Direct nucleophilic substitution
• SN2 mechanism
• Best for CH3X or RCH2X
• Best to prep 1o amines and
quaternary ammonium salts
Direct nucleophilic substitution
• SN2 mechanism
• Best for CH3X or RCH2X
• Best to prep 1o amines and
quaternary ammonium salts
• SN2 mechanism
• Best for CH3X or RCH2X
• Only 1o amines can be prepared
Reduction from nitro compounds
Reduction from nitriles
Reduction from amides
Reductive amination
• Add 1 alkyl group to nitrogen nucleophile
• 1o, 2o, and 3o amines can be prepared
Amine reacting as a base
Nucleophilic addition to
aldehydes and ketones
• Rxn with 1o amines
Nucleophilic addition to
aldehydes and ketones
• Rxn with 1o amines
Nucleophilic substitution with
acid chlorides and anhydrides
Hofmann elimination
• Less substituted alkene is major product
Reaction with nitrous acid
• Rxn with 1o amines
Reaction with nitrous acid
• Rxn with 2o amines
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
Substitution reactions of
diazonium salts
• Coupling to form azo compounds