Chief Justice (Retd.) From Secretary General’s desk FOURTH ...

THE NEWS LETTER OFK a r a c h i C o u n c i l o n F o r e i g n R e l a t i o n s ,E c o n o m i c A f f a i r s a n d L a w

210, Panorama Centre,Fatima Jinnah Road, Karachi.Phone : (92-21) 5661421, 5660446Fax : (92-21) 5680497E-mail : [email protected] : www.kcfreal.org

From Secretary General’s deskFOURTH YEAR OF KCFR COMMENCES WITH VIGOR

healthcare for the masses of Pakistan, while focus will remain on ourprime subject of Foreign Relations.

The recent success KCFR made was by organizing a seminar on animportant topic both from the foreign relations and economic pointof view. Expansion of SAARC : Prospects and Challenges was topic ofthe seminar held on 12th November, 2007 at Hotel Pearl Continental,Karachi. A report on this seminar has been included in this issue.

Dear Members, KCFR is steadily following the principles of a documentedsociety and it was in this direction that a book on WTO was publishedwhich was focused on one of the three objectives of KCFR i.e. economicaffairs. Another book focused on foreign relation entitled “SAARC;Prospects & Challenges” is in the preliminary process of printing. Thebook has been written by a member of the executive committee ofKCFR Dr. Khalida Ghaus who is the Managing Director of Social Policyand Development Centre, Karachi.

Membership growth during the last month has been steady. Prominentamong those enrolled as new members are Mr. Gulzar Firoz, a prominentbusinessman and chairman FPCCI’s Standing Committee on Environmentand Mr. A. Haseeb Khan, President Brookes Pharmaceutical, formerChairman Korangi Association of Trade & Industry, a popular socialfigure and philanthropist and an important lady of our country devotedlyworking for spread of knowledge through publication of quality booksand in recognition thereof duly awarded the internationally popularOrder of the British Empire (OBE) Ms. Ameena Saiyid.

My request to all members is to provide us their valuable feedback onthe contents and quality of this magazine of KCFR so that we mayimprove it to your expectations.

With the good taste of third anniversary cake cutby Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri still in the mouth,Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, EconomicAffairs and Law has entered into the fourth yearof inception. With the success of three years onour back, we have mode an ambitious programmefor future in the fields of economic growth and

Chief Justice (Retd.)Saeed Uz Zaman SiddiquiPatron

Lt. Gen. (Retd.)Moinuddin Haider HI (M)Chairman

Capt. Haleem A. SiddiquiCo-Chairman

Ambassador (Retd.)S.K. DehlaviVice Chairman - Foreign Relations

Mr. Najam I. ChaudhriVice Chairman - Economic Affairs

Mr. Liaquat H. MerchantVice Chairman - Law

Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi,Secretary General & CEO

Capt. Anwar Shah,Joint Secretary

EXECUTIVE MEMBERS:Amb. (Retd.) Mansoor AlamProf. Dr. Khalida GhausDr. Asghar Sheikh NasirMr. Sultan A. ChawlaCdre. (Retd.) Sadeed A. Malik

EDITOR:Dr. Asghar Sheikh Nasir

CO-EDITOR:Mr. Siraj Uddin

K a r a c h i C o u n c i l o n F o r e i g n R e l a t i o n s ,E c o n o m i c A f f a i r s a n d L a w

THE NEWS LETTER OF

Volume 1, Issue 2

ever accelerating technological revolution. Certainly, our capacity to exchange people, ideas,

products and services has expanded so rapidly that the human mind is somewhat handicapped

to keep pace with it. The situation, therefore, calls for making concerted efforts independently

and jointly for developing foreign relations on a pattern congenial to creation of peace,

economic growth and prosperity for the global society as a whole but consistent with certain

basic principles to conform to the changing environment.

While foreign relations is the focal component of KCFR, my immediate expression on the

other two equally important constituents are that the strength of a nation lies in an intelligently

planned and well ordered economy and that good laws make it easier to do right and harder

to do wrong.

With the above in mind, it would be my cherished desire to serve the KCFR within its charter

and come up to the expectations of the honorable members of KCFR in general and the civil

society in particular. Let us join hands in building cordial foreign relations, economic growth

and lawfully structured culture; which, in my humble opinion, are the three important

components for solidarity and survival in the new millennium.

M E S S A G E F R O M

While expressing my sincerest thanks to the members of Karachi Council

on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law (KCFR) for electing me as

Chairman, I would like to, at the very outset, say that the growing

interdependence between the nations of the world is itself a product of the

POINTING THE WAY TO INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING EW

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Foreign Relations,Economic Affairs

and Law Lt. Gen (Retd) Moinuddin Haider HI (M), Chairman,KARACHI COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS & LAW

The Indian High Commissioner to Pakistan Mr. Satyabrata Pal, on a special invitation of KCFRvisited Karachi for two days. He met members of the KCFR, members of consular corps, cityelites and media at a dinner hosted in his honour on August 05, 2007.

On the next day, the Indian High Commissioner delivered a speech at a local high profile hotelon the burning topic of “Indo-Pak Peace Process : The New Realit ies”.

Before inviting the Indian High Commissioner, Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Secretary General& CEO of KCFR, in his welcome note observed that the India-Pakistan dialogues to resolvevarious issues have been dragging on for a long time and still no where near solution. Theseissues included the overhalf a century old Kashmir issue, the Baglihar Dam, issues of Sir Creek,Siachin, Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline project, opening of visa offices in Karachi & Mumbaietc. Mr. Zubairi also proposed that the SAARC establishment should now come out of theorbit of seminars, meetings and conferences to a more meaningful physical realities such assetting up SAARC IT University in Bangladesh, advanced Technical and Medical Universitiesin Pakistan, Universities on social sciences in Nepal and Sri Lanka so that people from SAARCmember countries may avail such facilities.

Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider, in his presidential address said that following the post 9/11Scenario, President Pervez Musharraf took quick strides to put the peace process with Indiaon fast track for the benefit of the divided families in the two countries but this was notreciprocated with the same spirit from Indian side. Despite an understanding of promotingpeace through co-operation and regional trade, the results were not as they ought to havebeen. He went on to say that 1.2 billion people in the region are living in pathetic conditionswhile the two governments are involved in arm race and the concern further elevated withthe recent nuclear agreement between India and the USA.


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Indian High Commissioner H.E. Mr. Satyabrata Pal photographed with chairman andoffice bearers of KCFR and other dignitories

INDIAN HIGH COMMISSIONER ADDRESS TO KCFR


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Addressing the large gathering on sensitive issue, the Indian High Commissioner H.E. SatyabrataPal pending replies to the various points raised in the earlier addresses, regretted that Pakistanwas the only country that had been objecting to India’s permanent membership in the UNSecurity Council. He went on to assure that the said nuclear agreement was for peaceful andeconomic reasons, in particular for power generation the demand for which is steadily growingand the fossil fuel for conventional power generation is neither economical not sufficientenough to cope with the demand. India’s projected demand for power in 2010 would be800,000 MW and generating power using the coal reserves India is rich in, will involveenvironmental issues which are undesired. If India plans to utilize Thorium for generating cleanpower, it is wondered as to how it is a matter of concern for Pakistan.

