Chemistry 9/16/13 Mrs. Turgeon “The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their...
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Transcript of Chemistry 9/16/13 Mrs. Turgeon “The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their...
Chemistry 9/16/13 Mrs. Turgeon
“The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.” – Eleanor Roosevelt
DO NOW: 1. Pass forward your 4 histograms from the “What’s the
Matter?” Lab.2. In your notes, answer in your own words: “What is the
Law of Conservation of Mass?” (Provide an example from our lab.)
Chemistry 9/16/13 Mrs. Turgeon
AGENDA:
1.Take notes on Matter-Properties & Changes2.White Board Practice in groups3.Learn about the parts of the atom
Do Now Answer:
The Law of Conservation of mass states that mass is neither created or destroyed during a chemical reaction- it is conserved.
Are your examples from the lab “What’s the Matter?” representing physical changes or chemical changes?
Physical vs. Chemical Changes
Physical Change: A change which alters the appearance of a substance without changing its composition (The shredder)
Chemical Change: A process that involves one or more substances changing into a new substance (Let it Snow)
ELEMENTS
Element – a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical methods.
the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties.
examples – gold, neon, copper, astatine, carbon, bromine…
COMPOUNDS
Compound – a substance composed of a given combination of elements that can be broken down into those elements by chemical methods
ALWAYS contains DIFFERENT elements examples – magnesium oxide (MgO),
water (H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl)…
Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods, but elements cannot.
Ex: When sugar is heated,it goes through a chemical change.
Breaking Down Compounds
Breaking Down Compounds
Final products = carbon and water vapor
Can then break down H2O into H2 and O2 using electricity
Properties of CompoundsIn general, the properties of compounds are quite different from those of their component elements.
chlorine (Cl2)is used to kill harmful organisms in swimming pools.
sodium vapor (Na) produces the light in some street lamps.
sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly called salt, is used to season or preserve food.
States of Matter
Each of the three states of matter can be described by how they fill
their container
States of Matter
Mixtures & Pure Substances
How can pure substances and mixtures be distinguished?
A pure substance ALWAYS has the same composition.
Must be an element or a compound.
Ex: water, silver
A mixture has a variable composition.
Must be a mixture of compounds and/or elements.
Ex: air, granite, chicken noodle soup
White Board Practice!
Send your spokesperson to the teacher’s desk to get a white board, marker, and eraser (one board for each POGIL group)
White Board Practice in POGIL groupsBe ready! You don’t know what group I am going to call on to share…
1. Is milk a mixture or pure substance?
2. What do you think about chocolate milk?
Homogeneous mixture. It’s a mixture of water, sugar, fats and proteins that is usually the same
composition throughout.
Heterogeneous mixture. It’s a mixture of water, sugar, fats, proteins & cocoa that usually has a lot more chocolate on the bottom of the glass
than at the top… YUMMY
White Board Practice
3. Passing an electric current through a certain substance produces oxygen and sulfur. This substance cannot be a(n)
a) compound.b) mixture.c) element.d) solution
White Board Practice
4. Which of the following is a mixture?a) sodium chloride (salt)b) carbon dioxidec) Sucrose (sugar)d) air
White Board Practice
1. TRUE or FALSE:
Heating water, causing it to boil is a chemical change.
FALSE…Liquid water becomes gaseous water when it boils, but it’s still H2O!
(this is a physical change)
Chemical changes occur when different substances are produced.
White Board Practice
6. Classify the following as chemical or physical changes:
a) gold melting
b) natural gas burningc) crushing an
aluminum cand) leaves turning
colors in the fall
PHYSICAL
PHYSICAL
CHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
White Board Practice
7. Which of the following states of matter takes the shape of its container and has a fixed or definite volume?a) solidb) liquidc) gasd) plasma
White Board Practice
8. Rank the three most commonly cited states of matter from highest to lowest energy:a) solid, liquid, gasb) liquid, gas, solidc) solid, gas, liquidd) gas, liquid, solid
White Board Practice
The End!
Send your spokesperson to the front of the room to put away your whiteboard materials
Using Your Textbook Effectively
According to a study on study habits by The Journal of Scientific American Mind, “Although most students prefer to take as few tests as possible, hundreds of experiments show that self-testing improves learning and retention.”
DO NOW: Get out a new piece of paper and fold it the “long” way.