ChinaChinaFrom the First Emperor to CommunismFrom the First Emperor to Communism

China BasicsChina Basics China is the 4China is the 4thth largest country on the planet largest country on the planet

Home to 1.3 billion peopleHome to 1.3 billion people Largest population earthLargest population earth

Oldest civilization on earthOldest civilization on earth The third oldest countryThe third oldest country

Made many major accomplishmentsMade many major accomplishments Paper makingPaper making Primitive printing pressPrimitive printing press Gunpowder and other weapons like the crossbowGunpowder and other weapons like the crossbow The compassThe compass The noodleThe noodle

The First Emperor of ChinaThe First Emperor of China Qin Shi Huangdi was responsible for setting the Qin Shi Huangdi was responsible for setting the

stage for the modern country of Chinastage for the modern country of China Unified ChinaUnified China

7 warring states turned into 1 “peaceful” country7 warring states turned into 1 “peaceful” country Established LegalismEstablished Legalism Developed a common languageDeveloped a common language Built the majority of the Great Wall of ChinaBuilt the majority of the Great Wall of China

Needed to protect the northern border of the countryNeeded to protect the northern border of the country Built an elaborate tombBuilt an elaborate tomb Built the terra cotta warriorsBuilt the terra cotta warriors

The First Emperor of ChinaThe First Emperor of China Responsible for using the government style called Responsible for using the government style called

““LegalismLegalism”” The leader is very strong and very strictThe leader is very strong and very strict

Mandate of HeavenMandate of Heaven Government controls every element of people’s livesGovernment controls every element of people’s lives

How you live, what you do, how you think, etcHow you live, what you do, how you think, etc The people must be loyal and obedientThe people must be loyal and obedient

Those that don’t conform to this way are gotten rid ofThose that don’t conform to this way are gotten rid of Putin a labor or reeducation camp, or sentenced to deathPutin a labor or reeducation camp, or sentenced to death

The Dynasties of ChinaThe Dynasties of China After the First Emperor died his ideas were After the First Emperor died his ideas were

continued by future emperors and “dynasties”continued by future emperors and “dynasties” Ruling familiesRuling families Continued for 2,000 yearsContinued for 2,000 years

From 200 BC to 1911From 200 BC to 1911

Today we call Legalism a “Today we call Legalism a “Totalitarian Totalitarian DictatorshipDictatorship”” The Chinese government claims that their country is The Chinese government claims that their country is

not a dictatorship… they are communistsnot a dictatorship… they are communists So… what is communism?So… what is communism?

The Idea of CommunismThe Idea of Communism Communism is an economic system, not a Communism is an economic system, not a

form of government!!form of government!! Why do we think of it as a government?Why do we think of it as a government?

Many dictatorships use communism for their Many dictatorships use communism for their economyeconomy

Cuba and Fidel CastroCuba and Fidel Castro Russia and Joseph StalinRussia and Joseph Stalin North Korea and Kim Jong IlNorth Korea and Kim Jong Il China and Hu JintaoChina and Hu Jintao

The Idea of CommunismThe Idea of Communism Karl Marx created the idea of communismKarl Marx created the idea of communism

Believes the “Believes the “ProletariatProletariat” would rise up against the ” would rise up against the wealthy dictators or emperors of a countrywealthy dictators or emperors of a country

The average and poor working peopleThe average and poor working people Believes proletariat would take power and create a Believes proletariat would take power and create a

country where country where everyoneeveryone is is equal in terms of wealthequal in terms of wealth Redistribute the wealth of a countryRedistribute the wealth of a country

Take from the rich and divide it evenly among everyoneTake from the rich and divide it evenly among everyone

BUT… the unfortunate reality is that equality for all BUT… the unfortunate reality is that equality for all cannot happen cannot happen completelycompletely

Every country must have leadersEvery country must have leaders More wealth and power than everyone elseMore wealth and power than everyone else

The Last Dynasty is OverthrownThe Last Dynasty is Overthrown In 1911 the last Chinese Emperor is overthrownIn 1911 the last Chinese Emperor is overthrown

Overthrow by the Kuomintang or Nationalist PartyOverthrow by the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party A democracy is establishedA democracy is established

Dr. Sun Yatsen becomes first president of ChinaDr. Sun Yatsen becomes first president of China Dies after 14 years in chargeDies after 14 years in charge

Replaced by Chiang Kai- shekReplaced by Chiang Kai- shek Promised to continue democracy and rights for all Promised to continue democracy and rights for all

Chinese people, but he never followed throughChinese people, but he never followed through The proletariat become very upset and move to revoltThe proletariat become very upset and move to revolt

Mao Zedong is the leader of the upset ProletariatMao Zedong is the leader of the upset Proletariat

