Child-Parent Centers: A Title I-Funded Model for Promoting Educational Success Arthur J. Reynolds...
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Transcript of Child-Parent Centers: A Title I-Funded Model for Promoting Educational Success Arthur J. Reynolds...
Child-Parent Centers:
A Title I-Funded Model for Promoting Educational Success
Arthur J. ReynoldsUniversity of Minnesota
August 11, 2009Brooklyn Park, MN
Impact of State PreK on Readiness
Year Change (mths)
New Mexico 2007 3-4Arkansas 2007 3New Jersey 2007 3-4Oklahoma 2005 3Tulsa, OK 2005 6Synthesis of 2001 3-4 7 states/cities
MA
SS
FS
SA
CA
MA
SS
FS
SA
CA
Common Paths from Early Childhood to Adult Well-Being
Early Childhood Ages 3-9
Adolescence to Adulthood
ProgramParticipation
TimingDurationIntensity
Competence Behaviors
School Achievement and Performance School Remediation Delinquency and Crime Child Maltreatment Participation in Social Services Health & Mental Health Educational Attainment Economic Well-Being Family Circumstances
MA= Motivational AdvantageCA = Cognitive AdvantageSA = Social AdjustmentFS = Family SupportSS = School Support
Exogenous Conditions
Gender Socio-Environmental Risk Neighborhood Attributes
Motivation Self-efficacy Perceived competence Persistence in learning
Developed Abilities Cognitive development Literacy skills Pre-reading/numeracy skills
Social Adjustment Classroom adjustment Peer relations Self-regulating skills
Family Support Parent-child interactions Home support for learning Participation in school Parenting skills
School Support Quality of school environment Classroom environment School-level performance
Ages 5-12
Key Point
Only high-quality early education programs that follow key principles
of effectiveness will have reliable and enduring effects on children’s
school success.
CPC Background2nd Oldest Federally-Funded Preschool
Program
Oldest and Most Integrated Preschool plus School-Age Intervention
Unique Blend of Child Education and Family Support
Title I HistoryChicago first district to use Title I for
preschool (1967)
District 10 Superintendent Lorraine Sullivan developed program with much local collaboration
Today <5% of Title I goes to preschool
Goal of Title I Act of 1965:
“Employ imaginative thinking and new approaches to meet the educational needs of poor children.”
CPC Major Foci
Basic skills: Language, Numeracy, ListeningStructured Learning ActivitiesLanguage and literacy emphasis
Field Trips: Zoos, Museums, Libraries
Parent Involvement:Classroom volunteeringParent room activitiesEducational workshops and trainingHome visits and activities
Organizational StructureStaffing patterns and Coordination
Key Elements for Improving Well-Being
Child language, numeracy, and social skills
Continuity of learning experiences
Family-school partnershipsReduce social isolationIncrease school/residential stability
Parenting practices
Parents’ attainments & economic well-being
Child-Parent Centers
PrincipalChild-Parent Center
Preschool/Kindergarten(Wing or Building)
Child-Parent CenterPreschool/Kindergarten
(Wing or Building)
Elementary SchoolGrades 1 to 3
Elementary SchoolGrades 1 to 3
Curriculum Parent-Resources TeacherCurriculum Parent-Resources TeacherHead TeacherHead Teacher
OutreachServices
OutreachServices
ParentComponent
ParentComponent
CurriculumComponent
CurriculumComponent
HealthServices
HealthServices
ParentComponent
ParentComponent
CurriculumComponent
CurriculumComponent
School-WideServices
School-WideServices
School-Community RepresentativeResource MobilizationHome VisitationParent Conferences
Parent Resource TeacherParent Room ActivitiesClassroom VolunteeringSchool ActivitiesHome Support
Language FocusSmall Class SizesInservice Training
Health ScreeningNursing ServicesFree + Reduced- Price meals
Parent Room ActivitiesClassroom VolunteeringSchool ActivitiesHome Support
Reduced Class SizeTeacher AidesInstructional Materials Individualized InstructionInservice Training
Health ServicesSchool-Community RepresentativeFree + Reduced- Price mealsResource Mobilization
Age 3 To Age 9
CPC Staffing Head Teacher Parent Resource TeacherSchool-Community RepresentativeTeachers and aidesSchool nurse, psychologist, social workerPreschool class size was 17 to 2Kindergarten, school age was 25 to 2School-age program had coordinator called curriculum-parent resource teacher
Brief CLS Sample Description
989 complete cohort of children graduating from Child-Parent Centers in kindergarten; they participated from 2 to 6 years. Centers are located in the highest poverty areas of Chicago.
550 children enrolled in an alternative early childhood program in kindergarten in five randomly selected schools serving low-income families. They matched on socioeconomic status.
CPC Preschool and Readiness
57
44
28
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Nat
iona
l Per
cent
ile
Two Years One Year None Nat. Norm
ECLS-K Reading Learning by SES: K to 3rd Grade
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
5 6 7 8 9
Ages
Te
st
Sc
ore
s
LowerSESHigherSES
Education and Crime-Age 24
Prog CompDiff
HS completion 79.4% 70.7% 8.7%*
Incarceration 20.4% 26.1% -5.7%*or jail
Felony arrest 16.5 21.1% -4.6%*
Benefit-Cost Ratios for Child Programs
3.07
0.30
3.14
6.02
0.00
3.54
2.47
-2.00
-1.00
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
WIC Infantprograms
Preschoolprograms
Full-Day K Smallclasses
ReadingRecovery
SOAR
Pre
sen
t V
alu
e o
f B
enef
its
per
Do
llar
inve
sted
($)
Key Elements of Effectiveness for Early Education Programs
1. Target Children at Risk2. Begin Early (by age 4)3. Duration-More is Better4. High Intensity of Services5.Small Class Sizes and Child-
Staff Ratios
Key Elements of Effectiveness
6. Highly Trained Teachers who are Compensated Well
7. Comprehensive Family Services 8. Compensatory Focus9. Provide Transition Services into
Kindergarten and early grades10. Strong Accountability System
Common Elements of Preschool Showing High Returns
1. Opportunity for More than 1 Year of Participation.
2. Well-trained and Compensated Teachers.3. Class Sizes under 18 and Child to Staff
Ratios less than 9 to 1.4. Instruction that is Diverse & Literacy
Rich.5. Comprehensive Family Services.6. Average Yearly Cost per Child no Less
than $5,000 (2007 dollars).
Further Information
Human Capital Research Collaborativewww.humancapitalrc.org
Chicago Longitudinal Studywww.cehd.umn.edu/icd/cls/[email protected]