In response to Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider’s observation of a slowdown on Kashmir issue, theIndian High Commissioner said that the simpler issues like Sir Creek and Baglihar dam shouldbe resolved first to confirm India’s good intentions for peace - building. The issues having built-in difficulties, it would take some time for resolution.

In conclusion, the India High Commissioner assured that India had no intention to exploit anyinternal disturbance in Pakistan nor to derive mileage from events like Lal Masjid, Talibaninsurgencies in tribal areas or Balochistan. He said that a stable Pakistan is in India’s interest.The people of both the countries deserve to be taken care of ensuring a peaceful environmentfor socioeconomic growth and prosperity.

On certain other points raised by Gen. Moinuddin Haider and Mr. Ahsan Mukthar Zubairi,the Indian High Commissioner chose to remain silent.

It was a pleasant inter-active session of KCFR which was enjoyed by the members and others.Among those who interacted with H.E. Satyabrata Pal included senator Nisar Memon, Dr.Khalida Ghaus and Mr. Ikram Sehgal.

Prof. Kishore Mahbubani

Dean Kuan Yew School of

Public Policy Singapore

who delivered a lecture on

Practice of Public Policy

Photographed with

office bearers and member

of KCFR

Under the re-structured setup of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs& Law, a new executive committee of KCFR was elected at the 3rd annual general bodymeeting of the Council held on June 09, 2007.

The new body consists of the following.

1. Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M) ChairmanFormer Governor Sindh

2. Capt. Haleem A. Siddiqui Co-ChairmanFormer Federal Minister

3. Mr. S.K. Dehlavi Vice ChairmanFormer Ambassador of Pakistan Foreign Relations

4. Mr. Najam I. Chaudhri Vice ChairmanChartered Accountant Economic Affairs

5. Mr. Liaquat H. Merchant Vice ChairmanBar at Law & Advocate LawSupreme Court of Pakistan

6. Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi Secretary GeneralManaging Trustee, SAARC Health & CEOCare Foundation of Pakistan


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7. Capt. Anwar Shah Joint SecretaryFormer Director General Ports & Shipping/Govt. of Pakistan

In addition to above office bearers, following were elected as members of the ExecutiveCommittee.

1. Ambassador (Retd.) Mansoor Alam2. Prof. Dr. Khalida Ghaus3. Dr. Asghar Sheikh Nasir4. Mr. Sultan A. Chawla5. Cdre. (Retd.) Sadeed A. Malik

It was also decided that Justice (R) Saeed uz Zaman Siddiqui, former Chief Justice willbe the Patron of KCFR.


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GEO-POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE REGIONAND THE PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY

Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law celebrated its third anniversarywith country’s prime celebrity Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri, the then Foreign Minister ofPakistan. The subject on which Mr. Kasuri addressed the KCFR members, other city intellectualsand diplomats was “Geo-Political Environment in the Region and The Pakistan Foreign Policy”.

KASURI’S ADDRESS TO KCFR

Address by Former Minister Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri

enormous and profound and world - wide transformation. Scientific & technological progresshas accompanied humankind in their entire historical development. We believe that it is thebasis of the gradual quantitative changes of the productive forces which at a certain historicalpoint brought about a revolution in production relations. From a historical perspective, itappears necessary to stress that in ancient times and partly in the middle ages, the centersof scientific and technical progress were outside Europe and that the present gap in thetechnical and scientific levels of development is a phenomenon of modern age.

The mostly gradual quantitative development of scientific and technical progress in the wholehistory gave way to such a kind of development which brought about fundamental and allround changes in the system of productive forces. This was the case finally especially in the18th and 19th centuries as the industrial revolution led to large scale industry with modernmachines and as a consequence, social structures of the present - day.

2. Such a kind of qualitative changes is now taking place in the structure and dynamics of thesocial productive forces. New and complicated productive forces are being involved in theproduction process. Qualitative changes are taking place in technology, the content of workis undergoing fundamental changes and likewise the social division of labour is going throughsubstantial changes and last, but not least, there is the process of the deepening of'internationalization with far reaching consequences for the international division of labour andinternational economic life.

This development is mainly due to the fact that science has taken the lead in technicaldevelopment so that it is transforming itself into a productive force and facilitates humankindto assume a completely new position in the immediate production process. All these involveconditions which emerged in the last hundred years in science and technology and their materialand technical bases. Since fundamental changes were initiated in the development of theproductive forces with far-reaching consequences for all aspects of social life. We speaktherefore of a scientific and technical revolution.


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DR. A.S. NASIREditor, The Vision and Member of Executive Committee KCFR

The world is entering a new age - the age of total industrialization. Somecountries are far along the road, many more are just beginning the journey.But every where, at a faster or slower a pace, the peoples of the world areon the March Towards industrialism. They are launched on a long coursethat is certain to change their communities into new and vastly differentsocieties cannot yet be clearly foreseen. The 21st century is a century of

PAKISTAN AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HOW FAR NEED TOEMBRACE SCIENTIFIC - TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE

By

3. Here, one has to under line particularly the role of microelectronics. As a key technologyis leading to considerable changes in many sectors of production and reproduction of individualand social life and has raised both hopes and profound disquiet. The possibilities of regulatingand steering complicated processes it offers, the immense potentialities in raising socialproductivity of labour offers new profits for scientific and technical progress. Is this also trueof developing countries? Can scientific progress contribute effectively to surmountingbackwardness in the former colonial and semi-colonial world. But the introduction ofmicroelectronics is only one element in the fast changes in the system of productive forces.A wide horizon is also in prospect by the development of biotechnology, the search for newsources of energy, the conquest of space, the introduction of new information and communicationsystems,. the production of new materials and others.

The initial effects of the transformation in the productive forces have shown to be prolongedstructural crisis, chronic unemployment and growing social insecurity. It is reckoned that infuture about two-thirds of the industrial production in developing countries will be influencedby microelectronics in one way or another.

4. This is of enormous significance for socio-economic progress in developing countries. Inthe sector of microelectronics some developing countries are already being confronted bycertain changes in the production centers of economy. The electronics industry in Taiwan,South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines and Malaysia is export-dependentto a great extent (70 to 90 percent) and employs more than 700,000 workers.

Its development is determined in a far-reaching way by the international monopolies, thechanges in the economic structure in developed industrial countries and by the varying"cheapness" of the labour force in individual developing countries. In the second half of' theseventies there was a sharp decline in the growth of production of electronic parts outsidethe developed countries.

5. The response of the developing countries to these and other qualitative changes in theproductive forces is not to he found in the kind and direction of scientific and technologicalprogress but is to be sought in the social conditions which have to be created for theirutilization like the social motive forces which orientate the ‘internal logics’ of scientific andtechnical development to a certain extent.

The introduction of a new technology effects can be determined by social components withina definite frame. Thus, microelectronics is being developed mainly by the drive in the armsrace. On the other side its contribution from results of green revolution, plant breeding alsoevident from the developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering. It is especially inthese areas that one sees immense potentialities in development for developing countries. Indeveloping countries enormous amounts of biomass can he produced because of the climaticconditions in many cases. There are huge resources of unknown micro-organisms and utilizationhas still not begun and finally the technologies used are simple and cheap in comparison withnuclear energy. This does not apply to research which is under the control of monopolies in


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the world economy. Even in these cases social decisions are inevitable. Without an overallsocial policy in this area of biological resources, fresh social conflicts cannot be avoided. Theexisting arable area can be used both for food production as well as for the production of fuel(alcohol) or as a basis of other developments in organic chemistry.

