China Environmental & Energy issues
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Transcript of China Environmental & Energy issues
Introduction
• Use of energy to run economic activities results in environmental degradation .
• Use of energy from exhaustable resources will lead to energy shortage.
• Solution lies in reducing the exhaustable sources of eenrgy.
• Going for eco friendly methods of production and consumption.
Cont...
• Promoting use of eco friendly technology in production of goods and services.
• Increase use of solar energy to reduce the level of pollution .
• Cultivate the habit of saving eenrgy among the masses .
Environmental issues
• Three environmental issues faced by china:
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Co2 emission
Air pollution
• Air is the most polluted in china .
• Sulphur dioxide and soot are the major air pollutants .
• Large use of coal by industrial boilers and furnaces aggravates the problem of air pollution.
• Transportation sector is another amjor source of air pollution.
Water POllution
• Mercury released by coal fired plants leads to water pollution.
• Ground water is polluted by smelters ,runoffs from the factories.
• Heavy use of fertilizers also contaminate the water.
• Cadmium and other metals present in fertilizers turn water toxic.
Cont...
• Disposal of waste and other organic matter is another major pollutant of water.
• An unabbated cutting of trees reduces watersupply .
• Blue algae infestation has turned water in lakes toxic.
• Besides pollution ,shortage of water in shanghai ,beijing also adds to miseries of people .
Co2 Emmision
• C02 emmision results in climatic changes thus leading to global warming
• China accounts for 24% of world's energy related carbon emmision.
• China is non-Annex country on united nations framework convention on climate change.
• China's policies aim at cutting energy costs,reducing local pollution rather than reducing carbon emmision for benifit of world.
Cont...
• Per capita carbon dioxide emmision from fossil fuel combustion is 3.65tons (Statistics from the International Energy Agency )
• China ranks 2nd in the world behind US in total energy consumption and co2 emmision.
Energy Consumption
• China ccounts for 9.8% of worlds energy consumption (China country analysis brief)
• By 2025 china will be responsible for 14.8% of world's energy consumption .
• Of the 40quadrillion Btu of total energuy consumed ,64% is coal ,26%oil,7% hydro electricity and 3% natural gas.
• Dependence on imported oil has enormously increased over the time.
Laws for environment protection
• In 1979 China passed environmental protection law for trial implementation
• The 1982 contitution includes important environmental provisions
• Based on the provisions many laws were enacted .
• Water pollution prevention and control law 1984,Air pollution and control law 1987are some of the remarkable laws .
Environmental policies
• On national level policies are formulated by state environmental protection Administration (SEPA )
• Role OF SEPA is to dissiminate national environmental policy ,collect data and regulate .
• Cleaner production promotion law was enacted by chinese government in year 2002.
Cont...
• Under cleaner production promotion law demonstration programs for pollution check were carried out in ten major cities .
• Several river valley's were made priority areas and massive pollution check drive was started .
• Lack of market based policy like taxing the polluters is still half away.
•
Energy Saving policies
• To curb excessive use of energy ,some concrete steps must be taken .
• Tightening the use of land for further manufacturing activities ,credit supply will ensure a decrease in energy consumption.
• Cancellation of preferential policies for industries like low taxation ,low cost of land .
• Outmoded production methods to be eliminated.
Renewable energy
• Creation and use of renewable energy included in the 11th year plan of china.
• Offset the current use of coal with natural gas.
• Increase use of wind and photovoltaics for electricity generation.
• Use of solar energy is increasing steadly in both urban and rural areas of china.