtorebi ki, romlebic analogiur

sistemas dRemde amontaJeben msoflios sxvadasxva me-

gapolisebSi, Hi-Tech Millenium-ma axali aTaswleulis

gamomgoneblebad daasaxela.

saqarTvelos rkinigzis ganviTareba 1972 wels

avtori: sandro naveriani

ilustracia: maia sumbaZe

alternatiuli Tbilisialternatiuli Tbilisi

istoria

52 cxeli Sokoladi

statiaSi gamoyenebulia masalebi `Tbilisis forumze~ gamarTuli diskusiidan _ `alternatiuli Tbilisis istoria~

daiwyo, maSin qarTulma mxarem Sinkanzen-is qselis ga-

saviTareblad TanamSromlobis xelSekruleba dado

Kawasaki Heavy Industries-Tan da Japan railways-Tan.

pirvel etapze daigegma Tbilisis da foTis dakav-

Sireba swrafi matarebliT. xazis eqspluatacia 1974

wels daiwyo. Sinkanzen Tbilisidan foTSi Casvlas 3

saaTs andomebda. unda aRiniSnos, rom im dros jer

kidev ar arsebobda franguli TGV da germanuli ICE. 80-ian wlebSi axali xazebi daemata: Tbilisi-baTumi,

Tbilisi-soxumi, Tbilisi-vale, Tbilisi-axalqalaqi

da Tbilisi-Telavi. siswrafec, bunebrivia, gaizarda

da axla ukve, saSualod, 300 km/sT-s miaRwia. amis gamo,

sruliad Cveulebriv movlenad aris qceuli sacxo-

vrebeli adgilidan 100-200 kilometriT daSorebul

adgilas muSaoba:

magaliTad, xaSurels (aRmosavleT saqarTvelo,

Tbilisidan 120km) uproblemod SeuZlia dilaobiT

TbilisSi an foTSi (saporto qalaqi Sav zRvaze) sa-

msaxurSi iaros da saRamoobiT saxlSi dabrundes.

universitetis profesors SeuZlia diliT vakeSi Caa-

taros leqcia, SuadRisas TelavSi (aRmosavleT saqar-

Tvelo Tbilisidan 200km) wavides seminarze da saRa-

mos TbilisSi dabrundes kolokviumze. erTi sityviT,

mTeli saqarTvelos gadaserva sul raRac oTx saaTSia

SesaZlebeli da amitomac aris, rom TbilisSi faqto-

brivad aRar arian mudmivi mosaxleebi. qalaqis mosa-

xleobas ZiriTadad studentebi da profesor-maswav-

leblebi warmoadgenen, umravlesobas ki _ gamvlelebi,

anu turistebi da saxelmwifo moxeleebi. es ukanask-

nelni Zalianac ki iTxoven saxelmwifo struqturebis

decentralizacias da qveynis masStabiT mimofantvas,

magram Catarebuli referendumis Sedegad, romelmac

mTeli qveyana moicva, cnobili gaxda, rom saqarTve-

los mosaxleobis did nawils ar surs sakuTar qalaq-

Si/sofelSi ixilos esa Tu is saxelmwifo struqtura.

saqarTvelos mosaxleobis udidesi nawili ki swored

Tbiliss gareT cxovrobs. aman ganapiroba, rom Tbi-

liss droTa ganmavlobaSi sauniversiteto qalaqi

daerqva, miuxedavad imisa, rom Tbilisi saqarTvelos

oficialuri dedaqalaqia.

oficialuri sauniversiteto qalaqi vakeSi, varazis

xevidan yifSiZis quCamde Taflisferi bolnuri tu-

fiT mopirkeTebuli kolejebiT aris gaSenebuli. vakis

sauniversiteto qalaqad gadakeTeba 1911 wels daiwyo.

swored im wels, rodesac saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobam aRiara, rogorc damoukidebeli sa-

xelmwifo. swored maSin gadawyda, rom ganaTleba sa-

xelmwifos prioriteti unda yofiliyo. ukanaskneli

kampusi 1962 wels aSenda. mas Semdeg UniverCITY (swored

ase icnoben msoflioSi vakis sauniversiteto qalaqs)

msoflios wamyvan ramdenime universitets iTvlis. sa-

ocaria, magram ganaTlebis/mecnierebis sfero imdenad

ganviTarebulia (mTel saqarTveloSi), rom am sferoSi

investiciebis Cadeba biznesmenTaTvis erT-erTi yve-

laze momgebiani saqmea da ucxoeli investorebi ara-

fers iSureben, oRond rames Caavlon xeli.

Tbilisel studentebze bevri ram msmenia: meambo-

xeebi, pacifistebi, TavisuflebisTvis mebrZolebi...

TiTqmis yvela studenturi moZraoba, romelmac sa-

myaroSi cvlilebebi moitana, Secvala faseulobebi da

zogadad azrovneba, swored TbilisSi iwyeboda. swo-

red TbilisSi, 1930 wels, germanelma studentma oto

litbarskim wamoiwyo saprotesto moZraoba lozungiT

`diqtatura uniformebiT iwyeba~. saprotesto talRam

erT wels gastana da aziis yvelaze Rrma junglebamdec

ki miaRwia _ Tbilisel studentebs, da kerZod oto

litbarskis, mTeli msofliodan milionobiT studen-

ti ucxadebda solidarobas. 1931 wlidan ki Tbilisis

universitetebSi xelmZRvanelebma gaauqmes uniforme-

bis tarebis wesi. Semdeg analogiuri nabiji gadadges

sxva qveynebis universitetebmac. oto litbarskis ki

1979 wels iranelma studentebma Zegli daudges. otos

SiSveli gamosaxuleba aRmosavlur ubanSi, faliaSvi-

lis da rigis quCebis kuTxeSi, goli Tarayisa da ji-

bran xalil jibranis saxlebs Soris dgas.

sxvaTa Soris, swored otos Zeglis Semxedvares

gauCnda survili nikos maxlass, berZen students,

TbilisSi masobrivi nudisturi msvleloba moewyo,

ramac sabolood tradiciuli saxe miiRo da 1982 wli-

dan moyolebuli is yvelaze masStabur nudistur aR-

lumad iTvleba _ iwyeba otos Zeglidan da mTavrdeba

santiago kalatravas mier agebuli baraTaSvilis xi-

dis qveS, mtkvris napiras, sadac pirvelad gaSiSvlda

fotokameris win merlin monro.

istoria

cxeli Sokoladi 53

bevr qveyanaSi var namyofi da iqauri xalxic kargad

vici, Zveli da axali Taobac. me minaxavs axalgazrde-

bi, studentebi, romlebisTvisac yvelaze mniSvnelovan

faseulobas Zvirfasi nivTebi warmoadgens: manqana, sa-

mkaulebi, saxli, iaxta... am axalgazrdebs es atributika

imisTvis sWirdebaT, rom sazogadoebaSi adgili daimkvi-

dron da imkvidreben kidec imitom, rom egeT garemoSi

cxovroben. axalgazrda biWebi, romlebic fiqroben, rom

narkotikis zemoqmedebis qveS myofs ufro didi Sansi

aqvs magari gogos dabmis da iq asec aris, imitom, rom

is gogoebic ase fiqroben _ Tu misi biWi xuligani iq-

neba, narkotikebsac miiRebs da misi gulisTvis vinmes

tyviasac dauSens, maSin is yvelaze magari gogo iqneba

Tavis wreSi. aseTi axalgazrdebis Semyure sul vfiqro-

bdi, _ yvela aseTia yvela qveyanaSi, mec aseTi viyavi?

magram ara, TbilisSi ver naxavT axalgazrdas, romelic

moRuSuli Semogxedavs imis gamo, rom Tma iisfrad ga-

qvs SeRebili. aq Sen ar iqnebi diskreditirebuli Seni

pirsingebis an orientaciis gamo. aq ar ainteresebT Seni

rasa, warmomavloba, gvariSviloba, religiuri aRmsare-

bloba Tu politikuri mrwamsi _ Tbiliseli studentebi

arian adamianebi, romlebic msoflioSi yvelaze metad

afaseben Tavisuflebas, ibrZvian TavisuflebisTvis da

amitomac arian yvelaze Tavisuflebi.

sauniversiteto qalaqSi ocze meti studenturi sa-

zogadoeba da klubia: „ixvistolmelebi~, „mwevrebi da

seterebi~, „riCard uilbremis fiakri~, „oTara Zias

xinkali da mwvadi~, „henri morganis sazogadoeba~, „ra-

qaT luxumiT gawepili TiTebi~, „sazogadoeba qedani~,

„viskis klubi~, „panta ra xilia~, „saferavelebi~, „qve-

vristebi~, „xurma da karalioki~, `gargantuelebi~ da

`oh, Senca brutus?!~... maT droTa ganmavlobaSi sai-

dentifikacio damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi Camouyali-

bdaT. isini yvelafriT gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisgan,

garda erTisa _ Tavisuflebis siyvaruliT.

am sazogadoebebs Soris xSirad imarTeba Sejibre-

bebi. me gamimarTla, rom swored yvelaze saintereso

dRes Seveswari _ mTeli studentoba kustbis mTas iyo

Seseuli da yovelwliur studentur krivSi iRebda

monawileobas, romelic yvelierSi imarTeba. uamravi

studenti erTmaneTSia areuli, vin vis urtyams, kacma

ar icis. Tumca arsebobs wesebi, romelsac studente-

bi Tavisive usafrTxoebis mizniT icaven. tradiciad

aris qceuli krivSi profesor-maswavleblebis monawi-

leobac. am tradicias safuZveli 40-ian wlebSi martin

haidegerma Cauyara. man icoda, mis erT-erT students

boRma axrCobda imis gamo, rom ioane petriwis kursi

Seawyvetina. amas yoveldRe xedavda da amitomac gada-

wyvita, krivSi mieRo monawileoba da studentisTvis

saSualeba mieca, javri eyara. im dRis Semdeg haide-

gers Turme ori kviriT yvelasTvis Seuwyvitavs io-

ane petriwis kursi, radgan tvinis Seryeva miuRia da

sawolidan ver dgeboda. mas Semdeg profesor-maswav-

leblebi imave mizeziT iReben SejibrSi monawileobas,

miuxedavad imisa, rom umravlesobas Zalianac ar unda.

studentebi ki mTeli weli am dRes elodebian da did

siamovnebasac iReben.

bibina molze sxva mayureblebTan erTad vijeqi da

seirs vuyurebdi. marjvniv, marcxniv, yvelgan daga-

dugi midioda. uceb, Cem fexebTan sakmaod zorba,

wverebiani kaci daeca. wamodga, bodiSi momixada da

gatexili saTvalis asaRebad daixara. es umberto eko

iyo, romelic sxva profesor-maswavleblebTan erTad

krivSi iRebda monawileobas. es ukve meoTxe saTvalea,

_ qoSiniT amoTqva umbertom da gverdze Camomijda, _

daviRale... davberdi... _ Tqva man da sigareti mTxova.

es SemTxveva xelidan ar gamiSvia da krivis dasrule-

bamde vsaubrobdiT.

umberto eko Gold corn fi eld-Si, oqroyanaSi cxovro-

bs. oqroyana Tbiliss dahyurebs da mis yvelaze axlo

gareubnad iTvleba, miuxedavad imisa, rom Tbiliss

ekuTvnis. oqroyana droTa ganmavlobaSi emigrantebis

dasaxlebad gadaiqca. Tumca isic unda iTqvas, rom mu-

dmivi binadari dRes ukve Zalian cotaa. saxlebis Ziri-

Tadi nawili qiravdeba mdidar ucxoelebze, romlebic

TbilisSi dasasveneblad Camodian wlis ama Tu im pe-

riodSi. Tumca, arian mudmivi binadrebic, magaliTad

henri kisinjeri, romelic emigraciaSia. is afrikel

diqtatorTan, Jan bedel bokasasTan TanamSromlobaSi

daadanaSaules da aSS-dan gamoqceva mouwia. aqve cxo-

vrobs desmond tutu, romelic samxreT afrikidan ra-

sizmis gamovlinebis axal talRas gamoeqca. saqveynod

istoria

54 cxeli Sokoladi

cnobili adamianebidan aq kidev erTi, roman polanski

cxovrobs, romelzec FBI-s, interpols da evropols

saqme aqvs aRZruli. gagikvirdebaT, magram mas kubis

policiac eZebs. Tumca, saqarTvelos xelisuflebas es

naklebad adardebs, radgan, miuxedavad yvelafrisa, po-

lanskis filmebs mainc mTeli msoflio uyurebs, is ki

filmebs saqarTveloSi iRebs da, Sesabamisad, saqarTve-

los saxeliT. henri kisinjeri, rogori gasvrilic unda

hqondes sisxlian almasebSi xeli, mainc Zalian saWiro

adamiania. swored misi Camosvlis Semdeg gaSifra qar-

Tulma uSiSroebam rusuli efesbes (yofili `kagebe~)

agentebi. rac Seexeba desmond tutus, man Zalian didi

popularoba moutana saqarTvelos da konkretulad

Tbiliss. kerZod, gldanSi aSenda `msoflios Savkanian

devnil bavSvTa banaki~. simarTle iTqvas, Tbilisis mu-

nicipalitetis am nabijma sagrZnoblad ganmuxta kisin-

jeris da polanskis gamo Seqmnili daZabuli urTier-

Toba saqarTvelosa da aSS/evrokavSirs Soris.

oqroyanas 70-iani wlebis bolos rekonstruqcia

Cautarda. Tbilisis meriam arqiteqturis fakulte-

tis studentebs SesTavaza, daeproeqtebinaT axali

oqroyana, Tumca studentebma ukeTesi gegma SesTava-

zes _ TbilisSi unda CamoeyvanaT msoflios cnobili

arqiteqtorebi, romelTa mizanic Semdegi unda yo-

filiyo: yvela saxli iyos individualuri, gansxvave-

buli stilis, sxvadasxva epoqis. amitomac oqroyanas

araoficialurad msoflios arqiteqturis muzeums

uwodeben.

saerTod, Tbilisis arqiteqtura mravalferovnebiT

gamoirCeva. gasuli saukunis dasawyisSi TbilisSi e.w.

qarTuli modernis stili gabatonda, romelic klasi-

kur modernze dayrdnobiT qarTvelma arqiteqtorebma

da dizainerebma Seqmnes. am stiliTaa nagebi aleqsan-

dres baRs Cayolebuli sastumroebis umetesoba, so-

lolakis da veris saxlebi, universitetebi da saSua-

lo skolebi. miwisqveSa Rvinis gvirabebic am stiliTaa

nageb-momSvenebuli... Tumca amaze cota qveviT moga-

xsenebT. am stilis ramdenime mimdinareoba arsebobs:

imeruli ar nuvo, svanuri iugendstili da odnav mo-

gvianebiT _ xevsuruli ar deko.

qalaqis centrSi, sadac aseTi siWrele warmoudgene-

lia, fasadebi an qviT aris mopirkeTebuli, an bunebri-

vi qvis speqtrSia SeRebili.


`mdabio~ prostituciam cota xniT pirdapir kaxeTis gzatkecilze gadainacvla,

SemdegSi ki evropul yaidaze, Riad `daregulirda~: dRes TbilisSi arsebobs

specialuri quCa, oRond, amsterdamisgan gansxvavebiT, fanjrebSi mxolod

`gogonebis~ fotosuraTebis gamomzeurebaa daSvebuli, da pisuarebic gareT ar dgas.

swored TbilisSi, 1930 wels, germanelma studentma oto litbarskim wamoiwyo

saprotesto moZraoba lozungiT `diqtatura uniformebiT iwyeba~. saprotesto

talRam erT wels gastana da aziis yvelaze Rrma junglebamdec ki miaRwia

_ Tbilisel studentebs, da kerZod oto litbarskis, mTeli msofliodan

milionobiT studenti ucxadebda solidarobas.

istoria

cxeli Sokoladi 55

istoria

56 cxeli Sokoladi

ina gudavaZe

2008 wlis 14 Tebervlis dilas

daunsaid menorTan qviT moki-

rwyluli, wriuli samanqano biliki

ukve mersedesisa da bmv-s limuzi-

nebiT iyo savse. mZRolebi da da-

cvis biWebi jguf-jgufad idgnen,

laparakobdnen da sigarets eweod-

nen, SavebSi Cacmuli stumrebi ki

marmarilos kibeebze miikvlevdnen

gzas saxlisken, romelic qarTvel

miliarders arkadi, badri patarka-

ciSvils ekuTvnoda.

stumrebis didi nawili sareis

rezidenciaSi londonidan Cavida,

sxvebi niu iorkidan, Tbilisidan

da moskovidan Cafrindnen TiTqmis

maSinve, rogorc ki 52 wlis badri

patarkaciSvilis sikvdilis Sesaxeb

Seityves.

patarkaciSvili ori dRiT adre

sakuTar saZinebelSi, ojaxuri sa-

dilis Semdeg gardaicvala. es am-

bavi ina gudavaZes ise moulodne-

lad daatyda Tavs, rom dakrZalvis

ceremonialis dasagegmad dro

TiTqmis ar darCa. samagierod, ba-

dris gardacvalebis Sesaxeb cnoba

swrafad gavrcelda. saqarTveloSi

14 Tebervals ukve dawyebuli iyo

samgloviaro rituali saqarTve-

los umdidresi moqalaqisa da erT-

erTi yvelaze didi filantropis

pativsacemad, romelmac, rogorc

amboben, 2001 wels mTel Tbiliss

gadauxada gazis gadasaxadi. sa-

qarTvelos erT-erTi udidesi te-

lesadguris mflobeli patarka-

ciSvili saakaSvilis politikuri

opoziciis msxvili damfinansebe-

lic iyo, bolo saprezidento ar-

CevnebSi ki _ prezidentobis erT-

erTi kandidatic.

ucnobi sainformacio arxebis sa-

SualebiT axali ambavi umal moedo

ruseTidan gaqceuli miliarderi

oligarqebis samyarosac. vidre

2001 wels putinma oligarqebis

didi nawili qveynidan ar gaaqcia,

patarkaciSvili moskovSi erT-erT

yvelaze Zlevamosil saqmosnad iTv-

leboda, romelic piradad daexmara

inJiner putins gaprezidentebaSi.

partniorebTan, boris berezovski-

sa da roman abramoviCTan erTad,

patarkaciSvili iyo kaci, romelic

sabWoTa kavSiris dangrevis Semdeg

uceb movardnili kapitalizmis xa-

naSi daepatrona uzarmazar media,

industriul da biznesholdingebs.

patarkaciSvilma moixveWa usazR-

vro imperia, romelsac 12 miliard

dolarad afasebdnen.

sareiSi, patarkaciSvilis mamul-

Si abramoviCi ar Casula, magram iq

iyo berezovski _ badris uaxloesi

megobari. iq iyvnen politikosebi,

mediis warmomadgenlebi, bankirebi,

advokatebi da ojaxis megobrebi

Tbilisidan. daunsaid menoris or

sasadilo oTaxSi mdgar magidebze

qarTuli da rusuli delikatese-

biT savse TefSebis teva aRar iyo,

magram stumrebi kerZebs ar etane-

bodnen. mgloviareebi or udabnosa-

viT Tvaluwvdnel oTaxSi dadiod-

nen da dabal xmaze saubrobdnen,

zogic terasaze idga, saidanac 20

milion dolarad Sefasebuli mamu-

li da gakreWili gazonebis vrceli

mwkrivebi iSleboda.

zustad aravis axsovs, rodis ga-

moCnda mamulSi ori stumari. iq

Sekrebili sazogadoeba badris si-

kvdilis gamo jerac ver mosuliyo

gons, amitom maTi gamoCena arc

SeumCneviaT. badri maTTvis iyo ga-

morCeulad xelgaSlili adamiani,

romelic yovelTvis yvelaze zru-

navda, da rogorc ojaxis erTma me-

gobarma Tqva, misi sikvdili `didi

danakargi iyo~.

roca sastumro oTaxSi Sekrebi-

lebs ori mamakaci Seeria, eWvi ara-

ferze auRiaT. erT-erT maTgans,

jozef keis stumrebis didi nawi-

li kargad icnobda. kei _ 51 wlis

qarTveli-amerikeli niu iorkidan,

badris garebiZaSvili da ndobiT

aRWurvili biznes-mrCeveli gaxl-

daT. ai, meore mamakaci ki, romelic

keis axlda, aravis ecno. is aRmoCn-

da keis niu iorkeli advokati, ema-

nuel zelceri.

badris 54 wlis qvrivi, ina guda-

vaZe ixsenebs, rom odnav Secbunda,

avtori: suzana endriusi,

inglisuridan Targmna Tamar babuaZem

statia pirvelad daibeWda JurnalSi VANITY FAIR oqtomberi, 2009

qvrivi da oligarqebi

istoria

2008 wlis TebervalSi saqarTvelos umdidresi adamianis, badri patarkaciSvilis uecarma sikvdilma rusuli

oligarqiis ulmobeli samyaro erTianad Seazanzara. ina gudavaZe meuRlis saqmian partniors, ruseTidan

gaqceul miliarders, boris berezovskis daupirispirda da memkvidreobis garSemo atexil udides davaSi

CaerTo, amerikeli advokati ki belarusis Sroma-gasworebiT koloniaSi moxvda.

londonsa da niu iorkSi istoriis mTavar moTamaSeebTan Sexvedrebis Semdeg avtori gviambobs ambavs

gayalbebisa da saidumlo qorwinebis, TviTmfrinaviT gatacebisa da aTasgvari maqaniciebis Sesaxeb.

cxeli Sokoladi 57

zelcerisa da keis mtkicebiT,

badrim gardacvalebamde sami TviT

adre moawera anderZs xeli, 2007

wlis 14 noembers, niu iorkSi,

pirdapir quCaSi gareganaTebis

Suqze. es maSin moxda, rodesac

franklinis quCis kuTxeSi

mdebare restoran Nobu Next Door-

Si megobrebTan erTad sadilobda

da sufra sul ramdenime wuTiT

datova, viTomda haerze

gamosasvlelad da sigaretis

mosawevad.

roca zelcerma sTxova, _ badris

anderZis Sesaxeb calke unda dage-

laparakoTo. ina ambobs, rom eWvi

Tavidan araferze auRia, magram ra-

mdenime wuTSi zelceris saTqmel-

ma yvelaferi Secvala. man inas ga-

nucxada, rom badris advokati iyo

da rom swored masTan inaxeboda

miliarderi micvalebulis ukanask-

neli anderZi, qonebis gankargvis Se-

saxeb sabuTebi da sxva xelmowerili

dokumentacia. es yvelaferi ki mas

da keis, rogorc anderZis aRmasru-

lebels, aniWebdaT qonebis gankar-

vaze sruli kontrolis uflebas.

ina ixsenebs, rom zelceris gan-

cxadebam Tavzari dasca: mis meuR-

les arasdros uxsenebia, rom hyavda

advokati, gvarad zelceri. Tumca

es mxolod dasawyisi iyo. iman, rac

zelcerma Semdeg Tqva, inas lapa-

rakis unari sul mTlad daukarga.

man inas uTxra, rom radganac is

da badri 29 wlis col-qmari iyv-

nen, inas, anderZis mixedviT, qone-

bis mniSvnelovani nawili ergeboda.

Tumca, badris cxovrebaSi iyo sxva

qalic. es qali moskovSi cxovrobda

Tavis 14 wlis vaJTan, devidTan er-

Tad da devidic badris memkvidre

iyo. inam amis Sesaxeb araferi ico-

da. marTalia, deda-Svili qonebaze

pretenzias ar acxadebda, magram es

isedac igulisxmeboda.

meore dRes zelceri da kei ba-

dris investiciebis menejerebTan

sasaubrod londonis ofisSi mivid-

nen. maT gardacvlili miliarderis

sabanko angariSebis Sesaxeb infor-

macia moiTxoves. daaxloebiT erT

kviraSi kei ukve akontrolebda

badris telearx `imeds~, cota xnis

Semdeg ki _ badris kuTvnil fiSeris

kunZulsac _ 216 akrze gadaWimul

ulamazes adgils maiamisTan axlos,

sadac mezoblad ofra uinfrisa da

julia robertss hqondaT saxlebi.

Tavzardacemulma patarkaciSvile-

bma da ojaxis mrCevlebma mTeli sa-

buTebi gadaaqoTes _ iCxrikebodnen

failebSi, erTmaneTis miyolebiT

xsnidnen seifebs, magram amaod. sxva

anderZs ver miakvlies. TiTqos, ba-

dri ise gardaicvala, anderZi ar

datova. Tu datova?

badri patarkaciSvilis gardacva-

lebidan 19 Tvis Tavze es kiTxva

kvlavac aqtualuria da isev memkvi-

dreobis gamo atexili skandalis

mTavar problemas warmoadgens. dra-

ma, romelsac msoflios sxvadasxva

sasamarTlo darbazSi ganixilaven,

maT Soris londonSi, niu iorkSi,

TbilisSi, moskovsa da gibraltarSi,

gayalbebisa da maqaniciebis sastiki

urTierTbraldebebiT aris savse.

istoria

58 cxeli Sokoladi

badri patarkaciSvili meuRlesTan,

ina gudavaZesTan erTad

Zveli megobrebi erTmaneTs gada-

ekidnen _ axla sasamarTlom unda

gadawyvitos, aris Tu ara berezo-

vski marTali, rodesac amtkicebs,

rom badris saerTaSoriso biznesim-

periis naxevari mas ekuTvnis. rac

ufro didi dro gadis, miT ufro

ixlarTeba saqme, siuJeti ki ise

rTuldeba, rom civi omis droindel

Spionur trilers emsgavseba _ kerZo

TviTmfrinaviT gataceba, amerikeli

iuristis belarusul cixeSi ga-

momwyvdeva, mis gasaTavisufleblad

saqmeSi àmnesti interneSenalis~,

aSS-s saxelmwifo departamentis da

kongresmenebis CarTva.

sicocxleSi badri patarkaciS-

vili iyo kaci, romelsac yvela

endoboda. yvelasgan gamorCeuli

biznesmeni _ àdamiani, romelic

garSemo yvelafers akontroleb-

da~, _ ambobs rusi biznesmeni vla-

dimir voronovi, romelsac badris-

Tan 15 wlis megobroba akavSirebs.

im adamianebis umravlesoba, rom-

lebic patarkaciSvils kargad ic-

noben, amtkicebs, rom emanuel

zelcerisa da jozef keis mier war-

modgenili anderZi yalbia. maT azri

arc mas Semdeg SeucvliaT, rac qar-

Tulma sasamarTlom gaiTvaliswina

jozef keis apelacia da gadawyvita,

rom kei patarkaciSvilis memkvidre-

obis sruluflebiani aRmasrulebe-

li piri iyo. am adamianebma Seityves,

rom arsebobda raRac sakiTxebi, ra-

sac badri saidumlod inaxavda. ma-

galiTad, gamoCnda moskoveli qali,

romelzec badris 11 wlis win sai-

dumlod uqorwinia _ zelceris wya-

lobiT, male gavrcelda qorwinebis

mowmobis asli da sankt-peterburg-

Si gamarTuli saqorwino ritualis

amsaxveli fotoebic.

rodesac badris mrCevlebma misi

dokumentebis Seswavla daiwyes, ga-

ocebulebi darCnen. moulodnelad

gairkva, rom badris aqtivebis mniS-

vnelovani nawili arsad fiqsirde-

boda: saqaRaldeebSi awydebodnen

cariel mindobilobebs, carieli min-

dobilobebis Sesaxeb, aseve: msxvil

kontraqtebs, romlebic werilobiT

arasdros gaformebula. badris sa-

xeliT TiTqmis arc erTi operacia

ar tardeboda, yvelafers misi ba-

vSvobis megobrebis, nacnobebis anda

metic _ virtualuri ucnobebis

saxeli ewera. martin pompaduris,

`nius korp~-is yofili aRmasrulebe-

li direqtoris TqmiT, ès iyo Soki

yvelasTvis, vinc badris icnobda~.

badris jozef keis saxeliT hqonda

gaformebuli milionobiT dolariT

Sefasebuli qonebac.


istoria

cxeli Sokoladi 59

jozef kei boris berezovski

fotoproeqti

60 cxeli Sokoladi

fotograf beso uznaZes araferi akavSirebs qoreograf pina bauSTan. magram

mgonia, rom Tanamedrove qoreografiis mier zafxulSi gamotirebuli, cekvis

yvelaze didi dedis fraza: `me ar mainteresebs rogor moZraoben adamianebi, me

mainteresebs ra amoZravebT maT~, beso uznaZis personaJebsac exebaT. ara aqvs

mniSvneloba foniWalaSi cxovroben isini Tu varkeTilSi, londonis kargad mov-

lil kensingtonSi binadroben Tu haid parkSi kviraobiT daaboteben.

besos fotopersonaJebs mis bolo proeqtSi saxelwodebiT `paraleluri

cxovreba~, erTi ucnauri survili ipyrobT: rogorme monatrebuli simSvide

Seirgon, gaSlil loginze cota xniT Camosxdnen, gairindon da mere nairgvari

lamazi Tu eniT uTqmeli mamaZaRlobebi Caidinon...

`paraleluri cxovrebis~ qalebic da kacebic (gnebavT pirobiTad davarq-

vaT `uxmo gadaZaxili londonidan TbilisSi~) imitom arian sainteresoni, rom

ver xvdebiT ra faruli survilebi amoZravebT. zogs sakuTari danaxva sarkeSi

aSinebs, zogi aSkarad sxeuliT tkbeba, zogi egzistenciur xifaTSia gareuli,

zogs bunebasTan harmonia ezmaneba Tu eZvirfaseba... rogorc mSier melas qaTami.

zogsac sul male dedobrivi instinqti gaeRviZeba.

