China. Review Forms of Imperialism: Colony Protectorate Sphere of Influence.
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Transcript of China. Review Forms of Imperialism: Colony Protectorate Sphere of Influence.
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China
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ReviewForms of Imperialism:
• Colony• Protectorate• Sphere of Influence
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Chinese Empires• 2800 BCE – 2200 BCE: Three Sovereigns and
the Five Emperors (mythical)• 221 BCE – 207 BCE: Qin Dynasty (First Imperial
Dynasty)• 206 BCE – 220 CE: Han Dynasty• 600 CE – 1100 CE: Tang and Song Dynasties• 1271 CE – 1368 CE: Yuan Dynasty (Kublai Khan)• 1368 CE – 1644 CE: Ming Dynasty• 1644 CE – 1911 CE: Qing Dynasty
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China Activity!Six Groups:
1. England – weapons2. France – cheese3. Russia – coal4. Chongang – silk5. Guangzhou – spices6. Mongolia – porcelain
***The goal is to become the first country to get one of each card.***
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Question 1Chinese
Name the six former republics of Yugoslavia
European
Name three countries which participated in the “Arab Spring”
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Question 2Chinese
Which prestigious university offered Will Smith a full-ride scholarship?
European
Where was Will Smith born and raised?
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Question 3Chinese
What is the airspeed velocity of an unladen swallow?
P.S. The African swallow
European
What movie is the Chinese’ question from?
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Question 4Chinese
Name four novels written by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
European
Name the novels in the Hunger Games trilogy
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Question 5Chinese
Who was the British prime minister during WWI?
European
Who was the British prime minister during WWII?
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Question 6Chinese
What is the largest city in Africa by population?
European
What is the smallest country in the world by area?
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Question 7Chinese
Name three characters from the TV show Cheers
European
Name three characters from the TV show Breaking Bad
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Question 8Chinese
What is Ke$ha’s real first name?
European
What is Lil Bow Wow’s favorite sport?
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Question 9Chinese
Who won the Olympic gold in women’s handball in London?
European
Name two female American gymnasts who won gold medals in London
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Question 10Chinese
Which former Democratic candidate for President attended Swarthmore College?
European
What is Paul Ryan’s favorite band?
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Question 11Chinese
Who is the author of The Tale of Genji?
European
Who is the author of Animal Farm?
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Question 12Chinese
Who is Mr. Cramer’s favorite hockey player?
European
Where did Mr. Cramer go to college?
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Qing Dynasty
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Qing Dynasty• Founded by the Manchu leader Nurhachi• 1644: conquered the Han-dominated Ming
Dynasty- 25 million deaths
• Ruled China until 1912
• 1756: Introduced the Canton System- Limited foreign trade to designated areas- Tightly constricted foreigners’ activities- All Chinese goods sold for silver
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Opium Wars• Beginning in the 19th-century, British traders
smuggle opium in from India to trade for silk, tea, and porcelain.
• Chinese government interferes with this trade- Arrests opium dealers- Shuts down illegal ports of trade
• 1839-42: British defeat Chinese• 1856-1860: British and French defeat Chinese
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Opium Wars: Results• China is forced to sign unequal treaties with
England, France, Russia, Germany, and Japan
• Relinquish control of Hong Kong• Open major ports to foreign trade• Pay indemnities to European citizens• Religious liberty for Christians in China• International opium trade re-opened• Extraterritoriality
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Spheres of Influence• By 1900, China is broken into different
“spheres of influence.”- Britain- Russia- France- Japan
• America and the “Open Door Policy”
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Boxer Rebellion
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Boxer Rebellion• The Society of
Righteous and Harmonious Fists
- Proto-nationalist, anti-Imperialist- Emphasis on
calisthenics and exercise
- “Spirit Possession”
- Anti-Christian
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Boxer Rebellion• 1898: European powers force the Chinese
Emperor Guangxu to reform Chinese society• 1900: Empress Cixi seizes power
- Allows Boxers to spread throughout China- Boxers begin massacring Europeans and
Christians- Over 30,000 dead by the end of 1900
- Europeans intervene to crush rebellion
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Empress Cixi, 1902
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Aftermath of Rebellion“The people are afraid of officials, the officials
are afraid of foreigners, and the foreigners are afraid of the people"
• Cixi is allowed to stay in power• Some educational reforms are passed• Qing Dynasty = weak and unpopular• Europeans don’t colonize China completely
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Xinhai Revolution• 1908: Empress Cixi dies, replaced by her two year
old nephew, Puyi• 1908-9: Sun Yat-Sen leads a failed coup
- Kuomintang: Nationalist Party (KMT)• 1911: Royal Guard joins Revolution against the
new Emperor• Sun Yat-Sen elected China’s first president• Abdicates in favor of Yuan Shikai, an Imperial
general
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Democracy?• 1913: First democratic elections
- KMT score huge victory• 1915: Yuan proclaims himself Emperor, bans KMT• Sun Yat-sen calls for “Second Revolution”• Yuan forced to reestablish Republic
• After Yuan’s death, political fragmentation• KMT unifies country in 1928 under Chiang Kai-
shek
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Chiang Kai-shek & Mao Zedong