CHECKLIST PAPER 3 BIOLOGY.doc

7/25/2019 CHECKLIST PAPER 3 BIOLOGY.doc

1/14

CHECKLIST BIOLOGY PRACTICAL (BIOLOGY A+ DI HATIKU)

CHP NO. AIM OF THE EXP+

HYPOTHESIS +

MATERIALS&APPARATUS+

DIAGRAM

MAGIC BOX PROCEDURE:

K1 : Preparation of material ! apparat"(#K1)

K$ : Operatin% fi&e' ariale

K* : Operatin% manip"late' ariale

K#: Operatin% repon'in% ariale

K+ : Pre,a"tion (K+)4K1, K2, K3, K4, & K! 3 MARKS

RESULT:* *-1

"2##$%

2'

STUDYING THE MO(EMENT

OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

AIM:

To t"'. t/e fa,tor infl"en,e t/e

'iff"ion of "tan,e t/ro"%/ a

emi0 permeale memrane-HYPOTHESIS:

T/e 'iff"ion of mole,"le t/ro"%/

emi0permeale memrane i ae'

on t/e ie of mole,"le-MATERIALS&APPARATUS:

Bene'i,t2 ol"tion3 14 Star,/

"penion3 Io'ine ol"tion3 *54

%l",oe ol"tion3 i6in% t"in% an'

,otton trea'3 tet t"e3 ea6er3 an'

B"nen "rnerDIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8

CO9CRETE T.pe o f

ol"tion

(%l",oe

an' tar,/

"penion)

C/an%e in

Color of

ol"tion re"lt

of Bene'i,t2

tet

8ol"me of

%l",oe ol"tion

(1+ml)

8ol"me of

tar,/

"penion (1+

ml)

ABSTRACT Sie of t/e

mole,"le

in t/e

i6in%

t"e

;iff"ion of

"tan,e

t/ro"%/ a emi0

permeale

memrane

7ETHO;S

Oo

t.pe of

ol"tion

(%l",oean' tar,/

"penion)

)R("TECHNI

UE'

Observe and

recordt/e,/an%e in ,olor

of ol"tion

ini'e t/e

i6in% t"e an'

t/e ea6er re"lt

of Bene'i,t2

tet

Fixed t/e

8ol"me of

%l",oe ol"tion

to 1+ml8ol"me of

tar,/

"penion 1+

ml) . using

measuring

cylinder

*R("TECHNI

UE'0

1- Soa6 t/e i6in% t"in% in >ater for + min to

often it- (K1)

$- Tie one en' of i6in% t"e to preent

lea6a%e-(K+)

*- it/ 'itille' >ater- (K1)(K+)

?- 7i&e' io'ine an' 'itille' >ater- Oere'

t/e ,olor(K1)(K#)

@- Immere' t/e i6in% t"e into ea6er for #5

min"te-(K1)

- After #5 min"te3 oere an' re,or' t/e

,/an%e in ,olor of ol"tion ini'e t/e

i6in% t"e an' t/e ea6er(K#)(K*)

- Carr. o"t t/e Bene'i,t2 tet for ot/ ol"tionini'e t/e i6in% t"e an' t/e ea6er(K#)

R-/:Con

tent

Ori%i

nal

Color

ater3 ,otton t/rea'3 retort tan'3

,apillar. t"e3 r"ler3 mar6er pen3,ior3 $+5ml ea6er3 .rin%e3

top>at,/ an' i6in% t"in%-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE T.pe o f

"tan,e

(>ater an'

",roe)

In,reae t/e

leel of ",roe

ol"tion in

,apillar.

eer.15 min"te

for #+ min"te

,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion

Time ta6en for

mar6in% t/e

leel of ",roe

ol"tion in

,apillar. t"e at

15 min"teinteral for #+

min"te

ABSTRACT Sie of t/e

mole,"le

Rate of

;iff"ion of"tan,e

t/ro"%/ a emi0

permeale

memrane

7ETHO;S

Oo

'ifferent

ol"tion

>/i,/ are

'itille'

>ater

(ini'e t/e

ea6er)an'

*54

",roe

ol"tion in

t/e 8i6in%

t"e

-

)R("TECHNI

UE'Measure and

recordt/e

in,reae t/e

leel of ",roe

ol"tion in

,apillar.

eer.15 min"te

for #+ min"te

by using ruler.

it/ 'itille' >ater- (K1)(K+)

?- Clamp t/e ,apillar. t"e erti,all. to retort

tan'- (K1)

@- Immere' t/e i6in% t"e into ea6er

,ontainin% t/e 'itille' >ater-(K1)

- 7ar6 initial leel of ",roe ol"tion (K1)

- 7ar6 t/e leel of ",roe ol"tion eer.15

min"te for #+ min"te (K*)

15-Measure and recordt/e in,reae t/e leel of

",roe ol"tion in ,apillar. eer.15 min"te

for #+ min"te . "in% r"ler-(K#)

R-/:

