Chemical & Physical Properties of Matter

Chemical Properties

• Characteristics that are observed ONLY when a substance changes into a different substance

Chemical Properties

• Types of Chemical Properties:• Combustible/flammable:

• able to burn

• Examples & Facts:• all chemicals come with a

label that identifies their level of flammability

Chemical Properties

• Types of Chemical Properties:• Combustible/flammable:

• able to burn• http://youtu.be/EZ3JT2nWfMA

− 1:30 Combustion of Mg

• Examples & Facts:• oxygen & hydrogen are very flammable

gases• carbon dioxide is not a very flammable

gas

Hay Bale combusting

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRNCrHqD0zE

• Stop at 35 seconds

Chemical Properties

• Types of Chemical Properties:• Reactivity:

• how easily a substance reacts with another substance

• http://youtu.be/sS3cIK9jlB8− 1:10 min Alkali metals reaction to water

• Examples & Facts:• many chemicals react with

water or oxygen• all chemicals come with a

label that identifies their level of reactivity

Chemical Properties

• Types of Chemical Properties:• Reactivity:

• how easily a substance reacts with another substance

• Examples & Facts:• corrosion: slow reaction

& wearing away of metals (rusting, tarnishing)

Examples of Chemical Changes

Physical Properties

• Characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into something else

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• color• texture• odor• taste• hardness• magnetic• boiling, melting, & freezing

points

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Luster:

• shininess or dullness

• Examples & Facts:• most metals are shiny• diamonds have a lot of

luster• many minerals are dull

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Brittleness:

• how easily a substance breaks into pieces

• Examples & Facts:• very brittle substances

may crumble or break with very little force

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Brittleness:

• how easily a substance breaks into pieces

• Examples & Facts:• many rocks & minerals

are brittle• chalk is brittle because

it crumbles easily

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Malleable:

• can be pounded into shapes

• Examples & Facts:• aluminum is very malleable• clay is also malleable• substances that are malleable

are usually not very brittle

Properties Song

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJOGy0dgmUU

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Ductile:

• can be pulled out into a long wire

• Examples & Facts:• substances may be both malleable

& ductile• copper is very malleable &

ductile• substances that are ductile

are usually not very brittle

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Conductive:

• can transmit heat and/or electricity

• Examples & Facts:• a substance may conduct heat,

electricity, neither, or both• most metals are good

conductors

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Conductive:

• can transmit heat and/or electricity

• Examples & Facts:• pots & pans are made out of metals

that are good heat conductors

Physical Properties

• Types of Physical Properties:• Soluble:

• can be dissolved in a liquid

• Examples & Facts:• substances that are “water-

soluble” will dissolve in water• salt & sugar are soluble in

water• substances that don’t dissolve

are “insoluble”

Overview of Physical & Chemical properties• http://youtu.be/oF0lN0jZYx0

• Physical and Chemical Properties visual 2:30 min

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4pQQQNwy30

• Chemistry - The Physical Properties and Chemical Properties of Matter − 6 min

Models are representations of objects or systems.

Models can be used for:• Understanding something• Predicting• Picturing things in your mind• Explain scientific theories

Physical Models

• look like the object they model.

Mathematical models

• Made up of mathematical equations and data

Conceptual models

• Systems of ideas.

Limitation of Models

• They don’t act exactly like the things they model or they may not look like the things they represent. Scale might be incorrect.

• What is wrong with this model?

Extra information on Chemical & Physical • http://

education-portal.com/academy/lesson/matter-physical-and-chemical-properties.html#transcript Just watch from 1:50 to 4:20 on video

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ritaljhhk7s Pharaoh Snake Reaction (Mercury(II) thiocyanate decomposition) 3:11 min

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQ6IsCbNZAQ Sulfuric Acid vs Sponge - Chemical Reaction 1 min