Chiller Estimator 4.0
25
Chiller Comparison Online Tool A Facility Director used this tool to compare repairing an existing chiller with replacement using one of 5 new chillers from 3 manufacturers. He showed the administration that keeping the old chiller would have a net present cost of $1,526,000 over 20 years while the best replacement would have a 20 year NPV cost of $1,020,000. This tool was also used to justify the maximum utility rebate. Another facility found that retrofitting an existing chiller with a variable speed compressor was the Purchasing or retrofitting a chiller can represent a very large investment and the total cost of ownership over 20 or 25 years can vary dramatically based on the efficiency of the chiller and how it matches your building load profile. NPLV and IPLV numbers seldom suggest how a chiller will perform in a multiple chiller system. In the Pacific Northwest, the present value of purchasing, operating and maintaining a 500 ton chiller in a hospital for 20 years can vary from $1,000,000 to $1,500,000 depending on how well the chiller is selected and the lowest first cost chiller is seldom the least Determining the lowest total cost of ownership is a very complex task and is seldom attempted by consultants or owners. Conservation Catalysts recognizes that making the best chiller selection might reduce energy consumption by up to 1,000 KWH per ton per year and has developed a chiller Chiller Comparison Tool: When using this tool, please note: This is NOT a design tool. The system designer or a sophisticated owner must determine the necessary chiller capacity and load profile. This does not determine the best cooling tower characteristics but it does suggest some default values and allows the user to make judgments about the most appropriate cooling towers. Who would use this tool? The owner might require that the designer and vendors use this tool. The owner or designer would typically insert the system information and then provide this tool to vendors to help them select the best TCO offering using the owner’s criteria. The owner would use this tool with vendor provided information to select the lowest TCO and “best offer”. Why is it important to use the Chiller Tool? It helps the designer and vendors identify the best chiller available rather than specifying a performance level that is seldom the best performance available for your particular load characteristics. It can compare the present value of continuing to use an existing chiller, retrofitting an existing chiller with more efficient compressors and completely replacing an existing chiller with a brand new chiller. It helps you specify the best new chiller without requiring arbitrary characteristics (such as a favorite brand, centrifugal only, exact size, minimum efficiency rating, etc.)
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Transcript of Chiller Estimator 4.0
Chiller Comparison Online Tool
A Facility Director used this tool to compare repairing an existing chiller with replacement using one of
5 new chillers from 3 manufacturers. He showed the administration that keeping the old chiller would
have a net present cost of $1,526,000 over 20 years while the best replacement would have a 20 year
NPV cost of $1,020,000. This tool was also used to justify the maximum utility rebate.
Another facility found that retrofitting an existing chiller with a variable speed compressor was the
Purchasing or retrofitting a chiller can represent a very large investment and the total cost of
ownership over 20 or 25 years can vary dramatically based on the efficiency of the chiller and how it
matches your building load profile. NPLV and IPLV numbers seldom suggest how a chiller will perform
in a multiple chiller system. In the Pacific Northwest, the present value of purchasing, operating and
maintaining a 500 ton chiller in a hospital for 20 years can vary from $1,000,000 to $1,500,000
depending on how well the chiller is selected and the lowest first cost chiller is seldom the least
Determining the lowest total cost of ownership is a very complex task and is seldom attempted by
consultants or owners. Conservation Catalysts recognizes that making the best chiller selection might
reduce energy consumption by up to 1,000 KWH per ton per year and has developed a chiller
Chiller Comparison Tool:
When using this tool, please note:
This is NOT a design tool. The system designer or a sophisticated owner must determine the necessary
chiller capacity and load profile.
This does not determine the best cooling tower characteristics but it does suggest some default values and
allows the user to make judgments about the most appropriate cooling towers.
Who would use this tool?
The owner might require that the designer and vendors use this tool.
The owner or designer would typically insert the system information and then provide this tool to vendors
to help them select the best TCO offering using the owner’s criteria.
The owner would use this tool with vendor provided information to select the lowest TCO and “best offer”.
Why is it important to use the Chiller Tool?