Znelia gaigo ra xdeba londonSi mcxovrebi, arcTu keTili pensionerebis Tavs,

an sWirdeba Tu ara `viagra~ damwyeb pornovarskvlavs. iseve rogorc, rTulia

paralelebis gavleba TbilisSi lamazad gatrunul ana mayaSvilTan an siZveliT

da valebiT gadaRlil guga kotetiSvilTan.

axali proeqti beso uznaZisTvis ukve karga xania dawyebulia da warmatebu-

licaa. 2009 wlis zafxulSi, romSi, `palaco dela kolecioneSi~ warmodgenili

gamofena ukve istoriulia, Tundac imitom, rom avtorTa prestiJul nusxaSi

beso aRmosavleT evropidan erTaderTi fotoxelovani iyo. samwuxarod veraf-

riT moxerxda TbilisSi am gamofenis mowyoba, rac minimum Cvens uniaTobaze

ufro metyvelebs.

rogor ar iyoCaRa ideiT anTebulma ana korZaia-samadaSvilma, magram verc Zvel

ubanSi, sadme dangreul SenobaSi da verc daumTavrebel axal saxlSi ver mox-

erxda fotoproeqtis gamofena. mere zarmaci zafxuli movida, mere Semodgomis

uricxvi festivalobana da darCnen besos personaJebi Tbilisuri gamofenis gar-

eSe. odnav glamuruli da ufro artistuli dasavluri fotoJurnalebis amara.

vin icis, iqneb iq ufro warmoCindes paraleluri ̀ sxeulebis~ melanqolia. bolos

da bolos, sadac ar unda dabeWdo es fotoebi, suls ver gamodevni. verc jor-

jones `veneras~ msgavsi qalis sxeulidan da verc tato kotetiSvilis Tvalebi-

dan, saidanac reJisori mamis `hamletic~ imzireba.

am fotoebis naxvis Semdeg grCebaT STabeWdileba, rom ̀ paraleluri cxovreba~,

ase vTqvaT, dauswrebladac gagrZeldeba. mere ra, rom londonur padingtonSi

wiTeli avtobusi dadis, xolo Tbilisur varkeTilSi _ yviTeli... da rogorc

ki fotoebs SexedavT (sulerTia sad, londonsa Tu TbilisSi), ar SeiZleba am

ucnaurad sevdian adamianebze cota xans mainc ar ifiqro. romelTac, pina bauSis

speqtaklebis personaJebisa ar iyos, ver mixvdebiT ra amoZravebT.

daviT buxrikiZe

foto: beso uznaZe

fotoproeqti

uxmo paralelebi

cxeli Sokoladi 61

fotoproeqti

62 cxeli Sokoladi

fotoproeqti

cxeli Sokoladi 63

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64 cxeli Sokoladi

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cxeli Sokoladi 65

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66 cxeli Sokoladi

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cxeli Sokoladi 67

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68 cxeli Sokoladi

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cxeli Sokoladi 69

isaqarTvelo

2000 - 2010

`nu vilaparakebT maTze. mxolod Sexede da gaiare ~

( dante. jojoxeTi)

rogorc cnobilia, qarTvelebi zedmetad politizirebulebi varT. oRond sityva

`politikis~ klasikuri gagebiT, arc ise advili gamosacnobia, Tu ras vgulisxmobT

mis qarTul interpretaciaSi.

yovel SemTxvevaSi, saqarTveloSi dRemde elementaruli, politikuri marcxena da

marjvena flangic ki ar Camoyalibda: partiebs, mmarTvelis CaTvliT, sakuTari ideo-

logia dRemde ar gaaCniaT. Tumca, maT samuSao oTaxebSi xatebis raodenobiTa da samSo-

los xsenebaze maTi viagraseuli reaqciebiT Tu vimsjelebT, yvelani pirwavardnili

ultramemarjveneebi arian. leiboristebic ki, romlebsac, principSi, yvelaze metad

aqvT Camoyalibebuli partiuli saxe: wminda wylis evropeli maoistebis, trockiste-

bis, aTasgvari antiimperialistebis... mokled, ultramemarcxeneebis. magram isinic ki,

xandaxan iseT marjvena eqstremSi vardebian, rom, maTTan SedarebiT, franguli `nacio-

naluri fronti~ sabavSvo baRad gamoiyureba.

nacionaluri moZraoba ukve Tavisi dasaxelebiT ultramemarjvenis asosiacias

iwvevs, Tumca am bolo dros saqarTveloSi feisbukze cota adre modaSi Semosulma

liberalizmma, uideologio mmarTvel partias sulze mouswro da dRes misi ideolo-

www.paatakourdadze.blogspot.com

dekadansipaata qurdaZe

70 cxeli Sokoladi

isaqarTvelo

gebi dauRalavad qadageben nacionalistur-liberalistul ideebs: anu nacionalis-

turs _ qarTuli, liberalurs ki dasavluri tribunidan.

am ucnaurma politikurma virusma qarTveli eris isedac daRlili da gazantebu-

li gonebrivi da sulieri ganviTareba jer daamuxruWa, Semdeg ukusvliT waiyvana da

dRes is, Cemi azriT, ufro met sibneleSi aRmoCnda, vidre am gzis dasawyisSi _ 20 wlis

win: dRevandeli saqarTvelos civilizebulobis xarisxi ufro dabalia, vidre guram

petriaSvilis apokalipturi misteriebis epoqaSi, radgan dRes aseT, da kidev uares,

sisuleleebs yovel nabijze laparakoben, oRond maSindelisagan gansxvavebiT, amas

aRaravin aprotestebs.

politika kompromisis xelovnebaa. es bavSvmac icis. konformizmi ki qarTuli ur-

TierTobebis tradiciuli erovnuli xelovneba, qarTuli sazogadoebis swored is

Tvisebaa, romelic ramdenic gnebavT, Tavze sayrelad gvqonda yovelTvis.

konformizmi Cveni erovnuli diplomatiis klasikaa. da vinc amas ver mixvda, iseve

daisaja, rogorc sabralo, gulubryvilo sulxan-saba da mogvianebiT ilia.

saqarTvelos istoriis yvela furceli savsea samarcxvino konformizmiT, iseve _

rogorc yvela sxva patara erisa. es bunebrivi da politikuri seleqciis logikaa. kon-

formizmi eSmakobasTan, eSmakoba ki WkuasTan aris gaigivebuli. sisxlian Sua saukunee-

bs mxolod is patara erebi gadaurCnen, visac aseTi vireSmakuli `Wkua~ eyo. maT Soris,

madloba RmerTs, Cvenc aRmovCndiT.

2000-2010 wlebi erT-erTi yvelaze araSemoqmedebiTi xanaa saqarTvelos istoriaSi,

yovel SemTxvevaSi _ gasuli saukunis dasawyisidan moyolebuli, 80-ianebTan da 90-ia-

nebTan SedarebiTac ki. cifrebis kabalis arasodes mjeroda, magram raRac saeWvod da-

emTxva am aTwleulis Taobas sami nuli, da logikuri saxelwodeba: nolianTa, 00 Taoba.

an epoqalur termins moviSvelieb _ `Taoba Ground Zero~.

dRes meamboxeoba eqskluziurad politikur terminad iqca. 2003 wels `vardebis

revoluciis~ warmatebam Tavisuflebis ideis absoluturi uniformizacia moaxdina.

mas Semdeg saqarTveloSi nebismieri saprotesto gamovlineba mxolod da mxolod po-

litizirebuli da Cineli maoistebiviT ugemovnod Teatralizebulia: vardebi, TeTri

yelsaxvevebi, wiTeli, TeTri, lurji maisurebi, karvebi, saknebi...

2003-Si saqarTveloSi Tavisufleba damyarda! rodesac pirvelad Sevitye Tavisu-

flebis institutis Sesaxeb, yuradReba ar mimiqcevia. mogvianebiT mivxvdi, rom es ra-

Rac ufro seriozuli iyo _ raikomis mdivnebis samWedlo Zveli komkavSiris cekasaviT.

aseTma institutebma Tavis droze Tavisuflebis diqtatura erTxel ukve daamyares.

RmerTo Cemo! rogor SeiZleba Tavisufali iyos is, rac institutia! rogor SeiZleba

Tavisuflebis monopolisti specialistebi marTlac arsebobdnen da Tanac Tavs ase

seriozulad aRiqvamdnen... rogor SeiZleba yvela arsebuli da daviwyebuli religia

Tavisuflebis ZebnaSi itanjebodes, jvarze akravdes, wvavdes, wyevlides, loculob-

des... saqarTveloSi ki mTeli `seqta~ gvyavdes, romelmac ase uceb, politikuri mec-

nierebis msubuqi SeswavliT ipova Tavisuflebis gasaRebi, aRmarTa Tavisuflebis Su-

qura...

principSi, maTi arseboba savsebiT gasagebi da misasalmebeli iqneboda CemTvis, de-

mokratiuli institutebis Camoyalibeba-ganviTarebaze rom muSaobdnen, da am preten-

ziuli saxelis gasamarTleblad liberalizmis partiul-ideologiuri Cveulebrivi

propaganda religiis rangSi ar hqondeT ayvanili. maTgan virusiviT gavrcelebuli am

politikuri ideologiiT rom ar cdilobdes dRes mTeli saqarTvelos inteleqtual-

Ta da xelovanTa `avangardis~ TiTqmis sruli Semadgenloba adamianis daniSnulebis,

bednierebis, ubedurebis, mokled, WeSmaritebis gasaRebis povnas.

Tavisuflebis specialistebisagan, ra Tqma unda, mets velodebi, vidre Cveulebriv

partiul Tu modur ideologiur propagandas. Tumca arc ministrTa kabinetis mier

cxeli Sokoladi 71

isaqarTvelo

danergil gamofenebis msgavs raRac Tavisuflebis masterklass, an libertalianul

orgias ar viTxov parlamentis tanjuli Senobis win.

dasawyisisaTvis mxolod pasuxi damakmayofilebda erT martiv kiTxvaze: rogor

axsnian, rom maTi liberaluri ideologis oficialuri da triumfaluri batonobis

2000_2010 wlebSi saqarTveloSi Tavisuflebis idea ufro da ufro diskreditirebuli

gaxda, maTi wre ki ufro da ufro `masonuri~?

ra Tqma unda, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar msurs Tavisuflebis institutis diaboliza-

cia, miT umetes, maTi personifikacia. me mxolod meCveneba, rom Tavisuflebis ideis

monopolireba da uniformireba ugnuri da damRupveli nabijia.

wesiT, Cven, eqssabWoTebs, es kargad unda gvesmodes: iseve, rogorc wiTel warsulSi,

dResac dasavlur ideas raRac utopiuri liberaluri, xolo mis alternativas reli-

giuri ipokrizmi warmoadgens.

xelovanebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli azrovnebis eqstravaganturoba _ politikuri

terminologiis cudi suniT aris ayrolebuli da, rac yvelaze sagangaSoa, axali Ta-

obebi dRiTi dRe, ufro da ufro adreul asakSi berdebian, da Tvlian, rom cxovreba

`rusuli ruletia~, da Secdomas ar gpatiobs!

axalgazrdebis uniformizaciis mcdeloba, patriotuli banakebi, skolebSi dro-

Sis aRmarTva, gulze xeldadebuli bavSvebis mier himnis gauTavebeli mRera _ aSkarad

overdozaa arajansaRi patriotizmis, romelic klemansos perifrazirebiT, saqarTve-

loSi aTasi garewris ukanaskneli TavSesafari gaxda.

yvelaferi moWarbebuli inflaciasa da lpobas iwvevs. saqarTveloSi axalgazrdebis

did nawils jariskacebad zrdian da ara Tavisufal adamianebad! darCenili nawili ki

sakuTari mamebis aRtacebuli saxiT Sesrulebul `miSa magarias~ usmens, da nel-nela

TviTonac `svingavs~ am Cveni drois `blatnoi~ hitze.

axalgazrdaTa es kategoria xan dauCoqebs, xan umRerebs prezidentebs, xanac maT Ca-

mosagdebad im Tavs gawiravs, romelic ara aqvs...

yovelTvis mindoda aseTebisaTvis mekiTxa: miSa SeiZleba marTlac magaria, magram

Tqven? Tqven vin xarT, mliqvnelobis aseT tkbil WaobSi orcxobilasaviT Cambalni, sad

moaswariT ase garyvna aseT adreul asakSi?

Tu yovelive amas gauTavebeli pirjvris weras da TiTqmis religiur fundamenta-

lizms _ eklesiis mxridan Tavisuflebis arnaxul diskriminacias davumatebT, sruli

pasuxismgeblobiT SevZleb ganvacxado, rom Tanamedrove qarTul aRzrdas Tavisu-

flebasTan araviTari saerTo ar aqvs, da amaSi erTnairad iRebs monawileobas xelisu-

flebac, ojaxic, eklesiac da misi TiTqosda alternatiuli, prodasavluri libera-

luri mxarec.

dRes, 2009 wels inteleqtualebi da artistebi isev mosisxle politikur momxre-

ebad da mowinaaRmdegeebad arian dayofilni. erTic da meorec absoluturad araSe-

dRes meamboxeoba eqskluziurad politikur

terminad iqca. `vardebis revoluciis~ warmatebam

Tavisuflebis ideis absoluturi uniformizacia

moaxdina. saqarTveloSi nebismieri

saprotesto gamovlineba mxolod da mxolod

politizirebuli da Cineli maoistebiviT

ugemovnod Teatralizebulia: vardebi, TeTri

yelsaxvevebi, lurji maisurebi, karvebi, saknebi...

72 cxeli Sokoladi

isaqarTvelo

moqmedebiTi meTodebiT gamoxataven sakuTar damokidebulebas realobis mimarT, da

sabrZolvelad iyeneben blagv iaraRs, romlis xmareba ar ician.

xSirad meCveneba, rom sakuTari iaraRi ar gaaCniaT, amitom sesxuloben am blagv ia-

raRs uniWo politikosebisagan, da kidev ufro usaxurni xdebian _ xelovanisaTvis xom

politika, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, sakuTari SemoqmedebiTi krizisis, uaresSi ki uniWobis

SefuTvis yvelaze kargi saSualebaa, iseve, rogorc uniWo, magram ambiciuri adamiane-

bisaTvis _ Zalian swrafad zedapirze amotivtivebis. adamianebis umetesoba ki swored

uniWo da ambiciuria. ubralod, sakuTar uniWobas gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdul wle-

bSi ganicdian da amis gamo araadekvaturebi, agresiulebi arian, da Tu epoqamac xeli

Seuwyo, revoliucionerebi xdebian. amis pirveli naTeli dadasturebaa _ poeti ioseb

stalini, mxatvari adolf hitleri da prozaikosi sadam huseini, xolo meore _ dRevan-

deli qarTuli xelisufleba da misi opozicia, romlebmac, stalinisa da hitlerisa-

gan gansxvavebiT, cudi leqsebis wera da akvareliT Txapnac ar ician.

ra gansxvavebaa im adamianebsa da maT Soris, romlebsac araferi moswonT saqarTve-

loSi da visac yvelaferi moswons? _ araviTari. orive mxare eqstremistia: erTi mxriv

adamianebi, romlebic yvela daSvebuli da dauSvebeli gziT cdiloben xelisuflebis

damxobas, meore mxriv ki xelisufleba, romlisTvisac mizani yvela saSualebas amar-

Tlebs, kanoniersac da ukanonosac. mizani ki orivesaTvis erTi, diadi, naTeli da Za-

lian martivia: xelisuflebis mopoveba-SenarCuneba.

nacionalTa axalgazrduli `frTis~, Tu opoziciis axalgazrda warmomadgenlebi

mxolod imiT gansxvavdebian Cemi Taobis komkavSirlebisgan, rom maT `komkavSirSi~

Sesvlas aravin aiZulebs, rogorc amas komunistebi akeTebdnen. sxva mxriv maTi umrav-

lesoba dRes iseTive inciativian, uniformian patara utifar karieristad gamoiyure-

ba, rogorc yofili amxanagebi `Zveli keTili~ komkavSiris raikomis agitacia-propa-

gandis ganyofilebidan.

safrangeTSic ki, nebismieri partiuli axalgazrduli frTa, saocrad waagavs qar-

Tvel `neokomkavSirlebs~. waagavs yvelafriT: gabrazebuli qaTmiseburi gamometyve-

lebiT, klonirebuli `mebrZoli~ azrovnebiT, farisevlobiT, Sublze muwukebiT, da

indauriviT mxne SeZaxilebiT...

cxeli Sokoladi 73

es evropuli civilizaciisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli savsebiT Cveulebrivi movle-

naa; iseve, rogorc maTTvis magaliTis mimcemi koniunqturuli artistebis arseboba.

aseTebi yovelTvis iyvnen: garkveulwilad koniunqturulebi iyvnen TviT renesansis

`RmerTebic~ ki, Torem sxvanairad, mxolod RvTaebrivi niWis wyalobiT aravin aaSene-

binebda miqelanjelos san pietros vatikanSi.

ra Tqma unda, qarTveli monumentaluri xelovnebis RvTaebis, zurab wereTlis Se-

dareba miqelanjelosTan ar aris advili saqme, magram sqema, sistema, daaxloebiT igi-

vea. gansxvaveba mxolod gemovnebis garyvnilebis xarisxSia: 90-iani wlebis dasawyis-

Si Znelad Tu warmoidgenda vinme, rom oci wlis Semdeg damoukidebeli saqarTvelos

liberali da prodasavluri axalgazrda xelisufleba zustad igive sabWoTa sistemiT

ixelmZRvanelebda. am sistemis maxinj produqcias uxvad mimofantavda saqarTveloSi:

wminda giorgi `leninis~ moedanze, dauviwyari heidar alievi, taras SevCenko, baTume-

li medea da sxv... es qarTuli mliqvneluri sulis samarcxvino monumentebi pirvel ri-

gSi Cveni eris dRevandel kulturul donesa da swored Tavisuflebis dabal xarisxze

miuTiTebs; diax, _ eris, da ara xelisuflebis. radgan es ukanaskneli mxolod Tavisi

xalxis svel, gulaxdil anarekls warmoadgens abazanis daorTqlil sarkeSi _ mxolod

odnav dabrecils.

magaliTad, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis zRvargadasuli religiuri farisevloba, ab-

soluturad airekla mis prezident mixeil saakaSvilSi, romelmac 2004 wels, jorj

buSis TbilisSi yofnisas kacobriobas daumtkica, rom RmerTi namdvilad arsebobs da

is xandaxan abanoTubanSi kintaursac cekvavs xolme. amas win uZRoda navTluRSi igive

RmerTis saxelobis avenius gaxsna.

es albaT yvelaze gabeduli da faraonuli `performansi~ iyo qarTuli koniunqtu-

ruli mdidari xelovnebis istoriaSi.

aseTi ram SevardnaZesac ki ar mosvlia azrad, rodesac 1980 wels breJnevs namdvili

imperiuli triumfi mouwyo. maSin legendebi dadioda, TiTqos politeqnikuri insti-

tutis win, liTonis konstruqciis raRac sacodavi tribunis qveS moxuc breJnevs per-

sonaluri tualeti mouwyves, rom ar Caefsa.

ra salaparakoa personaluri tualeti _ mTel quCasTan SedarebiT...salaparako, sa-

ocari da satirali mxolod stilis da koncefciis asprocentiani identurobaa.

eris kultura misi sulis meamboxeobis xarisxia. es xarisxi breJnevis epoqaSi ga-

isaqarTvelo

74 cxeli Sokoladi

cilebiT maRali iyo saqarTveloSi, vidre dRes. mis sacodav narCenebs, marTlmadi-

debluri `opiumis~ fonze, 90 wlebSi jer qarTvelma ultramemarjveneebma miayenes

gamanadgurebeli dartyma, Semdeg ki ioselianis gangsterebma bin ladenis mfrinavi te-

roristebiviT moaryies Zlivs Sekowiwebuli qarTuli meamboxe suli, 2003 wlis Semdeg

mosulma Tavisuflebis `profesionalma specialistebma’’ ki moryeuli struqtura

niu-iorkis `tyupebiviT~ sabolood Camoangries, da axali adamianis Zerwvas bejiTad

Seudgnen: saqarTveloSi gadamwyvet fazaSi Sevida `didi nulis~ aTwleuli, romelic

sul raRac sam TveSi damTavrdeba da, tradiciulad, crupentela istoriaSi, Tuki mas

momavalSi sindisis natamali mainc SemorCeba, qarTuli dekadansis saxeliT Seva.

breJnevis epoqis axalgazrda meamboxeTa umetesoba _ mxatvrebi, mwerlebi, musikose-

bi, dRes Tavad gaxdnen koniunqturulni. konformizmi Zalian adamianuri grZnobaa da

is yvelaferTan erTad asaksac moaqvs.

RmerTma adami da eva konformistebad Seqmna da edemSi cxovelebTan erTad gamoketa.

isini adamianad anarqiis vaSlma aqcia. adamianis istoria swored aqedan iwyeba da ara

im cnobili Svidi dRidan, romelic mxolod RmerTis yoveldRiur saqmianobas aRwers.

anarqiis vaSli Semoqmedebaa. Semoqmedeba ar SeiZleba iyos institucionalur, po-

ziciur Tu opoziciur CarCoSi moqceuli, rogorc dRevandel saqarTveloSia. Cveni

problema koniunqturuli da politikurad angaJirebuli artistebis arseboba ki ara,

`anarqistebis~ ararsebobaa.

ra Tqma unda, Tuki gulubryviloni viqnebiT, SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom es saerTo ten-

denciaa msoflioSi. oRond me ar mgonia, ase iyos.

sxvebis mier berlinis kedelze Tavis rtyma, misi frCxilebiT kawvra, buldozere-

biT, CaquCebiT,wixlebiT, SiSveli muStebiT ngreva Cven sakmarisad CavTvaleT da `dam-

saxurebuli artistebi~ gavxdiT.

aqamde saqarTvelo, ase Tu ise, namdvilad cdilobda kedlis gaswvriv, gaRma mosia-

ruleTa ritmisaTvis brmad mainc aeyolebina fexi. kuriozulia, magram 80-iani wle-

bis bolos dasavleTis eqo saqarTveloSi TiTqos bevrad ufro bunebrivad ismoda,

vidre dRes. maSin veravin ifiqrebda, rom oci wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi artistebi

kidev ufro metad politikurad angaJirebulni da dapirispirebulni gaxdebodnen,

qarTuli xelovnebis ZiriTadi Tema isev samSoblo iqneboda, qarTuli popi isev es-

tradad darCeboda, sadac eleqtro Congurze daWril arwivebze iRiRinebdnen, sadac

enas, mamuls da sarwmunoebas svingaven da repaven... sadac poetebs politikosebisagan

gansxvavebuli saTqmeli araferi aqvT da amitom isinic politikosebiviT laparako-

ben, iseve, rogorc policielebi, rogorc mxatvrebi, msaxiobebi, eqimebi, studentebi,

meZavebi... sadac yvela erTi eniT laparakobs, visac jer kidev SeuZlia laparaki.

sruli teqsti ixileT misamarTze: www.paatakourdadze.blogspot.com

7 oqtomberi, 2009

xelovanebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli azrovnebis

eqstravaganturoba _ politikuri terminologiis

cudi suniT aris ayrolebuli da, rac yvelaze

sagangaSoa, axali Taobebi dRiTi dRe, ufro da

ufro adreul asakSi berdebian, da Tvlian, rom

cxovreba `rusuli ruletia~ da Secdomas ar

gpatiobs!

isaqarTvelo

cxeli Sokoladi 75

xelebis gaTboba / dabana

1949 wels gamocemuli `deda ena~

rom naxoT da iakob gogebaSvili-

seuls SeadaroT, _ maSinve mixvde-

biT, Tu ra saSinelebas aSenebdnen

bolSevikebi: lenin-stalin-berias

portretebi, maTi bavSvobis Sesaxeb

tyuil-marTali, beladTa sadide-

beli, Camtkbari leqsebi, oqtom-

brelTa, pionerTa, komunistTa,

sabWoTa armielTa gmirobis ambebi.

moTxrobaSi òjaxis sixaruli~

meoce saukunis tiranis dabadebaa

aRwerili: gorel meCeqmes, besa-

rions da mis meuRles, kekes pir-

veli ori vaJi daeRupaT da Svilis

molodiniT edgaT suli. amitomaa,

rom sandala Tavisi megobris sa-

xelosnosken gaxarebuli garbis,

raTa vaJis dabadeba amcnos.

_ Sen pirs Saqari, Cemo sandala,

Sen pirs Saqari! wavideT, vnaxoT

Cveni nukri da misi deda! _ pasuxo-

bs bednieri mama.

amas mosdevs patara sosos ke-

TilSobilebisa da gulCvilobis

ambebi. niSandoblivia, rom mas cxo-

velebi uyvars, adamianebis mimarT

mis Tbil grZnobebze ki `deda ena~

arafers gveubneba.

erTi moTxroba gansakuTrebiT

Semzaravia: cigaSi cxeniviT Sebmu-

li besarioni aRma-daRma asrialebs

Svils. male mas patara dariko ena-

cvleba da Sebindebamde anebivrebs

Zmobils. bolos gundaoba imarTeba

anu `namdvili omi~, rogorc avto-

ri uwodebs da iqve dasZens:

`sosom winaswar icoda gundebis

momarageba. vai mas, visac daumiz-

nebda! arasodes ar aacdenda. pir-

vel gundas miayolebda meores,

mesames... roca TamaSobiT guls

ijerebda, Tavis cugas, giSeras,

cigaSi Casvamda da aWarxlebuli

loyebiT Sinisaken mirboda, sadac

aguzguzebul buxars miujdeboda

xolme da gayinul xelebs iTbob-

da~.

xom geniSnaT tiranis sisastike

da òmis~ Semdeg `xelebis gaTboba~

anu `xelebis dabana~?!

Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi sta-

linisa da `stalinizmis~ Sesaxeb

polemikas aSkarad aklia sabWo-

Ta epoqaSi gamefebul sisastikis,

daundoblobis da veragobis mxi-

leba.

am warsulis aRmoCenis, ganaTebi-

sa da dagmobis gareSe, gamova, rom

Cvenc xelebi davibaneT yvelafer-

ze, rac bolSevikebma, Cekistebma

da maTma pirsisxlianma mimdevrebma

Caidines.

Cven unda SevZloT sabWoTa is-

toriis wignidan mtvris, xavsisa da

Semxmari sisxlis gadawmenda, Sem-

deg ki _ am wignis gadaSla da masSi

àdamianis~ da adamianebis aRmoCe-

na: daviwyebulTa, ignorirebulTa,

daCagrulTa da ganadgurebulTa

alaparakeba da istoriis ise da-

wera, rogorc tiranias Sewirulni

dawerdnen.

suliko-varinka

me-19 saukunis 70-ian wleb-

Si saqarTveloSi farTod gaiSa-

la saganmanaTleblo moZraoba,

romelsac rusifikaciis talRa

unda Seekavebina. am moZraobis

avtori: lela gafrindaSvili

sada xar, Cemo varinka?!

esei

varinka wereTeli mSoblebTan erTad

76 cxeli Sokoladi

monawile iyo gvitia agiaSvili,

romelsac sofel WorvilaSi sa-

Sinao skola hqoda gamarTuli.

misi meuRle, generali spiridon

maWavariani, qarTvelTa Soris

wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sa-

zogadoebis wevri iyo. 1874 wels

axalgazrda wyvils qaliSvili,

barbare/varinka, SeeZina. quTai-

sis qalTa gimnaziis damTavrebis

Semdeg, gansakuTrebuli musika-

lurobis gamo, zinaida vorobecs

(filimon qoriZis meuRle) miaba-

res, romelic fortepianos gakve-

Tilebs atarebda quTaisSi.

niWier gogonas maWavarianebis

ojaxis yvela axlobeli da stumari

Sehxaroda: `moswondaT Cemi simRe-

ra da mamxnevebdnen. gansakuTrebiT

magulianebda akaki, romelsac, ro-

gorc TviTon ityoda, Cemi simRera

yvelaze ufro tkbilad esaubrebo-

da. musikas ufro daejereba, vinem

sityvebsao, _ metyoda poeti, da

mec ufro xSirad mis leqsebs vmRe-

rodi~, _ ixsenebs varinka. igi male

mgosnis rZali gaxda _ Cvidmeti

wlisam sergo wereTelze iqorwina.

or weliwadSi wyvils vaJi SeeZina,

patara spiridoni, romelsac Sinau-

robaSi ̀ gugulis~ eZaxdnen. erTxel

akaki saxlikacs gaxumrebia: `Sen ra

mogklavs, Zamia, bulbulic saxlSi

gyavs da gugulic~-o.

1895 wels Jurnal `kvalSi~ dai-

beWda akakis `suliko~, romelic

poetma maleve gadasca varinkas da

sTxova, rame hangi SeerCia misTvis.

`sagonebelSi Cavvardi, ra Tqma

unda. leqsis momxiblavma silamazem

CemSi uTvalavi musikaluro saxe

aRZra. me Rrma interesiT movkide

xeli gitaras da arsebuli kiloe-

bis dauxmareblad Sevqmeni origina-

luri musika. amaSi didad damexmara

TviT leqsis ritmuloba, simsubuqe.

did poets Cem mier Seqmnili mu-

sika Zalian moewona. igi mTeli gr-

ZnobiT ugdebda yurs `sulikos~

simReras da mis naTel saxeze usa-

zRvro siamovneba ixateboda. aR-

frTovanebis gamosaxatavad akakim

Tavisi suraTi maCuqa warweriT:

`Cems sayvarel bulbuls, suliko-

varinkas akakisagan~. akakis mier si-

mRera `sulikos~ aseTi mowonebis

Semdeg xSirad gamovdiodi saRamo-

ebze am simReriT da amgvarad gavr-

celda igi xalxSi~.