6. A discussion on the influence of the scientific and technical revolution for the future ofdeveloping countries involves difficulties in content and methodology. Developing countriesare only at the beginning of a process of rapid and vast change is the productive forces. Ourconclusions are based on experiences made in developed scientific and technical structures.One can therefore not dispute the particular and historical uniqueness of certain issues ofscientific and technical development for developing countries. There are, for example, noexperiences in the global ecological consequences of clearing vast tropical forests for economicexploitation like the one in the Amazon basin.

The uniqueness and the independence cannot be used as an argument to deny the laws ofsocial progress and realize in developing countries a different kind of life which is based on asoft craft production with a small-scale technique and a technology with pleasant workingconditions. Romantics who recommend such a thing seek in technology something which canonly be found in changes in the social structure. Craft production, i.e. simple production canbe just as inimical, injurious to health and depressive as modern capitalist production.Independence can only imply formulating specific economic problems and developing ones'sown social and institutional motive forces for their solution. Obviously, it is a task faced bythe political forces. One has to include the particular responsibility of science and sciencepolicy in developing countries.

7. That is why the issue of the conditions of the access to knowledge of science and moderntechnology, the kind and the way they are applied and the possibilities of influencing them aswell as the directions of development of scientific-technical progress are increasingly becominga key question.

Most developing countries are faced with insuperable difficulties to formulate and implementtheir own technology and science policy which is necessary to realize national economicobjectives. This is just as true of realizing these economic objectives as of evaluating individualprojects. As is known, in order to evaluate a project one requires, at least, the same engineeringabilities as for the designing.

Besides, especially the relatively developed countries sustain losses through brain drain, i.e.,the continuous flow of technical and scientific persons chiefly to the US, Canada and GreatBritain. This outflow is weakening the scientific and technical potential and leads to drainingthe national wealth which has been invested for their entire training. The loss is particularlyheavy as a result of the policy and lack of R & D operation in developing countries.

8. A strategy and show of developing to entire of the scientific and technical elite of developingcountries to stay our in their own countries would need to look at by the donors.


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(i) the transfer of technology is in some way always linked to social conditions and withthe scientific-technical progress apparently neutral, the capitalist relations as well asthe mode of thinking and behaviour can be stimulated and transplanted there,

(ii) permanent dependencies can be created by a wide gap which is maintained in thescientific and technical levels whether it be in the area of supplies of materials andspares, product development or in sales and therefore a relatively stable and expandingmarkets can be created for the international monopolies;

(iii) profit can be made here again for the R & D expenditures which have in most casesbeen amortized already.

It is difficult to classify this or that type of technology under technological development andpolicy towards developed countries. A sober analysis of very different elements is necessarybecause development and in a contradictory in various sectors of the economy and society.It cannot be derived directly from the technological level or the kind of production or theindividual commercial terms but sterns directly and indirectly from the overall technical,economic, commercial, social and political connections in which the forms of cooperation areestablished, in the way agreements are made and in their realization.

Thus, it may appear in the area where an offer of the most modern technology is made orlinked to the area where there is a refusal of supply of modern technology. It stems objectivelyfrom the overall policy towards developing countries and their subjection to the laws of theworld economy.

Technical neo-colonialism has mainly its concentration and centralization of research tied tothe monopolies, in the development of information especially in the dynamic areas of productionand services, in the branches and subsidiaries of monopolies through patents, trade marks,etc.

9. A book appeared in 1973 by E.F. Schumacher entitled “Small is beautiful” in which developingcountries are urged to develop an alternative technology that is between a most modern anda primitive technology. It is supposed to be characterized by smelliness, simplicity, cheapnessand harmlessness and provide millions of people with food and jobs. As in all such cases, thiskind of conception involves real contradictions. In actual fact many technical developmentsare mainly decided by international monopolies. They have never met the specific needs ofdeveloping countries in any way.

The underlying issue is the role of science and technology in a progressive social strategy toovercome economic backwardness and one-sided dependence. Non-Marxist ideas in this areasare marked by pessimism and the so-called technological determinism proceed directly froma socially derived connection between science and technical development and the emergenceor solution of social problems.


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A certain scientific and technical development does not immediately raise social problems justas it does not solve them. Certain social consequences emerge only in a definite social structure.This means that on the one hand the same or similar developments under varying socialconditions will have different social consequences; on the other hand, technical developmentsor their directions are stimulated or impeded by the given social motive forces of a givensociety. The risk of an additionally promoted unemployment in some developing countries isdue chiefly to capitalist industrialization which is oriented to the interests of internationalmonopolies. Contradictions that crop in developing countries, are therefore not caused bymicrochips or microprocessors but by the deformed structure of industrialization. With thisin view progressive forces therefore require the observance of the unity of technical and socio-economic processes, necessity for implementing economic strategy, the realization of a radicalsocio-economic transformation and a science strategy and a technology policy that are orientedto the national needs. Further, without a conscious management and planning of scientific andtechnical progress a phenomenon like shortening the cycle of the development of an innovationup to its adoption in production, as one can see in recent years, cannot be achieved. This isalso true of changes in the structure of skills of manpower. Here, one can discern the possibilitieswide open in scientific and technical progress.

The use of microelectronics can lead to reducing considerably the consumption of materialand energy, the process of reducing the optimum lots by facilitating greater flexibility and theinformation technology can help in reducing the costs of literacy. Genetic engineering can leadto completely new properties in animals and plants. We are now in the realm of possibilitieswhen new varieties of plants can be raised which like the leguminous plants have the propertyof assimilating nitrogen in the soil. This will not only influence to a considerable extent theagriculture of developing counties but also help improve their import structure by reducingthe import of fertilizers and ease the energy load in the production of fertilizers and thereare other examples that can be cited. All these show that technology and science are increasinglyin a position to make an effective contribution to solving the profound contradictions ofdeveloping countries provided that the requisite social conditions are created.

One cannot expect too much of them. Their efficiency and effectiveness requires a socialstrategy oriented to the distant future, using all the possibilities which allow the extensivemeans of production and utilizing the creative potentialities of and by the management andplanning. If they are not utilized for document the achievements of science and technologywill remain limited, lead to unbearable burden on the working people, sharpen the socialcontradictions as well as intensify exploitation by international monopolies. In the last analysisthey can become unimaginable destructive means by their misuse for military purposes andquestion the survival of humanity. Even now it would be possible to solve relatively quicklymany burning issues of developing countries by scientific and technical developments, providedthe peace-loving forces succeed in putting an end to the escalation in the arms race and usethe immense potentialities thus released for the prosperity of the entire human race. For this,we need the joint efforts of all peace-loving forces.


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"O people! Verily your blood, your property and your honor are sacred and inviolable untilyou appear before your Lord, as this day and this month is sacred for all. Verily you will meetyour Lord and you will be held answerable for your actions.

O people! Fear Allah concerning women. Verily you have taken them on security of Allah andhave made their persons lawful unto you by words of Allah! Verily you have got certain rightsover your women and your women have certain rights over you.