Mao ZedongMao Zedong Teacher who studied the ideas of Karl MarxTeacher who studied the ideas of Karl Marx

Believed strongly in communismBelieved strongly in communism Believed a proletariat revolution was possibleBelieved a proletariat revolution was possible

Mao went to the countrysideMao went to the countryside Promote communism and revolution among the Promote communism and revolution among the

average peopleaverage people A violent civil war began between the A violent civil war began between the

Communists and NationalistsCommunists and Nationalists Mao Zedong versus Chiang Kai- shekMao Zedong versus Chiang Kai- shek Most communists were killedMost communists were killed

Mao and the remaining communists were forced to head Mao and the remaining communists were forced to head 6,000 miles to northwestern China6,000 miles to northwestern China

Called the “Long March”Called the “Long March”

China During WW IIChina During WW II Japan invaded ChinaJapan invaded China

Nationalists and Communists reluctantly set aside Nationalists and Communists reluctantly set aside their differences in order to fight Japantheir differences in order to fight Japan

More people started to look to Mao for leadershipMore people started to look to Mao for leadership Communism gains major support by the peopleCommunism gains major support by the people

After the war Mao and the communists gain all After the war Mao and the communists gain all political power in Chinapolitical power in China The people believe this is a major victory for ChinaThe people believe this is a major victory for China

Communism in ChinaCommunism in China Mao ZedongMao Zedong

Leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)Leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) First communist leader in ChinaFirst communist leader in China

Came to power in China after WWII in 1949Came to power in China after WWII in 1949 Blended the unique ideas of Karl Marx and the Blended the unique ideas of Karl Marx and the

First EmperorFirst Emperor China became a country where the people are China became a country where the people are equalequal, ,

but there is also a but there is also a dictatordictator Marx’s idea of equality for the peopleMarx’s idea of equality for the people Qin Shi Huangdi’s idea that there is a dictator with total Qin Shi Huangdi’s idea that there is a dictator with total

control over the people’s livescontrol over the people’s lives

How Mao’s Communism workedHow Mao’s Communism worked Fear and violence was used in the beginningFear and violence was used in the beginning

Scare people into following youScare people into following you Just like the First EmperorJust like the First Emperor

““PropagandaPropaganda”” Make people believe everyone is happy and equalMake people believe everyone is happy and equal

Government controls the TV., radio, newspaper, books, Government controls the TV., radio, newspaper, books, schools, etc.schools, etc. Government claims they “Government claims they “Serve the peopleServe the people””

Just like the First EmperorJust like the First Emperor

Stressed loyalty and service to ChinaStressed loyalty and service to China ““You” as a person do not matter, but “we” as China doYou” as a person do not matter, but “we” as China do

The group (China) is more important than the individualThe group (China) is more important than the individual

How Mao’s Communism workedHow Mao’s Communism worked Propaganda ContinuedPropaganda Continued

Hero of the Day PostersHero of the Day Posters Average workers or children who do something for the Average workers or children who do something for the

country are rewarded by having a poster of them put up in country are rewarded by having a poster of them put up in their villagetheir village People feel good about what they are doing for ChinaPeople feel good about what they are doing for China

Makes people believe the government is good and that they Makes people believe the government is good and that they care for the peoplecare for the people

Mao’s “Little Red Book”Mao’s “Little Red Book” The ultimate propaganda device used by MaoThe ultimate propaganda device used by Mao Famous quotations and rules written by Famous quotations and rules written by

Chairman MaoChairman Mao Every day certain passages were readEvery day certain passages were read

Before work or schoolBefore work or school After several generations, people believed Mao knew After several generations, people believed Mao knew

everything and that he really cared about themeverything and that he really cared about them Mao now controlled the most important thing… What Mao now controlled the most important thing… What

people thoughtpeople thought First Emperor did this by burning all writingsFirst Emperor did this by burning all writings

Communism and the PeopleCommunism and the People Everyone is “equal”Everyone is “equal”

No social classesNo social classes No private propertyNo private property Equal access to things like Education, Healthcare, Equal access to things like Education, Healthcare,

Housing, and JobsHousing, and Jobs No personal rewards to work hardNo personal rewards to work hard Everyone is paid the same no matter what they doEveryone is paid the same no matter what they do

One- child- per- family policyOne- child- per- family policy Government says you can only have one childGovernment says you can only have one child

Why does the government do this?Why does the government do this? Population control- Limits what they need to give the peoplePopulation control- Limits what they need to give the people

What if you do have more than one child?What if you do have more than one child? Three optionsThree options

AbortionAbortion Started by government at the beginning of policyStarted by government at the beginning of policy

Pay a fine for each child over onePay a fine for each child over one Very Expensive and very few people can do thisVery Expensive and very few people can do this

AdoptionAdoption Most popular methodMost popular method Daughters are usually given upDaughters are usually given up