1898 wels inglisurma firmam

`fonografi~ varinkas simRera

cvilis lilvalebze Cawera, vano

maCablis saxlSi, xolo 1900 wels

kote focxveraSvilma notebze ga-

daitana, meCongureTa gundisaTvis

da fortepianosaTvis, romelic

orkestrma 1905 wlis agvistoSi

Seasrula quTaisis saqalaqo Tea-

trSi.

1909 wlidan varinka wera-kiTxvis

gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis Ta-

vmjdomarea yvirilis (zestafoni)

TemSi. ramdenime weliwadSi sa-

mkiTxvelos gaxsnac moaxerxa da

sakuTar saxlSi, sofel cxrawya-

roSi, skolac gamarTa. es patara

ganaTlebis kera aTamde sofels

emsaxureboda. manve aRadgina ad-

gilobrivi Teatris Senoba, sadac

saqvelmoqmedo warmodgenebs mar-

Tavda, quTaisidan da Tbilisidan

mowveuli SemoqmedebiT jgufebis

daxmarebiT.

1905 wlis revoluciis Semdeg,

reaqciis wlebSi alixanov-avarskis

sadamsjelo laSqrobas swored

zestafonis Teatri Seewira, sadac

oxranka didi raodenobiT iaraRs

eZebda. axalgazrda revolucione-

ri stalini ki Jandarmebs swored

varinkas saxlis sardafSi emalebo-

da. rogorc Cans, aqedan modis ti-

ranis ̀ sulikosadmi~ gansakuTrebu-

li siyvaruli.

amasobaSi varinkas vaJma saSualo

skola daamTavra da safrangeTSi,

qalaq monpelieSi gaemgzavra meve-

naxeoba-meRvineobis Sesaswavlad.

1919 wels samSobloSi momavals pe-

esei

varinka wereTeli

cxeli Sokoladi 77

terburgSi Wleqis umZimesi forma

Seeyara. dauRalavi mkurnalobisa

da rudunebis miuxedavad, igi ma-

leve gardaicvala. sasowarkveTi-

li deda karga xniT moswyda gare-

samyaros: xaliCebakrul fanjrebSi

mzis sxivs ar uSvebda da dReniadag

dastiroda dakargul erTaderT

imeds.

axali cxovrebis mSeneblebma mar-

tod darCenil varinkas misi qone-

bis didi nawili CamoarTves, xolo

saxlis nawilSi meurneobis sawyobi

gamarTes. sasowarkveTas rom ga-

mklaveboda, martosulma qalma na-

Tesavis gogona iSvila da momavlis

imedi daibruna.

am wlebis saqarTvelo sasomixdi-

li da dabeCavebuli iTmenda bol-

Sevikebis usastikes TareSs. 1924

wels swored zestafonSi, antisa-

bWoTa ajanyebaSi monawileobaSi

braldebuli imerlebi ramdenime

vagonSi Seyares da msxvilkali-

briani iaraRi dauSines, jalaTebi

isrodnen manam, vidre sasaklao

sisxlisgan ar daicala.

20-ian wlebs vinc gadaurCa, maT

win 30-ianebi eloda. es aris sta-

lin-berias jojoxeTuri erTobisa

da amitom maTi erTad xsenebis pe-

riodi, rogorc alio mircxulavas

am leqsSia:

`Cemo samSoblo, dRes Seni eri

ganaxlebuli qarTlis eria,

ase xmierad da bednierad

Sen arasodes ar gimReria.

alisferia Seni midamo,

eg Seni droSac alisferia,

Seni sicocxle aris stalini,

Seni marjvena aris beria!~

1934 wels mixeil Wiaurelma ga-

daiRo filmi `ukanaskneli maskara-

di~, romlis saocari warmateba orma

faqtorma ganapiroba: pirveli iyo _

gonebamaxviluri siuJeti, sadac sa-

qarTvelo Sedarebulia patarZals,

romelsac jer mefis ruseTis Cino-

vnikze, Semdeg burJuaze da bolos

ki _ bolSevikze gaTxovebas upire-

ben. mTeli Tbilisi alaparakda da

bevrma am filmSi dramaturgi qalis,

natalia azianis scenari amoicno.

dRemde aravin icis, rom swored man

uCivla stalinis favorit Semoqme-

ds: filmis libreto me mekuTvnis da

samarTlianobis aRdgenas moviTxo-

vo. amaod gaisarja natalia _ misi

ideiT dafrTianebulma Wiaurelma

daubrkoleblad gaikvlia gza kre-

mlis da kinematografis mwvervale-

bisken. Tavad natalias ki 1943 wels

siRaribesa da SimSilSi amoxda suli.

filmis warmatebis meore mizezi

iyo `suliko~, romelsac filmSi Ta-

vad reJisori asrulebs. advili mi-

saxvedria, Tu vis umReris Wiaureli,

vis vnebebs elaciceba?! amisaTvis ki

sxvis naSroms uSurvelad ewafeba

da sakuTrebad aqcevs _ Tavad xdeba

aqtoric, aqtioric da avtoric.

1937 wlis ianvarSi moskovSi qar-

Tuli literaturisa da xelovne-

bis pirveli dekada gaimarTa. roca

`sulikos~ asrulebdnen, beladi

Turme fexze wamodga da ise usmi-

na momRerlebs. im dRidan mTelma

qveyanam gaigo stalinis am simRe-

risadmi gansakuTrebuli siyvaru-

li da amitomac mTeli sabWoeTis

SemoqmedebiTi jgufebi erTmaneTs

aswrebdnen mis Sesrulebas, gada-

mRerebas Tu gadamuSavebas. varinka

wereTeli, cxadia, aravis uxsene-

bia, radgan `suliko~ warmodgenili

iyo, rogorc xalxuri simRera.

varinkas naTesavi, papuna wereTe-

li, romelic dekadaze rusTavelis

Teatrs axlda, samSobloSi gulda-

mZimebuli dabrunda: `sulikos~ ar-

naxuli warmateba da varinkas unu-

geSo mdgomareoba erTmaneTTan ver

Tavsdeboda.

mixvda varinka, rom mas yovel-

Tvis daiviwyebdnen, Tu Tavad ar

gaixsenebda sakuTar arsebobas,

amitomac daiwyo `brZola gaxsene-

bisTvis~: Camovida TbilisSi da Se-

sabamis saministros mimarTa:

esei

78 cxeli Sokoladi

`saqarTvelos ssr. saxkomsabWosTan

arsebul xelovnebis saqmeTa

sammarTvelos ufross

zestafonis raionis, sofel

cxrawyaros 26 komunarebis saxelobis

kolmeurneobis wevris varinka

wereTlis

g an c x a d e b a

simRera `suliko~, romelic amJamad

gavrcelebulia mTel sabWoTa kavSirSi,

misi sityvebis avtoris, akaki wereTlis

TxovniT, 1895 welSi Cem mier aris ga-

moTqmuli da gitaraze dasamRereblad

awyobili.

am simReras aRniSnul wlidan ramde-

nime wlis ganmavlobaSi mxolod me vas-

rulebdi da swored am gziT gavrcelda

igi mTel saqarTveloSi.

yovelive amis dasadastureblad me

SemiZlia warmovadgino rogorc weri-

lobiTi sabuTebi, agreTve sando mowme-

ebic, romelTa CvenebiT gamoirkveva Cemi

gancxadebis sruli siswore. aseT mowme-

ebad Cemis mxriT me vasaxeleb: sabWoTa

kavSiris umaRles sabWos wevrs, sabWoTa

kavSiris saxalxo artists, ordenosans

akaki xoravas da saqarTvelos respu-

blikis saxalxo artists, kompozitors,

ordenosans kote focxveraSvils.

gTxovT, moawyoT Tqveni Tandaswre-

biT Cemi sabuTebis ganxilva, Cem mier

dasaxelebuli mowmeebis dakiTxva da

momceT Tqvenmieri sabuTi simRera `su-

likos~ kiloze Cemi avtorobis damtki-

cebis Sesaxeb~.

sabWoTa kompozitorTa kavSiris, 1938

wlis 5 oqtombris sxdomam

(Tavmjdomare vano gokieli, eswre-

bodnen: kote focxveraSvili, Salva da-

diani, avqsenti megreliZe da xelovne-

bis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, ordenosani

sandro kavsaZe) daadgina, rom simRera

`sulikos~ avtori varinka wereTelia.

magram avqsenti megreliZem ar

isurva, rom Semosavali avtoris-

Tvis gaeyo da Tanaavtoroba daiCe-

ma. amitom varinka iZulebuli Sei-

qna, am sakiTxSi meti garkveuloba

Seetana da 1939 wlis 3 ianvars ius-

ticiis komisars mimarTa:

`mas Semdeg, rac sruliad gamoi-

rkva da dadasturda, rom simRera

`suliko~ me mekuTvnis, am nawarmo-

ebze Semosuli saavtoro honorari

me unda meZleodes uklebliv.

magram es ase ar xdeba, radgan

`saudi~ (honoraris damrigebeli

organizacia) gadaWriT ver erkveva

im erTaderTi pirovnebis preten-

ziaSi, romelic me amSemTxvevaSi

honoraris nawilSi medaveba.

es aris moqalaqe avqsenti megre-

liZe, romelic Tavis pretenzias

amyarebs ara kanonier safuZvelze,

rom mas CemTan SeTanxmebiT arse-

biTad gadaemuSavebinos da axali,

gansxvavebuli forma-Sinaarsi mie-

ces Cemi kilosTvis, aramed mxo-

lod masze, rom igi mas ara Cemgan,

aramed mraval ukve CamwerTa Sem-

deg, mxolod ubralod Cauweria da

es Canaweri Congurze daumRerebia.

aseTi operaciis Camtarebels, am

SemTxvevaSi ki avqsenti megreliZes,

Cemis cnobiT, kanoni ar unda aniWe-

bdes Tanaavtorobis uflebas.

Tu vinme Cems `sulikos~ gada-

amuSavebs da axal gansxvavebul

forma-Sinaarss miscems, es sxva

sakiTxia. avqsenti megreliZes ki

gamoqveynebuli aqvs Cemi danamRe-

ris pirdapiri ganmeoreba.

gTxovT werilobiTi ganmarteba

momceT amis Sesaxeb. amasTanave da-

vsZen ̀ sulikos~ Sesaxeb ramdenime sa-

buTs (daurTo levan asaTianis, kote

focxveraSvilis, sandro kavsaZis

werilebi, sadac isini kidev erTxel

amtkiceben varinkas avtorobas, ase-

ve kompozitorTa kavSiris 1938 wlis

5 oqtombris dadgenilebas).

1939 wlis 7 aprils xelovnebis

saqmeTa sammarTvelos ufrosis mo-

adgile, leo esakia `sauds~ ugzav-

nis werils:

`xelovnebis saqmeTa sammarTvelo

gacnobebT, rom simRera `suliko~-

s avtorobis sakiTxis garkvevis

SemdegaT, Tanaxmad warmodgenili

faqtiuri masalebisa, dadasturda,

rom aRniSnuli simReris avtoraT

unda CaiTvalos varinka wereTe-

li. honoraros 75%-i unda mieces

varinka wereTels da 25% avqsenti

megreliZes, vinaidan ukanasknels

ekuTvnis simReris Congurze damu-

Saveba da popularizacia~.

varinkas avtoroba sul male

moskovSic gaiges. 1939 wels Tbi-

lisSi leningradis kapela Camovida,

aleqsandre sveSnikovis xelmZRvane-

lobiT. rusTavelis Teatris mci-

re darbazSi gamarTuli koncertis

bolos maT `sulikoc~ Seasrules

da misi avtori scenaze aiyvanes.

aseTi yuradRebiT gakvirvebuli

varinka aRtacebas ver malavda. Sin

mimavalma, roca mas tramvaiSi ad-

gili dauTmes, naTesavs uCurCula:

`etyoba, micno am axalgazrdam~-o.

1940 wlidan qarTul kulturas

xalxuri da qalaquri simReris ga-

numeorebeli Semsruleblebi Seema-

tnen _ debi iSxnelebi. maTi deda,

vasasi lolaZe varinkas megobari

da saukeTeso momRerali iyo.

iSxnelebis repertuarSi, `suli-

kos~ garda, Sedioda varinkas meore

aranakleb popularuli `muxambazi~.

samwuxarod, dRes ukve Zalian rTu-

lia mis mier Seqmnili sxva melodie-

bis dadgena, radgan aRaravinaa ise-

Ti, visac am sakiTxze daelaparakebi.


simRera `sulikos~ uamrav sanoto gamocemaTagan musikis avtori mxolod 1939

wlisazea aRniSnuli, esec imitom, rom es sakiTxi maSin sul axali garkveuli

iyo. sxva yvela gamocemas aweria: `teqsti akaki wereTlisa, musika _ xalxuri~.

esei

cxeli Sokoladi 79

80 cxeli Sokoladi

panTeonidan panTeonamde da ukanavtori: giorgi maisuraZe

ilustracia: maia sumbaZe

hadrianedan iakobinelebamde

1. axali welTaRricxviT 118 wels mSvidobisa

da xelovnebis motrfiale romis imperatorma

hadrianem gadawyvita, aeSenebina taZari, rome-

lic ara erTi romelime RvTaebisadmi locvis

aRsavlenad, aramed romis imperiis yvela Rmer-

Tis TayvaniscemisaTvis iqneboda gankuTvnili.

taZris Senoba, romlis mSeneblobaSic Tavad

hobi-arqiteqtori imperatoric monawileobda,

Svid weliwadSi dasrulda da romauli arqi-

teqturis es Sedevri istoriaSi imiTac Sevi-

da, rom mas 15 saukunis ganmavlobaSi yvelaze

didi gumbaTi hqonda. taZars panTeoni ewoda,

rac berZnulad „yvela RmerTs“ niSnavs da igi

imperiis mTavar sakulto nagebobad iyo Cafi-

qrebuli. me-5 saukunis damdegs ukve qristian-

ma imperatorma honoriusma, romelmac romaul

mravalRmerTianobas brZola gamoucxada, pan-

Teonis taZari gaauqma da mis SenobaSi male

yvela qristiani mowamis saxelze kaTolikuri

eklesia ganTavsda. swored am taZarSi daibada

„yvelawmindas“ dResaswauli, romlis kultic

adamianebis mexsierebaSi mravalRmerTianobas

unda Canacvleboda.

2. 1436 wels florenciaSi, rogorc iqna, das-

rulda santa maria del fiores taZris gumba-

Tis mSenebloba: arqiteqtorma filipo brune-

leskim imisaTvis, rom moexerxebina uzarmazari

taZrisaTvis gumbaTis dadgma, rac im droisa-

Tvis evropaSi gavrcelebuli goTikuri Tu ro-

manuli arqiteqturis principebiT SeuZlebeli

iyo, scada axali teqnikis moZieba da romis pan-

Teonis gumbaTis analogiiT aaRorZina Zveli

romauli samSeneblo meTodebi, romelic male

mTel dasavleT evropaSi gavrcelda. es TariRi

xelovnebis istoriaSi axali epoqis _ „aRorZi-

nebis“, anu renesansis dabadebis dRed miiCneva.

aRorZinebaSi ki ara mxolod winaqristianuli

berZnul-romauli mxatvruli xerxebi, aramed

RmerTebisa da gmirebis saxeebic aRdga, rom-

lebmac renesansis saxviT xelovnebaSi TandaTa-

nobiT qristiani wmindanebis adgilebi daikaves.

„panTeoni“ ki renesansisa da barokos taZrebis

udidesi nawilis nimuSad iqca.

3. 1757 wels safrangeTis mefem ludoviko

XV-m gadawyvita parizSi me-5 saukuneSi age-

buli pirveli qristianuli eklesiis adgilze

giganturi taZari aeSenebina, romelic Tavisi

sididiT TviT parizis RvTismSoblis taZarsac

gadaCrdilavda. am proeqtis Sesruleba daeva-

la frang arqiteqtors Jak-Jermen suflos, ro-

melmac morigi novatoruli arqiteqturis Se-

qmna isurva da kidev erTxel romis „panTeonis“

axali variaciis mSeneblobas Seudga, magram

taZris dasrulebamde moxda safrangeTis revo-

lucia da eklesiebis mSeneblobebic Sewyda.

saavtoro

„aq mkvdrebi daqrian zRapruli

raSebiT da bedis etlebiT,

haeri sikvdiliT dafares...“

galaktion tabiZe

cxeli Sokoladi 81

4. safrangeTis revoluciis Sedegad xelisuflebaSi

movidnen „iakobinelebi“, _ revolucionerebi, romle-

bic sakuTar Tavs „patriotebs“ uwodebdnen da poli-

tikur miznad „Zveli reJimis“ srul ganadgurebas isa-

xavdnen. mefis sikvdiliT dasjiTa da eklesiisaTvis

Zalauflebis CamorTmeviT maT axali politikuri

wesrigi daamyares, romelSic suvereni ara RmerTis

mier xeldasxmuli erTmmarTveli mefe, aramed mrava-

li adamianisgan Semdgari xalxi unda yofiliyo. ada-

mianebis am axal erTobas eri, nacia ewodeboda da mis

TiToeul wevrs religiur xarisxSi ayvanili sakuTari

samSoblos Tayvaniscema aerTianebda. am miwierma re-

ligiam, romlis sasufevelic samSoblo iyo, qristia-

nuli monoTeizmis sawinaaRmdegod „warmarTuli“ mo-

deli gaimeora da sakuTari RvTaebebis _ samSoblos

mamebisa da erovnuli gmirebis Seqmnas Seudga. iako-

binelebma gadawyvites, sakuTari „RvTaebebi“ erTad

daekrZalaT da amgvarad maTi „panTeoni“ SeeqmnaT. am

mizniT 1791 wels parizSi axlad damTavrebuli gigan-

turi taZris Senoba eklesias CamoerTva da iq revo-

luciis erT-erTi beladi _ grafi mirabo daikrZala.

imave wels 13 wlis win gardacvlili frangi ganma-

naTleblis volteris neStic gadmoasvenes, Semdeg

ki Jan-Jak rusosi. volterisa da rusos saflavebiT,

erTi mxriv, safuZveli Caeyara frangi naciis „mamebis“

kults, meore mxriv ki, iakobinelebma sakuTari Tavi

frangi eris Semqmneli moazrovneebis ideur memkvi-

dred da maTi saqmis gamgrZeleblebad gamoacxades.

5. 1793 weli safrangeTis istoriaSi „iakobinelTa

teroris“ saxeliT aris cnobili, rodesac revolu-

ciurma mTavrobam konstituciiT saxelmwifos mi-

znad „sayovelTao bedniereba“ daisaxa da am miznis

yvela mowinaaRmdegis ganadgurebas Seudga. terorma

gansakuTrebiT masobrivi xasiaTi revolucioner Jan-

pol maratis mkvlelobis Semdeg miiRo. Tavad marati

ki, rogorc revoluciis saqmisaTvis Tavganwiruli,

panTeonSi daikrZala.

teroris samizne ara mxolod cocxali adamianebi,

aramed gardacvlilebic aRmoCndnen: rodesac gai-

rkva, rom grafi mirabo ara mxolod revolucione-

ri, aramed faruli monarqistic iyo, iakobinelebma

mirabos neSti amoTxares da panTeonidan rigiT sasa-

flaoze gadaasvenes. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg igive bedi

ewia maratsac, romlis Sexedulebebic misi yofili

TanamebrZolebisaTvis miuRebeli aRmoCnda. amitomac

daatovebines mis neStsac panTeoni.

1794 wlis ivlisSi daemxo terorze damyarebuli

iakobinelTa reJimi. fanatikos revolucionerTa

liderebma giliotinaze daasrules sicocxle. imave

wlis 11 noembers ki axalma mTavrobam iakobinelTa

klubi akrZala da amiT maTi absurduli fanatizmi-

sa da sisastikis nakvalevis waSla scada. iakobinelTa

mmarTvelobisgan ki, istorias, Semzaravi mogonebebis

garda, parizis „panTeoni“ SemorCa.

6. me-19-20 saukuneebSi parizis panTeonSi daikr-

Zala mravali rogorc cnobili frangi mecnieri,

mwerali, xelovani, politikuri moRvawe, magaliTad,

viqtor hiugo, emil zola, pier da maria kiurebi,

Jan Joresi da a.S., aseve naklebadcnobili pirovne-

ba, magaliTad, winaaRmdegobis moZraobis mebrZoli

Jan mulani an politikosi Jan mole. ase SeiZina pan-

Teonma axali, sekularuli mniSvneloba: igi yvela

RmerTis taZridan eris yvelaze saxelovani da sa-

nimuSo Svilebis gansasveneblad gadaiqca. Tumcaki

aseTi institutis mimarT damokidebuleba ukve me-

19 saukuneSive araerTgvarovani iyo: Tuki frangTa

erTi nawili mas erovnuli identobisa da siwmindis

taZrad aRiqvamda, meoreTaTvis is nacionalizmis

ideologiur simbolod miiCneoda. am mizeziTac zo-

gierTma saxelovanma frangma, maT Soris prezident-

ma Sarl de golma, sakuTari anderZiT ar isurva

panTeonSi moxvedra. miuxedavad amisa, cnobili ada-

mianebis saflavebma sanaxaobrivi funqcia SeiZina da,

vinaidan parizSi aseTi adamianebis ricxvi sakmaod

didi iyo, qalaqis yvela centraluri sasaflao er-

Tgvar Tavisebur „panTeonad“ gadaiqca.

7. me-19 saukuneSi revoluciur da sekularul ide-

ebTan erTad „panTeonebis“ modac parizidan mTel

msoflios moedo. evropis qalaqebis centralurma

sasaflaoebma, romlebzec cnobili adamianebi iyvnen

dakrZaluli, droTa ganmavlobaSi RirsSesaniSnaobisa

da turistuli atraqcionis saxe miiRo. sociologe-

bis, istorikosebisa da kulturis mkvlevrebisaTvis

1989 wels mTawmindis panTeonze merab kostava daikrZala da misi saxiT

panTeonsac aqamde ucnobi funqciis figura _ èrovnuli gmiri~ Seemata.

kostava saqarTvelos istoriaSi pirveli adamiani iyo, vinc es sapatio

tituli miiRo da xalxmac aRiara igi, rogorc èrovnuli gmiri~, Tumcaki

aravis gasCenia kiTxva, Tu ras niSnavs èrovnuli gmiroba~ an ratom iyo

kostava gmiri?

saavtoro

82 cxeli Sokoladi

ki aseTi sasaflaoebi dResac samecniero kvleva-Zie-

bis sakmaod nayofieri da warmatebuli obieqtia.

qarTul sabWoTa `RvTaebaTa~ panTeoni

8. panTeonis, rogorc sekularuli sakulto obie-

qtis pirvandeli, „iakobinuri“ mniSvneloba sabWoTa

kavSirSi, yvelaze gamokveTilad ki sabWoTa saqar-

TveloSi, aRdga: 1929 wels saqarTvelos kompartiis

centraluri komitetis dadgenilebiT, oficialurad

gaixsna mTawmindis „saqarTvelos mweralTa da sazo-

gado moRvaweTa panTeoni“. es TariRi mTawmindaze

dakrZaluli rusi poetis aleqsandre griboedovis

gardacvalebis 100 wlisTavs daukavSirda. miuxedavad

imisa, rom am droisaTvis mama daviTis eklesiis ezo-

Si dimitri yifiani, ilia WavWavaZe da akaki wereTeli

iyvnen dakrZalulebi, mTawmindas aravin sasaflaod ar

aRiqvamda. 1935 wels Tbilisis saqalaqo sabWos dadge-

nilebiT, mTawmindis panTeonSi gadmoasvenes nikoloz

baraTaSvili da vaJa-fSavela, romlebic aqamde didu-

bis sasaflaoze esvenen, 1940 wels ki iakob gogebaS-

vili. amiT mTawmindaze pirveli qarTuli „panTeoni“

Seiqmna. 30-ian wlebSive „panTeons“ Seemata cnobili

qarTveli bolSevikebis da am panTeonis iuridiuli

damaarseblebis silibistro Todrias, filipe maxara-

Zisa da mixa cxakaias saflavebi.

9. „panTeonis“ Seqmnis idea saqarTveloSi pirvelad

1892 wels „qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrce-

lebel sazogadoebas“ gauCnda, rodesac gardacvale-

bidan 47 wlis Semdeg nikoloz baraTaSvilis neSti gan-

jidan TbilisSi gadmoasvenes da didubis sasaflaoze

dakrZales. es sasaflao pirveli qarTuli „panTeoni“

unda gamxdariyo. amitomac momdevno wlebSi am sasa-

flaoze platon ioselianis, ieTim gurjis, ekateri-

ne gabaSvilis da sxvaTa neStebi gadmoasvenes. magram

amasobaSi oficialurad daarsebulma mTawmindis pan-

Teonma didubis sasaflaos pirveloba waarTva. Tumca

ki misi gapanTeonebac sabWoTa xelisuflebas ukavSir-

deba: 1938 wels gauqmda didubis sasaflao. erTi wlis

Semdeg ki imave teritoriaze, romelzec mxolod cno-

bili adamianebis saflavebi datoves, gaixsna mweralTa

da sazogado moRvaweTa didubis panTeoni, romelic

„meore rangis“ cnobil adamianTa gansasvenebeli unda

gamxdariyo. 70-ian wlebSi mas ukve mesame rangis _ „sa-

burTalos panTeonic“ Seemata. amiT sabWoTa saqarTve-

loSi panTeonebis mTeli kultura warmoiSva, mTeli

Tavisi ierarqiuli struqturebiTa da prestiJulobis

xarisxebiT, romlebic „aTeistur“ qveyanaSi miwieri

didebisa da ukvdavebis simbolos ganasaxierebda. amiT

„panTeonebma“ daaxloebiT igive mniSvneloba SeiZines,

rogoric am terminma XIX saukunis eTnologiasa da re-

ligiaTmcodneobaSi miiRo: mravalRmerTian religia-

Ta RmerTebis ierarqiuli da funqcionaluri klasi-

fikaciis forma. panTeonis miwaze sakuTari saflaviT

moxvedra ki sicocxlisaTvis azris mimniWebel reli-

giur surogatad an ufro „profanulad“ rom vTqvaT,

prestiJulobis aqsesuarad iqca.

10. am sam oficialur panTeons daemata araofi-

cialuri an lokaluri panTeonebic: Tbilisis sa-

xelmwifo universitetis ezoSi qarTuli mecniere-

bis korifeebis Tu operis baRSi qarTuli saopero

xelovnebis mniSvnelovani warmomadgenlebis safla-

vebi. 1984 wels ki mwerali nodar dumbaZe dakrZa-

les misive iniciativiT daarsebul pionerul qalaq

„mziurSi“, rasac erTgvari individualuri panTeo-

nis saxe hqonda.

aseTi sasaflaoebi ar yofila ubralod xsovnisa da

pativis migebis adgili: Tbilisis panTeonebze yoveli

saflavis ukan imaleba ukanaskneli saukune-naxevris

qarTuli sazogadoebis RirebulebaTa mTeli sistema,

rwmena-warmodgenebi da saazrovno kriteriumebi. swo-

red panTeonebze daibada da oficialurad gaformda

mwerlebis, msaxiobebis, mxatvrebis, musikosebisa da

mecnierebis, anu, krebiTi saxeliT rom vTqvaT, inte-

ligenciis kulti.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom iakobinuri proeqti, romelic

religiis sanacvlod, panTeonis saxiT eris saamayo da

sanimuSo Svilebis galereisa da maTi Tayvaniscemis

adgilis, rogorc erTgvari arareligiuri sakulto

obieqtis Seqmnas gulisxmobda, romelsac oficialu-

ri religiis (qristianobis) adgili unda daekavebina,

saavtoro

cxeli Sokoladi 83

saavtoro

yvelaze utrirebuli formiTac ki sabWoTa da post-

sabWoTa saqarTveloSi ganxorcielda.

„РАЗВЕ КЭКЭ ПИСАЛА?“ anu beladismSobeli

11. 1937 wels mTawmindis panTeons stalinis deda

ekaterine (keke) gelaZe-juRaSvilisa Seemata. erTi

anekdotis Tanaxmad, rodesac stalins amis Sesaxeb

moaxsenes, mas ironiulad uTqvams: „Разве Кэкэ писала?“ Tumca ki stalinis dedis saflavs qarTveli sabWoTa

xalxis warmosaxviT samyaroSi bevrad ufro didi sim-

boluri mniSvneloba hqonda, vidre amas mxolod bela-

disadmi maamebloba SeiZleba ewodos.

12. 1937 wels, stalinis uSualo miTiTebiT, sabWo-

Ta saqarTvelom ilia WavWavaZis dabadebis 100 wlis-

Tavi izeima. am TariRs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba

hqonda sabWoTa periodis qarTuli cnobierebisa da

kulturuli identobis Camoyalibebis saqmeSi. ilia

WavWavaZe, romelsac ukve sicocxleSive „saqarTve-

los ugvirgvino mefesa“ da „qarTveli eris mamas“

uwodebdnen, sabWoTa saqarTvelos erovnuli iden-

tobis mTavari simboloc unda gamxdariyo. amisaTvis

ki saWiro iyo ilias „gasabWoeba“, misi gadayvana im

dros Seqmnis procesSi myof qarTul sabWoTa nara-

ciaSi.