And your slaves! See that you feed them with such food as you eat yourselves; and cloth themwith the clothes that you yourselves wear. And if they commit a fault, which you are notinclined to forgive, then part with them for they are the servants of Allah and are not to bechastised.

O people! Verily your Lord is one and your father is one. All of you belong to one ancestryof Adam and Adam was created out of clay. There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab; or for white over the black or the black over thewhite except in piety. Verily the noblest among you is he who is the most pious."

The concept of human right emerged, with the formation of nation states in the Europe. Thephilosopher and thinkers articulated the view that the political power came from the peopleand not from individual ruler. Although the principle of the social contract can be traced backto Plato it was in the 17th century that it began to emerge as a distinct concept. Grotius (1583- 1645) & Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) were the earliest writers who supported this view.But it is in later political philosopher that beginning of concern for human rights can be detected.It is for this reason that many writers on human right see John Locke (1632-1704) as thecentral figure. John Locke argued that individual enjoyed certain right in the state of naturebefore they entered civil society. Among these right were the right to life, liberty and property;when men entered into civil society they did not surrender these rights. According to Locke,men surrendered to the state the power of enforcement they did not surrender the rightsthemselves. John Locke expressed the view that exercise of governmental power dependedon respecting the term of contract between the rulers and the ruled. Later writer expandedon these general themes. Montesquieu (1689-1755) in his De L’Esprit des Lois identified theneed for balance in the exercise of governmental power and argued that sociological factorsinfluenced the content of positive laws. Voltaire (1689-1778) stressed for social and religious

ByJUSTICE (R) SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUI

Former Chief Justice of Pakistan & Founder Member / Patron of KCFRHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN RIGHTS.The first Charter of Human Rights was given to the mankind by Prophetof Islam Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) when he delivered his lastsermon on the occasion of Hajj at Arafat. The Prophet (S.A.) addressedthose who gathered there as follows:-

HUMAN RIGHTS - PAST & PRESENT


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tolerance and emphasized the need of individual to confront the problem of evil conduct inthe real world. Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) in his Du Contrat Social (1762) asserted thatindividual freedom and citizenship could only be secured by a social contract with the entirecommunity.

The 18th century thinkers exhibited a number of common features and the law of humanrights can be linked to their writings. A constant theme is the recognition that governmentis a necessary evil, that the role of government is to protect certain rights such as life, libertyand property and that the power of government should be limited to prevent oppression. Atthe end of 18th Century, political upheaval provided the opportunity to implement some ofthese ideas.

The leaders of the American Revolution were men well versed in 18th century politicalphilosophy. Thomas Jefferson was familiar with the work of Locke and Montesquieu and heattempted in the Declaration of Independence of 4th July 1776 to give practical effect to thetheories of limited government and natural rights. The second paragraph of the declarationread:

“We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed bytheir Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit ofhappiness.”

In similar terms, the leaders of the French Revolution drew up a Declaration of the Rightsof Man and the Citizen on 26th August 1789 which noted that "the aim of every political associationis the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible right of man " and it proceeds to identifythese rights as "Liberty, Property, Safety and Resistance to Oppression". Practical effect was givento these sentiments in the Bill of Rights of 1791 which, when annexed to the United StatesConstitution (1787), provided for freedom of belief, freedom of the press and freedom ofassembly; the two documents when read together give effect to the theories of Montesquieuon limited government and the opinion of Locke on natural rights. At the same time, in Europethe work of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) contained within them statements of principlesympathetic to the development of a distinct law of human rights.

HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS & TREATIESThe movement against slavery, which gathered pace in the 18th century, was an early attempton the international plane to promote human rights. The efforts to outlaw the slave tradegrew with the prohibition within the British Empire in 1807 and action against the slave tradewas provided for in the Treaty of Paris in 1814 and the Congress of Vienna on 1815. However,the trade itself proved resistant to treaty provisions and the matter was returned at thecongress of Berlin in 1885 and the Brussels Conference of 1890.

The adoption of the first Geneva Convention in 1864 marked the beginning of Internationalhumanitarian law. In short, in certain circumstances the treatment of the sick and the woundedwould become a matter of concern to international society. Article 25 of the Covenant of the


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League noted that:

The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and cooperation ofduly authorized voluntary national Red Cross organization having as purposes the improvement ofhealth, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world.

A third strand in the history of human right law concerns the treatment of minorities withinEurope. At the Treaty of Berlin (1878), Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia, Rumania and Turkeyall agreed to allow religious freedom to those within their boundaries. Matter were takenfurther in 1919, when it became clear that there were limits to the principles of self determinationand that in many circumstances, minorities would be included within state boundaries followingthe dissolution of' Austro Hungarian Empire Treaties were made for the protection of minoritieswith newly created states. A further development was that new members of the League madedeclaration on admission in respect of minorities as in the case of Finland (1921), Albania(1921), Lithuania (1922), Latvia (1923) and Iraq (1932).

It is common for a state to seek shelter under Art 2(7) of the UN Charter when its domesticconduct is subject of some criticism but such arguments do not normally prevail as it is amatter for the United Nations not the individual state to determine whether a matter is"essentially domestic". It is not permissible for a state that has voluntarily entered into humanrights treaties to prey in aid its domestic jurisdiction when faced with an individual petitionor a hostile report from a human right body. It is well accepted that international action canbe taken if the abuses of domestic jurisdiction cause regional insecurity. Thus, in respect ofhuman rights violation a state will not normally be able to prey in aid the provisions of itsdomestic law, however, the status of the state and the nature of the violation may determinethe response of international community.

REMEDIES AGAINST HUMAN RIGHT ABUSESBroadly, the approach is to recognize that human rights are universal in scope but that, inappropriate cases, allowance must be made for historical, cultural and religious factors. Theposition was clearly stated in Chapter 1, Para 5, of the "Vienna Declaration and Programmeof Action" issued following the Second United Nation Conference on Human Rights held inVienna in June 1993. The relevant paragraph reads:

"All human rights are universal, indivisible and independent and interrelated. The internationalcommunity must treat human beings globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, andwith the same emphasis. While the significance of national and regional peculiarities and varioushistorical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind, it is the duty of States, regardlessof their political, economic and cultural systems, to promote and protect all human rights andfundamental freedoms.

The United Nation Charter (1945) contains a number of references to human rights. Themost significant references are contained in Article 55, which provides that the United Nationsshall promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms


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for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion". This is then followed by Article56, which stipulates that:

All Members pledge themselves to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the organizationfor the achievement of the purposes set forth in Article 55.

Therefore, a state that violates human right cannot hide behind the assertion of territorialsovereignty relying on the Art 2(7) of UN Charter. There are a wide range of treaty provisionsin force that broadly provide for a threefold method of enforcement, namely, state reporting,inter state complaints and individual applications. It is now widely accepted that the grossestabuses of human rights constitute breaches of customary international law. Many of theinternational instruments have established Committees charged with handling specific casesbut also with issuing general guidance as to how the principles are to be observed. There areincreasing numbers of NGOs and sympathetic government ready to draw the attention of theworld community to cases of abuse. The system of human rights enforcement has developedconsiderably on the regional plane and the recent establishment of an International CriminalCourt at The Hague has increased the likelihood of prosecution in the most serious cases.