It helps the designer and vendors identify the best chiller available rather than specifying a performance
level that is seldom the best performance available for your particular load characteristics.
It can compare the present value of continuing to use an existing chiller, retrofitting an existing chiller with
more efficient compressors and completely replacing an existing chiller with a brand new chiller.
It helps you specify the best new chiller without requiring arbitrary characteristics (such as a favorite brand,
centrifugal only, exact size, minimum efficiency rating, etc.)
Common Results from using this tool:
It is often more cost effective to retrofit an existing chiller rather than replacing it with a new chiller.
It will often be more cost effective to purchase a larger than needed variable speed chiller (in the range of
20% to 30% larger than required). Have the vendors identify the optimum size based on their product line and
The most cost effective new chiller (90 tons or larger) is probably NOT a conventional fixed speed
This tool may help the vendor make the “perfect” selection. For example, making a $250 impeller change
to a 1,400 ton chiller reduced the 20 year cost of ownership by $85,000.
Let us know how you like this tool - [email protected]
I
Chiller Evaluated:
for
200 at 42 Degrees F. Leaving Evaporator Water Temperature (LEWT)
200 200 180 160 140
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
200 Total Chiller Tons @ 95 degree F. ECT and
GPM
GPM
Building Condenser Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including condenser pressure drop
Building Chilled Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including evaporator pressure drop
Include variations in installation costs, package pricing, etc.
Utility Incentive = This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
Net Chiller Cost = This may equal the cost of the least expensive code compliant chiller.
Contract Duration =
Annual Hours of Operation =
Annual Chiller KWH =
GPM x Ft Head x (.746/.92) x Annual Hrs x
Annual Chiller Electric Costs =
Total Annual Electric Cost =
Annual O&M Cost = Full Maintenance Contract price divided by number of years.
Total First Year Operating Costs =
Reasonable default might be 3%
Annual O&M Inflation Rate = Reasonable default might be 6%
Reasonable default might be 4% to 6%
Total Costs of Ownership (TCO) will be evaluated over this period of time.
-$
Bid Price of Full Maintenance Contract =
-$
0.065$ Cost of Electricity per KWH =
-$
Ballpark Annual Pumping Electric Costs =
Condenser Design GPM and Pressure Drop
6%
BetterBricks Simple Calculator - CHILLER TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP ESTIMATOR 3.0
-$
-$
Ballpark Annual Pumping KWH =
2,566
Chiller 1
-$
Bid Price of Chiller =
-
Evaporator Design GPM and Pressure Drop
-
Minimum Required Tons =
Operating Tons* =
Entering
Condenser
Temperature
(ECT)°F
Net Present Value of Total Cost of Ownership =
25
3%
6%
Anticipated Years of Chiller Use =
Discount Rate =
-$
Annual Electricity Inflation Rate =
Tons 200 180 160 140 120 100
KWH/YR 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hours/YR 1 4 20 55 100 100
KW/ton 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
ECT at Load 95 95 90 90 85 80
85 80 75 70 70 70
CHILLER LOAD PROFILE
25 years
Degrees F. Leaving Evaporator Water Temperature (LEWT)
120 100 80 60 40 20
42 degree F. LEWT
at
at
Ft of Head
Ft of Head
Include variations in installation costs, package pricing, etc.
This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
This may equal the cost of the least expensive code compliant chiller.
Contract Duration = 7.0 years Pick a long enough contract duration to include all major sechduled maintenance.
GPM x Ft Head x (.746/.92) x Annual Hrs x 0.000308 equals full speed KWH/Yr
Full Maintenance Contract price divided by number of years.
Reasonable default might be 3%
Reasonable default might be 6%
Reasonable default might be 4% to 6%
Total Costs of Ownership (TCO) will be evaluated over this period of time.
Ft of Head
BetterBricks Simple Calculator - CHILLER TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP ESTIMATOR 3.0
Building Pumping energy can be added to your calculations but it is not necessary for selecting a chiller. This would
be a good place to compare piping and control variables.