13. Tavdapirvelad ilia WavWavaZe stalinis qarTuli

literaturisaTvis aRmomCeni xdeba: swored misi meSve-

obiT iRebs stalini pirvel iniciacias rogorc poeti,

anu, iliasave gansazRvrebiT, adamiani, romelsac eris

gasaZRolad RmerTTan saubari uxdeba. magram stalini

Sors gascda mxolod eris sulieri winamZRolisa Tu

„ugvirgvino mefis“ statuss. amitomac misi masStabebi

ufro did miToss saWiroebda. aseTi miTosis avtori-

zacia ki mxolod ilias avtoritets Tu SeeZlo. Tanac

idealur siuJets amgvari miTologemisaTvis misi leq-

si „bazaleTis tba“ iZleoda. ilia WavWavaZis „gasabWo-

ebiT“ wre Seikra, „winaswarmetyveleba“ asrulda da

bazaleTis tbis Ziras mdgar oqros akvnidan amovida

usaxelo yrma, mesia, visac dRe-da-Ram hnatrulobda

Cumis natvriTa qarTveli da mas saxelad stalini ewo-

da, riTic Tavad am winaswarmetyvelebis WeSmaritebac

dadasturda.

14. magram qarTvel mesiasac hyavda mSobeli deda,

romelmac 1937 wels miiZina da sruliad bunebrivi

iyo misi mTawmindis panTeonSi amaRleba. ekaterine

juRaSvili ara mxolod mTawmindis mweralTa da sazo-

gado moRvaweTa panTeonSi daikrZala, aramed igi qar-

Tul sabWoTa „RvTaebaTa“ panTeonSi iqna Seyvanili,

rogorc „qarTvlis deda“, rogorc beladismSobeli,

romelsac am sekularul RvTaebaTa ansamblSi RvTism-

Soblis funqcia eniWeboda. ase aRiqvamdnen da Tayvans

scemdnen mis saflavs qarTveli pedagogebi da inJin-

rebi, eqimebi da muSa-mosamsaxureebi, kolmeurneebi

da partiuli funqcionrebi _ mokled, is xalxi, vinc

qarTuli sabWoTa sazogadoebis absolutur umravle-

sobas warmoadgenda.

Tumca stalinis kultis oficialurad akrZalvis

Semdeg es miTologiuri siuJetic daikarga, daiwyo

axali siuJetebisa da simboloebis gamogonebis pro-

vinaidan saqarTveloSi panTeoni ara istoriul an kulturul fenomenad,

aramed cocxal, RirebulebiT realobad aRiqmeba da religiur grZnobebs

aRZravs, romelic `RirseulTa~ saflavebis Tayvaniscemas da `uRirsebis~

amoTxra-gangdebas gulisxmobs, SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom micvalebulTa

gadasveneba-gadmosvenebis procesi 21-e saukuneSic axal Teologiur

simaRleebs Sematebs am iakobinur rwmena-warmodgenas.

84 cxeli Sokoladi

cesi. ucvleli ki mxolod Tavad panTeoni da masTan

dakavSirebuli rwmena-warmodgenebi darCa.

qarTuli postsekularuli siurrealizmi

„yorRanebidan gnoli afrinda...“ giorgi leoniZe

15. 1989 wels mTawmindis panTeonze merab kostava

daikrZala da misi saxiT panTeonsac aqamde ucnobi

funqciis figura _ „erovnuli gmiri“ Seemata. kos-

tava saqarTvelos istoriaSi pirveli adamiani iyo,

vinc es sapatio tituli miiRo da xalxmac aRiara

igi, rogorc „erovnuli gmiri“, Tumcaki aravis gas-

Cenia kiTxva, Tu ras niSnavs „erovnuli gmiroba“ an

ratom iyo kostava gmiri? amiT perestroikisa da de-

mokratizaciis xanis saqarTveloSi axali, TavisTa-

vad cxadi WeSmaritebebis xana daiwyo. es procesi ki

garegnuladac da Sinaarsobrivadac ufro religiur

reformas hgavs, vidre politikur transformacias,

rodesac mTeli reformatoruli energia Zveli ker-

pebis dangrevisa da axali dogmebis dawesebisaken

warimarTeba. iakobinuri principi ki _ panTeonisa-

dmi rwmeniTi, sakulto-religiuri damokidebuleba

ucvleli rCeba. am religiuri muxtiT aucilebeli

gaxda mTawmindidan komunisti liderebis _ maxaraZis,

cxakaiasa da Todrias gadasveneba, ramdenadac maTi

adgili axal qarTul rwmena-warmodgenaTa panTeon-

Si aRar iyo. samagierod sruliad logikuri iyo pan-

Teonis pirveli reformatoris zviad gamsaxurdias,

Semdeg ki meore erovnuli gmiris _ qaquca ColoyaS-

vilis mTawmindaze gadasveneba.

16. panTeonebis religiuri dogmatikis daxvewis sa-

qmeSi sakuTari wvlilis Setana saqarTvelos meore

prezidentma eduard SevardnaZemac scada, romlis ini-

ciativiTac mTawmindis panTeonSi dakrZalva mxolod

cnobili pirovnebis gardacvalebidan 25 wlis gasvlis

Semdeg unda gamxdariyo SesaZlebeli. anu gamoCenili

qarTveli gardacvalebis Semdeg xvdeba erTgvar „sal-

xinebelSi“, sadac mas 25 weli dro aqvs, raTa „ganiw-

mindos“ da mTawmindis „samoTxeSi“ amaRleba daimsaxu-

ros. radganac marTlmadidebloba, kaTolicizmisgan

gansxvavebiT, purgatorium-s, anu „salxinebels“ ar ic-

nobs, unda vivaraudoT, rom es idea ara me-6 saukune-

Si romis pap gregorius didis moZRvrebidan, aramed

ufro skkp-s politbiuros wevrobis kandidatobis

institutidan unda momdinareobdes.

17. Tuki iakobinuri proeqtiT panTeoni sekularu-

li religiis sakulto obieqti unda gamxdariyo da

Tavisi mniSvnelobiT oficialur eklesiasac ki Cana-

cvleboda, postsabWoTa saqarTveloSi Tavad eklesia

aqtiurad Caeba panTeonebis „gayvelawmindebisa“ da

mis gamarTlmadideblurebis procesSi, rac amasTa-

nave marTlmadideblobis gaiakobinurebasac niSnavs.

2009 wlis seqtembris dasawyisSi kaTalikos-patriar-

qi ilia II gamovida iniciativiT, rom mwerali nodar

dumbaZe imsaxurebs mTawmindis panTeons. 12 seqtem-

bers dakrZalvidan 25 wlis Semdeg saflavidan amoi-

Res nodar dumbaZis neSti da mama daviTis taZarSi

daasvenes, xolo ori dRis Semdeg ukve saeklesio pa-

naSvidiT, romelic mwerals 25 wlis win ar Rirsebia,

mTawmindis panTeonSi dakrZales. 4 oqtombers ki, me-

riisa da sapatriarqos erToblivi gadawyvetilebiT,

mTawmindaze mwerali oTar WilaZe daikrZala, da amiT

es panTeonic, adgilebis Sevsebis gamo, daxurulad

gamocxadda. magram es aranairad ar unda niSnavdes

imas, rom „zeciuri saqarTvelos“ rCeulTa sakrebu-

los kari samudamod gadairaza da masSi moxvedris

msurvelebisaTvis 25 weli salxinebelSi lodinic

amao iqneba. imedis pirveli naperwkalia sul ufro

gaxSirebuli mowodebebi, raTa stalinis deda _ eka-

terine juRaSvili gadasvendes mTawmindis panTeoni-

dan! amiT dasruldeboda sabWoTa panTeonis post-

sabWoTa reforma da qarTul iakobinur marTalTa

madideblobasac mTawmindaze vakanturi adgili ga-

mouTavisufldeboda.

vinaidan saqarTveloSi panTeoni ara istoriul an

kulturul fenomenad, aramed cocxal, RirebulebiT

realobad aRiqmeba da religiur grZnobebs aRZravs,

romelic „RirseulTa“ saflavebis Tayvaniscemas da

„uRirsebis“ amoTxra-gangdebas gulisxmobs, SegviZlia

vivaraudoT, rom micvalebulTa gadasveneba-gadmos-

venebis procesi 21-e saukuneSic axal Teologiur si-

maRleebs Sematebs am iakobinur rwmena-warmodgenas.

saavtoro

cxeli Sokoladi 85cxeli Sokoladi 85

vadimivadimiavtori: levan berZeniSvili

ilustracia: mariam zaldastaniSvili

saavtoro

vadimi, anu vadim anatolis Ze

iankovi, ganaTlebiT maTematikosi,

realur cxovrebaSi ki erTdroulad

didi topologosi, filologosi,

filosofosi, poliglotosi, maTe-

matikosi, fizikosi, qimikosi, tvini-

kosi da, ubralod da siyvaruliT da

SemoklebiT _ kosi, erT-erTi yvela-

ze niWieri da erudirebuli adamiani

iyo, vinc ki cxovrebaSi Semxvedria.

„kosi~ Cemma Zmam, daTom daarqva da

am saidumlo TikuniT mxolod qar-

TvelTa Soris moixsenieboda. daTos

gulwrfelad uyvarda, me postnic-

Seanel zeadamianad mimaCnda, Jora

mudmivad ekamaTeboda da joni Cum-

Cumad dascinoda.

1982 wels dapatimrebul vadim

iankovs mkacri reJimis koloniaSi _

4 weli da 3 weli gadasaxleba hqon-

da misjili. sapatimro vada srulad

moixada da gadasaxlebaSi buriatiis

assr-Si gauSves.

taganrogSi dabadebuli vadim

iankovi warmoadgenda Cveni poli-

tikuri banakis erT-erTi ZiriTadi

nawilis, moskovuri koloniis namd-

vil varskvlavs (magram ara liders,

radgan politikur patimar moskove-

lebs, qarTvelebisa ar iyos, erTiani

lideri arc erT politikur banakSi

arasodes hyoliaT) sxva inteleqtu-

alebTan, saSa CernovTan, Jora xomi-

zurTan, miSa rivkinTan, iaSa nefe-

dievTan erTad.

icoda inglisuri, franguli, ger-

manuli, espanuri, italiuri, Zveli

berZnuli, laTinuri da Zveli indu-

ri (sanskriti). SesaniSnavad erkveoda

zogadi da indoevropuli lingvis-

tikis, maT Soris, romanuli enebis

sakiTxebSi, icnobda Zvel da axal

qarTul enaTmecnierebas, xSirad ax-

senebda qarTveli enaTmecnierebis,

Tamaz gamyreliZis, givi maWavaria-

nis, baqar gigineiSvilis naSromebs,

SeeZlo saaTobiT esaubra ablaut-

sa da sonantTa sistemaze uZveles

qarTulSi. Zveli berZnuli imdenad

kargad icoda, rom Cvens erTobliv

seminarebze, romelsac morigeobiT

vatarebdiT xolme dainteresebul

pirTaTvis, homerosidan citatebs

unaklo heqsametriT kiTxulobda

da ar maxsovs, erTi Secdoma mainc

daeSvas (klasikuri filologiis spe-

cialistebi mimixvdebian, enis ra do-

nis codnas aRniSnavs es).

vadimi merab mamardaSvilis me-

gobari da sokratikosi iyo am si-

tyvis yvelaze ufro farTo gagebiT.

sokratesaviT weraze maRla metyve-

lebas ayenebda da xumrobiT ambob-

da, cnobili laTinuri andaza Nulla dies sine linea (arc erTi dRe striqo-

nis gareSe, anu erTi striqoni mainc

unda dawero dReSi, produqtiulo-

bis formula) CemTvis sxvagvarad

JRers _ Nulla dies cum linea (arc erTi

dRe striqonTan erTad _ dRe ar

unda iyos, rom striqoni mainc da-

wero, arasdros araferi dawero). am

principiT yvelaze metad misi meuR-

le zaraldeboda, romlis mozrdil

werilebs vadimi paradoqsebiT savse

umoklesi werilebiT pasuxobda; am

sxarti formiT gamoTqmuli para-

doqsebis mosafiqreblad ki dros ar

iSurebda.

mravalgzisi gamocdis Semdeg sa-

bolood davrwmundiT, rom vadimma

praqtikulad yvelaferi icoda, rac

SeiZleba Cven dagvWirveboda. yvela

sakamaTo sakiTxze masTan garboda

mTeli zona. sabWoTa multivitami-

nebis mama, artur andersoni masTan

gadioda konsultaciebs vitaminebi-

sa da biologiuri danamatebis Sesa-

xeb; ukrainuli social-demokratiis

lideri, iuri baZio masTan arkvevda

istoriis sazrisis sakiTxs; Cveni

mTavari geologi, giorgi xomizu-

ri TavdaviwyebiT ekamaTeboda ge-

olosinklinaliebze; Tanamedrove

ukrainuli nacionalizmis erT-erTi

mTavari Teoretikosi, dmitro mazu-

ri ebaaseboda TavisTvis sruliad

miuRebel pozitivizmze; fsiqologi

da fsiqiatri, poeti da faruli sio-

nisti boria maniloviCi daxurul in-

formacias sTxovda israelis armiis

SeiaraRebis Sesaxeb; iaponiis jaSuSi

da koreeli komunisti kan-Can-xo

yviTeli ZaRlis, rogorc idealu-

ri kerZis Sesaxeb emaslaaTeboda

da balyareli ruslan ketenCievi

futurologiur analizs ukveTda

CrdiloeT kavkasiis problemebze.

Tamamad SemiZlia vTqva, rom yo-

vlismcodne da mudam dauzareli

vadim iankovi Cveni politikuri ba-

nakisTvis iyo internetamdeli epo-

qis gugli, iahu da vikipedia erTad

aRebuli.

somexi meuRle hyavda da somxebs

pativs scemda, qarTvelebi, rogorc

TviTon ambobda, uangarod uyvarda;

uamravi qarTveli megobari hyavda

rogorc moskovSi, ise TbilisSi. er-

Txel vkiTxe, _ amdeni ena rom ici,

meuRlis xaTriT somxuri rogor ar

iswavle-meTqi da mipasuxa, _ somxuri

rom meswavla, qarTulic unda meswa-

vla, megrulic, svanuric, Semdeg

afxazuric, osuric da CrdiloeT

kavkasiis enebic da amdeni, aba, sad

SemeZloo (ar vici, meuRlesac ase

upasuxa Tu ara, magram faqtia, rom

somxuri da qarTuli anbanisadmi in-

86 cxeli Sokoladi

saavtoro

Tqven Tu sabWoTa kavSiridan gaxvalT, ruseTs demokratiuli ganviTarebis

Sansi daekargeba, saTaveSi derJavnikebi movlen, ruseTisTvis erTaderT

gamosavals moZebnian da, ubralod, Cveulebriv oms dagiwyeben, bunebrivia,

birTvuli iaraRis gareSe, mxolod tankebiT da aviaciiTo, _ gvafrTxilebda

miSa poliakovi. me veubnebodi, _ mag droisTvis saqarTvelo ukve gaero-s da

nato-s wevri iqneba da oms veravin dauwyebs-meTqi. didi problema gaqvTo,

afxazeTio, magram Cveni xazi, bunebrivia, ucvleli iyo.

teresi zonaSi gamoavlina _ me da

rafael papaians moswavled dagvid-

ga. samive qarTuli anbani swrafad

iswavla da kiTxvaSi Jora xomizurs

gauswro).

kulturul-saganmanaTleblo

programas gegmavda specialuri ko-

misia (sityva „sabWos~ gagoneba ar

undoda aravis), romelSic bolos

mec Sevdiodi da yvelaze axalgazr-

da wevri viyavi; am komisias vadimi

xelmZRvanelobda. komisiam dama-

vala vaJa-fSavelaze moxsenebaTa

ciklis momzadeba. gamixarda, _ ra

kargia, vaJa rom iciT-meTqi da kos-

ma misayvedura, _ rogor SeiZleba

vaJa-fSavela ar gvcodnoda, is xom

kosmiuri masStabis poeti da skef-

sisis Teoretikosi iyo, xolo alu-

da qeTelauri pirveli disidentio!

rusul kulturaSi odnav Caxedulma

adamianma vaJas Semoqmedeba rogor

ar unda icodes, roca mas paster-

naki, zabolocki da spaski Targmnid-

neno.

rogorc yvela gamorCeulad

niWier adamians, vadim iankovsac

uamravi Tavisebureba axasiaTeb-

da. erT-erTi yvelaze didi ucnau-

roba, vadims rom axlda, sakuTari

erovnebisadmi damokidebuleba iyo.

rusi mamisa da ebraeli dedis Svi-

li, kosi Tavs xan rusad aRiarebda

da xan ebraelad. rac mTavaria, mis

saqcielSi logikas ver daiWerdi,

veravin gamoicnobda, rodis gax-

deboda rusi da rodis _ ebraeli.

avi enebi avad xumrobdnen, ebrae-

lebis Seviwroeba rom iwyeba, maSin

rusi xdeba da, piriqiT, ebraeloba

rom sasargebloa, maSin rusobaze

uars ambobso. keTil enebs keTilad

eCvenebodaT, rom vadim iankovi swo-

red maSin debda ebraelobaze Tavs,

rodesac maTi Seviwroeba iwyeboda.

zonis administracia mebrZoli an-

tisemitebiT iyo dakompleqtebuli,

nacionalist patimrebSic antisemi-

tebi umravlesobas Seadgendnen (am

mxriv ukraineli benderelebi da

baltiispireli samxedro damnaSa-

veebi liderobdnen) da ebraelobis

Tundac xandaxan aRiareba gmirobis

tolfasi iyo.

me miyvarda kosis dapatiJeba Cem

mwir sufraze, magram sirTule mqon-

da, simwriT naSovn Roris qonis, ru-

suli, ukrainuli an litvuri salis

naxevar naWers xan damiwunebda da xan

didi oxvriT moinatrebda. bolos da

cxeli Sokoladi 87

bolos, TviTmfrinavis gamtaceblisa

da sionizmis Riad mqadageblis (si-

namdvileSi ki administraciisa da

kagebes agentis), misi sexniis, vadim

arenbergis aqtiuri moRvaweobis Se-

degad zonaSi ebrauli Tavsabura-

vi, e.w. „ermolka~ gaCnda da vadimis

erovnebis gamocnobac sagrZnoblad

gaadvilda: roca ebraelobda, Seno-

baSic ermolkas ixuravda da roca

rusobda, ermolkas sadRac malavda.

arenbergis zeobis xanaSi sasadi-

qarTvelebs da vadim iankovs erT

sakiTxze gansakuTrebuli uTanxmo-

eba gvqonda. vadimi gakvirvebuli

iyo, ratom CqarobT sabWoTa kav-

Siridan gaqcevas, gana umjobesi ar

iqneba komunizmi saerTo ZalebiT

davamarcxoT, liberaluri demokra-

tia avaSenoT da mere umtkivneulod

daviSaloTo. Cven veubnebodiT, _

Cveni qveyana mogveciT da Cvens wi-

Tlebs TviTon mivxedavTo. miSa po-

liakovi Tavis cnobil gamosavals

mwvervalis, sacivis Sesaxeb. Zveli

patimrebi dResac meubnebian an mwe-

ren, rom imis msgavsi speqtakli, rac

me da vadim iankovma davdgiT saci-

vis Taobaze politikur banakSi, ara-

sodes unaxavT. am dialogSi me, anu

viTomda gulubryvilo sokrate, ki-

Txvebs vusvamdi gamocdil sofists,

vadim iankovs, msoflio kulinariis

eqsperts, romelic bolos aRiare-

bda, rom ar SeiZleba arsebobdes

raime sacivze ukeTesi. mTlianad

saavtoro

sokrate (me): kulturaSi ras gulisxmob?

anaqsagora: rac adamianis xeliT qmnila, damuSavebula. laTinuria _ colo, colui,

cultum, colere vamuSaveb.

sokrate: kulinaria kulturaa?

anaqsagora: ara mgonia, Cemo sokrate, kultura ufro maRal materiebs moicavs.

lo darbazSi erT magidasTan isxd-

nen ermolkiani vadim iankovi, vadim

arenbergi, iaSa nefedievi da griSa

feldmani.

erTxelac sadilze SemoiWrnen

administraciis warmomadgenlebi,

kontrolior trifonovis xelmZR-

vanelobiT. trifonovma daiRria-

la: Снять головные уборы! erTi-ori

muslimi gvyavda da qudi moixades,

vadimma, iaSam da griSam ermolke-

bi moixsnes, xolo arenbergma da

rivkinma, trifonovis ganmeorebi-

Ti moTxovnis miuxedavad, ermolka

ar moiSores. patimari miSa rivkini

daumorCileblobisTvis xelaxla

daapatimres, damatebiT rva wlis

sapyrobile miusajes, Cveni zonidan

waiyvanes „kritSi~ anu sapyrobileSi,

xolo profesionali provokatori

arenbergi zonaSi dagvitoves, sanam

saerTo siZulvilis atmosferom ar

gadaagvara da Tavi permis politi-

kur banakSi ar gadaayvanina. am dRis

Semdeg vadim iankovs ermolka ar

dauxuravs, me ki misTvis sala aRar

SemiTavazebia, sanam erTxel TviTon

ar dampatiJa Savi puris naWerze, li-

tvur Sebolil salis erT lukmasa

da meoTxed kbil niorze.

gvTavazobda, _ ruseTi gaviyvanoT

sabWoTa kavSiridano. magram ianko-

visTvis es arafers niSnavda. Tqven

Tu sabWoTa kavSiridan gaxvalT,

ruseTs demokratiuli ganviTarebis

Sansi daekargeba, saTaveSi derJavni-

kebi movlen, ruseTisTvis erTaderT

gamosavals moZebnian da, ubralod,

Cveulebriv oms dagiwyeben, bune-

brivia, birTvuli iaraRis gareSe,

mxolod tankebiT da aviaciiTo, _

gvafrTxilebda. me veubnebodi, _ mag

droisTvis saqarTvelo ukve gaero-s

da nato-s wevri iqneba da oms vera-

vin dauwyebs-meTqi. didi proble-

ma gaqvTo, afxazeTio, magram Cveni

xazi, bunebrivia, ucvleli iyo.

miuxedavad sxvadasxva futuro-

logiuri xedvisa, iankovi mudmivad

cdilobda, pozitiuri da mSvidobia-

ni saerTo niadagi gamoeZebna. am gza-

ze eqsperimentebsac ar erideboda.

banakSi popularobiT sargeblobda

vadimis mier inicirebuli sokra-

tuli dialogebi, romelSic momx-

senebeli sokrates rolSi gvevline-

boda da msmenelebi mis metoqeebad

an moswavleebad. erT-erTi aseTi

sadialogo moxseneba me wavukiTxe

mSier zonas qarTuli kulinariis

Cveni dialogis aRdgena ar SemiZlia,

magram igi daaxloebiT ase mimdina-

reobda:

sokrate (me): rogor fiqrob, ana-

qsagora, msoflioSi ramdeni nacia

arsebobs?

anaqsagora (vadim iankovi): aba ro-

gor giTxra, Cemo sokrate, saxel-

mwifo-nacias Tu gulisxmob, orasze

naklebia da ena-nacias Tu gulisx-

mob, xuTi aTasic ki iqneba.

sokrate: saxelmwifo-naciaze Se-

vCerdeT, ese igi orasiao?

anaqsagora: axla naklebia, magram

zogierTi separatisti rom gaimar-

jvebs, orasic iqneba da SeiZleba

cota gadaaWarbos kidec.

sokrate: ra niSnebiT gansxvavde-

bian erTmaneTisgan saxelmwifo na-

ciebi?

anaqsagora: erTi jmuxi sofistis

mixedviT, eniT, rwmeniT, terito-

riiT, kulturiT.

sokrate: ar megona, Tu mag so-

fists daesesxebodi, anaqsagora.

anaqsagora: Tqveni fratriidanaa

da kidev me memarTlebiT?!

sokrate: kulturaSi ras gulisx-

mob?

anaqsagora: rac adamianis xeliT

88 cxeli Sokoladi

qmnila, damuSavebula. laTinuria _

colo, colui, cultum, colere va-

muSaveb.

sokrate: kulinaria kulturaa?

anaqsagora: ara mgonia, Cemo sokra-

te, kultura ufro maRal materiebs

moicavs.

sokrate: sakvebs adamianebi amza-

deben?

anaqsagora: namdvilad, sokrate.

sokrate: xeliT akeTeben amas?

anaqsagora: ZiriTadad, Cemo

sokrate.

sokrate: rogor Tu ZiriTadad?

anaqsagora: Rvinos fexiT wuraven

da zogierTi tomebi xorcsac fexiT

begvaven.

sokrate: ZiriTadad ki xeliT?

anaqsagora: diaxac, Cemo tkbilo

sokrate.

sokrate: maS sakvebi adamianis xe-

liT qmnila da damzadebula?

anaqsagora: diaxac.

sokrate: eg xom kulturis Seneu-

li ganmartebaa?

anaqsagora: gamodis, rom kulina-

ria kultura yofila, Cemo sokrate.

sokrate: ramdeni naciaao, Cemo yo-

vlismcodne anaqsagora?

anaqsagora: orasze naklebi.

sokrate: ramdeni samzareuloa

cnobili?

anaqsagora: ocamde.

sokrate: tailandursa da Cinurs

erTad xom ar angariSob?

anaqsagora: rogor gekadreba, Cemo

sokrate!

sokrate: iberiuli Tu Segyavs mag

oceulSi?

anaqsagora: orjer, Cemo sokrate.

aRmosavluric da dasavluric.

sokrate: moskovSi ramdeni espanu-

ri restorani gaqvT?

anaqsagora: arc erTi, Cemo sokra-

te.

sokrate: argentinuli?

anaqsagora: arc erTi.

sokrate: aba meqsikuri?

anaqsagora: ara, Cemo sokrate.

sokrate: aRmosavlur iberiuli?

anaqsagora: magas vin moTvlis,

sokrate batono? marto „aragvi~

rad Rirs!

papaiani: „aragvis~ mTavari mzareu-

li somexia.

sokrate: miT umetes! msoflio sa-

mzareuloTa aTeulSi qarTuli Se-

dis?

anaqsagora: ulaparakod, Cemo

sokrate.

sokrate: erTi es miTxari, anaqsa-

gora, aTeulis CamoTvla SegiZlia,

oRond vinmem rame rom ar dagvwamos,

anbanuri rigiT?

anaqsagora: magaze ioli ra unda

iyos? avRanuri, espanuri, induri,

iaponuri, italiuri, meqsikuri, tai-

landuri, franguli, qarTuli, Cinu-

ri.

sokrate: qarTvelebi amboben, rom

maTi saukeTeso kerZi xaWapursa da

sacivs Soris unda amovirCioT; da-

vuSvaT, es sacivia, danarCenebis Cem-

pion kerZebze ras ityodi, anaqsago-

ra?

anaqsagora: avRanelebisTvis esaa

kabobi kubidehiT, espanelebisTvis

paelia, indoelebisTvis kari, iapone-

lebisTvis _ suSi, italielebisTvis

pica, meqsikelebisTvis tako, tai-

landelebisTvis krevetis sufi tom

kum iani, frangebisTvis lokokina,

CinelebisTvis vefxvisa da drakonis

Setakeba.

sokrate: bolodan daviwyoT. ve-

fxvisa da drakonis Setakebas rom

ambob, drakonSi gveli xom ar igu-

lisxmeba?

anaqsagora: namdvilad, Cemo sokra-

te.

sokrate: msoflioSi bevri ici ise-

Ti xalxi, gvels rom etanebodes?

kan-Can-xo: koreelebi yvelafers

saavtoro

cxeli Sokoladi 89

vWamT, rac adamianze dabla dgas,

gvelsac da maimunsac.

anaqsagora: ara, Soreul aRmosav-

leTs da miTosur qajebs Tu ar Ca-

vTvliT, ara.

sokrate: ese igi, eg msoflio ker-

Zi ver iqneba.

anaqsagora: ase gamodis, Cemo

sokrate.

kan-Can-xo: ar giWamiaT da imitom.

sokrate: lokokinas yvela miirT-

mevs?

anaqsagora: verc eg iqneba mso-

flio saWmeli.

sokrate: umi xorcis moyvarule-

bze ras ityvi, anaqsagora?

anaqsagora: umciresobaSi arian.

iaponiis jaSuSi orlovi: suSi umi

ar aris, mTlad umi ar aris.

sokrate: rogoria suSis Sansebi?

anaqsagora: minimaluri, Cemo

sokrate.

sokrate: krevetebs volgaSi iWe-

ren?

anaqsagora: msoflios naxevarma

saerTod ar icis, raa kreveti.

sokrate: ukrevetod da qoqosis

rZis gareSe tom kum iani warmogid-

genia, dido gurmano anaqsagora?

anaqsagora: ara, Cemo sokrate.

sokrate: kargad dafiqrdi, Cemo

anaqsagora da mipasuxe, espanuri pae-

lia jobs Tu kargi uzbekuri plovi?

anaqsagora: raximovis Tandaswre-

biT tyuils ver vityvi _ uzbekuri

plovi, ra Tqma unda.

sokrate: ese igi, msoflio kerZad

eg ar gamodgeba. raRa dagvrCa?

anaqsagora: SesaniSnavi xuTeuli:

avRanuri kabobi kubidehiT, induri

kari, italiuri pica, meqsikuri tako

da qarTuli sacivi.

sokrate: italiuri pica, qarTuli

xaWapuri, rusuli vatruSka tipo-

logiurad erTnairi xom ar aris?

anaqsagora: Sen ici, Cemo sokrate

Cemi damokidebuleba xaWapurTan;

amovagdoT pica, mainc ara var didi

moyvaruli.

sokrate: meqsikuri tako raRaa,

„sbornaia salianka~ ar ajobebs, ro-

melic igivea, magram gacilebiT meti

komponentiT?

donskoi: `sbornaia salianka~ ajo-

bebs, marto mJave kitri rad Rirs!

sokrate: SevCerdeT avRanur qabo-

bze, igive qarTul mwvadze, somxur

xorevacsa da sakavSiro „SaSlikze~.