There are increasing signs that in criminal and civil action brought before municipal courtssuch courts are not prepared to accept that a plea of immunity from jurisdiction can be enteredin respect of serious allegations of human rights abuses. While each of the methods ofinternational enforcement has something to commend them, there can be little doubt thatthe surest way of observance is for each state to operate within a constitutional frameworkthat protects basic human rights and provides for their enforcement in municipal courts.Despite these international safeguards against violation of human rights; the independentHuman Rights Associations throughout the world have reported serious human rights violationswith impunity in Iraq, Afghanistan, Palestine, and Kashmir by States which claim to be championsof democracy and human rights.

HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER THE CONSTITUTIONS OF PAKISTANPakistan was created as a sovereign and independent state on l 14th August 1947. The creationof Pakistan was indeed the culmination of a long, arduous and somewhat bloody, but thoroughlyconstitutional struggle, by the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent for a separate homeland.Since the struggle for Pakistan was grounded in legal and constitutional norms, and the meansemployed were peaceful, the country ultimately had a legal birth.

Pakistan has had 60 years of existence. Since independence, there have been several ups anddowns in the life of this nation. The process of political evolution and constitutional rule wasnot consistent. There occurred 4 breakdowns in which the constitutions were either abrogatedor suspended. The Judiciary of Pakistan played an active role in the political developments andthrough its ruling and judgments sought to build bridges, so as to bring the country back todemocratic dispensation and constitutional rule. The three Constitutional documents underwhich the Country was governed during the last 60 years e.g., the Constitution of 1956, theConstitution of 1962 and the Constitution of 1973, each contained a Chapter of Fundamental


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Rights which embodied all the internationally recognized basic human rights. The 1973Constitution, which is presently in force in the Country, contained these rights in Chapter IPart II. Article 9 to 28 deals with the Fundamental Right. These rights are: Security of life andliberty; Safeguards against arrest and detention; Prohibition against slavery and forced labor;protection against retrospective punishment; Protection against double punishment; Inviobilityof dignity of man and privacy of home; Freedom of movement; Freedom of assembly; Freedomof Association; Freedom of trade, business or profession; Freedom of speech; Freedom toprofess religion and to manage religious institution; safeguard against taxation for purposesof any particular religion; Safeguards as to educational institution in respect of religion; Rightto hold and dispose of property; Protection of property rights; Equality of citizens before law;Non discrimination in respect of access to public places; Safeguards against discrimination inservices on the ground of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth; and safeguardsfor preservation of language script and culture.

For enforcement of the fundamental rights guaranteed under the Constitution and to protectand provide relief against violation of these rights, the Provincial High Courts are conferredpower under Article 199 of the Constitution to issue writs in the nature of Habeas Corpus,certiorari and mandamus against the state functionaries. Apart from it the Constitution of1973 makes a special provision conferring jurisdiction on the Supreme Court to entertain aproceeding directly if it involves a question of public importance with reference to theenforcement of Fundamental Rights. Despite these comprehensive provisions in the Constitutionproviding safeguards against violations of human rights and an effective machinery to deal withthese violations the situation of human rights prevailing in the country are not very enviable.The reports in the print and electronic media during last 4 or five years are replete withincidents of gross violation of Articles 9 and 10 of the Constitution on which the superiorcourts have expressed their dissatisfaction from time to time. Recently the Supreme Courtof Pakistan took up cases of missing persons and ordered release of some of them found inunlawful custody of agencies. The Human Right Commission of Pakistan has listed about 300such missing persons in the custody of the law enforcing agencies but the agencies have deniedtheir custody. It is indeed alarming that the custody of the recently released persons was alsodenied by the agencies in the first instance but when pressed by the Court the agencies notonly admitted their custody but also released them. It is equally unfortunate that the responseof civil society in Pakistan to such incidents has been lukewarm. It is time that the human rightbodies in Pakistan and members of the civil society resolve to maintain constant vigil and worktogether to protect against the violation of human rights by state functionaries.

JUSTICE ® SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUIFORMER CHIEF JUSTICE OF PAKISTAN

Material consulted: Life of Mohammad (S.A.) by Abdul Hameed Siddiqui; United Nation Charter,Constitution of Pakistan, 1956, Constitution of Pakistan 1962; Constitution of Pakistan 1973- Constitution of Pakistan by Ahmer Fazeel; Introduction to International Law by J.G. Strake;International Law by John O'Brien.

MAY NEXT YEAR WILL SEE KARACHI’S BIGGEST PUBLIC EVENT


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May Day 2008 will not be a holiday but will instead be a day of extreme toil for the organizingcommittee of KCFR and Pegasus Consultancy - a leading event management company aseveryone will be sweating to fine tune the arrangements for the first ever Karachi InternationalTrade Show 2008 (KITS-2008) scheduled to commence at Karachi Expo Centre on May 3,to continue till May 6, 2008.

Born as a brain child of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relation, Economic Affair & Law,Pegasus Consultancy, with the support of Govt. of Sindh and the City District GovernmentKarachi has adopted the upbringing of this baby to grow up as a grand show in the megapolisof Karachi with the prime objective of gaining recognition to the city as an international centrefor trading, cultural expositions and investment friendly place.

The idea of KITS-2008 was first made public at the KCFR’s seminar on Expansion of SAARC:Prospects & Challenges held at Karachi on November 12, 2007. Members and observercountries of SAARC have expressed their interest for participation in a big way while indicationto this effect has also come forth from several other countries like Russian Union, Turkey,Thailand, Jordan, Syria, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia etc. The showof course would be strengthened by Pakistani companies, export houses, local representativesof foreign products and services as well as the allied corporations and departments of thefederal provincial and city governments.

KITS-2008 will not be a simple exhibition but a big show where cultural gala nights, foodfestivals and fun area for the visitors will be added attractions to their enjoyment and shopping.

KITS - 2008

(Sirajuddin, Editor The Vision)

SAARC COUNTRIES DIPLOMATS SPENT BUSY DAY


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High Commissioners and Ambassadors from SAARC member and observer countries who

came to attend the SAARC Seminar organized by KCFR on the evening of November 12,

2007 spent a busy day in Karachi in the forenoon.

The group consisted of H.E. Satyabrata Pal, High Commissioner of India, H.E. Dr. W.B.

Dorakumbure, High Commissioner of Sri Lanka, H.E. Anwar Anwer Zai, Ambassador of

Afghanistan, H.E. Allama Siddiki acting High Commissioner of Bangladesh together with Chinese

Consul General in Karachi Mr. Chen Shanmin, Iranian Consul General Mr. Masoud Mohammad

Zamani and Korean Consul General Mr. Suk Chul Chang. They were accompanied by Chairman

KCFR Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M), Vice Chairman Mr. Najam I. Chaudhri and

Secretary General Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi in their day long activities in Karachi.

The day started with visit to Mazar-e-Quaid to lay floral wreath followed by a call on City

Nazim Syed Mustafa Kamal where a presentation on the development work in the city of

Karachi was given to the excellencies and honorable visitors. Later the group called on

Governor of Sindh Dr. Ishratul Ibad Khan where matters of mutual interest between SAARC

member and observer countries were discussed. Welcoming the group, Governor Sindh

expressed satisfaction over the progress and co-operation between SAARC countries and

hoped that the process would gather momentum.