Ft of Head
Chiller 1
80 60 40 20 100% to 10% in 10% increments
0 0 0 0
260 330 406 1,290
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
75 70 65 60
70 65 65 60 Default Condenser WATER Temperature Value Suggestions which you may choose to provide to vendors to help them select an
offering. These numbers might work in the Puget Sound area but can vary dramatically depending on your humidity levels.
Approximate ECT (water or air temperature entering the condenser) in 5˚ increments.
CHILLER LOAD PROFILE
System designer will provide information for YELLOW cells.
This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
Pick a long enough contract duration to include all major sechduled maintenance.
Building Pumping energy can be added to your calculations but it is not necessary for selecting a chiller. This would
be a good place to compare piping and control variables.
Chiller vendor will provide information for BLUE cells. Use ARI certified KW/ton
values in each of the BLUE cells to the right. Vendor will also provide total chiller
tons and heat exchanger pressure drops at design GPM.
100% to 10% in 10% increments
Default Condenser WATER Temperature Value Suggestions which you may choose to provide to vendors to help them select an
offering. These numbers might work in the Puget Sound area but can vary dramatically depending on your humidity levels.
Approximate ECT (water or air temperature entering the condenser) in 5˚ increments.
BIN
NUMBERS
SEATTLE
BIN
HOURS
OSAT BIN
(oF) (Hours)
102.5 0
97.5 4
92.5 4
87.5 4
82.5 78
77.5 137
72.5 348
67.5 406
62.5 1018
57.5 1379
52.5 1335
Chiller Evaluated:
for 25 years
200 at 42 Degrees F. Leaving Evaporator Water Temperature (LEWT)
200 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 System designer will provide information for YELLOW cells.
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
200 Total Chiller Tons @ 85 degree F. ECWT and 42 degree F. LEWT
GPM at
0 GPM at
Building Condenser Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including condenser pressure drop Ft of Head
Building Chilled Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including evaporator pressure drop Ft of Head
Include variations in installation costs, package pricing, etc.
Utility Incentive = This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
Net Chiller Cost = This may equal the cost of the least expensive code compliant chiller.
Contract Duration = 7.0 years Pick a long enough contract duration to include all major sechduled maintenance.
Annual Hours of Operation =
Annual Chiller KWH =
GPM x Ft Head x (.746/.92) x Annual Hrs x 0.000308 equals full speed KWH/Yr
From Input 1 worksheet
Annual Chiller Electric Costs =
Total Annual Electric Cost =
Annual O&M Cost = Typically maintenance cost but could be fuel savings (as negative value), etc.
Total First Year Operating Costs =
From "Input 1" worksheet
Annual O&M Inflation Rate = From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
Tons 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 100% to 20% in 10% increments
KWH/YR #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0
Hours/YR 1 4 20 55 100 100 260 330 1,290
KW/ton #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
ECT at Load 95 95 90 90 85 80 75 70 60
85 80 75 70 70 70 70 65 60
Present Value of Total Cost of Ownership = #N/A
BetterBricks Simple Calculator - CHILLER TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP ESTIMATOR 3.0
Chiller 2
Minimum Required Tons =
Operating Tons* =
Condenser Design GPM and Pressure Drop Ft of Head
Evaporator Design GPM and Pressure Drop Ft of Head
Entering
Condenser
Temperature
(ECT)°F
Chiller vendor will provide information for BLUE cells. Use ARI certified KW/ton
values in each of the BLUE cells to the right. Vendor will also provide total chiller
tons and heat exchanger pressure drops at design GPM.
Ballpark Annual Pumping KWH = -
Bid Price of Chiller =
Ballpark Annual Pumping Electric Costs = -$
-$
-$
Building Pumping energy can be added to your calculations but it is not necessary for selecting a chiller. This
would be a good place to compare piping and control variables.
-$
#N/A
Annual Electricity Inflation Rate = 3%
#N/A
Bid Price of Full Maintenance Contract =
2,160
#N/A
Discount Rate = 6%
6%
Cost of Electricity per KWH = 0.060$
#N/A
Default Condenser WATER Temperature Value Suggestions which you may choose to provide to vendors to help them
select an offering. These numbers might work in the Puget Sound area but can vary dramatically depending on your
humidity levels.