Sen Segiwvavs mwvadi, Cemo anaqsago-

ra?

anaqsagora: rogor ara, perede-

lkinoSi sul mwvadebs ar vwvavdiT?!

sokrate: aba kubidehi, qarTvelebi

rom sababs veZaxiT, isaa da eg azer-

baijanelebs rom aqvT, avRanuri imas

ver ajobebs.

anaqsagora: marTali xar, Cemo

sokrate, me rom kargad gamomdis, is

ver iqneba msoflios saukeTeso ker-

Zi. Tan yvela mwvads somxuri xore-

vaci sjobia.

sokrate: iwyeba nigvzianebis

konkursi. kari Tu sacivi?

anaqsagora: gagviWirdeba arCeva,

Zalian hgavs erTmaneTs.

sokrate: aba miTxari, anaqsagora,

xorcad ra aqvs karis?

anaqsagora: qaTami.

sokrate: sacivs?

anaqsagora: indauri.

sokrate: romeli ufro didia?

anaqsagora: Cemo sokrate, es ra

argumentia?

sokrate: romeli ufro sqelia, sa-

civi Tu kari?

anaqsagora: sacivi.

sokrate: romelSia meti nigozi?

anaqsagora: sacivSi.

sokrate: erTi jami sacivi metad

gagaZRobs Tu erTi jami kari?

anaqsagora: sacivi, Cemo sokrate.

vaRiare, sacivia msoflios saukeTe-

so kerZi da barem gviTxari, rogor

mzaddeba.

amas mohyva sacivis recepti da

damzadebis wesis aRwera. mSieri

xalxi tiroda da dialogis warma-

tebas gvilocavda. me da iankovma,

emociurad daclilebma da msaxio-

burad daRlilebma ori Termosi

magari Cai davlieT da davificeT,

rom Tavisuflebas rom mivaRwevdiT,

saukeTeso indoel da qarTvel mza-

reulebs, Sesabamisad, karisa da sa-

civs davukveTdiT da kulinariuli

brZolis velze gavarkvevdiT gamar-

jvebulis vinaobas (es martivi gas-

trocentruli ocneba jerac aus-

rulebeli gvaqvs).

rogorc ukve vTqviT, Zveli ber-

Znulis SesaniSnavi mcodne iyo,

oRond es ufro moyvarulis codna

iyo, vidre profesionalis. magali-

Tad, accusativus cum infi nitivo Teoriu-

lad esmoda, magram praqtikaSi rom

Sexvedroda, SeiZleba ver ecno. Zve-

li berZnuli enis sobolevskiseuli

saxelmZRvanelo hqonda Tan, magram

iqauri teqstebi aTasjer gadaReWi-

li hqonda. amasobaSi misi dabadebis

dRe axlovdeboda da me seriozul

saCuqars vumzadebdi. wigni-fostiT

sistemaSi germaniis demokratiuli

respublikis saxelganTqmuli seria

Teubneriana moxvda, romlis wiTeli

saavtoro

90 cxeli Sokoladi

wignebi Zveli berZnuli literatu-

ris klasikas moicavs, xolo lurji

_ romaulisas. leningradis wignis

saxlma, Cemi saeWvo ukana misamar-

Tis miuxedavad, SekveTa miiRo da

evripides wiTeli tomi gamoagzavna,

romelic misi erT-erTi Sedevris,

„alkestisis` Zvel berZnul akade-

miur gamocemas warmoadgenda. me

ar SemiZlia im emociis gadmocema,

romliTac iankovma saCuqari miiRo

_ auTenturi da araadaptirebuli

berZnuli teqsti, roca arsebobs

vadimma, rogorc TviTon uwodebda, `sicocxlis paradigmis~ gamocda momiwyo.

meubneba, warmoidgine, rom RmerTma mogca zustad imdeni wyali, ramdenic udabnos

gadasakveTad gWirdeba, arc erTi wveTiT meti da arc erTi wveTiT naklebi. midixar

udabnoSi. gxvdeba mwyurvale adamiani, gTxovs wyals, ras Svrebi? me vupasuxe, rom

wyals vasmev da gzas erTad ganvagrZobT.

sobolevskis saxelmZRvanelos mo-

zrdili leqsikoni da Zveli berZnu-

li enis diplomirebuli da xarisxis

maZiebeli specialisti! (es frag-

mentia misi samadlobelo sadRegr-

Zelodan, romelic, tradiciulad,

ufro xmamaRal Sefasebebs Seicavda

da Seisva cxeli CaiT).

manamde vadimma, rogorc TviTon

uwodebda, „sicocxlis paradigmis~

gamocda momiwyo. meubneba, war-

moidgine, rom RmerTma mogca zus-

tad imdeni wyali, ramdenic udabnos

gadasakveTad gWirdeba, arc erTi

wveTiT meti da arc erTi wveTiT

naklebi. midixar udabnoSi. gxvdeba

mwyurvale adamiani, gTxovs wyals,

ras Svrebi? me vupasuxe, rom wyals

vasmev da gzas erTad ganvagrZobT.

am SemTxvevaSi orive daiRupebiT,

wyali ar geyofaT, udabnodan ver

gamoxvalT; arao, RmerTma sicocx-

le mogca wylis saxiT da mas unda

gaufrTxilde, ar unda misceo. me

mainc mivcem-meTqi, _ vupasuxe da

kamaTic Sewyda.

wiTeli wigni rom vaCuqe, magrad

Caujda. metad gaitaca alkestisis

ideam _ Tavi gawiro sayvareli ada-

mianisaTvis, mokvde sxvis nacvlad.

ubrazdeboda evripides, romelic

miseul „sicocxlis paradigmas` ar

eTanxmeboda. alkestisi, antigones

RviZli literaturuli da Tu deda,

Tan ucnauri ZaliT xiblavda, Tan

saSinlad aRizianebda. ambobda, _ ad-

metosis moxuci deda sworad moiqca,

rodesac Svilis nacvlad ar mokvda,

moxuci mamac sworad moiqca, rode-

sac sicocxlis paradigmiT isargebla

da Svilis nacvlad ar mokvda, magram

coli, alkestisi, ase axalgazrda,

rogor ar gaufrTxilda RvTis naCu-

qar sicocxles? ar mesmis, ar minda

gavigo! albaT amitom ambobs aristo-

tele, _ evripide yvelaze tragiku-

lia poetebidano. es ram daawerina,

ase rogor SeiZleba?! da, Tu SeiZle-

ba, antigones nu adarebT, antigone

ideisTvis mokvdao da amas moayola

SesaniSnavi franguli simReris, JorJ

brasansis Mourir pour des idées _ `mokv-

de ideebisTvis~ dasawyisi:

Mourir pour des idées _ l’idée est excel-lente.

mokvde ideebisTvis _ mSvenieri

ideaa.

erTxel boris maniloviCis Ta-

osnobiT poeziis saRamo moewyo,

TiToeul patimars mxolod xuTi

wuTi hqonda sayvareli poetis war-

mosadgenad: unda waekiTxa leqsi an

fragmenti poemidan da ramdenime

sityviT warmoedgina misi Semoqme-

deba an sakuTari damokidebuleba

am poetisadmi. qronometraJisTvis

gamoviyeneT banakis mTavari xelmar-

jve ostatis, rafael papaianis mier

saxeldaxelod damzadebuli qviSis

saaTi. Joras da miSas col-qmari

mouwiaT: xomizurma nikolai gumi-

liovi warmoadgina (Sedevri muSaze,

romelmac is tyvia Camoasxa, poets

rom guls gaugmiravs) da poliako-

vma ana axmatova (rekviemi: У меня сегодня много дела...); ideis avtorma

maniloviCma Tavisi usayvarlesi osip

mandelStami airCia (Кому зима _ арак и пунш голубоглазый), me galaktioni

(domino: „mesmis am gamZafrebis wa-

mwamebis kankali~), rafikam paruir

sevaki („samxmiani liturgia~), geli

donskoim aleqsandr bloki (Tematu-

ri, magram pesimisturi: Девушка пела в церковном хоре), saSa Cernovma bo-

ris pasternaki (Ты значил все в моей

судьбе) da vadimma marina cvetaeva. am

dRes vadimma yvela gagvaoca, Cveu-

lebriv civma da ironiulma iankovma

uCveulo mRelvarebiT waikiTxa ram-

denime sruliad genialuri fragmen-

ti cvetaevas poemidan Поэма конца da Tavisi gamosvla daamTavra didi

poetis cxovrebis ukanaskneli wlis

tragikuli movlenebis gaxsenebiT,

rodesac sasowarkveTil da mSier

cvetaevas ukanasknelma gulSematki-

vrebma samsaxuri uSoves mweralTa

saxlSi _ geniosis xvedri aRmoCnda

damlagebloba, magram did poets es

Tanamdebobac ver daukavebia: saxel-

ganTqmul ilia erenburgs uTqvams,

_ am Tanamdebobaze ufro Rirseuli

kandidati arsebobso da marina iva-

novnas bedic gadawyvetila. vadimma

cvetaevas ukanaskneli navsayudeli,

tragikuli elabuga axsena da brZana,

rusuli glubinkis es manamde usaxe-

lo da dResac ubadruki adgili ma-

rina cvetaevam ukvdavyo mTel mso-

flioSi, iseve, rogorc napoleonma

vaterloo, ara mravalTagan erT-er-

Ti gamarjvebiT, aramed erTaderTi

damarcxebiT.


saavtoro

cxeli Sokoladi 91

gagrZeleba

<<< dasawyisi gv. 38

abanoebis rigSi fridrixTan erTad

movxvdi. xelze saaTis magvari raRac ga-

mikeTes, miTxres 12-ze gareT gamoxval,

Tu arada, Cven gamogiyvanTo. kargi-Tqo.

ucnauri adgili iyo es gamoqvabuli aba-

noebi. kldeSi, sxvadasxva tipis ramdenime

sacurao auzi mkrTali SuqiT naTdeboda.

jer Cadiodi erT auzSi, iqidan gacura-

vdi boloSi da gamoqvabulSi amodio-

di. kedlebze gakeTebuli isrebiT Sen

TviTon irCevdi, sad waxvidodi. Tumca,

didi arCevani arc yofila, sadac unda

gagexvia, mainc auzSi Cadiodi. erTader-

Ti gansxvavebiT, yvela auzSi sxvadasxva

temperaturis wyli esxa. wyliT dafarul

kibeebze CavdiodiT, rom sixarulisgan

akankalebuli xmiT sonias gadavuCur-

Cule, _ auu, ar ggonia rom titanikSi

xar? ai, boloSi uinsleti xelborkile-

bis gasaRebs rom eZebs, mand-Tqo? so-

niam mzrunvelurad gamiRima, rac imas

niSnavda, rom msgavsi fantazia mxolod

me mawuxebda da gatransul ungrelebs

gavxede, romlebic CanCqerTan ganabule-

bi idgnen da Zlieri WavliT masaJs ike-

Tebdnen. `wamo, iqiT CavideT~, _ sadRac

dampatiJa soniam. uceb... movdundi. sonia

kedels mieyuda da Tvalebi daxuWa, ar

mindoda, magram Zalauneburad mec igive

gavakeTe. TiTqos sizmaric vnaxe... gulis

cema yurebSi mesmoda, sisxli ZarRvebSi

giJurad moZraobda. davamTqnare kidec...

35 Tu 39? ra weria? fokusi gavaswore

da kedelze didi Termometri davinaxe

_ 39-gradusiani wyali asxia am auzSi?

sonia! _ gavxede Cems megobars (ornelas

Semdeg), sonias kedelze miyudebuls eZi-

na. garSemo mimovixede, auzSi myofTagan

yvelaze axalgazrda 70 wlis qalbatoni

davinaxe, romelic yvavilebiani CaCiT ga-

trunuli idga da yuradRebiT makvirde-

boda. saerTod, am auzSi yvela idga, rad-

gan lamis 40-gradusian wyalSi kedelTan

miyudebas Tu moaswrebdi. mere wylis

skamic davinaxe invalidebisaTvis da _ ee,

sonia, wamo ra, mgoni sxvagan movxvdiT-

Tqo, _ Zalian nela da damarcvliT Zlivs

amoviluRluRe. 12 saaTze abanoebTan Ca-

momdgar iasamnisfer ikarusSi ZlivsZli-

vobiT avfofxdiT. mTeli ukana gza xma

aravis amouRia, yvelas eZina. marto fri-

drixi xmaurobda _ dedaa, ra kargi iyoo.

is dRe saerTod aRar maxsovs. mTeli dRe

daxuWuli TvalebiT davdiodi.

festivali dasasruls uaxlovdeboda.

finuri filmi vnaxeT _ `tomasi~, rome-

lic cxadi iyo, rom gaimarjvebda. mar-

tosuli fineli, marto dadioda, marto

Wamda... mokled is iyo, razec sonia me-

laparakeboda xolme. xorvatuli filmi

daiwyo Tu ara, uceb gverdidan viRac

qalma rusulad CamCurCula, _ `vi iz

gruzii da? kakaia karwina, vso plaCu i

plaCu. i vafSe, kakoe bila vremia, kagda

bilo napisano `soiuz film predsto-

vliaet! oox~... ra SuaSi iyo?!

àba, aba, avediT droze~, _ gaisma me-

ore dRes uTenia, isev im ikarusTan da

festivalis stumrebi gamouZinebeli sa-

xeebiT cicqna qalaqSi _ riCiSi wavediT

eqskursiaze. _ àdolf cukori didi

kaci iyo~, _ daaxloebiT ase daiwyo qa-

laq riCis merma gamosvla. adolf cuko-

ri, romelic holivudis erT-erT mTa-

var `mamad~ iTvleba, ungreTSi, riCiSi

daibada. 15 wlis iyo, rodesac saxli da-

tova da Tavgadasavlebis saZieblad ame-

rikaSi Cavida. is iyo pirveli, vinc kinos

sadistribucio kompania Seqmna, daaarsa

Paramount pictures... pirveli, vinc mixvda,

saWiro iyo msaxiobebSi varskvlavTa

sistemis SemoReba. mokled rom vTqvaT,

yvelaferi, rac dRes holivudSi xdeba,

swored adolf cukoris bralia. kacis,

romelic mTeli cxovreba holivudis

varskvlavebs qmnida da romelic Tavis

Tanasoflelebs, yoveli bavSvis daba-

debisas, fuls ugzavnida. wagviyvanes

cukoris saxelobis, yvavilebiT mor-

Tul kinoTeatrSi, mere mis saxlTan ga-

gvatares, _ aq axla sxva ojaxi cxovrobs

da SigniT ver SevalTo. bolos ki turis

aucilebeli detali _ simwvaneSi Caflu-

li cukoris dedis saflavzec gagviyva-

nes. Tan ukan Jurnalistebi dagvyvebod-

nen adgilobrivi televiziis kamerebiT.

mere viRacebma kiTxvebi dausves mers,

_ deda Tu naxa mas mere, rac cnobili

gaxdao... cukoris fuli Tqven qalaqsac

Tu Sexvdao; razec meri uaryofis niSnad

Tavs SeuCereblad aqnevda. viRacam isic

ki Tqva _ me vici, 100 wlis rom gaxda, mis

dabadebis dReze sapatio sityva TviT

hiCkokma warmoTqvao. mec da ornelamac

bevri fotoebi gadaviReT da bolos,

mTelma ikarusma did sufrazec amovya-

viT Tavi. mapatieT, Tu ungruli nacio-

naluri kerZis, `guliaSis~ moyvaruli

xarT, magram liplipa cximSi mocurave

sosisebis, sardelebis da isev! Roris

xorcis danaxvam, sul mTlad damikarga

mada da carieli palinka (Cveneburad

WaWa), didi jRanvis Semdeg ramdenjerme

movylupe. bolos saCuqrebi dagviriges

_ Rvinis Wiqa warweriT àdolf cuko-

ri~ da isev ikarusSi Cagvsves. ar vici,

ikarusis brali iyo Tu ara, magram ukana

gzaze yvelas CagveZina; yvelas, fridri-

xis garda. mTeli es festivali, Tavisi

SexvedrebiT Tu eqskursiebiT, saza-

fxulo skolis damamTavrebel saRamos

hgavda, iseTs, romelic kidev didxans,

diidxans gemaxsovreba. mere zogjer ga-

gaxsendeba da gagecineba kidec. ise, ra

ubeduri gemo hqonda sonias biokanfe-

tebs... arada, sul veubnebodi, _ uh, uh,

ra kargia-Tqo...

ìndustriuli~ qalaqi miSkolci

92 cxeli Sokoladi

Suqura<<< dasawyisi gv. 42

rasakvirvelia maTTvis aravis au-

xsnia, rom sabWoTa kavSirSi (sinamd-

vileSi), sulac ar momxdara im ideis

ganxorcieleba, romelsac namdvili

socializmi hqvia da amitomac alpe-

ris filmSi sakmaod igrZnoba erTgva-

ri guldawyveta da erTgvari sevdac

amis gamo. Tumca piradad, mxiaruli

Turquli filmi arc minaxavs (arc

manamde) da SesaZloa is specifiuri

esTetika, romelic ukve damaxasiaTe-

blad Camoyalibda Turqul kinoSi,

ganapirobebs kidec mis mimarT aseT

minorul ganwyobas. arcTu Soreul

warsulSi, qarTul kinosac hqonda

mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Ta-

viseburebebi, romelic Cvens filmebs

aTas kino-xmebsa da kino-ferebSi ga-

moarCevda, magram Cven aseTi qarTu-

li kino, samwuxarod, ukve davkargeT.

Tumca amave baTumis festivalze, is

qarTuli filmic vnaxe, romelmac

mSobliuri kinosadmi skeptikurad

ganwyobil adamianebsac ki daacde-

nina optimisturi Sefasebebi. zaza

uruSaZis films hqvia `sami saxli~

da nato murvaniZe iseTi magaria, rom

Tundac misi niWis gamosayeneblad

Rirs qarTuli kinos gadarCena. Sei-

Zleba ubralod meCveneba, magram Tu

qarTulma kinom mainc SeZlo im mo-

jadoebuli wris garRveva, romel-

Sic samwuxarod aRmovCndiT, mere is

qarTul literaturasac gaukvalavs

gzas did saerTaSoriso asparezze,

Teatrsac da Rvinosac. evroorTq-

mavlis funqciis Sesruleba, yvelaze

swrafad, rasakvirvelia fexburTs

SeeZlo, magram qarTveli fexburTe-

lebi iseTi Senelebulebi aRmoCndnen,

rom maTi TamaSis Senelebul gameo-

rebasac ki ver axerxebs Tanamedrove

teqnika da amitom axla, Cveni mTavari

imedi qarTuli kinoa.

mTavari intriga ki, baTumis fes-

tivalze, ra Tqma unda, lars fon

trieris àntiqriste~ iyo, romelmac

yvelgan didi xmauri gamoiwvia, sadac

es filmi ukve aCvenes da im saRamos

kinoTeatri `Tbilisic~ ise iyo xal-

xiT gadaWedili, rom auditorias

filmis dawyebamde gogi gvaxariam mi-

marTa. gasuli saukunis velur oTx-

mocdaaTian wlebSi, Tavis telega-

dacemebiT, iseTi gmiruli sijiutiT

cdilobda gansxvavebuli azrisadmi

pativiscemis damkvidrebas Cvens sa-

zogadoebaSi, rom gogi gvaxarias im

mSvenieri Sesavali sityvis warmoTqma,

rasakvirvelia ar gauWirdeboda. Tu-

mca erTxel, SeiZleba gogi gvaxariac

ki Secdes da misi varaudi imasTan

dakavSirebiT, rom lars fon trieris

filmis naxvisas, daaxloebiT meTxuT-

mete wuTidan mayureblebi darbazis

datovebas daiwyebdnen (rogorc es

magaliTad kanSi moxda), baTumSi ar

gamarTlda. Cven, winaswar ukve daSi-

nebulma qarTvelebma, erTmaneTs xe-

lebi CavWideT da gamwarebuli danie-

li reJisoris bolo films bolomde,

sul bolomde vuyureT. Tqven jvari

gweriaT da erTaderTi, vinc kino-

seansi naadrevad datova, givi sixa-

ruliZe iyo, romelmac im saRamos,

mgoni isedac SemTxveviT gamoiara

darbazis misadgomebTan da pirdapir

àntiqristes~ SeefeTa. Cven ki mainc

bolomde visxediT ekranis pirispir

da Cems ukan mjdomi kote TayaiSvili

ki, mainc poulobda xumrobis Zalas

maSinac ki, roca gvegona rom daniuri

mgeli mainc naRdad SegvWamda. mgo-

ni Cveni istoriac eg aris da amitom

aRarafers vityvi avRaneli reJiso-

ris sidiq barmakis òpiumis omze~ an

fransua ozonis filmze, romelsac

`riki~ hqvia, radgan kinoze marTla

usasrulod SemiZlia saubari da wig-

nis mere, kino mgoni kacobriobis me-

ore mTavari gamogonebaa, romelsac

SegiZlia Tavi maSin Seafaro, roca

yvelaze Zalian giWirs...

p.s. am werilisTvis sul sxva saTau-

ri mqonda SerCeuli (`rogor gavxdi

ukeTesi~), magram TviTonve aradama-

jereblad meCvena Cemi gamosworeba

da Tanac aleqsandriis Suqura ga-

maxsenda, romelic baTumis yvelaze

maRali Senobis danaxvisas, albaT

sxvebsac agondebaT xolme. Tumca es

mxolod baTumSi ki ara, mgoni saqar-

TveloSic ki yvelaze maRali Senobaa

da yvelasTvis iseTive sakamaTo nage-

bobaa, rogorc iqve, gverdiT mdgomi

arqiteqturulad Zalian Wreli da

brWyviala saxli, magram es kamaTi

naklebad mainteresebs. me maintere-

sebs da minda vicode (daaxloebiT

mainc), rom odesme, momavalSi, Tu ba-

Tumis kinofestivalis monawile-stu-

mrebi, baTumisken gemiT wamovlen, ra

manZilidan dainaxaven isini Seraton-

Suqura-sastumros, radgan rogorc

erTi argentineli kaci ityoda _

viyoT realistebi da moviTxovoT

SeuZlebeli...

gagrZeleba

cxeli Sokoladi 93

gagrZeleba


qaoturi iyo sainJinro saqmec. axal

nagebobebs Zalian dabali esTetikuri

done hqondaT. modaSi Semovida `bri-

zgi~, xsnariT Selesili, primitiuli

xorkliani zedapiri. es iyo erTader-

Ti meTodi Senobebis mopirkeTebis _

aranairi qva, aranairi graniti, an sxva

dekoratiuli elementebi. maSin menaSe-

neebisTvis mTavari amocana iyo mokle

periodSi didi mogebis naxva. aravis ain-

teresebda Senobebis esTetikuri Rire-

buleba. politikuri sistema amis saSu-

alebas iZleoda. da daiwyo totaluri

mSeneblobis veluri procesi. ZiriTa-

dad mSenebloba e.w. prestiJul ubnebSi

mimdinareobda, radgan iq uZrav qonebas

meti fasi hqonda. am procesma savala-

lo Sedegi gamoiRo. dRes am dasaxle-

bebis simWidrove aRemateba gonivruls

da iq cxovreba nakleb komfortulia.

albaT male daiwyeba am qonebis sabazro

Rirebulebis dacema.

Tumca normalizacia mainc Seetyo am

veluri mSeneblobis process. is, rom

gaCnda cnobili arqiteqtorebis namuSe-

vrebi _ Tavdacvis saministro, preziden-

tis rezidencia, ukve dadebiTi movlenaa.

SeiZleba mogwondes an ar mogwondes, ma-

gram mSeneblobis xarisxi, axali masale-

bis da axali teqnologiebis gamoyeneba

zrdis arqiteqturul kulturas.

erTi Tanamedrove urbanisti ambobs,

rom mkacri regulaciebi aferxebs qa-

laqis ganviTarebas da axSobs lokalur

inovaciur procesebs. is fiqrobs, rom

maqsimaluri Tavisufleba, qaosi qmnis

swored unikalur urbanul nimuSebs,

rom kapitalizmi mainc homogenur sis-

temaze dgas. radikaluri urbanizmis-

Tvis ki mTavari disonansebis Seqmnaa. Tu

simWidrove da mravalferovneba badebs

sicocxles, is sicocxle uwesrigobiT,

disonansiT ikvebeba. is ambobs, rom xalxs

sistemaze ukeT SeuZlia siaxleebis aTvi-

seba da cvlilebebTan adaptireba, Tu es

cvlilebebi nabij-nabij xdeba. rodesac

maRalia monawileobis momenti, metia

pasuxismgeblobac. rogor SeiZleba si-

vrciTi mowyobis regulireba ise, rom

Tan bunebriv ganviTarebas ar SeuSalos

xeli, amave dros ki, urbanuli procesebi

ise marTo, rom qaosSi ar gadaizardos?

stiqiuri ganviTareba marTlac badebs

originalur da ganumeorebel formebs,

romelic qmnis egzotikas da individu-

alur saxes aZlevs ama Tu im dasaxle-

bas. roca yvelaferi mSralad da xistad

aris gawerili, iq aranairi improvizacia

aRar arsebobs da yvelaferi erTmaneTs

emsgavseba. es seni hqonda sabWoTa epo-

qis qalaqebs. axali ubnebi tyupebiviT

hgavda erTmaneTs sabWoTa kavSiris sxva-

dasxva qalaqSi. magram es qaosic unda

iyos marTvadi. saqarTvelos konstitu-

ciaSi weria, rom qveynis sivrciTi mo-

wyobis koncefcia gveqneba maSin, roca

davibrunebT afxazeTs da samaCablos. es

niSnavs, rom qveyana dResac viTardeba

stiqiuri urbanuli kanonebiT, romlis

kontrolic ubralod SeuZlebelia. ar

arsebobs aranairi generaluri ganvi-

Tarebis gegma, arc satransporto, arc

ekologiuri, cxadia _ arc urbanuli.

gadawyvetilebebi miiReba voluntaris-

tulad, impulsurad. Sesabamisad, es

gadawyvetilebebi vulgarulia da ver

Wris qalaqis problemebs.

aucilebelia ganisazRvros, qala-

quri sistemis ra elementebs SeuZliaT

sakuTari stiqiuri bunebiT Seqmnan

raRac ganumeorebeli formebi da ra

aris umarTavi, rom ar moxdes urbanu-

li katastrofa. samwuxarod, es Cven ar

viciT. aseTi urbanuli modeli Zalian

daxvewili sazogadoebis xvedria, rad-

gan es aris qalaqis marTvis xelovneba.

Cveni qalaqis administracia mxolod

msxvili qalaqmSeneblobiTi aqciebis

`gapiarebiT~ cdilobs Seqmnas STa-

beWdileba, rom qalaqi imarTeba. sina-

mdvileSi, es ase ar aris.

rogoria Tanamedrove qarTuli urba-

nuli garemo? is arqiteqtura, romelic

iqmneba, axali, originaluri formebia,

Tu ukve arsebulis gameoreba?