In the afternoon a lunch was hosted in honour of excellencies by Karachi’s most popular

political party i.e. MQM where one of the front line leaders of the party Dr. Farooq Sattar

briefed the dignitaries about the enhanced peace process his party under the able guidance

of party chief, founder and Quaid-e-Tehreek Altaf Hussain is striving for which has yielded

encouraging results.

EXPANSION OF SAARC: PROSPECTS & CHALLENGESKCFR bids farewell to 2007 with a thought provoking seminar


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The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) is in its third decade andthe Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law (KCFR) has just completedits third year. It was perhaps the most important of all programs on November 12, 2007 whenKCFR organized an excellent event - a seminar on SAARC : Prospects & Challenges at a highprofile hotel in Karachi. Again, it was perhaps the only seminar organized by a NGO in Karachiwhich attracted besides local diplomats, as many as six heads of foreign missions to sit togetherunder one roof to deliberate on the subject.

The deliberations started with a welcome address of Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, SecretaryGeneral & CEO of KCFR in which he indicated the profound influences of modern trends andtechnological developments on economy and thus on foreign relations every country isconfronted with. Mr. Zubairi, giving a brief account of the activities of KCFR mentioned inparticular the two mega projects. The first one is Karachi International Trade Show 2008(KITS-2008) to be held at Karachi Expo Centre from 3-6 May 2008 for which interest frommost of the SAARC and ASEAN member countries has been hinted. The second one is theestablishment of SAARC Medical College and General Hospital in Karachi.

Speaking on the rich history, cultural diversity and heritage and picturesque tourist resorts,Mr. Zubairi said that despite this strength of SAARC member countries and the gross cumulativeincome of 3 trillion, they contribute merely one percent of world production. The situationtherefore calls for concerted efforts on part of all SAARC member countries individually andcollectively to increase trade, investment and production.

(Report by : Sirajuddin, Editor The Vision)

Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M), Chairman KCFR,who presided over the seminar is addressing the concluding session.

The Indian High Commissioner H.E. Mr. Satyabrata Pal in his statistically studded presentation,focused on the improvement by SAARC countries in agriculture and agro related works andindustry. This he said, is badly affected due to migration of rural farmers to urban area anduse of traditional farming methods instead of switching over to scientific farming. He said thatthe practice of drip irrigation not being adopted to in SAARC region results into hugeconsumption of water which should be a matter of concern for us.

Mr. Masood Khalid, Additional Secretary for Asia-Pacific region in Pakistan’s Foreign Ministryrecalled the structural formation of SAARC which was founded on the shared desire topromote peace, stability and progress in the region. He stressed upon collective efforts forthe elevation of standard of living of people in the region through collaboration in scientific,industrial, economic, cultural and other areas of interest.

H.E. Allama Siddiki, acting High Commissioner of Bangladesh said that interaction betweenmasses of SAARC countries was imperative for the promotion of inter-regional developmentin all fields, the absence of which so-far could not bring about the results envisioned in SAARCcharter.

Afghanistan is the latest addition to SAARC member countries. Its Ambassador H.E. Mr. AnwarAnwer Zai disclosed that his country has recently introduced liberal and investment friendlylaws in order to resolve the existing socio-economic problems caused by the terrible thirtyyears of wars and chaos. With promise to be an active member of SAARC, the AfghanAmbassador said that his country is prepared to allow the important road and railway link


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Group Photograph of participating Heads of Diplomatic Missions and KCFR Office Bearers, Prominent are(L-R) Mr. Masoud Mohammad Zamani. Dr. W.B. Dorakumbure, Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Dr. Khalida Ghaus,H.E. Satyabrata Pal, Lt. Gen (R) Moinuddin Haider, Mr. Masood Khalid, H.E. Anwar Anwar Zai, Mr. Khaga NathAdhikari & Allama Siddiki

to SAARC countries connecting them to Central Asian Republics as a corridor for transit ofgoods as well as energy transmission.

H.E. Mr. Khaga Nath Adhikari, Charge de Affairs of Nepal, the country where SAARCHeadquarter exists, said that despite poor literacy rate, poverty, poor health conditions causedby malnutrition, frequent outbreak of epidemics, lack of resources etc, he was optimistic aboutthe future of SAARC.

Others who spoke on the occasion included Sri Lankan High Commissioner H.E. Dr. W.B.Dorakumbure, Consul General of Peoples Republic of China Mr. Chen Shanmin, Iranian ConsulGeneral Mr. Masoud Mohammad Zamani and Korean Consul General Mr. Suk Chul Chang.The consensus of their speeches was the dire need to develop SAARC to the optimum levelas built into its charter.

Lt. Gen (Retd.) Moinuddin Haider, Chairman KCFR who also chaired the seminar, in hispresidential address stressed the need for focused working by SAARC member countries inorder to achieve better social, cultural and economic development through co-operation andinterdependence on each others expertise and experience. This, he said, will not only bringabout peace and prosperity in the region but also the tertiary advantage of higher literacy andpoverty alleviation.

Precious gifts were presented to the senior diplomats by a popular businessmen, educationist,philanthropist and life member of KCFR Mr. Khalil Ahmad Nainitalwala. Later special mementoswere also presented to the participating diplomats on behalf of KCFR by its ChairmanLt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M).


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At the very outset, Mr. Kasuri admitted that the government was facing criticism from variousquarters on Pakistan’s policy configuration with India, China, USA and Afghanistan butperceptional differences do vary and it is also not necessary that these perceptions may notbe the same as those of the government. He said that India has always been an importantname on the list of concerns for Pakistan. With Kashmir issue unsettled for over half a century,we should nevertheless learn to live peacefully with a strong neighbour eliminating entry intoan arms race by investing in areas of mutual development and benefit rather than destruction.This course, said Kasuri, demands setting aside the contentious issues for some time and geton with the much needed development and normalization of relations by promoting peopleto people contacts.

Mr. Kasuri said that India and Pakistan both have realized that the key to success and economicdevelopment lies in conflict resolution and not conflict continuation. India Pakistan trade isgradually registering increase and it is fairly estimated that by 2010 the trade volume wouldbe of the order of $10 billion.

On travelling and transit Mr. Kasuri admitted that certain difficulties are being experienced

Saudi Consul General H.E. Dr. Hasan Abdul Rasheed Al-Attarpresenting a precious print of Noble Quran to Pakistan’s (Former) Minister for

Foreign Affairs Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri

for want of visa offices in Karachi and Mumbai, and the slow and intermittently disturbedKhokrapar-Munabao railway link but these problems, he said, were not political but of technicalnature, solution to which would be found out.


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On Pak-Afghan relations, Mr. Kasuri stated it to be a matter of great concern. Pakistan at theone hand has to deploy ninety thousand troops alongside the border to check unauthorizedintrusion and on the other spending heavily on the 2.4 million Afghan refugees in Pakistan. Apeaceful and stable Afghanistan is therefore in the interest of Pakistan much as it is for theAfghans themselves.

Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri photographed with senior diplomatsand principal office bearers of KCFR

On Pak-China relationship Mr. Kasuri said that it is all weather time tested friendship. PeoplesRepublic of China has been tested friendship. Peoples Republic of China has been a greatsource of support in the technological and economic development of Pakistan. He cited variousinstances of Pak China joint ventures whereby Pakistan is receiving the appropriate technologyfor its socio-economic development.

Mr. Kasuri in his address, touched upon certain points regarding Pak-US relations as well ason Pakistan’s stance on fighting against terrorism. He conceded that problems exist but Pakistanhas resorted to intelligently designed remedial measures to weed out terroism from its soil.

The third anniversary was marked by the cutting of a cake and giving mementos for theprofessional excellence of some KCFR members; the recipients being Mr. Dewan YousufFarooqui, Mr. Moin Fudda, Kazi Asad Abid, Mr. Liaquat A. Merchant, Mr. S.M. Muneer andMr. Arif Sulaiman.


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Afghan, Nepalese and Sri Lankan Ambassadors addressing at the seminar

Group photograph

of diplomats of

KCFR office bearers

at a dinner hosted in

honour of SAARC

delicates to seminar

Audience attending

the seminar

PHOTO GLIMPSES OF SAARC SEMINAR


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The genesis of the Society can be traced to the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations which

was addressed by His Excellency General Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan and its

information on the web inspired Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, now the Secretary General &

CEO of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs & Law, to make a council

on the same LINES. He found many intellectuals in the city agreeing with him. They all felt

that there was a need for such a society which would not only be beneficial for Pakistan but

for many other countries. For one thing there was a need for such a forum. As such 17 persons

who are known as the founding members of Karachi Council got together and after long

deliberations formed the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law.

The bye-laws were drawn. The Council was formally inaugurated at Marriott Hotel, Karachi

on 10th May, 2003.

The Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs & Law is a non-profit international

organization in Pakistan and serves the community in Pakistan and of Karachi through diversified

programming. The Karachi Council provides members with specialized group and the general

public with a forum for the consideration of significant international issues and their bearing

on Pakistan's foreign policy. It is a forum at which Pakistani and foreign scholars can present

the results of their research and study.

ORIGIN OF THE SOCIETY

I N T R O D U C T I O N


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LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ONFOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW

LIFE MEMBERSSr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation

MR. AZIZ MEMONChairman, King GroupTel # 5867771-6 Lines Dir # 5872368Fax # 5872364 Mobile # 0300-8259595

MR. DEWAN MOHAMMAD YOUSUF FAROOQUIChief Executive, Dewan Farooq Motors Limited,Tel # 5205244 Dir # 5204604Fax # 5630814 Res # 5857861-63

MR. SHABBIR BURHANIC.E.O., Ruhi EnterprisesTel # 5832327 Fax # 5375257 Mob # 0300-8222390

MR. ARSHAD FAROOQChief Executive, Arshad Amjad & Abid (Pvt.) Ltd.,Tel # 4542112-5 Fax # 4545871

SYED IQBALUDDIN GHAZIChief Executive, Sun Consulting (Pvt.) LimitedTel # 4532413, 111-925-925Fax # 4559838 Mobile # 0300-8206745

SYED S. HAIDERPresident & CEO, Century 21 USATel # 5821771 - 15 Lines 111 00 21 21Fax # 5835755 Mobile # 0300-9219217

MR. MOHAMMAD BASHIR JANMOHAMMAEDChairman, Westbury Group of CompaniesTel # 2412265-66 Fax # 2416791

MR. MUHAMMAD ALI TABBAChief Executive, Lucky Cement LimitedTel # 2438583, 111-786-555 Fax # 4534302

MR. RAFIQ RANGOONWALAChief Executive Officer, Gray Mackenzie Restaurants Int'lTel # 5877976 Fax # 5877998

MR. SIKANDER LALANIMember, Canadian Society of Immigration ConsultantsLalani & AssociatesTel # 4389311-4 Fax # 4389315

MR. SULTAN AHMED CHAWLAChief Executive Officer, Barque CorporationTel # 5687820, 5676924 Fax # 5687716

SARDAR YASIN MALIKChairman, Hilton PharmaTel # 111-123-000 Fax # 111-124-000

DR. SHAHZAD ARSHADDirector, Rauf Apparels (Pvt) Ltd.Tel # 2354345 Fax # 2354346 Res: 4534299

MR. AHMED JAMIL ANSARIChairman, Interglobe Commerce Pak. (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 5871057 Fax # 5862285 (Res) 5850509

MR. S.M. MUNEER S.I.Chairman, Din Group of CompaniesTel # 561-0004

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MR. HUSAIN J. SHERIFFC.E.O., Meshe InternationalTel # 5389330-5389334 Fax # 5887502Mobile # 0300-8234599

MR. MASOOD NOORANIChairmanNew Jubilee Insurance Co., Ltd.Tel # 5683843 Fax # 5683858 Res # 5887192

MR. SHARJEEL MEMONManaging Director, Marvi Property NetworkTel # 5824341-5, 5878020-3 Fax # 5820092

MR. ARIF SULEMANC.E.O, GSA Etihad Crystal Cargo & Hony TradeAdvisor to Govt. of ThailandTel # 4544277 - 111-111-304 Fax # 4553359

DR. TARIQ M. AZIZConsultant Eye Surgeon, Advance Eye ClinicTel # 4540999 Fax # 4310007

MR. KHALIL AHMED NAINITALWALAChairman, Medicam Group Of CompaniesTel # 4536424-30 Fax # 4531717/4557379Res # 4947546

MR. RAZA HUSSAIN BANDE ALISr. Executive Vice President, Soneri Bank LimitedTel # 2446823, 2439562-67Fax # 2430639 & 2439561 Res # 4940995

MR. SHOIAB AHMED FARIDIChairman, Dynamic Logistic Int'l (Pvt.) Ltd.,Tel # 111-718-718 Fax # 4546109Res # 5877523-24

MR. KALIM FAROOQUIManaging Director, Technology Links (Pvt) LtdTel # 2734260 - 61 Fax # 2730728

MR. IKRAM-UL-MAJEED SEHGALChairman, Security & Management Servies (Pvt) Ltd.Tel # 5843502 Fax # 5843416

MR. ZARRAR SEHGALPartner, Clifford Chance US LLPNew York, NY 10019, USATel # 001-212-8788 000

MR. ABDUL HASEEB KHANPresident, Brookes Pharmaceutical LaboratoriesTel # 5063596, 5053240 Fax # 5060505, 5053240

CAPT. HALEEM A. SIDDIQUIChairman, Marine Group of CompaniesTel # 2417933, 2400450-3 Fax # 2414492

MR. NAJAM I. CHAUDHRYTel # 2785497-8

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ASSOCIATE MEMBERSSr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation

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DR. ARIF ALVIAvli Dental HospitalTel # 4524371-72 Fax # 4313069

MR. A. A. M. MOHSINAdvocate & Tax ConsultantMohsin AssociatesTel # 5682750-5688469Fax # 5683135

MR. MOIN M. FUDDAHonorary Consul General of New ZealandOffice # 5656993-4 Res # 5866596Fax # 5861852

SYED FAROOQ HASSANHassan Associates (Pvt.) Ltd.,Tel # 5683044-5682739Fax # 5680969 - 5873977

