Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has...
-
Upload
claud-alexander -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
5
Transcript of Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has...
![Page 1: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chemistrythe study of the properties of matter and how
matter changes
Chemistrythe study of the properties of matter and how
matter changes
Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space.Substance – a single kind of matter that is pure. It has a specific composition and a specific set of properties.Examples: Table Salt, Table Sugar, and Baking Soda
Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space.Substance – a single kind of matter that is pure. It has a specific composition and a specific set of properties.Examples: Table Salt, Table Sugar, and Baking Soda
![Page 2: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Describing MatterDescribing Matter
Physical Properties - characteristics of a pure substance that can be observed
without changing it into another substance.
Examples: Change in Physical State, Texture, Color, Shape, Hardness,
Flexibility, Luster, etc.
Physical Properties - characteristics of a pure substance that can be observed
without changing it into another substance.
Examples: Change in Physical State, Texture, Color, Shape, Hardness,
Flexibility, Luster, etc.
![Page 3: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Physical PropertiesPhysical Properties
◊ Some Examples:◊ Some Examples:
![Page 4: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chemical Properties - a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Chemical Properties - a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
◊ Flammability (Combustion)◊ Ability to React (Oxidation/Tarnishing)◊ New Substances, New Properties
◊ Flammability (Combustion)◊ Ability to React (Oxidation/Tarnishing)◊ New Substances, New Properties
![Page 5: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chemical PropertiesChemical Properties
◊ Some examples◊ Some examples
![Page 6: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ElementsElements
◊ Element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means.
◊ Elements are represented by one or two letter symbols such as C for carbon, H for hydrogen, Fe for iron, and Cu for copper.
◊ Element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means.
◊ Elements are represented by one or two letter symbols such as C for carbon, H for hydrogen, Fe for iron, and Cu for copper.
![Page 7: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Particles of Elements - AtomsParticles of Elements - Atoms◊ Atom – the basic particle from which all
elements are made.◊ Atom – the basic particle from which all
elements are made.
![Page 8: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
When Atoms CombineWhen Atoms Combine
◊ Chemical bond – the force of attraction between two atoms.
◊ Molecules – groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
◊ Chemical bond – the force of attraction between two atoms.
◊ Molecules – groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
![Page 9: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CompoundsCompounds
◊ Compound – a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio.
◊ Chemical formula – shows the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms.
◊ Examples: H2O (water), NaCl (table salt)
CO2 (carbon dioxide), and
C12H22O11 (table sugar)
◊ Compound – a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio.
◊ Chemical formula – shows the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms.
◊ Examples: H2O (water), NaCl (table salt)
CO2 (carbon dioxide), and
C12H22O11 (table sugar)
![Page 10: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MixturesMixtures
◊ Mixture – made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined.
◊ Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties. Mixtures are not combined in a set ratio.
◊ Mixture – made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined.
◊ Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties. Mixtures are not combined in a set ratio.
![Page 11: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Heterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous Mixtures
◊ Heterogeneous mixture – a mixture in which you can see individual parts
◊ Examples:
◊ Heterogeneous mixture – a mixture in which you can see individual parts
◊ Examples:
![Page 12: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures
◊ Homogeneous mixtures – a mixture that is so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
◊ Examples:
◊ Homogeneous mixtures – a mixture that is so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
◊ Examples:
![Page 13: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ways to Separate MixturesWays to Separate Mixtures
◊ Use a magnet◊ Filter the mixture◊ Use distillation◊ Evaporation
◊ Use a magnet◊ Filter the mixture◊ Use distillation◊ Evaporation
![Page 14: Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Substance – a single kind of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3ea28/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Measuring MatterMeasuring Matter
◊ Mass - the amount of matter in an object
Units: g or kg◊ Volume - the amount of space matter
occupies. Units: L, mL, and cm3
◊ Density - the mass of a material in a given volume. (formula: mass/volume)
Units are g/mL or g/cm3
◊ Mass - the amount of matter in an object
Units: g or kg◊ Volume - the amount of space matter
occupies. Units: L, mL, and cm3
◊ Density - the mass of a material in a given volume. (formula: mass/volume)
Units are g/mL or g/cm3