Chemistry end of topic assessment C1.3 Metal Extraction ... recorded the results in a table. Volume...

Outwood Grange Academy

Chemistry end of topic assessment C1.3 Metal Extraction and C1a Review

Higher

Name________________________ Target Grade __________ Actual Grade __________


Q1. Limestone contains calcium carbonate, CaCO3

(a) The flow chart shows the stages in the limestone cycle.

Write the name of the correct calcium compound in each empty box to complete the flow chart.

(3)

(b) Limestone is heated with clay to make cement. Cement is mixed with sand to make mortar.

A student investigated the strength of six mortar mixtures. Each mortar mixture contained 100cm3 cement but each contained a different volume of sand.


To do the investigation the student:

• added and stirred water into each mortar mixture

• put each mixture into the same sized moulds

• left each mixture to set hard

• dropped a metal ball from increasing heights until the mortar cracked

• recorded the results in a table.

Volume of sand in cm3 Volume of cement in cm3

Height the metal ball was dropped from to crack the

mortar in cm

700 100 24

600 100 30

500 100 36

400 100 37

300 100 48

200 100 54

(i) What happens to the strength of the mortar as the volume of sand increases?

............................................................................................................... (1)

(ii) The student was worried about an anomalous result.

Which result was anomalous?

Volume of sand = ................. cm3

Explain why you have chosen this result.

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(c) The student repeated the investigation but used six concrete mixtures.

From the results the student concluded correctly that concrete was stronger than mortar.

Suggest one reason why concrete is stronger than mortar.

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........................................................................................................................ (1)

(Total 7 marks)


Q3.Metals are extracted from their ores.

Many copper ores contain only 2% of copper compounds.

(a) Copper is now extracted from ores containing a low percentage of copper compounds.

Suggest two reasons why.

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(b) Chalcocite, an ore of copper, contains copper sulfide.

The flow diagram shows how copper metal is extracted from chalcocite.

(i) Suggest one reason why it is difficult to dispose of the waste rock.

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(ii) The reaction in the furnace could cause environmental pollution. Explain how.

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(iii) The extraction of pure copper is expensive. Give one reason why.

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(iv) Pure copper is produced by electrolysis of copper sulfate solution.

Which electrode do the copper ions move towards? Give a reason for your answer.

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(v) Large areas of land are contaminated with copper compounds. Phytomining can be used to remove these copper compounds from the land.

What is used in phytomining to remove copper compounds from the land?

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............................................................................................................... (1)

(Total 9 marks)


Q4. Titanium is used for replacement hip joints because it has a low density, is strong and does not corrode. Titanium is extracted from titanium dioxide (TiO2) in three stages.

(a) Stage 1 Titanium dioxide is converted into titanium chloride (TiCl4) because the metal cannot be extracted from its oxide by reduction with carbon.

(i) What does reduction mean?

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............................................................................................................... (1)

(ii) Balance the chemical equation for the conversion of titanium dioxide to titanium chloride.

TiO2 + Cl2 + C → TiCl4 + CO2

(1)

(iii) Chemical equations are always balanced. Explain why.

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(b) Stage 2 Titanium is extracted from the titanium chloride by reacting it with sodium at 1000 °C in a reactor. The only other substance in the reactor is argon gas.

TiCl4 + 4Na → Ti + 4NaCl

(i) What does this tell you about the reactivity of sodium compared with titanium?

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(ii) Suggest why the reactor contains argon and not air.

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(c) Stage 3 After Stage 2 the titanium is separated from the products by washing out the sodium chloride with water. The diagrams show sections through the lattice of titanium metal and the lattice of sodium chloride.

How do the diagrams show that:

(i) titanium is an element

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(ii) sodium chloride is a compound?

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(Total 8 marks)


Q5. Aluminium is a useful metal.

(a) The atomic number (proton number) of aluminium is 13.

Complete the diagram to show the electronic structure of an aluminium atom. Use crosses (x) to represent the electrons.

(1)

(b) Aluminium is used as the electrical conductor for overhead power cables.

Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.

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(Total 3 marks)


Q6. A company wants to extract limestone from an area of natural beauty. The Government has granted permission for the company to take and analyse samples of limestone. The company selects four sites, A, B, C and D, within the area and takes four samples from each site.

(a) The limestone is analysed by:

• heating 5 g of each sample for 30 minutes

• allowing the sample to cool in a dry, argon atmosphere

• weighing the solid remaining

The table shows the company’s results.

Site Mass of solid remaining in g

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4

A 3.15 3.10 3.20 3.19

B 3.25 3.21 3.24 3.26

C 2.85 2.95 2.92 3.00

D 2.98 2.88 2.92 2.82

Limestone is a rock containing calcium carbonate, CaCO3

If the limestone is pure calcium carbonate then the mass of solid remaining would be


2.80 g.

Why does the mass of limestone decrease when it is heated?

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(b) Suggest and explain why the solid remaining was cooled in a dry, argon atmosphere.

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(c) Which site, A, B, C or D, would you choose for extracting limestone?

Give the advantages and disadvantages for your chosen site.

You must explain why you chose this site.

My chosen site is .

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(Total 7 marks)


Q7. The diagram shows the arrangement of atoms in an alloy.

(a) What is meant by an alloy?

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................................................................................................................................ (2)

(b) Name the alloy represented in the diagram.

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(Total 3 marks)

Chemistry end of topic assessment C1.3 Metal Extraction ... recorded the results in a table. Volume...

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