Chem Project on ascorbic acid

7/23/2019 Chem Project on ascorbic acid

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Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks and gratitude to

my teacher (PGT Chemistry) , who gave me the

golden opportunity to do this wonderful proect, and gave

me guidance during the process!

I would also like to thank my parents who helped me andguided me!


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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Chemistry proect "#TI$%TI&'

& %#C&*IC %CI+ I' CIT# IT# is a -ona fide

work of, ur name studying in class .II/* having

C!*!#!" roll no! ! It doesn0t indulge in

plagiarism of any kind!

Teachers name

PGT, Chemistry


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AIM OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this proect is to investigate the

ascor-ic acid content in different citrus fruits!


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APPARATUS AND MATERIALS

REQUIRED

1! ollowing freshcitrus fruit uices2

a! 3emon uice

-! $osam-i uice

c! %mla uice4! 5!1 $ 'a&6

7!*urette

8! 15 ml graduated cylinder

9! Titration flask

:! 455 ml -eaker

;! *urette stand


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THEORY

CITRUS FRUITS

Citrusis a common term and genus(Citrus) of flowering

plantsin the ruefamily, utaceae! The -est known examples

are oranges, lemons, limes, amla, etc! They are a rich source

of two maor acids, citric acidand ascorbic acid.

RELATIE CONTENT IN CITRUS FRUITS

#ince citrus fruits have -oth citric and ascor-ic acids, -oth

acids will collectively neutrali>e 'a&6! *ut, ascor-ic acid

content is much higher than citric acid in many citrus fruits

(ascor-ic acid content in lemon is a-out 74? while citric

acid content is 9/:?)! 6ence, contri-ution to titration with

'a&6 will -e more for ascor-ic acid!


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CITRIC ACID

Citric acid is a weak organic acid with the formula C6H8O7!

It is a natural preservative/conservativewhich occurs

naturally in citrus fruits and is also used to add an acidic or

sour taste to foods and drinks! In -iochemistry, the conugate

-ase of citric acid, citrate, is important as an intermediate in

the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the meta-olism of allaero-ic organisms! It consists of 3 carboxyl (-COOH

!roups contri-uting to its acidic character.

"olar #ass$ %&'.%' ! #ol-%

asicity$ 3

)tructure$

ASCOR!IC ACID

%scor-ic acid ((*-3+,-dihydroxy--(()- %+'-

dihydroxyethylfuran-'(H-oneis a naturally occurring

weak, organic acid with formula C6H8O6! It is a white solid


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and water solu-le! It is a form of ita#in C! It is optically

active and 3/ascor-ic acid is naturally occurring and has a

specific rotation of '3o! It consists of ' alcoholic !roups (-

OH contri-uting to its acidic character! It is classified as a

reductone!

"olar "ass$ %76.%' ! #ol-%

asicity$ '

)tructure$

IMPORATNCE OF ITAMIN C

@itamin C plays a very important role in the maintenance of

the human -ody! It is reAuired in very small amounts !$any

animals produce vitamin c themselves, nut humans do not!


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It helps in the formation of colla!en, the most a-undant

fi-re in connective tissues!

It catalyses healing of all wounds! rom -roken -ones

to cuts to surgical wounds, @itamin C is taken orally! It makes the headlines when it comes to cancer

prevention! Its antioxidant properties protect cells from

damage and mutations!

It also prevents cataract and heart diseases due to its

a-ility to counteract free radicals!+% for @itamin C is :5/=5mg!

%sthmatic and dia-etic patients need larger doses

(a-out 1/7 g) of it!

TITRATION% titration is a techniAue where a solution of known

concentration is used to determine the concentration of an

unknown solution! Typically, the titrant (the known solution)

is added from a -urette to a known Auantity of the analyte

(the unknown solution) until the reaction is complete!

Bnowing the volume of titrant added allows the

determination of the concentration of the unknown! &ften,

an indicator is used to usually signal the end of the reaction,

the endpoint!

The unknown concentration is found out -y law of

eAuivalents i!e!


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0%%10''

here ' is normality of solution and @ is the volume

reacted!

The eAuation can also -e written as2

n%"%%1n'"''

6ere n is the Dn factor0 of the compound and $ is the

molarity of the solution! &nly $1 is unknown here!


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TITRATION OF CITRUS FRUIT

JUICE "ITH N#OH

6ere 9 ml of respective uice will -e titrated with 5!1 $

'a&6!

'&T"2 Euice should -e freshly prepared and have minimum

pulp, if any!

*eaction2

C:6


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LEMON JUICE

&*#"@%TI&' T%*3"

).0O 40454

*940: ("

;40

*940: ("

5O5

*940: ("

1 5 9; 9;

4 5 99 997 5 99 99

Concordant readin! 1 #l

CC


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MOSAM!I JUICE

&*#"@%TI&' T%*3"

).0O 40454

*940: ("

;40

*940: ("

5O5

*940: ("

1 5 < ust pin!


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!I!LIO$RAPHY

ikipedia

6owstuffworks!net

Comprehensive Chemistry 3a- $anual

Chem Project on ascorbic acid

Documents

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