25
CHILLER LOAD PROFILE
Anticipated Years of Chiller Use =
Approximate ECT (water or air temperature entering the condenser) in 5˚ increments.
Chiller Evaluated:
for
200 at 42 Degrees F. Leaving Evaporator Water Temperature (LEWT)
0 200 180 160 140
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
Total Chiller Tons @ 85 degree F. ECWT and
GPM
GPM
Building Condenser Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including condenser pressure drop
Building Chilled Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including evaporator pressure drop
Include variations in installation costs, package pricing, etc.
Utility Incentive = This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
Net Chiller Cost = This may equal the cost of the least expensive code compliant chiller.
Contract Duration =
Annual Hours of Operation =
Annual Chiller KWH =
GPM x Ft Head x (.746/.92) x Annual Hrs x
From Input 1 worksheet
Annual Chiller Electric Costs =
Total Annual Electric Cost =
Annual O&M Cost = Typically maintenance cost but could be fuel savings (as negative value), etc.
Total First Year Operating Costs =
From "Input 1" worksheet
Annual O&M Inflation Rate = From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
Tons 200 180 160 140 120 100
KWH/YR #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0
Hours/YR 1 4 20 55 100 100
KW/ton #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0.000 0.000
Ballpark Annual Pumping Electric Costs = -$
Anticipated Years of Chiller Use = 25
#N/A
Annual Electricity Inflation Rate = 3%
6%
Present Value of Total Cost of Ownership =
2,160
#N/A
Ballpark Annual Pumping KWH = -
Cost of Electricity per KWH = 0.060$
Condenser Design GPM and Pressure Drop
BetterBricks Simple Calculator - CHILLER TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP ESTIMATOR 3.0
Chiller 3
Minimum Required Tons =
Operating Tons* =
Bid Price of Chiller =
Evaporator Design GPM and Pressure Drop
#N/A
Entering
Condenser
Temperature
(ECT)°F
#N/A
#N/A
CHILLER LOAD PROFILE
Discount Rate = 6%
-$
Bid Price of Full Maintenance Contract =
-$
ECT at Load 95 95 90 90 85 80
85 80 75 70 70 70
25 years
Degrees F. Leaving Evaporator Water Temperature (LEWT)
120 100 80 60 40
42 degree F. LEWT
at
at
Building Condenser Water Pressure Drop @ Design GPM not including condenser pressure drop Ft of Head
Ft of Head
Include variations in installation costs, package pricing, etc.
This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
This may equal the cost of the least expensive code compliant chiller.
Contract Duration = 7.0 years Pick a long enough contract duration to include all major sechduled maintenance.
GPM x Ft Head x (.746/.92) x Annual Hrs x 0.000308 equals full speed KWH/Yr
From Input 1 worksheet
Typically maintenance cost but could be fuel savings (as negative value), etc.
From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
From "Input 1" worksheet
80 60 40 100% to 20% in 10% increments
0 0 0
260 330 1,290
0.000 0.000 0.000
BetterBricks Simple Calculator - CHILLER TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP ESTIMATOR 3.0
Chiller 3
Ft of Head
CHILLER LOAD PROFILE
Ft of Head
Building Pumping energy can be added to your calculations but it is not necessary for selecting a chiller. This
would be a good place to compare piping and control variables.
75 70 60
70 65 60
Approximate ECT (water or air temperature entering the condenser) in 5˚ increments.
Default Condenser WATER Temperature Value Suggestions which you may choose to provide to vendors to help them
select an offering. These numbers might work in the Puget Sound area but can vary dramatically depending on your
humidity levels.
System designer will provide information for YELLOW cells.
This is often the incremental cost difference between a code compliant chiller and a more efficient and expensive chiller.
Pick a long enough contract duration to include all major sechduled maintenance.
100% to 20% in 10% increments
Chiller vendor will provide information for BLUE cells. Use ARI certified KW/ton
values in each of the BLUE cells to the right. Vendor will also provide total chiller
tons and heat exchanger pressure drops at design GPM.
