CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded...
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Transcript of CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded...
![Page 1: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHEM 304 - 2/10/12
I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone
- The Chapman Mechanism - cont.
Embedded Fundamentals
- Photochemistry
KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3 is out…
and you should be working on it!
![Page 2: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Photochemical Reactivity: 3 KEY questions
1) What wavelength does molecule absorb?
2) What altitudes are they available at?
3) Does the radiation carry enough E to break a bond ? (almost always YES!)
(We’ll take these in 3 —> 1 —> 2 order …)
![Page 3: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
![Page 4: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How much energy does a 400 nm “photon” carry?
€
E photon =hc
λ
Ephoton = 5.0 x 10-19 J
h= 6.63 x 10-34 J sec
c=3.0 x 108 m/sec
![Page 5: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is the wavelength ()of a photon with E = 6.0 x10-19 J?
€
λ =hc
E
l = 3.32 x 10-7 m = 332 nm
h = 6.63 x 10-34 J sec
c = 3.0 x 108 m/sec
![Page 6: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A spectroscopy measurement …
SAMPLE
l
Io = MT
I = sample
D
€
A =σCl = −ln II0
⎛ ⎝ ⎜ ⎞
⎠ ⎟
s = “absorption cross-section”units of cm2 (or cm2/molec.)
![Page 7: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Absorption bands of O3…
![Page 8: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Absorption bands of O2…
![Page 9: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Light Penetration…
l < 200 nm only HI stratosphere & above
l 200-300nm —> filtered in stratosphere VARIABLE w/ ALT.
(200-230 O2 & O3 absorption, 230-300 O3 absorption)
l > 300 nm —> penetrates to surface!
![Page 10: CHEM 304 - 2/10/12 I.B. Stratospheric chemistry: Ozone - The Chapman Mechanism - cont. Embedded Fundamentals - Photochemistry KEEP READING CH 1 HW#3.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649eef5503460f94bff48d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Vertical distribution of [M] …
<— not enough M for O3 production up high
<— no <242 down here!