CvenTan Semodis urbanuli subkul-

turis yvelaze standartuli da Sablo-

nuri nimuSebi. rkina-betonis karkasi,

Semosili minis garekaniT, romelic Ti-

Tqos tovebs simsubuqis STabeWdilebas,

ireklavs garemos da aris ultraTana-

medrove. es etapi dasavleTma gasuli

saukunis 60-ian wlebSi gaiara. CvenTan

es ara stili, aramed axali teqnolo-

giaa. Zalian gvian SemoaRwia man qveyana-

Si. zogadad stili ar momwons, radgan

CemTvis es aris amerikuli arqiteqtu-

ra gadaxarSuli winaaziuri gonebiT

da gemovnebiT, romelic dRes mxolod

Tanamedrove arqiteqturis imitacias

akeTebs.

dRevandelma xelisuflebam Tu icis

sivrciTi mowyobis politikuri mniSvne-

loba?

nebismieri xelisuflebis ganuyofeli

Tvisebaa, xeli SeuSalos yvela qvemodan

momaval yvela iniciativas. rogorc ki

mosaxleoba TviTon ikisrebs am funq-

cias, xelisufleba iZulebuli iqneba,

daemorCilos am wesrigs.

qalaqi _ TviTon sazogadoeba

94 cxeli Sokoladi

gagrZeleba

arsebobs sazogadoebaSi qalaqis mar-

TvaSi monawileobis moTxovna?

samwuxarod ara. Tu gvinda, rom Zve-

li Tbilisis sistema aRvadginoT da

gvinda, qalaqs hqondes jansaRi cxo-

vreba, sabWoTa periodis mavne praqti-

ka unda daviviwyoT. qalaqis realuri

marTva iwyeba qvemodan, TviTmmarTve-

lobidan, ubnebis doneze. xalxma Tvi-

Ton unda airCios mmarTvelebi da am

TviTmmarTvelobebs hqondes damouki-

debeli finansebi, romelsac gankarga-

vs mosaxleoba. xalxma yvelaze kargad

icis, ra sWirdeba ubans, saiT unda mi-

marTon es Tanxebi _ gzebze, komunika-

ciebze, saxuravebze Tu fasadebze. es

ar unda iyos meriis gadasawyveti. dRes

yvela problemaze erTi kaci zrunavs.

meriaSi Cinovnikis erTaderTi intere-

sia, upatakos xelmZRvanelobas, ram-

deni lifti SeakeTa, vTqvaT, gldanSi.

am dros, adgilobrivi mosaxleobis

interesia, moawesrigos is garemo, sa-

dac cxovrobs. radgan kargad movlil

teritoriaze izrdeba maTi sakuTre-

bis Rirebulebac. demokratiis done

sazogadoebaSi miT ufro maRalia, rac

ufro maRalia adgilobrivi TviTmmar-

Tvelobis damoukidebloba centris-

gan. da es damoukidebloba pirvel ri-

gSi finansuri unda iyos. meria unda

zrunavdes zogad saqalaqo probleme-

bze _ wyalmomarageba, energosisteme-

bi, dasufTaveba da a.S. danarCens unda

wyvetdes adgilobrivi organo. mar-

Tvis decentralizaciiT SesaZlebeli

gaxdeba, umarTavi urbanuli procesebi

garkveul logikur CarCoSi moeqces.

rodesac dRes mTavrobas moundeba da

gzas gaakeTebs, xval moundeba da ba-

Tumis reabilitacias wamoiwyebs, mere

siRnaRs gaalamazebs, mere abasTumanSi

wava. zeg sad wava, aravin icis. xeli-

sufleba absoluturad umarTavia da

amiT, cxadia, igebs. es procesi damoki-

debulia voluntaristul gadawyveti-

lebebze da aranair gegmas ar mihyve-

ba. amitom, bunebrivia, xelisuflebas

xels ar aZlevs am sferos mowesrige-

ba. es procesi qvemodan unda daiwyos

da mosaxleobam Tavad unda izrunos

sakuTar garemoze. xelisufleba amas

arasdros gaakeTebs. mTavrobas awyobs

es TamaSis wesebi.

memkvidreoba


badris saidumloebebi hqonia;

imdeni saidumloeba erTad, rom

sruliad SesaZlebeli iyo, Tavi-

si anderZis dasamali mizezebic

hqonoda, rogorc amas zelcerisa

da keis banakSi amtkiceben. maTi-

ve mtkicebiT, badrim gardacva-

lebamde sami TviT adre moawera

anderZs xeli, 2007 wlis 14 noem-

bers, niu iorkSi, pirdapir quCa-

Si gareganaTebis Suqze. es maSin

moxda, rodesac franklinis quCis

kuTxeSi mdebare restoran Nobu Next Door-Si megobrebTan erTad

sadilobda da sufra sul ramde-

nime wuTiT datova, viTomda ha-

erze gamosasvlelad da sigaretis

mosawevad.

ori mamakacis didi

megobroba

63 wlis boris berezovskim bo-

los Tavisi megobari gardacva-

lebamde 4 saaTiT adre naxa. dRe

erTad gaatares. badris advoka-

tis, britaneTis yofili genera-

luri prokuroris, lord piter

goldsmitis ofisSi Sexvedras

Sexvedraze marTavdnen. saRamos

Svid saaTamde erTad molxenac

cxeli Sokoladi 95

gagrZeleba

moskovSi, kontrolis mecnierebaTa

prestiJul institutSi muSaobda.

badri sainJinro fakultetze swa-

vlobda da Tbilisis sabWoTa saa-

vtomobilo qarxana àvtovazSi~ mu-

Saobda. 1989 wels berezovskim da

misma samma megobarma gadanaxuli

Tanxa Seagroves da 12 aTasi dola-

riT kompania `logovazi~ daafuZ-

nes _ firma, romelic berezovskis

biznesimperiis saZirkveli gaxda.

`logovazma~ pirveli didi moge-

ba dasavleT germaniidan naxmari

avtomobilebis SemoyvaniT moita-

na, rac maSin sakmaod sarfian saq-

med iTvleboda. ukve 1993 wels ki,

`logovazSi~ badris misvlidan ori

wlis Tavze, CaxlarTuli finansu-

ri manevrebis Sedegad berezovski

da patarkaciSvili àvtovazsac~

daepatronen.

Semdegi Svidi wlis ganmavlo-

baSi, mTavrobis mier gamocxade-

buli privatizaciis periodSi,

auqcionebis saSualebiT, orma

megobarma moipova kontroli ua-

mrav saxelmwifo kompaniaze. maT

Soris iyo: nacionaluri aviaxaze-

bi àerofloti~, ruseTis wamyva-

ni satelevizio arxi òerte~ da

sagamomcemlo saxli `komersanti~.

roman abramoviCTan erTad isini

daepatronen navTobisa da gazis

kompania `sibneftsa~ da ruseTis

aluminis industriis udides na-

wils. bolos ki es saqmeebi gaa-

erTianes erT kompaniaSi saxelad

`rusali~. aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

berezovski da badri, ramdenime

sxva oligarqTan erTad, rogore-

bic iyvnen abramoviCi da mixeil xo-

dorkovski, ramdenimegzis miliar-

derebi gaxdnen. kapikebad Caigdes

xelSi kompaniebi. zustad ase mo-

xda `sibneftis~ SemTxvevaSic. es

kompania berezovskim, abramoviCma

da badrim `SeiZines~ sul raRac

100 milion dolarad mTavrobis

mier gamocxadebul auqcionze 1995

wels. rodesac ori wlis Semdeg

Ria bazarze `sibnefti~ Tavidan Se-

afases, aRmoCnda, rom misi fasi 5

miliardi dolari iyo.

udavo iyo, rom biznesmenebi

eniT auwerel simdidres elvis

siswrafiT agrovebdnen im dros,

rodesac ekonomika ingreoda, sa-

zogadoebis nawili ki SimSilis pi-

ras iyo misuli. kritikosTa didi

nawilisTvis isini iyvnen `banditi

kapitalistebi~, rusi xalxis xar-

jze gamdidrebuli `kleptokra-

tebi~, magram sabolood, didi po-

litikuri Zalauflebis gamo, maT

mainc termini òligarqi~ SerCaT.

boris elcinis prezidentobis

wlebSi oligarqebi ise iqceodnen,

rogorc virtualuri, Crdilova-

ni mTavroba. maTi lideri berezo-

vski iyo _ qarizmuli, politikur

TamaSebSi gawvrTnili da cbieri,

sxvebis gadabirebisa da Savbneli

intrigebis mowyobis didostati,

romelic dasneulebul da smas-

gadayolil ruseTis prezidenti-

sa da misi korumpirebuli viwro

wris finansur da politikur

svengalad iqca. rasakvirvelia,

swored berezovskis maqinaciebis

damsaxureba iyo, rom krizisis pi-

ras myofi prezidenti 1996 wlis

saprezidento arCevnebSi yvelasa-

Tvis moulodnelad mainc postze

darCa.

rusi oligarqebis aRzevebis

qronikebSi badri iSviaTad fi-

gurirebs. da roca ki misi saxe-

li sadme wamotivtivdeba, badri

moxseniebulia mxolod, rogorc

berezovskis rigiTi partniori,

romlis movaleoba iyo adreul

1990-ianebSi kriminalur bandeb-

Tan urTierTobis garkveva. sxva-

Ta Soris, swored am kriminalur

bandebs ukavSirdeba 1994 wels

im bombis afeTqebac, romelmac

mZRols Tavi moglija, berezovski

ki saavadmyofoSi ori kviris gan-

mavlobaSi iSuSebda Wrilobebs.

Tumca, rogorc berezovski

hyveba, 1995 wlidan situacia

Seicvala. rogorc ki man TiTq-

mis mTeli Tavisi yuradReba po-

litikisken mimarTa, badri ara

mxolod misi Tanasworuflebiani

partniori gaxda, aramed maTi bi-

moaswres, Semdeg ki daiSalnen da

sareiSi Tav-TavianT saxlebSi wa-

vidnen, badri 600 aTas dolarad

Sefasebuli `meibaxiT~ Sin mZRol-

ma waiyvana, berezovski ki eghamSi

40 milion dolarad Sefasebul

mamulSi gaemgzavra. mas Ramis or

saaTze daurekes. berezovski ba-

dris mamulisken dauyovnebliv

gaemarTa, magram rodesac miaRwia,

policias saxlisken misasvleli

gza ukve gadaeketa da aRar Seu-

Sves. Ramis sam saTze man lord

tim bels daureka, piaris gurusa

da margaret tetCeris saarCevno

kampaniis yofil mrCevels da ac-

noba, rom badri mokvda. roca am

sityvebs ambobda, berezovski ti-

roda.

17 wlis ganmavlobaSi dRe ar

gavidoda ise, rom maT erTmane-

Ti ar moekiTxaT. `ZmebiviT iyv-

nen~, _ ambobs martin pompaduri,

romelic orives aT welze metia,

icnobs. erTmaneTisgan radikalu-

rad gansxvavdebodnen. berezovski

_ dabali, Savi TvalebiT, radia-

ciuli energiiT _ inteleqtuali

iyo. badri _ didi da TeTrTmeba,

sqeli, stalinis stilis ulvaSiT

_ `neli da frTxili~, yovelTvis

mSvidi da pragmatuli kaci, ganvi-

Tarebuli intuiciiT. magram ise

axlos iyvnen erTmaneTTan, _ am-

bobs berezovskis erTi megobari,

_ `sayvarlebi gegoneboda~.

miuxedavad imisa, rom berezo-

vskis uzarmazari ojaxi hyavda _

coli, didi xnis sayvareli, yofi-

li coli da eqvsi Svili _ `mis-

Tvis badrize ufro axlo aravin

arsebobda, Tu ar CavTvliT deda-

miss~. èrTmaneTs dReSi 5-6-jer

urekavdnen, TiToeul wvrilmans

aTanxmebdnen, _ ixsenebs ina, _ es

iyo ori mamakacis guliTadi mego-

broba, am sityvis saukeTeso gage-

biT~.

erTmaneTi 1987 wels gaicnes, sa-

bWoTa kavSirisTvis saSinel perio-

dSi. xelfasidan xelfasamde Tavis

gataniT cxovrobdnen. maTematikur

mecnierebaTa doqtori berezovski

96 cxeli Sokoladi

gagrZeleba

znesimperiis gankargvac daiwyo.

berezovski strategiul sakiTxe-

bs agvarebda _ adgenda biznesis

gafarToebis gegmebs da muSaobda

politikuri mxardaWeris mosapo-

veblad, badri ki agvarebda yve-

lafer danarCens. is awarmoebda

finansur molaparakebebs, zrdida

Semosavlebs, awesrigebda hol-

dingis struqturas.

ra Tqma unda, badri iyo is kaci,

romelmac politikuri garantie-

biTa da proteqciiT uzrunvelyo

abramoviCis Sesvla rusuli alu-

minis industriaSi. abramoviCis

sasamarTlo dokumentebis mixed-

viT, romelTa nawyvetebic `lon-

don TaimsSi~ gamoqveynda, badrim

es saqme miliardobiT dolaris

safasurad gaakeTa. es Tanxa abra-

moviCma berezovskisa da badris

gadauxada.

2001 wels badri abramoviCs

sent-moricis aeroportSi da-

xvda da berezovskisTvis 1.3 mi-

liardi dolaris gadaxda mos-

Txova. es Tanxa dRes yvelaze

aSkarad gamoxatulma oligarqma

da britanuli safexburTo klu-

bis `Celsis~ mflobelma maSinve

gadaixada; agreTve gadaixada 585

milioni dolari, romelic badrim

mas imis sanacvlod mosTxova, rom

urTierTobas erTmaneTTan sabo-

lood gawyvetdnen. `frTxili da

gamWriaxi gonebis mqone badri mu-

dam CrdilSi idga, sazogadoebaSi

gamosaCenad win yovelTvis boriss

uSvebda, magram boriss zurgs yve-

la situaciaSi umagrebda~, _ ambo-

bs martin pompaduri.

ìs CemTvis iyo mamac, Zmac da

vaJic _ samive erTdroulad~, _

ixsenebs berezovski meifearis

erT-erTi ofisis darbazSi Cawe-

ril interviuSi. `Cven idealuri

kombinacia gvqonda. pirvel rigSi,

erTmaneTis ndobas vgulisxmob~,

_ ganagrZobs saubars da wamiT

Cerdeba, `parlament 100~-is Rers

rom moukidos _ zustad imave si-

garets, romelsac badri eweoda.

`konfliqti arasdros mogvsvlia.

arc erTxel. zustad vici, xanda-

xan raRacaSi vcdebodi da cde-

boda isic. magram mis Secdomebs

viRebdi ise, rogorc sakuTars, is

ki Cems Secdomebs iRebda sakuTa-

riviT. saocari guli hqonda. me

Zalian _ rogor giTxraT _ eqs-

tremaluri var. uamravi mteri

myavs, uamravi megobaric. magram

badri yvelas umegobrdeboda, Cem

mtrebsac ki. sakmarisi iyo badris

gacnoba da is maT maSinve ganaia-

raRebda. mis winaaRmdeg brZola-

ze uars ambobdnen~.

dRes mtrebs Soris yvelaze se-

riozuli mteri abramoviCia, ro-

melsac berezovski londonis sa-

samarTloSi uCivis da misgan 4.3

miliard dolars iTxovs. saSinlad

daZabul orTabrZolaSi, romelic

sajarod mimdinareobs (dacvis

biWebTan erTad berezovskim ferwa-

sul abramoviCs TviTon gadasca

dokumentebi sloun stritze, her-

mesis butikSi), berezovski amtki-

cebs, rom 2001 wels putinma is da

badri aiZula, sabazro fasze ga-

cilebiT iafad mieyidaT abramovi-

CisTvis sakuTari wilebi `sibneft-

sa~ da `rusalSi~, aseve òerteSi~.

abramoviCi ki braldebas uaryofs.

sarCeli berezovskim martom aR-

Zra, mas badri ar SeerTebia, magram

daTanxmda, berezovskis mowmed

dadgomoda. misi gardacvalebis Se-

mdeg ki berezovskim, badris saxiT,

mTavari mowme dakarga.

magram dakarga ufro metic.

erT-erTi megobris TqmiT, badris

sikvdilma berezovskis cxovreba

`jojoxeTad uqcia~. `badri zru-

navda borisis cxovrebaze. da

warmoidgineT _ kvdeba adamiani,

romelzec gegona, rom Sens cxo-

vrebaSi TiToeul wvrilmans agva-

rebda, magram aRmoCndeba, rom

Turme arc araferi mougvarebia~.

berezovski ambobs, rom is gaogne-

buli iyo ̀ sruli qaosiTa~ da awewi-

li saqmeebiT, rac badrim datova.

berezovskis mtkicebiT, maT yvela-

feri, mTeli qoneba orad gaiyves

_ saxlebis, manqanebis, TviTmfri-

navebisa da iaxtebis gamoklebiT.

gaiyves Tanabrad, 50/50-ze. magram

erTmaneTis mimarT absoluturi

ndobis gamo es SeTanxmeba furcel-

ze arasdros gauformebiaT. àr va-

qcevdi yuradRebas, ramdeni fuli

gvqonda erTad, sad gvqonda fuli

gadanawilebuli, anda rogor awes-

rigebda badri kontraqtebs. am saq-

meebis Sesaxeb me araferi vicodi, _

agrZelebs berezovski da brazisgan

xmas uwevs, _ da arasdros vicodi,

rom aseTi axlo urTierToba akav-

Sirebda jozef keisTan da rom mas

ase Zalian endoboda~.

gaqceuli brundeba

badris urTierToba jozef

keisTan gamocanad rCeba TiTqmis

yvelasTvis. maTi dedebi naxevar-

debi iyvnen da bavSvobis nawilic

TbilisSi erTad hqondaT gatare-

buli. kei, romlis axalgazrdobis

saxelia ioseb kakiaSvili, ojaxTan

erTad StatebSi 1970-iani wlebis

SuaxanebSi gadasaxlda da niu io-

rkSi dabinavda, sadac 1991 wlamde

cxovrobda kidec, vidre badris-

Tan xelaxla ar gaaba kontaqti.

ukve erT weliwadSi keim òer-

teSi~, moskovSi badrisTan daiwyo

muSaoba. male man kompania dato-

va, magram badris mrCevelis pos-

ti mainc SeinarCuna. xalxi am ga-

dawyvetilebam gaaoca. eWvgareSe

iyo, maT axlo urTierToba hqon-

daT _ kei yvelasTan aRniSnavda,

rom aRmerTebda badris, samagie-

rod badris wreSi ar moswondaT

is. `Zalian usiamovno kaci iyo~,

_ ixsenebs vladimir voronovi.

erTxel kolegebma hkiTxes, Tu

ratom endoboda keis ase. `bori-

sic mis winaaRmdeg iyo, yvela mis

winaaRmdeg iyo ganwyobili~, _ ix-

senebs meore megobari, magram `ba-

drim maT upasuxa, _ biWebo, SemeS-

viT, Cemi mizezebi maqvs~.

am mizezebis Sesaxeb danamdvi-

lebiT aravin araferi icis, ma-

gram aris erTi Teoria, romelic

badris yofil partniors ekuTv-

nis _ badris problemebi hqonda

cxeli Sokoladi 97

da keize TandaTan damokidebuli

amitom gaxda.

2000 wlis Sua periodamde, eqvsi

TviT adre, vidre swored badris

da berezovskis daxmarebiT gapre-

zidentdeboda, putinma oligar-

qebisTvis moicala da sastikad

gaafrTxila isini, politikisgan

Sors daeWiraT Tavi. berezovskim

gafrTxileba arad Caagdo. male

is da putini mosisxle mtrebad

iqcnen. 2000 wlis miwuruls be-

rezovski badrisTan erTad ru-

seTidan gaiqca. TviTon inglisSi

dasaxlda, sadac 2003 wels miiRo

kidec politikuri TavSesafari.

badri saqarTveloSi dabrunda.

Semdeg ambavi ise gagrZelda,

rogorc le karis romanSia: rusu-

li dazvervis samsaxurebma badris

da berezovskis biznesebs Seuties,

gadauWres dafinansebis wyaroebi,

gaaqcies investorebi. sakuTari

qonebis gadasarCenad, romelsac

oligarqebi wlebis ganmavloba-

Si isedac ofSoruli fiqtiuri

kompaniebis daxmarebiT icavdnen,

badrim axal-axali mindobilo-

bebiT namdvili rubikis kubikis

awyoba daiwyo. mxolod ase Tu

gadamalavdnen sakuTar qonebas.

man daiwyo sakuTrebis sxva ada-

mianebis saxelze gaformeba, maT

Soris iyo keic. 2001 wels, rode-

sac ruseTis mTavrobis gavleniT

ramdenime dasavlurma bankma Tqva

uari badris fulis miRebaze, man

daiwyo asobiT milioni dolaris

gadatana sabanko angariSebze,

romlebic keis saxelze iyo. dro-

Ta ganmavlobaSi, rogorc inas sa-

samarTlos dokumentebSi weria,

kei daepatrona ara mxolod fiSe-

ris kunZuls, aramed niu iorkis

mega-restoran `buda barsac~, mis

saxelze gaformda dasasvenebe-

li kompleqsebi espaneTsa da ma-

rokoSi. axla, rodesac patarka-

ciSvilis erT-erTi mrCeveli am

ambebs ixsenebs, badris Secdomad

uTvlis, rom ègona, jozefis

gakontroleba ioli iyo~.

daunsaid manorSi, erT mzian

SuadRes ukana terasaze Caweril

interviuSi ina qaliSvilebis _

lianasa da ias, sami SviliSvilis

da siZis TandaswrebiT ambobs,

rom badris sicocxleSi keis did

yuradRebas ar aqcevda. zelcers

ki meuRlis dakrZalvamde mxolod

erTxel Sexvda.

berezovski ki acxadebs, rom

zelceri erTi SexedvisTanave

icno. isini erTmaneTs pirvelad

niu iorkSi, 1994 wels Sexvdnen.

maSin berezovski zelceris daqi-

ravebazec ki fiqrobda, magram am-

bobs, rom misi kandidatura ar mo-

ewona da gadaifiqra. Tavisi azri

zelceris Sesaxeb arc badrisTvis

daumalavs, roca is daaxloebiT

erTi wlis Semdeg, amerikaSi mcxo-

vreb rusulenovan advokats eZeb-

da. berezovskis axla sjera, rom

badrim zelceri maSin masTan Seu-

Tanxmeblad daiqirava.

zelceri sabWoTa kavSirSi dai-

bada da gaizarda. StatebSi 21

wlisa gadavida, 1974 wels. samsa-

xurs samsaxurze icvlida, erTi

piroba juliardis skolaSi swa-

vlobda, vidre 1990 wels niu io-

rkSi advokatTa sakvalifikacio

gamocda Caabara. Tumca, mis Se-

saxeb dRemde dadis Worebi, rom

sauniversiteto diplomi iuris-

prudenciaSi sabWoTa kavSirSi

ar miuRia, rogorc amas TviTon

amtkicebda.

roca berezovskis pirvelad

Sexvda, zelceri Tavis yofil

klients, rusul bank ìnkombanks~

sasamarTloSi urCevda saqmes. sa-

samarTlo dokumentebis mixed-

viT, zelcerma bankis ofSoruli

angariSebidan 2 milioni dolari

moxsna da nawili Tavisi yofili

meuRlis, anas mier kontrolire-

bad angariSebze, nawili ki Tavi-

si biznes-partnioris, prokuror

aleqsandr fiSkinis angariSebze

gadaitana. zelceri uaryofda,

rom fuli ìnkombanks~ mohpara,

klients TviTon uCivla da is

iqiT daadanaSaula mewileebisa da

depozitorebis Tanxebis miTvi-

sebaSi. procesi warmatebiT das-

rulda _ ìnkombanki~ 1998 wels

sul daixura.

momdevno wels zelcerma Sta-

tebSi garkveuli avtoriteti

moipova im rolis gamo, rac man

Bank of New York-is Tavs gadaxde-

nil rusuli fulis gaTeTrebis

skandalSi Seasrula. amerikul-

ma mediam maSin zelcers Seuqmna

fulis gaTeTrebis teqnikisa da

rusuli mafiis eqspertis imiji.

mediam zelceri daxata, rogorc

axal ruseTSi korufciis wina-

aRmdeg mebrZoli samarTliani

iuristi. mas Cvenebis micema kon-

gresis winaSec mouxda. amitom

presisTvis mTavar sainformacio

wyarod iqca. Tumca, popularo-

bam didxans ar gastana. 2000 wels

`niu iork TaimsSi~ gamoqveynebul

statiaSi is mniSvnelovani doku-

mentebis gayalbebaSi daadanaSau-

les da zelceris varskvlavic

nel-nela Caqra.

rodis gaicno jozef keim zel-

ceri, ucnobia, magram 2004 wlis

bolos zelcerma da aleqs fiSkin-

ma delauerSi daaregistrires

kompania saxelad JWL Entertainment Group. rogorc patarkaciSvilis

sadavo anderZSi weria, es iyo

jozef keis kompania, romelsac

badris mTeli qoneba unda ga-

ekontrolebina. savaraudoa, rom

badrim es winaswar icoda, amitom

xsenebuli kompania arasdros ux-

senebia Tavis uaxloes biznes-mr-

CevelebTanac ki.

ori wlis Semdeg, rogorc fiSki-

ni hyveba, anu 2006 wlis 14 dekem-

bers, niu iorkis sastumroSi Man-darin Oriental badrim xeli moawera

mindobilobis werilsac, riTac

zelceri aRWurva sruli uflebiT,

ekontrolebina patarkaciSvilis

saqmeebi misi sikvdilis Semdegac

ki. am uflebas badri oficialurad

aniWebda maincdamainc zelcers,

roca paralelurad daqiravebuli

hyavda umaRlesi klasis amerikeli

da ingliseli iuristebi. dokumen-

ti notariulad fiSkinma daamowma,

gagrZeleba

98 cxeli Sokoladi

romelmac 11 Tvis Semdeg notariu-

lad gaaforma ukve misi anderZi.

man iseve, rogorc emanuel zel-

cerma da jozef keim am publika-

ciisTvis komentaris gakeTebaze

uari ganacxades.

2006 wlis bolos, ruseTidan

gamoqcevis xuTi wlis Tavze ba-

dri saqarTveloSi didi gavle-

nisa da Zalauflebis mqone saq-

mosani gaxda. man daafinansa 2003

wlis `vardebis revolucia~, ro-

melmac mixeil saakaSvils pre-

zidentoba gaunaRda. imave wels,

vidre saakaSvliT ganixibleboda

da daaskvnida, rom misi marTvis

stili sul ufro metad avtori-

taruli xdeboda, badrim daafuZ-

na telekompania ìmedi~, romelic

gaxda mTavrobisgan damoukide-

beli erTaderTi axali ambebis

mauwyebeli kompania. man nel-nela

daiwyo putinTan urTierTobis

aRdgenac da arxebis gakvalva da-

savleTSic, ris gamoc, bina in-

glisSi daido. sakuTari biznesis

prestiJis gazrda da amerikeli

da evropeli investorebis mozid-

vac Zalian surda. amitom ambobs

erT-erTi misi mrCeveli dRes,

rom badri imxanad `sakuTari imi-

jis aRdgeniT~ iyo dakavebuli.

rCeboda mxolod erTi winaRo-

ba _ berezovski. gaqcevis Semdeg

berezovski putinis yvelaze xma-

lamoRebuli kritikosi gaxda, ris

gamoc, ara mxolod putinis mtro-

ba daimsaxura, aramed _ gayalbe-

bisa da fulis gaflangvis ofi-

cialuri braldebac, risTvisac

masze saerTaSoriso Zebna gamo-

cxadda.

berezovskis am politikur Ta-

vgadasavlebs badri enTuziazmis

gareSe, magram mainc uZlebda. 2006

wels ki, rodesac berezovskim

rusebs SeiaraRebuli revolu-

ciis dawyebisken sajarod mouwo-

da, misi problemebi `badrisTvis

didi finansuri dartyma iyo~, _

ambobs patarkaciSvilis erT-erTi

mTavari biznes-mrCeveli irakli

ruxaZe, romelic `selford kapi-

talis~ direqtoria, anu im kom-

paniis, romelic badris mraval

investicias akontrolebda. `be-

rezovskisTan kavSiris gamo, mas

ekonomikuri saqmianobisTvis mso-

flios mraval qveyanaSi Seekra

xel-fexi. sabanko angariSebsac

ver xsnida. arada, biznesis keTeba

dasavleT evropaSi da kidev bevr

sxva adgilas surda. mjera, rom

is amiT ar iTrguneboda, badri ar

fiqrobda. rom es iyo mZime jvari,

romelic mTeli darCenili cxo-

vreba unda etarebina~.

imave wlis TebervalSi, badrim

da berezovskim sajarod ganacxa-

des, rom finansurad maTi gzebi

iyreboda. gegma aseTi iyo, badri

gamoisyidda saerTo biznesidan

berezovskis wils da sami wlis

ganmavlobaSi sistematurad ga-

dauxdida mas garkveul Tanxas.

miuxedavad amisa, badris erT-

erTi mrCeveli varaudobs, rom am

nabijiT badrim, SesaZloa, bere-

zovskis `reaqtiuli~ gavlenisgan

Tavis gaTavisufleba scada. Tum-

ca, bolomde es mainc ver SeZlo.

inas TqmiT, 2007 wlis Semodgoma-

ze swored berezovski iyo is ada-

miani, vinc badrize gavlena moa-

xdina da daarwmuna, saprezidento

arCevnebSi mieRo monawileoba.

arada, piradad inasa da ojaxis

megobrebis azriT, es gadawyveti-

leba damRupveli iyo.

àr minda, gamoviyeno sityva

`Zaldataneba~, _ ambobs berezo-

vskisa da badris erTi saerTo me-

gobari, _ magram borisma uTxra,

`mismine, badri, es Seni qveyanaa.

rogor SegiZlia uyuro (ra dReSi

hyavs Cagdebuli saakaSvils) Seni

samSoblo? raRac gagebiT, boris-

ma sul odnav waaqeza badri~, _ ix-

senebs megobari da imasac dasZens,

rom berezovskisTvis badris ga-

prezidentebis perspeqtiva Zalian

`momxibvleli~ iyo. berezovski

axal dasayrdens eZebda `ruseTis

mTavrobis winaaRmdeg brZolis-

Tvis~. badrimac irwmuna, rom ase

sjobda. ina Seecada, qmris gada-

wyvetilebaze emoqmeda. ìs biz-

nesmeni iyo, politikosi ki ara,

amisTvis is jer mzad ar iyo~, _

ambobs ina.

badri yoymanobda. Tan cdunebas

ver uZlebda, Tan eSinoda. imave

seqtemberSi saqarTvelos yofilma

Tavdacvis ministrma satelevizio

interviuSi ganacxada, rom saakaS-

vilma mas badris mokvla ubrZana.

saakaSvili amtkicebda, rom minis-

tri tyuoda, magram TviT berezo-

vskic ki _ romelic dRes uaryofs,

rom badri politikaSi TviTon Sei-

tyua da amtkicebs, rom es misi pi-

radi gadawyvetileba iyo _ ambobs,

rom badris usafrTxoeba imxanad

marTlac Zalian adardebda. amitom

misi dacvis gaZlierebazec izruna.

erTxans badris 120 profesionali

icavda. magram 2007 wlis noember-

Si berezovskim megobari saqarTve-

losken mainc gamoistumra. `Tu sa-

mSobloSi ar dabrundeboda, yvela

ifiqrebda, rom badris eSinia, _ am-

bobs berezovski, _ mas ki wasvla ar

undoda, amitom vuTxari, `badri,

unda waxvide. isic adga, imitom,

rom ukve gasvlas apirebda da mi-

Txra, `boris, uCemod ras izamdi~?