Building Pumping energy can be added to your calculations but it is not necessary for selecting a chiller. This
would be a good place to compare piping and control variables.
Approximate ECT (water or air temperature entering the condenser) in 5˚ increments.
Default Condenser WATER Temperature Value Suggestions which you may choose to provide to vendors to help them
select an offering. These numbers might work in the Puget Sound area but can vary dramatically depending on your
humidity levels.
25 Study Period (Years) 25 Study Period (Years)
3% Electricity Inflation Rate 3% Electricity Inflation Rate
6.0% Annual O&M Inflation Rate 6.0% Annual O&M Inflation Rate
6.0% Discount Rate 6.0% Discount Rate
$0 Initial Net Cost -$ Initial Net Cost
-$ First Year Electric Costs #N/A First Year Electric Costs
-$ Annual O&M Cost -$ Annual O&M Cost
Annual Cash Flow Annual Cash Flow Annual Cash Flow
Year Costs
Operating
Costs
Cost
Adjustments:
Maint. Contract,
etc. Total Costs
Net Present
Value of Total
Costs Year Costs
0 -$ -$ -$ 0 -$
1 -$ -$ -$ -$ 1
2 -$ -$ -$ -$ 2
3 -$ -$ -$ -$ 3
4 -$ -$ -$ -$ 4
5 -$ -$ -$ -$ 5
6 -$ -$ -$ -$ 6
7 -$ -$ -$ -$ 7
8 -$ -$ -$ -$ 8
9 -$ -$ -$ -$ 9
10 -$ -$ -$ -$ 10
11 -$ -$ -$ -$ 11
12 -$ -$ -$ -$ 12
13 -$ -$ -$ -$ 13
14 -$ -$ -$ -$ 14
15 -$ -$ -$ -$ 15
16 -$ -$ -$ -$ 16
17 -$ -$ -$ -$ 17
18 -$ -$ -$ -$ 18
19 -$ -$ -$ -$ 19
20 -$ -$ -$ -$ 20
21 -$ -$ -$ -$ 21
22 -$ -$ -$ -$ 22
23 -$ -$ -$ -$ 23
24 -$ -$ -$ -$ 24
25 -$ -$ -$ -$ 25
26 N/A N/A N/A N/A 26
27 N/A N/A N/A N/A 27
28 N/A N/A N/A N/A 28
29 N/A N/A N/A N/A 29
Inputs Linked from "Input 2" PageInputs Linked from "Input 1" Page
30 N/A N/A N/A N/A 30
Totals -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Totals -$
Study Period (Years) 25 Study Period (Years)
Electricity Inflation Rate 3% Electricity Inflation Rate
Annual O&M Inflation Rate 6.0% Annual O&M Inflation Rate
Discount Rate 6.0% Discount Rate
Initial Net Cost -$ Initial Net Cost
First Year Electric Costs #N/A First Year Electric Costs
Annual O&M Cost -$ Annual O&M Cost
Annual Cash Flow Annual Cash Flow
Operating
Costs
Cost
Adjustments:
Maint. Contract,
etc. Total Costs
Net Present
Value of Total
Costs Year Costs
Operating
Costs
-$ -$ 0 -$
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 1 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 2 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 3 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 4 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 5 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 6 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 7 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 8 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 9 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 10 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 11 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 12 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 13 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 14 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 15 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 16 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 17 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 18 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 19 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 20 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 21 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 22 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 23 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 24 #N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A 25 #N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A 26 N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A 27 N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A 28 N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A 29 N/A
Inputs Linked from "Input 3" PageInputs Linked from "Input 2" Page
N/A N/A N/A N/A 30 N/A
#N/A -$ #N/A #N/A Totals -$ #N/A
Annual Cash Flow
Cost
Adjustments:
Maint. Contract,
etc. Total Costs
Net Present
Value of Total
Costs
-$ -$
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
N/A N/A N/A
N/A N/A N/A
N/A N/A N/A
N/A N/A N/A
Inputs Linked from "Input 3" Page
N/A N/A N/A
-$ #N/A #N/A