MR. AFZAL MUNIFSr. PartnerMuniff Ziauddin & Co.Tel # 5375127-28-29 Dir 5375119Fax # 5820325 - 5820324

MR. A. B. SIDDIQUEManaging DirectorSTC (Pvt.) LimitedTel # 2634226-2634228 Fax # 2631883

SYED FARUKH MAZHARManaging DirectorSGS Pakistan (Pvt.) LimitedTel # 4540260 Fax # 4527249

MR. M. IQBAL SHEKHANIChief ExecutiveCulligan Water of PakistanTel # 2565911 Dir # 2568326Fax # 2565914

MR. ABBAS AKBERALIDirectorAMRELI STEELS (PVT.) LIMITEDTel # 2561150-54 Fax # 2561964

DR. ASGHAR SHEIKH NASIRFormer Country Director (UNDP)Tel # 5856350 Fax # 585634

MR. ADNAN ASADDirectorVenus DistributorsTel # 111-836-871 Fax # 2350330

MR. OBAID UR REHMAN KHANStudent (Political Science)Tel # 5381223 Fax # 5688602

MR. MOHAMMAD SALEEM KAPADIAFormer Senior Vice PresidentChamber of Commerce & IndustryTel # 2423245-46/ Dir # 2430898Fax # 2428628

MR. KAZI ASAD ABID, S.I.Chairman / Chief EditorIBRAT GROUP OF PUBLICATIONSTel # 4538862-3 Fax # 4543839

MAJOR GEN. (RETD.) M.A. VAHIDYTel # 9251006 / 5867000

MRS. PARVIN VAHIDYTel # 9251006 / 5867000

MRS. NASEEM LIAQUAT MERCHANTLiaquat Merchant AssociatesTel # 5835101-5835104

MR. HASAN JAMIL ANSARIInterglobe Commerce Pak. (Pvt.) Ltd.,Tel # 5871057 Fax # 5862285 (Res) 5850509

MR. NAEEM UDDIN BUTTHead of OperationKhanani & Kalia International (Pvt.) Ltd.,Tel # 111 554 003 Fax # 2217015

MR. JAWAID ILYASDirector, Brothers Trading CorporationTel 2421522, 2417891, 2421361 Fax 2418866

DR. KHURSHEED NIZAMPresident,E-Commerce Gateway Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 11 1-222-444 Mobile # 0300-8221582Fax # 4536330, 4385030

MR. ABDUL MAJEEDChairman, National Food (Pvt.) LimitedTel # 5671225 / 5662687 Fax # 5684870

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LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ONFOREIGN RELATIONS ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW

ASSOCIATE MEMBERSSr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation

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MR. RAFIQUE DAWOODChairman & C.E.O.,First Dawood Investment Bank Ltd.,Tel # 111-329-663 Fax # 2271912

MR. MIR NADIR ALIChief Executive, Century Insurance CompanyTel # 111-111-717 Fax # 5652898

MR. ABDUL MAJEEDChairmanAssociated Textile Consultant (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 5662687 Fax # 5684870

MR. ZAFAR MOTIChief Executive OfficerZafar Moti Capital Securities (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 2410307, 2460642 Fax # 2446536

CAPT. S. KAMAL HAIDERChief Executive,Fair Marine Surveyors (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 5361787 Fax # 5361786

CAPT. ANWAR SHAHC.E.O./Additional Secretary, DirectorGeneral Port & ShippingChairman Gawadar PortS S S GROUP OF COMPANIESTel # 4248865/2315971 Fax # 2314968

MR. MOHAMMAD IQBALChief Engineer - Merchant NavyTel # 4547321 (Res) Mob # 0300-2152692

MR. MOHAMMED A. RAJPARManaging DirectorGeneral Shipping Agencies (Pvt.) Ltd.Tel # 2850190 Fax # 2850185

MR. TARIQ SAUDDirector, Anwar Textile Mills Ltd.Tel # 5685454 Fax # 5658998

MR. MOHAMMAD AHMED ANSARIInterglobe Holding (Private) Ltd.Interglobe House,Tel # 5378328

MR. M. ILLYAS ANSARI B.A., F.C.AConsultantTel # 5864755, 5868193 Fax # 5865514

MAJ. GEN. (RETD) SIKANDAR HAYATChirman Sec/DgemeTel # 9203673 Cell # 0300-5529750

MS. SHAMIM ZAMANSocial Worker, Past President Rotary ClubTel # 5892823 Cell # 0333-2124000

PROF. DR. KHALIDA GHAUSManaging Director,Social Policy & Development CentreTel # 111-113-113 Fax # 4527363, 4534285

DR. SAYID RAFIQUE MUSTAFA SHAHExecutive Director, Larr Sugar Mills LimitedTel # 4545591-4 Fax # 4537720

MR. AKHTAR K. ALAVIAdvisor, EFU General Insurance Ltd.Tel # 2313471-90 Ext: 200 Fax # 2314784

DR. ZUBAIR AHMED MIRZAOrthopaedic SurgeonTel Dir # 4575838, 4580660

MR. GULZAR FIROZFeroz & CompanyTel # 5062200-01 Fax # 5062203

MS. AMEENA SAIYID O.B.E.Managing DirectorOxford University PressTel # 5050834

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FOUNDER MEMBERSSr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation


LT.GEN. (RETD.)MOINUDDIN HAIDER HI (M)Tel # 5862990 / Office: 5689243-44Fax # 5835076 - 5689212

JUSTICE (R.) HAZIQUL KHAIRITel Res # 5853429-5343660

AMBASSADOR (R) MANSOOR ALAMTel Res # 5869480 Office Fax # 5869206

MAJ. GEN. (RETD.)AHSAN AHMED H.I. (M)Tel Res # 5342546

MS. FARIHA RAZAK HAROONTel # 2630611 Ext: 2334 Farrukh Ext: 2337

CAPT. HALEEM A.SIDDIQUITel # 2413019- 2417933Res # 5898163 / 5887952 Fax # 2414492

MR. NAJAM I. CHAUDHRITel # 2419448-2426682-5Fax # 2415007-2427938

MR. SULTAN AHMEDTel # 5867364

(Late) S.H. HASHMI

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JUSTICE (R) SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUITel # : 5888047-5897681 Fax # : 5891379

MR. NAJMUDDIN A. SHAIKHTel: 021-586-0529 and 537-9599,051-2207474 (Islamabad)

MR. AHSAN MUKHTAR ZUBAIRITel #: 5661421, 5660446 Fax # 5680497

MRS. SHAHEEN SALAHUDDINTel Res # 4310027 Fax # 5693813

AMBASSADOR (RETD.)SULTAN MOHAMMAD KHANTel # 5855529 Fax # 5857914

AMBASSADOR (R) MEHDI MASOODTel # 5852404

AMBASSADOR (R) S. IQBAL HOSAINTel Res # 5845994

MR. LIAQUAT H. MERCHANTTel # 5835101-5835104 (R) 5844185-86Fax # 5835110 Mobile # 0300-2402102

AMBASSADOR (R)SAIDULLA KHAN DEHLAVITel Res # 5887760

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Chief Justice (Retd.) From Secretary General’s desk FOURTH ...

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