2 noembers badri TbilisSi mra-

valricxovani momitingeebis winaSe

gamovida da sityviT mimarTa maT.

rom ara es gamosvla, misma vizitma

saqarTveloSi SeumCnevlad Caiara.

Tumca, misi wasvlidan ramdenime

dReSi, 7 noembers qveyanaSi Zala-

dobiT savse antisamTavrobo am-

boxi daiwyo. im Rames, rodesac

ìmedis~ wamyvani pirdapir eTerSi

ijda, Senoba policielebma aiRes.

ori dRis Semdeg saqarTvelos ge-

neralurma prokurorma ganacxada,

rom badri mTavrobis damxobis geg-

mis SemuSavebaSi iyo eWvmitanili.

anderZi

erTi kviris Semdeg, rogorc

zelceri da misi kolegebi ambo-

ben, badrim anderZs moawera xeli.

aravin uaryofs, rom 14 noembers

badri marTlac iyo niu iorkSi.

wasvla amerikaSi 14-Si dilas ga-

gagrZeleba

cxeli Sokoladi 99

dawyvita. ramdenime mrCevelTan

erTad londonidan berezovskis

kuTvnili Bombardier Global Express TviTmfrinaviT naSuadRevs ga-

frinda. berezovskis TviTmfri-

navi imitom airCia, rom is misaze

swrafi iyo. rogorc zelceris

32 wlis mdivani, vladlena fanki

hyveba, TviTmfrinavis afrenidan

ramdenime wuTSi mas zelcerma

daureka da sTxova, badris Sexve-

droda. `Zalian swrafad miRebu-

li gadawyvetileba Canda. badrim

emanuels 14-Si daureka da uTxra,

`mzad var~, _ ambobs fanki da

dasZens, rom badris zelcerisTvis

ukve hqonda gagzavnili anderZis

ramdenime egzemplari. fanki ixse-

nebs: `badri SeSinebuli Canda~. mas

Tavisi ori ojaxis bedic adarde-

bda. surda, òrive coli uzrun-

velyofili daetovebina~. kei ki

Tavisi anderZis aRmsruleblad

nawilobriv imitomac airCia, rom

eSinoda, ina mis meore cols me-

mkvidreobidan arafers argunebda.

ès yvelaferi badris surda ase.

ar undoda, vinmes rame gaego~, _

ambobs fanki. misi TqmiT, anderZs

xeli badrim naCqarevad moawera.

es daaxloebiT saRamos 11 saaTze

moxda, Nobu Next Door-Si gamarTu-

li sadilis paralelurad. fanki

erT-erTi oficialur mowmeTagani

iyo. `badri megobrulad meqceoda.

miTxra, rom gaexarda Cemi naxva da

mogvibodiSa, rom restoranSi ver

SegvipatiJebda~.

rodesac badris gardacvalebis

dReebs ixsenebs, ina ambobs, rom

yvelaferi Zalian swrafad moxda.

24 saaTic ar iyo gasuli, rom jo-

zef keim badris ramdenime fondi-

dan 12.8 milioni dolari moxsna.

erT kviraSi ìmeds~ daepatrona.

paralelurad, saqarTvelos xe-

lisuflebam gaxsna arxis gayinu-

li angariSebi da keisac ìmedis~

amoqmedebis Sansic mieca. amaso-

baSi berezovskic gamoCnda, rome-

lic inasgan moiTxovda, moewera

xeli dokumentebze da eRiarebi-

na, rom berezovski flobda ba-

dris qonebis naxevars. jer kidev

SokSi myofma, xeli dokumentebs

marTlac moawera. igive gaakeTes

badris qaliSvilebmac. advokatma

qaRaldebi maT pirdapir saojaxo

TviTmfrinavis bortze gadasca,

afrenamde ramdenime wuTiT adre,

roca deda da Svilebi TbilisSi

badris dasakrZalad mifrinavdnen.

sajarod gamocxadebuli finan-

suri gayridan ori wlis Semdeg

berezovski axla amtkicebda, rom

`gayra~ mxolod erTgvari triuki

iyo, raTa rogorme mas da badris

TavianTi biznesi rusuli sada-

zvervo samsaxurisgan daefaraT.

axla berezovski acxadebda, rom

sinamdvileSi araferi Secvlila,

is da badri qonebis isev saerTo

mepatroneebi iyvnen.

Tumca, simarTlis damtkicebaSi

xels ori problema uSlida. pir-

veli iyo is, rom badrisTan aras-

dros gauformebia kontraqti,

amitom dokumentebiT sakuTar si-

marTles ver daadasturebda; me-

ore problema ki badris anderZi

iyo, romlis mixedviTac, qonebis

sruli ganmkargavi jozef kei xde-

boda, rogorc anderZis kanonieri

aRmasrulebeli. qonebis mTavar

beneficiarebad ki amave anderZSi

dasaxelebulni iyvnen badris ori

coli, sami Svili da ojaxis danar-

Ceni wevrebi _ yvela, berezovskis

garda. Tuki anderZi, anda rogorc

mas formalurad eZaxdnen, `survi-

lebis werili~ originali iyo, ga-

modioda, rom badrim Tavis Zvel

biznespartniorsa da uaxloes me-

gobars araferi dautova.

berezovskis Tavidanve sjero-

da, rom anderZi `gaayalbes~. ma-

gram Tuki sakuTar simarTleSi

odnav mainc epareboda eWvi, zel-

cerTan Sexvedris Semdeg eWvebi

sul mTlad gauqra. is zelcers

misi daJinebuli da ramdenime-

gzis Txovnis Semdeg belgravia-

Si, sastumro `halkinSi~ Sexvda.

inasa da berezovskis sasamarTlo

Cvenebebis mixedviT, zelceri be-

rezovskisTan garigebis dadebas

Seecada. gegma aseTi hqonda: qone-

bas samni _ berezovski, jozef kei

da zelceri gaiyofdnen, badris

ojaxs ki 10-15 procents dauto-

vebdnen. berezovski ambobs, rom

gaocebuli darCa, roca zelceri

mogvianebiT mas da mis iuristebs

isev Sexvda da garigebis daweri-

li egzemplari miutana. `Sublis

Zafi hqonda gamwydari. arafris

rcxvenoda~, _ ambobs berezovski.

magram rogor SeiZleboda misi

SeCereba? Tu legalur gzas air-

Cevda, araferi gamovidoda, si-

tuacia isedac labirinTs hgavda

_ badri inglisSi ki cxovrobda,

magram saqarTvelos moqalaqe iyo,

ris gamoc mis qonebaze saqarTve-

los iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda.

Tuki, damtkicdeboda, rom misi

anderZi marTlac yalbi iyo, ma-

Sin saqmeSi Semodioda amerikuli

iurisdiqciis sakiTxic, radgan

anderZi manhetenze gaformda. be-

rezovski ambobs, `mivxvdi, rom Tu

am gzas gavyvebodi, saqme wlebis

ganmavlobaSi gaiweleboda~.

naSuaRamevs minskSi

konkretulad ra dros daukav-

Sirdnen saWiro adamianebs bela-

rusSi berezovskis warmomadgen-

lebi, ucnobia. Tumca, arsebobs

foto, romelzec Cans minskis ae-

roportSi daSvebuli berezovskis

piradi TviTmfrinavi 2008 wlis 27

Tebervals _ emanuel zelcerisa

da vladlena fankis gauCinareba-

mde ori kviriT adre. berezovski

ambobs, rom man ubralod acnoba

belarusSi Tavis xalxs, rom male

minskSi Cavidoda kaci, romelic

Seecdeboda, daemtkicebina, rom

`Cveni qonebis gankargvis sruli

ufleba~ hqonda.

3 marts, berezovskis erT-erTma

advokatma, romelic imavdrou-

lad inasTvisac muSaobda, inas

saxeliT belarusis generalur

prokurors miswera werili, ro-

melSic amtkicebda, rom, rogorc

Cans, zelceri da kei àpireben,

ganaxorcielon winaswar dageg-

gagrZeleba

100 cxeli Sokoladi

mili mcdeloba da, gayalbebu-

li dokumentaciis gamoyenebiT,

moipovon arakanonieri da dauS-

vebeli gavlena patarkaciSvilis

qonebaze msoflios sxvadasxva

kuTxeSi~. paralelurad, berezo-

vskim zelcers acnoba, rom badri

belarusSi mniSvnelovan qonebas

flobda da Tuki anderZi marTali

iyo, zelceri belarusSi unda Ca-

suliyo da Tavisi klientis qoneba

iqac moeZia.

faqti, romelzec aravin davo-

bs, gaxlavT is, rom 2008 wlis 11

martis saRamos, berezovski zel-

cerTan da fankTan erTad sakuTar

londonur ofisTan axlos, res-

toran Nobu-Si sadilobda. faqtia

isic, rom imave Rames, 1 saaTze

berezovskis piradi TviTmfrinavi

minskSi dafrinda, bortze ki zel-

ceri da fanki imyofebodnen. isini

daapatimres da mogvianebiT indus-

triul SpionaJsa da gayalbebaSi

dasdes brali. daxurul sasamar-

Tloze braldeba orives daumtki-

ces. zelcers sami wliT, fanks ki

erTi wliT Tavisuflebis aRkve-

Ta miusajes. oriveni `kgb~-s mier

kontrolirebad Sroma-gasworebiT

koloniaSi Casves. fanki SarSan

martSi gaaTavisufles, zelcers

ki patimrobis vada Seukveces da

30 ivniss isic gamouSves mas Sem-

deg, rac gavrcelda cnoba, rom

zelceri Zlier avad iyo da misi

gaTavisuflebis procesSi amerikis

mTavroba CaerTo.

yvela mxare Tanxmdeba imazec,

rom berezovskim Cveneba misca

saidumlo sasamarTlo procesze,

romelic 2008 wlis agvistoSi

gaimarTa. process eswreboda be-

larusis prezidentis, aleqsandr

lukaSenkos mTavari mrCeveli da

berezovskis Zveli nacnobi. bere-

zovskis TqmiT, isic simarTles Se-

esabameba, rom man zelceri cixeSi

moinaxula. `misi iZuleba mindoda,

iqneb, rogorme simarTle eTqva, _

ixsenebs berezovski, _ ase yvela-

feri gacilebiT ufro gamartiv-

deboda, magram arafriT ar qna~.

mTel am saqmeSi sakiTxi, rome-

lic azrTa sxvadasxvaobas iwve-

vs, Semdegia: gafrindnen Tu ara

zelceri da fanki belarusSi

sakuTari surviliT. zelceri da

fanki amtkiceben, rom isini Za-

liT miaTries asafren bilikamde

da ZaliT Casves TviTmfrinavSi

_ braldeba, romelsac berezo-

vski uaryofs. fankis versiiT ki,

berezovskisTan sadilis Semdeg

Soriaxlo kafeSi yavis dasale-

vad Sevidnen. kafes saxeli fanks

ar axsovs, magram kargad axsovs,

rogor adga sufridan berezovski

ramdenime wuTiT da rogor da-

brunda ukan yavis ori sasmeliT

_ erTi fankisTvis iyo, meore _

zelcerisTvis. `axla vxvdebi, rom

SeiZleba Nobu-Si sadilis bralic

yofiliyo, magram rogorc ki ra-

mdenime ylupi kapuCino movsvi,

uceb garSemo yvelaferi gabundo-

vanda. laparaki sul ufro Sori-

dan Camesmoda, ucnauri xmebi mes-

moda. Tavs ise vgrZnobdi, TiTqos

wami-wamze goneba unda damekarga.

Semdeg aRaraferi maxsovs. maxso-

vs mxolod, rogor gavaxile Tva-

li TviTmfrinavSi. darwmunebuli

var, rom raRac Camiyares an kerZ-

Si, an sasmelSi, anda yavaSi~.

berezovski amtkicebs, fankis

versia sruli sicrueao. is amtki-

cebs, rom `yava saerTod ar yofi-

la~ da rom fanki da zelceri lu-

tonis aeroportisken, romelic

londonidan 30 milis manZilze

mdebareobs, sadilis damTavre-

bisTanave naCqarevad sakuTari

surviliT gaemarTnen. is adas-

turebs imas, rom minskSi zelce-

ri da fanki misi TviTmfrinaviT

Cavidnen, magram amtkicebs, rom

bortze ara Zaldatanebis, aramed

sakuTari sixarbis gamo sruliad

gaazrebulad avidnen. `rogor

warmogidgeniaT, rogor gaivlid-

nen pasportebis Semowmebis pro-

cess aeroportSi? anda, rogor

ar miiqcevdnen profesionali pi-

lotebis yuradRebas? kargiT, ra,

gamofxizldiT~.

ukve gviani saRamoa. Tu ar Ca-

vTvliT derefnis bolos mdgar

berezovskis dacvis biWebs, ofis-

Si martoni varT. kidev erT Rer

`parlaments~ ukidebs, mere ki

sanTebelas uxeSad agdebs magi-

daze Cven Soris. aSkarad etyoba,

gabrazebulia. meubneba, _ `mismi-

ne. rTuli cxovreba maqvs. uamrav

binZur adamianTan mqonia saqme,

magram aseTi ram arasdros mina-

xavs~. berezovski ambobs, rom misi

iuristebis mier Catarebuli gamo-

Ziebis Semdeg is darwmunebulia,

rom badris anderZi SeTiTxnes im

adamianebma, romlebic Zalian `da-

xvewili meTodebiT muSaoben da

rTulia, maT tradiciuli lega-

luri saSualebebiT ebrZolo~.

anderZis siyalbis dadgenas be-

rezovski axla londonis sasa-

marTloSi cdilobs. ra gamova am

saqmidan, ucnobia, magram ander-

Zis auTenturobasTan dakavSire-

biT kiTxvebi marTla arsebobs.

daviwyoT imiT, rom originali

aravis unaxavs. sasamarTlo doku-

mentaciis mixedviT, zelcerma

warmoadgina mxolod anderZis

asli, romelsac sakuTar leptop-

Si inaxavda. vladlena fanki am-

bobs, rom ar aris gamoricxuli,

zelcers originali Tan hqonoda,

saqaRaldeSi im RamiT, rodesac

orni belarusSi gaitaces. magram

es versia ewinaaRmdegeba Tavad

zelceris gancxadebas. dapatimre-

bidan ramdenime xanSi zelcerma

minskSi amerikis konsuls uTxra,

rom is cixeSi sastikad scemes da

londonis sastumroSi daareki-

nes, raTa mis nomerSi datovebuli

yvela dokumenti berezovskisTvis

gadaecaT.

bundovanebiT arian moculi

mowmeebi, romlebic patarkaciS-

vilis mier ori dokumentis _

anderZisa da e.w. `aRmasrule-

blis saqmianobis~ _ xelmoweris

process daeswrnen 2007 wlis 14

noembers. xelmowerebis garCeva

TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, magram, ro-

gorc Cans, dokumentebs xeli sam-

gagrZeleba

cxeli Sokoladi 101

ma sxvadasxva adamianma moawera.

anderZis notariusis aleqs fiSki-

nis werilobiT CvenebaSi ki aRniS-

nulia, rom anderZis gaformebas

mxolod ori mowme hyavda _ vlad-

lena fanki da zlata stepanenko.

stepanenkos vinaoba daudge-

nelia. 2008 wlis Tebervlis da-

sawyisSi ki, badris gardacvale-

bamde cota xniT adre texasSi

gamarTul sasamarTlo procesze

zelcerma erT-erT mowmed zus-

tad am saxelisa da gvaris qali

warmoadgina. im procesze zelce-

ris klientebs qurdoba da doku-

mentebis gayalbeba edebodaT

bralad. davaSi CarTuli iyo na-

vTobisa da gazis kompania, romlis

mflobelic rusi biznesmeni iyo.

stepanenkom sakuTar CvenebaSi

aRniSna, rom mTavari dokumentis

xelmowera mis Tvalwin moxda, Tu-

mca mosamarTlem es Cveneba `ara-

sarwmunod~ miiCnia. sasamarTlo

procesze erT-erT mowmed dacvis

sasargeblod gamovida vinme `lena

founkic~, romlis gvaric fankis

rusuli varianti gaxlavT. imave

procesze kaligrafiis eqspertma

daaskvna, rom `sasamarTloze war-

modgenili uamravi dokumenti ar

iyo auTenturi~ da rom `Stampebi,

xelmowerebi da korporatiuli

beWdebi~ fotoaslebi gaxldaT.

kidev ufro meti idumalebiTaa

moculi jozef keis 27 wlis vaJis,

devid keis ambavi, romelzec am-

boben, rom 14 noembers, restoran

Nobu Next Door-Si imyofeboda. de-

vid keim CvenTan saubari ar ineba,

magram danarCenebi adastureben,

rom im RamiT is marTlac iq iyo

_ fiSkinic, fankic da vladimir

voronovic, romelic aseve eswre-

boda wveulebas. fanki amtkicebs,

rom rodesac im saRamos, sadilis

dasasruls, restoranSi devidi

Sevida, es badrisTvis iyo niSani,

rom gareT gasuliyo da xeli an-

derZze pirdapir quCaSi moewera.

fankis mtkicebiT, es `daaxloebiT

11 saaTze~ moxda.

Tumca, voronovs sxvagvari ver-

sia aqvs. is ambobs, rom kei, marTa-

lia, mivida, magram restoranSi ar

Sesula. `Cven mas quCaSi SevxvdiT.

es kargad maxsovs, radgan badrim

manamde gviTxra, _ devidic movao,

_ da is ki ar movida~. voronovis

versiiT, ukve Ramis pirveli saaTi

sruldeboda, anu ukve dawyebuli

iyo savaraudod anderZis xelmo-

weridan meore dRe _ 15 noembe-

ri _ `roca restornidan quCaSi

gamovediT. devidi iq iyo. man ba-

dri gadakocna da dialogi, Tu ar

vcdebi, qarTulad gaabes. Tumca,

didad arc vusmendi, ise ki, maTgan

2-3 iardze ufro Sors ar vmdgar-

var~. Semdeg voronovi da badri

manqanaSi Casxdnen da sastumro St. Regis-isken gaswies. voronovi am-

bobs, rom vidre kei iq iyo, badris

Tanameinaxeebi wamiTac ar dauto-

vebia, xeli arafrisTvis mouweria

da arc devid keisgan miuRia rame.

Tumca, Tuki davuSvebT, rom

anderZi yalbia, rodis unda ga-

eyalbebinaT is? inas mrCeveli

irakli ruxaZe eWvobs, rom es ba-

dris gardacvalebis Semdeg moxda,

sul ramdenime dRis ganmavlo-

baSi. zelcerma badris anderZi

sakuTar leptopSi Seqmna. Tumca,

inas sasamarTlo dokumentaciis

mixedviT, sami saidumlo danar-

Ti, romlebic anderZs Tan unda

xleboda, zelcers ar gamouCenia.

am danarTebidan ori _ badris

nusxebi qonebisa da valis Sesa-

xeb dRemde aravis unaxavs. mesame

ki _ badris memkvidreebis nusxa

mxolod misi gardacvalebidan 11

Tvis Semdeg wamotivtivda, rode-

sac Tbilisis sasamarTlos aleqs

fiSkinma warudgina zelceris Zmis,

markis notariulad damowmebuli

werilobiTi Cveneba, romelSic is

amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli danar-

Ti man SemTxveviT ipova florida-

ze, sakuTar saxlSi, rodesac stu-

mrebisTvis gankuTvnil saZinebel

oTaxs alagebda. mark zelcerma,

saerTaSoriso masStabiT aRiare-

bulma pianistma uari ganacxada am

aRmoCenis Sesaxeb komentari gaeke-

Tebina. man aseve uari ganacxada,

esaubra CvenTan niu iorkis uzena-

es sasamarTloSi ivlisSi Setanili

saCivris Sesaxeb, romelic ekuTv-

noda fonds, romlis umsxvilesi

sponsori badri iyo da romlis

warmomadgenlebic amtkicebdnen,

rom badris gardacvalebidan oTx

TveSi mark zelcerma sabanko anga-

riSidan moxsna fondis kuTvnili

4.3 milioni dolari.

`borisis megobari

arasdros vyofilvar~

berezovskis msgavsad, ina guda-

vaZec darwmunebulia, rom ander-

Zi gayalbda. Tumca, maT am Temaze

ar usaubriaT, radgan erTmaneTs

ukve aRar elaparakebian. berezo-

vski gamwarda, rodesac badris

gardacvalebidan erTi Tvis Sem-

deg inam uari Tqva, Seesrulebina

badris piroba da qoneba berezo-

vskisTvis gaeyo. ina ambobs, rom

iuristebTan da mrCevelebTan

konsultaciebis Semdeg man moi-

pova imis mtkicebuleba, rom be-

rezovskisa da misi qmris sajaro

gancxadeba finansuri `gayris~

Sesaxeb marTali yofila da rom

badris ukve dawyebuli hqonda

Tavisi Zveli partniorisTvis Tan-

xis gadaxda. berezovskim presas

ganucxada, rom inam piroba ruse-

Tis xelisuflebis muqaris gamo

gatexa. ina ki ambobs, rom es si-

marTles bolomde ar Seefereba.

misi mtkicebiT, berezovskisTvis

qonebis gayofaze man imitom Tqva

uari, rom surda, berezovski Ta-

visi ojaxisTvis samudamod Camoe-

Sorebina.

2007 wlis dekembris miwuruls,

badris gardacvalebamde eqvsi

kviriT adre, saqarTvelos mTa-

vrobam gaavrcela faruli au-

dioCanaweri, romelSic badri

saqarTvelos mTavrobis warmo-

madgenlis moqrTamvas cdilobda.

badri misgan iTxovda saakaSvi-

lis winaaRmdeg demonstraciebis

darbevisgan policia SeeCerebina.

mTavrobam badri putCis mowyobis

gagrZeleba

102 cxeli Sokoladi

mcdelobaSi daadanaSaula. badrim

braldeba uaryo, magram misi rei-

tingi ukve dacemuli iyo. mis mi-

marT ndoba sazogadoebaSi gaqra.

`politikaSi misi moRvaweoba amiT

dasrulda~, _ ambobs axla misi yo-

fili kolega. am kraxma ki badrize

saSinlad imoqmeda. ìcoda, rom

didi Secdoma dauSva~, _ ambobs

meore megobari. èrTxel gviTxra,

TqvenTvis ara uSavs, Tu mamaTqve-

ni erTi xelmocaruli kaciao?~ _

ixsenebs badris qaliSvili ia. `sa-

Sineleba iyo, _ hyveba voronovi,

_ am incidentma badris saSineli

moraluri dartyma miayena. es

iyo bolo lursmani mis kuboSi.

im dRis mere feri aRar mosvlia,

cocxal-mkvariviT dadioda. yve-

la naxvaze sul ufro uaresad ga-

moiyureboda~.

miuxedavad imisa, rom pirvel

jerze skotland iardma badris

sikvdili `saeWvod~ miiCnia da

presaSic gavrcelda xmebi, rom

badri mokles, Semdeg britanul-

ma gamoZiebam daaskvna, rom badri

marTla gulis SeteviT gardai-

cvala. badris bevrma megobarmac

da inamac irwmuna, rom badri na-

wilobriv emsxverpla politiku-

ri marcxiT gamowveul Soksa da

stress. ai, amaSi ki ina berezo-

vskis adanaSaulebs.

`borisi namdvili politikuri

moTamaSea da badri politikaSi

swored man CaiTria. amas veras-

dros vapatieb, radgan badri amas

emsxverpla, _ ambobs ina, _ Cven

aq bednierad vcxovrobdiT. ba-

dris, ra Tqma unda, hqonda didi

saidumlo da mimalavda imas, rom

hyavda vaJi, magram amasac Seve-

guebodi, am politikur ambebs ki

_ vera~. badri berezovskis wlebis

ganmavlobaSi ar moSorebia gver-

didan da ina ambobs, rom ès misi

mxridan swori nabiji iyo. magram

Tavs valdebulad ar vTvli, mec

am gzas gavyve. aRar minda, am kac-

Tan isev rame makavSirebdes. mgo-

ni, rom Cvenma ojaxma sakmarisad

itanja marto imitom, rom masTan

axlos iyo, _ ina wamiT Cerdeba

da Semdeg agrZelebs, _ simarTle

rom giTxraT, piradad me borisis

megobari arc arasdros vyofil-

var~.

zustad es sityvebi gaumeora

man berezovskis 2008 wlis april-

Si, sastumro Lanesborough-Si, ro-

desac erTmaneTs ukanasknelad

Sexvdnen: `megobroba memkvidreo-

biT ar gadadis~. advokatis mai-

kl kotlikis TqmiT, berezovski

am sityvebma `gaanadgura~. inas

sityvebis gaxseneba berezovskis

dRemde ar siamovnebs. ès iyo

wuTi, rodesac masTan absolu-

turad yvela Zafi gavwyvite. man

kargad icoda badris da Cemi ur-

TierToba, kargad icnobda badris

da ase gadausva xazi yvelafers,

ase gayida?~

inas megobrebi amboben, rom be-

rezovskisTan kontaqtis gawyve-

tis Semdeg, is Zalian Seicvala.

Tu wlebis ganmavlobaSi is iyo

`yuradRebiani coli, romelic be-

vrs ar laparakobda~, qali, `ro-

melic ZiriTadad ukana planze

yofnas arCevda~, axla badris me-

gobrebi gancvifrebulebi uyure-

bdnen inas, romelmac darazma iu-

ristebi da finansuri mrCevlebi

da daiwyo brZola. man uCivla kei-

sa da zelcers niu iorkSi da pro-

cesi daiwyo saqarTvelos uzenaes

sasamarTloSic, sadac asaCivrebs

saapelacio sasamarTlos dadge-

nilebas imis Sesaxeb, rom anderZi

originalia. inam miznad daisaxa

ìmedis~ dabrunebac da saqar-

Tvelos xelisuflebaze gavlenis

mosaxdenad piar-kompania daiqi-

rava evrokavSirSi saqmis lobire-

bisTvis. man Tavis saqmeSi CarTo

saerTaSoriso vaWrobis Sesaxeb

gaero-s komisia. 2008 wlis za-

fxulSi man moskovSi moigo pro-

cesi, romlis Sedegadac badris

meore qorwineba anulirebulad

gamocxadda. `selford kapita-

lis~ daxmarebiT, is darwmunebu-

lia, rom aRnusxa badris qonebis

ZiriTadi nawili. magram anderZi-

sa da keis moTxovnebis gamo, inasa

da misi ojaxisTvis ramdenime mi-

liard dolarad Sefasebuli qo-

nebis udidesi nawili mainc xel-

miuwvdomeli rCeba.

ina axla berezovskisac ebrZvis,

romelmac TebervalSi londonSi

mis winaaRmdeg Seitana sarCeli.

is cdilobs, rom badris qonebis

Sesaxeb sakuTari simarTle daa-

mtkicos da vidre procesi mimdi-

nareobs, manamde inas sabanko anga-

riSebic gayinulia.

dRes daunsaid menoris mamuli

inas dagiravebuli aqvs da nasesxe-

bi fuliT cxovrobs. probleme-

bi aqvs berezovskisac. marTalia,

amtkiceben, rom SeuZlebelia, ba-

dris qonebis 50 procenti bere-

zovskis ekuTvnodes, magram inas

mrCevlebi amboben, rom badris bo-

risis garkveuli Tanxa mainc mar-

Tebda. erT-erTi versiis mixedviT,

es Tanxa 300 milion dolars aRwe-

vda. magram vinaidan jerjerobiT

anderZis Sesaxeb mimdinareobs sa-

samarTlo dava, arc am Tanxis ga-

moyeneba SeuZlia vinmes. amasobaSi

berezovskis fulic Semoaklda da

londonis sasamarTloSi colsac

eyreba. amitom iZulebuli gaxda,

qonebis nawili gaeyida. gayidul

nivTebs Soris iyo `dariusic~ _

358 milion dolarad SeZenili iax-

ta, romelic berezovskim abramo-

viCis super-iaxtis `pelorusis~

jinaze aagebina. `dariusi~ yvela

drois eqvs uZvires iaxtas Soris

erT-erTia. mas Svidi deki aqvs,

ori sacurao auzi, savarjiSo dar-

bazi, kinoTeatri da infirmari.

