Child Mortality Handouts
Transcript of Child Mortality Handouts
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CHILD MORTALITY WHERE AND WHY ARE 10 MILLION CHIDREN DRYING
EVERY YEAR?
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Year Percentage
Year Percentage
1990-2001
1.1% peryear
1960-1990
2.5% peryear
Late 20th century, a decrease inchild mortality occurred
ut more than 10! still die e"ery year#$5yrs #&'(, 2002
)u*-)aharan +rica highest child mortality#190-19/ and sloest all in rate. hild mortality "aries among orld regions andthese are large and increasing
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apa*ilities o the countries health
system +ppropriate pu*lic health
inter"entions nderstand the
determinants o child mortality
3eterminants4 socioeconomic
actors, en"ironmental and *eha"ioral
ris actors
1990
7he &orld )ummit or hildren 18reduction
2002
!illennium 3e"elopment:oals or health
28reduction
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&';
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S"i#u$a"%& aus% !f &%a"h' (&is%as% !r in)ur*+hih ini"ia"%& "h% "rain !f ,!rbi& %%n"s$%a&in. &ir%"$* "! &%a"h/
0-23 !f ,%as$%s as%s +%r% f!$$!+%& b*
#n%u,!nia !r &iarrh%a 45hi$s6 an& 7.an&a8Sus%#"ibi$i"* "! &iarrh%a9 #n%u,!nia9"ub%ru$!sis9 : !"h%r inf%"i!nsCA7SES O; DECREASED IMM7NE AND NON-
IMM7NE DE;ENCES
• ndereight• !icronutrient deFciency• !easles
A3;
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lassiFcation• +ll countries need sound epidemiological inormation to prioritiHe,
plan and implement pu*lic health inter"ention.
IE#i&%,i!$!.* is the study o the distri*ution and determinants o
health-related states or e"ents #including disease, and the applicationo this study to the control o diseases and other health pro*lems.
• Vi"a$ %%n" r%.is"ra"i!n that includes cause-o-death data is usedto esta*lish the cause structure o mortality in high-income and somemiddle income countries, *ut these are generally not a"aila*le or the
countries here 90% o child deaths tae place. #7he poorersegments o the population, hich ha"e higher mortality and mightha"e diKerent causes o death, are oten misrepresented.
• +lternati"es to the reporting o "ital e"ents are use of data fromnationally-representative surveys and special study populations.
L=A=+L +);) (D 3;+7'
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L=A=+L +);) (D 3;+7'
• ( the 10.? million deaths orldide ochildren younger than 5 years, .9 million
occur in the Frst 2? days o lie- i.e. theneonatal period.
•auses o neonatal deaths in lo-incomecommunities4 se"ere inections, *irthasphyia, complications o prematurity,and *y tetanus.
Aeonatal disorders
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0
5
1015
20
25
0
5
Caus% !f D%a"h
5r!#!r"i!n !f hi$& &%a"hs 438
3=)7
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(!P+
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COMOR
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o-occurrence o inectious diseases
7o diseases occur together *ecause theyha"e the same en"ironmental or *eha"ioural
ris actors increased eposure to inections.SYNERGISM =ncreased ris o death
o-occurrence as *eteen 2M and /M2#median ?M times greater than that epected
i synergy and ris actors ere not present!ultiple-cause classiFcations such as diarrhoea
plus pneumonia in the causes o death oyoung children in lo-income countries
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(AL)=(A
hild health epidemiology =normationuseul or
pu*lic health planning, monitoring ande"aluation.
+"aila*ility an important determinant orchild sur"i"al
=mportant causes o child death arepneumonia, diarrhea
and neonatal disorders ith a littlecontri*ution o
malaria and +=3)