Chillers.pptx

8/18/2019 Chillers.pptx

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Training ModuleCentral AC Plant(Chiller)


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Defnition –

ller is a machine that removes heat rom a liquid via aour-compression or asorption rerigeration c!cle" This liqui then e circulated through a heat e#changer to cool air oripment as required"

Ton o %erigeration – & T% #⋅Cp #⋅ (Ti – To) *+,

mass .o/ rate o coolant in 0ghris coolant specifc heat in 0Cal 0g deg Cinlet1 temperature o coolant to evaporator (chiller) in +Coutlet temperature o coolant rom evaporator (chiller) in +C

' &,1+++ 2T3 (2ritish Thermal 3nit)*"4&5 67 $% 68s*+, 6cal9our


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Foundational Principles

Compression

:ases are compressile – liquids are not :ases get hot /hen compressed

Heat fow

9eat .o/s rom high temperature to lo/

Fluid fow

;luids .o/ rom high pressure to lo/


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Goal of a chiller

Maintain desired temperature in a building

%emove heat /ithin a uilding and re lights1 people ? equipment

@#ternal gains> solar1 transmission

=nfltration


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Chillers – Classifcation

ers are classied on ollowing principle o operation:

por Compression Chillerpor asorption Chiller

por Compression Chiller urther classifed ased on compressors as ollo

ciprocating Compressorator! Bcre/ Compressors

ntriugal Compressorsoll Compressors

por Absorption Chiller urther classifed as ollo/s>

ple Balt ? 7ater B!stemter Bpra! Asorption rerigerationgle Pressure asorption rerigeration


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Chillers – Classifcation


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Chillers – Classifcation%eciprocating Centriugal Bcre/

Bcroll apor asorption chiller


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Chiller – :eneral a!out

apor Compressionchiller

apor Asorptionchiller

condenser generator

evaporator

absorber


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9AC B!stem – :eneral a!out


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Basic Vapour Compression Components

Condenser

Evaporator

High Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

Compressor Expansion

Device

12

3

4

Low pressure liquid

refrigerant in evaporatorabsorbs heat and changes to

a gas

he superheated vapor

enters the compressor

where its pressure is

raised

he high pressure superheated gas

is cooled in several stages in the

condenser


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Vapour Compression C!lce


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Vapour "bsorption C!cle


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=nfltration


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=nfltration


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Compressor• Prime mover or rerigerant• %aises the pressure o the rerigerant high enough to allo/ heat to e re


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Bcre/ Chiller – ue $il Circuit

.

$!stem


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Working Fluid !erigerant

• Chloro.uorocarons (C;Cs) such as %&&1 %&,1 %&&*1 %&&1 %&&4• 9!drochloro.uorocarons (9C;Cs) such as %,,1 %&,*1 %&,1 %&&1 %&,

• 9!dro.uorocarons (9;Cs) such as %*,1 %&,41 %&*a1 %&*a1 %&4,a

Chiller # Components


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• %erigerant Discharge Pressure 9igh - 9P• %erigerant discharge Temperature 9igh• %erigerant Buction Pressure o/ - P• o/ %erigerant evel• Anti- ;reee

• Chilled Condenser /ater .o/- lo/• o/ 9igh condenser /ater temperature• o/ $il discharge Pressure• o/ $il temperature

• Chilled /ater approach temperature• Compressor motor Temperature• Bingle phase preventer• o/ 9igh voltage alarm

Chiller - :eneral Baeties


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• To avoid urns1 e alert or hot parts and hot .uids in lines1 tues and compartments"

• Al/a!s use tools that are in good condition" 3se onl! genuine $@Mreplacement

parts"

Diesel :enerator – Baet! =nstructions


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Chiller – Btart Btop Procedure

"witching #$FF# Chiller

• Chec0 the po/er suppl! in Chiller panel on Panel• @nsure all necessar! valves are in open condition i"e" chilled

condenser /ater line"• B/itch $E the required no" o Primar! Condenser Pump(s) and

cooling to/er an (s)

• @nsure required no" o Becondar! Pumps are started• B/itch $E the Chiller in auto mode ! selecting Auto on displa! unit• Chec0 the inlet and outlet /ater temperature and all electrical

parameters• Chec0 ? Maintain the /ater level in cooling to/er"• Chec0 and note all parameters• %ecord the readings as per the log sheet and schedule

"witching #$FF# Chiller• :ive Btop command at displa! unit• Chec0 the equipment or stop condition• B/itch $;; CT an1 Condenser1 primar! and secondar! pumps• Close all the necessar! valves i"e" Chilled Condenser /ater line o


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Chiller - Preventive Maintenance $vervie/

•Maintain a dail! report log oo0 - Dail!

• 6eep Condenser tue cleaned - 9al Fearl!

• 6eep @vaporator tue cleaned - Fearl!

• @nsure lea0 ree 3nit i"e" lea0 test - Monthl!

• Bustain Proper /ater Treatment - Dail!

• Anal!e oil ? %erigerant - 9al Fearl!

• @lectrical Panel - uarterl!

• Chec0 chiller saeties - uarterl!


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THANK YOU

Chillers.pptx

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