`dariusze~ uprecedentod didia

usafrTxoebis zomebic: samxedro

wylis saartilerio iaraRi, ro-

melsac SeuZlia navi 100 iardis

manZilze CaZiros. Èscape lunch~

kateri da akustikuri iaraRi, ro-

melsac SeuZlia Tavdamsxmels yu-

ris membrana gauxeTqos.

inam saSineli bolo 19 Tve ga-

atara. es yvelaferi `barokos

epoqis istorias~ ufro hgavda.

ambebi, rac badris sikvdils mo-

gagrZeleba

cxeli Sokoladi 103

gagrZeleba

hyva, zedmetad ucnauric ki iyo.

anderZs, romlis sandooba eWvqveS

dgas, moqmedad acxadebs sasamar-

Tlo, romelic, SesaZloa, Tavis

mxriv, politikuri gavlenis qveS

iyos; amerikel advokats amwyv-

deven `kgb~-s mier marTul cixe-

Si; miliarderi oligarqi uceb

gaWirvebis gamo qonebas hyidis;

qoneba ki TiTqos Tvalsa da xels

Sua qreba.

dRes, rodesac safondo birJa-

ze arasaxarbielod midis saqme,

qonebis nawili ki sadRac gauCi-

narda, badris erT-erTi mrCeve-

lis TqmiT, misi memkvidreoba, Se-

saZloa, ukve 2 miliard dolars

aRarc aRematebodes. rogorc

Cans, ucnauri karmuli samarTa-

li amoqmedda. Tuki zelcers da

fanks anderZi ar gauyalbebiaT,

gamova, rom usamarTlod daitan-

jnen. magram Tuki anderZi gayal-

bda, maSin, SesaZloa, berezovskis

oligarquli gagebis samarTali

arc ise Sors dgas WeSmaritebis-

gan. Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT kri-

tikosTa azrs, Tu rogor akeTeben

oligarqebi fuls _ es ZiriTadad

saSualo statistikuri rusis xar-

jze xdeba _ maSin gamodis, maTi

qonebis karga gvariani nawili maT

sulac ar ekuTvnodaT. megobre-

bi amboben, rom badris anderZi

ar dauweria, radgan gulis siRr-

meSi is mainc sabWoTa kavSiris

Svili iyo _ `homo sovietikusi~,

rogorc berezovski ambobs. anu

im sistemis produqti, sadac `ar

arsebobda mizezi anderZis dasa-

werad, radgan adamianebs araferi

gaaCndaT, rac memkvidreebisTvis

unda gadaecaT~, _ ambobs badris

erTi megobari. raRac gagebiT, am

mosazrebam logikuri wre Sekra.

ar aqvs mniSvneloba, datova ba-

drim anderZi Tu ara, rogorc

Cans, patarkaciSvilis qonebis

did nawils memkvidreebisTvis ga-

dacema ar ewera.


zogierTebi amboben, _ qalaqi na-

crisferiao. magram amas parizzec am-

boben. nacrisfer-yavisfrebSi Tbilisi

zamTris yvelaze uRimRamo dRes Tu

gadadis (Tan amaSic aris Taviseburi

silamaze _ sepiiT Sesrulebul naxats

emsgavseba). sxva dros ki kala flo-

rencias hgavs, mTawminda _ venas, vake

_ oqsfords da marcxena napiri ki...

marcxena napiri _ parizis Rive Gauche-s.aseT silamazeSi TiTqmis SeumCneve-

li xdeba saxelmwifo struqturebis

Senobebi _ parlamenti, saministroe-

bi, uzenaesi sasamarTlo. SeumCneveli

xdeba da es kargic aris, radgan 1946

wels, ruseT-saqarTvelos Soris meo-

re georgievskis traqtatis gaforme-

bis Semdeg qarTvelebma gadawyvites,

rusebis keTilganwyoba kidev ufro

`ganemtkicebinaT~ da axali parlamen-

ti, saministroebi da msgavsi dawese-

bulebebis Senobebi aaSenebines. ase

rom, saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes,

ar aqvs mniSvneloba Tbiliselia Tu

borjomeli, uxaria, rom TbilisSi

SeumCneveli rCeba es Senobebi. Tumca,

maxvili Tvali yvelafers SeamCnevs da

amitomac girCevT, TbilisSi mogzau-

robisas nu SeecdebiT imis danaxvas,

rasac im wuTas ver xedavT.

zemoT Rvinis miwisqveSa gvirabe-

bi vaxsene, hoda agixsniT, rasac vgu-

lisxmobdi. TbilisSi ganviTarebulia

miwisqveSa gvirabebis qseli, sadac

daculia kaxeTidan Camotanili Rvi-

noebi saxeobebis mixedviT. gvirabebSi

ewyoba eqskursiebi turistebisTvis

da skolis moswavleebisTvis. msur-

velebs adgilzeve SeuZliaT SeiZinon

gamofenili Rvino. am gvirabebis qsels

`miwisqveSa Tbilisi~ hqvia. `miwisqveSa

Tbilisi~ Tavis garSemo iseT glamurs

qmnis, rom meRvineobis biznesi meore

adgilzea qalaqSi ganaTlebis biznesis

Semdeg. `miwisqveSa Tbilisi~, miwisze-

da Tbilisis msgavsad, ubnebad aris

dayofili: mukuznis ubani aris Zvel

qalaqSi, winandlis _ vakeSi, xvanWkaris

_ mtkvris gaRma, atenisa _ veraze, wu-

lukiZis TeTra _ iqiT, xudadovisken

da a.S.

raxan Rvino vaxsene, aqve vityvi ku-

linariazec. TbilisSi miSlenis var-

skvlaviani 12 restorania. erT-erT

restorans `cangala da gogona~ hqvia

da swored aq Seiqmna xinklis axali,

orWipiani/kuWiani xinkali. ise, or

Wipiani/kuWiani xinklis ideis avtori

vudi aleni iyo, romelsac xinklis

Zirze meore xelisTvisac mounda

rame CasabRauWebeli. qarTuli tra-

diciuli kerZebis garda, ra Tqma

unda, Tbilisis restornebSi yvela-

ze pretenziul evropul, samxreT da

centralur amerikul da aziur ker-

Zebsac profesionali kulinarebi mo-

gimzadeben. erTi sityviT, gemrielad

alternatiuli Tbilisi

104 cxeli Sokoladi

sma-Wama TbilisSi araviTar proble-

mas ar warmoadgens.

Tbilisi erTgvari kontrastulobiT

gamoirCeva. ubnis Secvlisas giCndeba

gancda, TiTqos qveyana gamoicvale, an

kontinenti, an sulac epoqa.

metexis cixes, veris xids, qarvas-

lebs, gaSenebul riyes, `soborosa~ da

kirxes, ramdenime SedarebiT myudro

adgilis gamoklebiT, yvelafers bur-

Juaziuli keTildReobis priali gau-

dis. amas emateba erTob originaluri

muzeumebi da momajadoebeli maRa-

ziebi. Tbilisis es nawili sruliad

gansxvavdeba qalaqis Crdilo-dasav-

leT nawilisgan. didubis Tvaluwvde-

neli parki RrmaReles caTambjeneb-

Tan erTad niu-iorkis cenTral-parks

mogagonebT. ganapira ubnebSi, sadac

xalxi cota Tavis nebazea miSvebuli,

meti siWrelea. sxvaTa Soris, am yve-

lafris gamo Tbiliss zogjer budas

qandakebas adareben: spilos Zvlis

TaviT (centri), romlis garSemo ga-

napira ubnebis yvavilovani girlandaa

moTavsebuli, xolo danarCen sxeuls

faravs araCveulebrivi samoseli,

romelic weliwadis drois mixedviT

icvlis ferebs. aq vgulisxmob Tbili-

sis garemomcvel venaxebs, baRebs da

tye-parkebs. buda-Tbilisi ritualu-

ri wyalsatevis (Tbilisis zRva) win

Camomjdara da iaxt-klubis fantas-

tiuri TeTri Senobis lotosis yva-

vils Sescqeris. misi saerTo xasiaTi

da ganwyobileba nirvaniseul netare-

bas uaxlovdeba. Tavis mxriv, didube-

RrmaRelis camde awvdili rkina-be-

toni dRemde ver modis harmoniaSi mis

mezobel voroncovTan. voroncovi _

rusTavelTan, romelic jer kidev

ver gaTavisuflda biurokratiisgan.

Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom rusTa-

veli erTgvar ekleqtizms qmnis Ta-

vis garSemo _ iwyeba meriis SenobiT,

grZeldeba saxelmwifo muzeumiT, Se-

mdeg parlamenti da sruldeba guge-

nhaimis muzeumiT. pegi Tbiliss 1962

wels estumra da ise moixibla, rom

iqamde wvril kantorebze gaqiravebu-

li meliq azariancis saxli mTlianad

Seisyida, rekonstruqcia Cautara da

qalaqs kidev erTi RirsSesaniSnaoba

Semata _ Tbilisis gugenhaimis muzeu-

mi, sadac Tavisi saxelganTqmuli ko-

leqciis nawili gamofina.

didubesa da voroncovs Soris

(adre aq dezertirebis bazari yofila)

indoelebis kvartalia. saqarTvelo

damoukideblobis miRebisTanave erT-

erT mTavar satranzito punqtad iqca

inglis-indoeTis gzaze da nel-nela

indoelebis patara savaWro saTvis-

tomo Camoyalibda. rogorc wesi, maT

saqarTveloSi didxans darCena ekrZa-

lebodaT, magram 1947 wels zogierTma

indoeT-pakistanis damoukidebloba da

konfliqti moimizeza da saqarTvelo-

Si TavSesafari iTxova. radgan indo-

elebis ZiriTad saqmianobas swored

aziuri saneleblebiTa da egzotiku-

ri xaraxuriT vaWroba warmoadgenda

(iseve, rogorc sxvadasxva ezoTeruli

`praqtikebi~), isini odiTganve dezer-

tirebis bazars etanebodnen da bine-

bsac axlomaxlo Soulobdnen. Semdeg

erTianad Seisyides dezertirebis ba-

zari, daangries da saxlebi aiSenes, sa-

xlebis win ki patara fardulebi. ase

rom, axla aq induri bazari-kvartalia.

ase warmoiSva Tbilisis sul raRac

1,5-2-aTasiani induri kolonia, rome-

lic mTlianad erT patara kvartalSi

Tavsdeba. danarCen qalaqSi indoels

iSviaTad Tu mohkravT Tvals, magram

dezertirebis bazris midamoebs maT

sruliad gansakuTrebuli elferi

SesZines. saTvistomos kulturuli

cxovrebis fokusad iqca bolivudis

despani _ kinoTeatri `aiSvaria~ (si-

mdidre, baraqa) elisabedis da vagzlis

quCebis kuTxeSi, borjomis quCis mo-

pirdapired. swored `aiSvarias~ bnel,

mistiur darbazebSi, sadac amoucnobi

surnelebis Taiguli ifrqveoda, ezia-

ra qarTveli xalxi Soreuli qveynis

mgznebare, temperamentul xelovnebas.

ganurCevlad imisa, Woportis pamido-

ri Camohqonda kacs qalaqSi, Tu TuSu-

ri gudis yveli, mTeli dRe marto imas

natrobda, dRis bolos rogor gaivli-

da am or nabijs, SeaRebda kinoTeatris

kars, muyaiTi SromiT naSovn sam abazs

gadaixdida bileTSi, kidev erTxel ro-

gor gaocdeboda, _ es ujiSo xalxi ra

sasacilod bJuturobs erTmaneTSi da

am dros ra kai kinos iRebso, _ mokala-

Tdeboda gaZvaltyavebul savarZelSi

da naxavda... cxovrebas - naRds, mCqe-

fares, gulwrfelsa da Seucdomels!

samamulo filmebiT gaTangul indoe-

lebs ki xan qarTul restornebSi ga-

daawydebiT, xanac bordelebSi. es ori

rame magrad uyvarT aqaur indoelebs.

bordelebis raodenobiT Tbilisi

erT-erT pirvel adgilzea dasavleT

aziasa da aRmosavleT evropaSi. jer

kidev manamde, vidre burJuaziuli

farisevloba bordelebs paradoq-

sul `respeqtabelobasac~ ki aniWebda

(radgan TviT maT arsebobis faqts ver

usworebda Tvals), isini voroncovis

midamoebSi iyo Tavmoyrili (dRes ukve

yvelgan gvxvdeba). sastumro `lon-

donisa~ da `grand-otelis~ salone-

bs yvelaze elitaruli kurtizane-

bi amkobdnen, xidis gadaRma ki ufro

demokratiuli `dawesebulebebi~ iyo

ganlagebuli. xolo CuRureTis bor-

cvebze mimofantul `yavaxanebis~ man-

sardebs nebismieri biujeti swvdeboda.

ufro egzotikuri moTxovnilebebis

dasakmayofileblad darsiWalaSi, e.w.

`kintourvilSi~ dadiodnen indoele-

bic da yvelani. magram 1950-60-iani

wlebis seqsualuri revoluciis Sem-

deg yvelafers Tavisi saxeli daerqva,

da CuRureTis respeqtabelur imijTan

msgavsi ram SeuTavsebeli aRmoCnda. am

droidan Cveulebrivi adiulteri yve-

la Cveulebrivi sastumros Semosavlis

erT-erT mTavar wyarod iqca, xolo

`mdabio~ prostituciam jer mokle

xniT pirdapir kaxeTis gzatkecil-

ze gadainacvla, SemdegSi ki evropul

yaidaze, Riad `daregulirda~: dRes

TbilisSi arsebobs specialuri quCa,

oRond, amsterdamisgan gansxvavebiT,

fanjrebSi mxolod `gogonebis~ foto-

suraTebis gamomzeurebaa daSvebuli,

da pisuarebic gareT ar dgas.

TemasTan axlos var, amitomac erT

ambavs mogiyvebiT, romelic Tavadac

ar vicodi da mxolod maSin gavige, ro-

desac Tbiliss meored, gvian zamTarSi,

Tebervlis miwuruls vewvie. qalaqis

centralur quCebze mzadeba midioda,

amontaJebdnen scenebs, ferad-fera-

di buStebiTa da lentebiT rTavdnen

gagrZeleba

cxeli Sokoladi 105

quCebs. vifiqre, Cveulebrivi, saxalxo

aRlumi unda gaimarTos-meTqi, magram

nuras ukacravad. aqamde sul megona,

rom pirveli gei-aRlumi 1979 wels

sidneiSi (avstralia) gaimarTa da Tur-

me rogor vcdebodi. TbilisSi, 1969

wlis pirvel marts maSindelma filo-

sofiis fakultetis studentma mir-

zakarim norbekovma gei-aRlumis orga-

nizeba sakuTar Tavze aiRo da swored

is iyo pirveli, vinc homoseqsualebs

xma msoflios masStabiT aRamaRlebina.

saintereso is iyo, rom Tavad norbeko-

vi heteroseqsuali iyo. wlebis Semdeg

norbekovma amis mizezi Tavis naSromSi

`me _ Cemi Zmakacis Seyvarebuli~ axsna.

aRmoCnda, rom mamamisi homoseqsuali

yofila, ris gamoc uzbekeTidan yir-

gizeTSi gadausaxlebiaT da mas Semdeg

mamamisi aRar unaxavs. sazogadoeba Ta-

vidan dabneulobiT Sexvda imas, rom

misi elitis mniSvnelovan nawils so-

domisa da gomoris codvaSi edga fexi,

amitomac pirvel gei-aRlums sakmari-

sad uaryofiTi gamoxmaureba hqonda,

rogorc sazogadoebaSi, aseve presaSi.

rac Seexeba sidneis cnobil mardi-

gras festivals, is Turme metwilad

Tbilisuri gei-aRlumis motivebiT iyo

nasazrdoebi.

amdeni ram vTqvi da sityvac ar da-

miZravs Tbilisur bohemaze, mis war-

sulze da awmyoze. arada, es erT-erTi

yvelaze mimzidveli nawilia Tbilisis

istoriidan da dRevandeli dRidan.

10-20-ian wlebSi, roca absenti yvel-

gan akrZales, axlad aRiarebuli sa-

qarTvelos mTavrobamac sxvebs mibaZa,

Tumca erTi gansxvavebiT _ TbilisSi

ar aukrZalavT. esec Wkvianuri gaTvla

iyo _ mTeli msoflios absentomane-

bi, mwerlebi, mxatvrebi, musikosebi

da ubralod SeZlebuli adamianebi

Tbiliss moawydnen. yovel- dRe axal-

axali klubebi arsdeboda, romelTac

erTi ram aerTianebdaT _ absenti: àb-

sentis moyvarul monadireTa kavSiri~,

àbsentSi CamxrCvali poetebi~, àbsen-

tis palitra~ da a.S. TbilisSi imarTe-

ba umniSvnelovanesi gamofenebi, erTi

meoreze miyolebiT Camodian Carli

Caplini, pikaso, floberi... aseTi di-

namikis da xalxmravlobis Sesabamisad,

xSiria tragediebic, Tumca es aravis

axsovs, radgan TbilisSi xelovneba

yvavis.

nikalas namuSevrebis sanaxavad Tbi-

liss msoflios saxelganTqmuli xe-

lovanebi stumrobdnen. nikalas namu-

Sevrebi did interess iwvevda aSS-Si

emigraciaSi wasul mdidar italiele-

bSi, ris gamoc sandro macolam, xelo-

vnebis nimuSebiT movaWre italielma

TbilisSi specialurad saagentoc ki

gaxsna. pikaso aRfrTovanebuli iyo ni-

kalas namuSevrebiT. mogvianebiT pika-

som Tavis memuarebSi mTeli erTi Tavi

miuZRvna nikalas da mis namuSevrebs.

nikalas damsaxurebaa, _ werda pikaso,

_ rom erT dros TbilisSi, mis saxl-

muzeumSi SemTxveviT Sevxvdi endi

uorhols, xelovans, romelTan Sexve-

drac wlebis ganmavlobaSi mindoda.

1939 wels pikasom daafinansa nikalas

saxl-muzeumis restavracia mirzaanSi.

vinaidan nikalas zusti gardacvale-

bis TariRi ar icoda, pikasom trau-

ris dRed 25 oqtomberi gamoacxada.

am dRes iyo dabadebuli TviTon da am

dRes aRniSnavda nikalas gardacvale-

bis TariRs.

1941 wels, roca oficialurad ga-

xurda meore msoflio omi, TbilisSi

erTi meoreze miyolebiT imarTeboda

literaturuli festivalebi. da erT-

erTi festivalis dros sauniversi-

teto qalaqSi oficialurad gaixsna

bukinistebis ubani, romelsac umber-

to eko da arturo peres reverte Ta-

vianT yvela `bibliofilur deteqtiv-

Si~ axseneben. aqve gadioda staJirebas

xorxe luis borxesi, cota mogvianebiT

ki _ markesi.

amave wlebSi daarsda pirveli saga-

momcemlo saxli `Txa da gigo~, rome-

lic dRemde uwevs konkurencias iseT

gigantebs, rogorebic aris `pingvini~,

`TaSeni~ da a.S. weli ar gava ise, ro-

melime qarTuli sagamomcemlo saxlis

produqtma saerTaSoriso aRiareba ar

moipovos.

albaT, kiTxulobT da kiTxva giCnde-

baT: vin gviyveba am yvelafers?

saqme isaa, rom 90-ian wlebSi Tbi-

lisSi software industry ganviTarda. Tbi-

lisSi da mTlianad saqarTveloSi ar-

sebobs, rogorc multinacionaluri

kompaniebis filialebi, ise qarTuli

patara da saSualo firmebi,romlebic

IT-parkebSi arian gaerTianebuli. IT-parkebs saerTo menejmenti aqvT, rac

mniSvnelovania gansakuTrebiT damwye-

bi kompaniebisTvis. programuli pro-

duqti rogorc adgilobriv, ise saer-

TaSoriso bazarze iyideba. magaliTad,

kompania Kukia Software Solutions-is pro-

gramebs msoflios 23 qveynis 100-ze

meti aeroporti iyenebs egreT wode-

buli slot coordination-isTvis; Minashvi-li & Cousin (minaSvili da biZaSvili)

earbasis inJinrebs awvdis produqts,

rac frTebis modelirebaSi gamoiye-

neba. adgilobriv msxvil klientebs

Soris arian satransporto kompanie-

bi (gadazidvebis optimizaciaSi dain-

teresebulni), aleqsanderdorfis

avtoqarxana, qarTveliSvilis sakons-

truqtoro biuro, Tavdacvis saminis-

tro da sxva. qveyanaSi gaxsnilia sof-tware engineering-is ramdenime koleji,

romlebic firmebTan mWidrod TanamS-

romloben. arsebobs egreT wodebuli

software competence centrebic, sadac,

erTi mxriv, biznes-klientebis Sekve-

Tebze muSaoben, meore mxriv, kvlevebi

tardeba. biznesTan mWidro TanamS-

romlobiT yovelwliurad ewyoba SE-ESEC (South-East European Software Engine-ering Conference). multinacionaluri

kompaniebis filialebidan aRsaniS-

navia Microsoft Research bazaleTSi da

Oracle-s da SAP-is filialebi duSeTSi.

saerTod, duSeTi-bazaleTis regioni

qarTul Silicon Valley-d aris cnobi-

li. evropaSi irlandiis Semdeg sa-

qarTvelo programuli produqtebis

yvelaze didi eqsportiori gaxlavT.

hoda, mec Cemi patara kompania maqvs,

magram am qalaqis gadamkide, koncen-

trirebas ver vaxden Cems biznesze. sa-

erTod, rac am qalaqSi Camovedi, sxva

araferi mikeTebia, garda Tbilisis

Seswavlisa. Cemi biznesi ki ara, 2008

wlis evropis Cempionatis finalzec

ki ar wavedi, romelic boris paiWaZis

erovnul stadionze gaimarTa. arada,

bileTi sapatio loJaSi mqonda. mego-

na, miyvarda fexburTi, magram Turme

Tbilisi ufro metad myvarebia.

gagrZeleba

106 cxeli Sokoladi


varinka wereTeli 1948 wlis 21

marts gardaicvala. dakrZalulia

sofel cxrawyaroSi, misi vaJis

gverdiT.

simRera `sulikos~ uamrav sano-

to gamocemaTagan musikis avtori

mxolod 1939 wlisazea aRniSnuli,

esec imitom, rom es sakiTxi maSin

sul axali garkveuli iyo. sxva

yvela gamocemas aweria: `teqsti

akaki wereTlisa, musika _ xalxu-

ri~. maT Soris aris 1954 wels vano

gokielis mier gundisa da forte-

pianosTvis dabeWdili notebi. aq

ucnauri is aris, rom swored es

adamiani Tavmjdomareobda sxdo-

mas, romelmac varinkas avtoroba

daadgina.

daviwyebis am mistikas eZRvneba

lia jayelis filmi `sada xar, Cemo

suliko~. reJisori detalurad

mogviTxrobs `sulikos~ istorias

da demonstraciulad aRadgens

samarTlianobas _ titrebSi xaz-

gasmulad aCvenebs warweras: `kom-

pozitori varinka wereTeli~ anu

aRadgens samarTlianobas: varinkas

uwodebs `kompozitors~, rac aqam-

de veravis dascda.

1981 wlidan, mamuka aslanikaSvi-

lis iniciativiT, varinkas mSobliur

cxrawyaroSi `varinkoba~ aRiniSneba:

imarTeba konkursi xalxuri da qa-

laquri simReris saukeTeso Semsru-

lebelTa gamosavlenad.

wels pirvelad movxvdi am zei-

mze. mowveuli stumrebi, organi-

zatorebi, Semsruleblebi, msme-

sada xar, Cemo varinka?!

nelebi erTnairad kmayofilebi

darCnen, radgan bevri kargi si-

mRera moismines da saukeTesoebic

gamoavlines. varinkac mravaljer

moixsenies, misdami udidesi siyva-

rulisa da madlierebis grZnobiT.

...magram suliko-varinkas safla-

vi, romelsac mTeli saqarTvelo

dRemde daeZebs, aravis gaxsenebia.

arada, igi sakonkurso ezodan sul

raRac 40-50 metrSi mdebareobs.

gavbrazdi! marto wavedi va-

rinkas saflavze da misi `suliko~

movasmenine _ mobilurze maqvs Ca-

werili, debi iSxnelebis Sesrule-

biT.

kidev erTxel davfiqrdi am gan-

manaTlebeli qalis tragikul be-

dze. TiTqos swored mas eZRvneba

akakis `suliko~, 12-kupletiani

leqsi, sadac sayvarlis safla-

vis saZebnelad moxetiale mgosa-

ni moulodnelad aRmoaCens, rom

satrfos suli vardis, varskvla-

vebis da bulbulis mSvenierebas

SenivTebia da gaxarebuli ambobs:

bulbuls yurs vugdeb, vards vynosav,

varskvlavs Sevyureb lxeniTa

da, rasaca vgrZnob me im dros,

ver gamomiTqvams eniTa!

isev gamexsna sicocxle,

dRemdi rom mwareT krul iyo,

axla ki vici, sada xar,

samgan gaqvs bina suliko!

gagrZeleba

gajansaRdiT, miaRwieT fizikur da sulier harmonias haTha iogis

klasikuri varjiSebis meSveobiT. ganTavisufldiT stresisgan.

mecadineobebs Caatarebs `ioga yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi~ sistemaSi

sertificirebuli instruqtori olga rameri.

sistema ioga yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi Seqmnilia yvelasaTvis

miuxedavaT asakisa da aRnagobisa.

mecadineobis xangrZlivoba 1,5 saaTi, kviraSi orjer. da

yovelTviuri gadasaxadia 80 lari.

mecadineoba Catardeba inglisur da rusul enaze.

misamarTi: SevCenkos 5 (1 klasikuri gimnaziis ukan)

gTxovT CaeweroT: [email protected]; tel.: (8 71) 047 090damatebiTi informaciisaTvis mimarTed saits: www.yogaindailylife.org.

ioga yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi

haTha ioga TbilisSi

popularuli saerTaSoriso sistema

gagrZeleba


yvelas ar axsovs austerlici, maren-

go, rivoli da piramidebi, magram aravis

daaviwydeba vaterloo. moskovSi, koqte-

belSi, berlinSi, praRasa da parizSi cxo-

vrebis griali mTavrdeba Cumi da yvelas

Semarcxveneli sikvdiliT elabugaSi.

This is the way the world ends



Not with a bang but a whimper.

ase mTavrdeba es wuTisofeli



ara grialiT, aramed slukuniT.

gamosvlidan mxolod aTi wami rCebo-

da da kosma moaswro Tqma, rom tomas

eliotis poemis „carieli adamianebis~

dasasrulis es sityvebi kongenialuria

„dasasrulis poemis~ dasasrulisa (ori

dasasruli erTmaneTs TiTqos eriTmeba):

И в полые волны

Мглы _ сгорблен и равн _

Бесследно _ безмолвно _

Как тонет корабль.

da papaianis saaTSi qviSis ukanaskneli

marcvali Camovarda.

marina cvetaevasa da, saerTod, poe-

ziis siyvarulma, romelic manamde mec-

nierebatevad (vadimis mimarT am termins

_ науко-ёмкий, romelic teqnologiebs

da, saerTod, sawarmoo sferos ganeku-

Tvneba da perestroikis epoqaSi gaa-

qtiurda, xmarobda poeti da fsiqologi

maniloviCi) iankovs arasodes gamouvle-

nia, diametrulad Secvala vadimisadmi

damokidebuleba, am mxriv cvlileba gan-

sakuTrebiT Joras daetyo. ruseTis de-

daqalaqTa saukunovani konkurenciis

miuxedavad, mTavarma piterelma miSa po-

liakovmac aRniSna, Да уж, Вадим удивил-o.

erTaderTi kaci, viszec cvetaevaze sau-

brisas vadim iankovis Tvalze momdgarma

cremlma gavlena ver moaxdina, joni laS-

qaraSvili iyo _ msaxiobia, ram gagakvir-

va, ra xarT es gurulebi, kurcxali Tu

dainaxeT, yvelafers apatiebT kacs, Sen

girCevnia is gaixseno, idioturi „sico-

cxlis paradigmis~ gavleniT udabnoSi

wyals rom ar gaZlevda da sasikvdilod

gimetebdao. magaTma solJenicinma ar

Tqva, _ zonaSi mTavari gmiroba is ki ar

aris, sufi iSovo, gmiroba isaa, es sufi

vinmes gaunawiloo? rogor amexsna urw-

muno jonisTvis, rom „dasasrulis poe-

mis~ finalis citirebisas vadimma yvelas

swored Tavisi sulis nawili gagviziara?

vadim iankovi zonidan 1986 wlis agvis-

toSi gaiyvanes da gadasaxlebaSi etapiT

gadaagzavnes. wasvlis win, banakis tra-

diciisamebr, Tavisi nivTebi daariga. me

damrCa mTeli misi biblioTeka _ asamde

wigni, maT Soris sobolevskiseuli ber-

Znuli enis saxelmZRvanelo da Cem mier

naCuqari evripides „alkestisis~ tomi mi-

nawerebiT, SeniSvnebiT da erT-erT gver-

dze evripidesTan ZvelberZnul enaze

cxare polemikiT.

dRes samocdaToTxmeti wlis vadim

iankovi moskovSi, ruseTis saxelmwifo

humanitarul universitetSi leqciebs

kiTxulobs istoriis filosofiasa da ma-

TematikaSi; Tavisi Zveli principi _ Nulla

dies cum linea daiviwya, Tumca arc kla-

sikur sine linea-s dabrunebia _ mxolod

ramdenime statia dawera da gamoaqveyna.

eqspertebi gansakuTrebiT xSirad axsene-

ben mis statias „nivTierebis agebuleba

anaqsagorasTan~. elcinis epoqaSi ruse-

Tis politikur cxovrebaSi monawileoba

scada, magram dumis arCevnebSi warmate-

bas ver miaRwia, ziuganovis komunistmac

gauswro da Jirinovskis liberal-de-

mokratmac. Cemi azriTac, ruseTis dumas

es simaRle araferSi sWirdeboda. ro-

gorc marina cvetaevas bedisweraze sau-

brisas vadimma TviTon gaixsena, ruseTSi

(mezobel qveynebSic) yovelTvis moiZeb-

neba „ufro Rirseuli kandidatura~.

vadimi

organuli da adgilobrivi

sakvebi produqtebi

misamarTi: WavWavaZis 62

(berZeniSvilis da mosaSvilis quCebis kveTa)

radio „nacnobi“ gepatiJebaT

klubSi „nacnobi“

tradiciuli qarTuli samzareulo

cocxali musika

misamarTi: abanos q. N 3

WWW.LIBERALI.GE

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