Time

(min"te)

T/e In,reae t/e leel of ",roe

ol"tion in ,apillar. (mmmin01)

5

15

$5*5

#5

Score 50/50


2/14

(mm)time(min)

=nit0(mmmin01)

*-*"2##0

%1'

STUDYING THE EFFECT OF

HYPOTONIC. HYPERTONIC

ANS ISOTONIC SOLUTION

ON ANIMAL CELL

AIM:To t"'. t/e effe,t of 'ifferent

,on,entration of o'i"m ,/lori'e

(9aCl) ol"tion on re' loo' ,ell >it/in

*5 min"te-

HYPOTHESIS:T/e /i%/er t/e ,on,entration of o'i"m,/lori'e ol"tion t/e /i%/er t/e n"mer

of ,renate' re' loo' ,ell

-MATERIALS&APPARATUS:/i,/ are

5-1+ 73

5-*5 73

5-#+ 7 an'

5-?5 7

)R("TECHNIUE'Count and

record t/e

n"mer of

,renate' re'

loo' ,ell-

Used the same'"ration of time

>/i,/ i 15

min"te for

immerion of

t/e re' loo'

,ell . "in%

t/estopwatch.

*R("TECHNI

UE'0

1- Lael # li'e >it/ A3 B3 C3 an' ;- (K1)

$- P"t a 'rop of 5-1+ 7 o'i"m ,/lori'e on

li'e A- (K1) (K$)

*- Coer t/e li'e >it/ ,oerlip- (K1)

#- P"t one 'rop of loo' (RBC) on t/e ot/er

i'e of li'e A- (K$)

+- Pla,e t/e filter paper on t/e oppoite i'e-

(K1)(K+)

?- After 15 min"te3 ,o"nt an' re,or' t/e

n"mer of ,renate' re' loo' ,ell- (K#)

@- Repeat t/e tep 10@ >it/ 'ifferent,on,entration of o'i"m ,/lori'e ol"tion

>/i,/ are 5-*5 73 5-#+ 7 an' 5-?5 7-(K*)

R-/:C)/*/ 5

6-7 )86

-/ "M'

N-79 5 )*/6

6 96 )

"A'#.1

"B'#.3#

"C'#.4

"D'#.#

*-# STUDYING THE EFFECT OFHYPOTONIC. HYPERTONIC

ANS ISOTONIC SOLUTION

ON PLANT CELLS

AIM:To 'etermine t/e effe,t of 'ifferent

,on,entration of a ol"tion on t/e ma

/ape of potato-

HYPOTHESIS:T/e 8;8 ,on,entration of t/e ",roe

ol"tion3 t/e /i,/ are

5-$43

+-5431+-5

43 an'

$+-54

)R("TECHNI

UE'Measure and

recordt/e

,/an%e in maof potato ti"e

in 'ifferent

,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion

. "in%

alan,e

weighing scale

Fixed the same

'"ration of

oa6in% time

>/i,/ i ?5

min"te forimmerion of

t/e potato .

"in% t/e

stopwatch./

Use the same

ol"me of

",roe ol"tion

>/i,/ i $5 ml

by using

measuring

cylinder.

*R("TECHNI

UE'

0

1- Bore,"t o"t a potato to %et potato trip of

t/e ame ie an' >ei%/ t/em o a to %et

potato trip of t/e ame ma(K1)

$- it/ $5 ml of ",roe

ol"tion of 5-$43 +-543 1+-543 an' $+-54

(K1) (K*)(K$)

*- P"t* of potato trip of t/e ame >ei%/t in

ea,/ ea6er (K1)

#- Leae t/e potato trip immere' in t/e

",roe ol"tion for 1 /o"r(K$)

+- (After 1 /o"r) ta6e o"t t/e potato trip from

ea,/ ea6er3 'r. t/em "in% filter paper(K1)(K+)

?- 7ea"re an' re,or' t/e ,/an%e in ma of

potato ti"e in 'ifferent ,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion . "in% alan,e >ei%/in%

,ale(K1)(K#)

@- Repeat tep 10? t/ree time to %et a,,"rate

'ata (K+)

- Plot a %rap/ of t/e ,on,entration of ",roe

ol"tion a%aint ,/an%e in ma of potato

trip

- Ta"late t/e 'ata in t/e tale elo> (K1)

R-/:C)

/*/

5

-)

-/

"='

C8*; 7* 5 >/*/

/> %;

#.2 1t

rea'

in%

$n'

rea'i

n%

*r'

rea'i

n%

Ae

ra%e

.#

1.#

2.#

;ifferent ,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion


3/14

*-+"2##

%2'

"2##

%2'

DETERMINING THE

CONCENTRATION OF

EXTERNAL SOLUTION

?HICH IS ISOTONIC TO THE

CELL SAP OF A PLANT

CELLS

AIM:to 'etermine t/e ,on,entration of t/e

ol"tion >/i,/ >ill maintain t/e ma of

plant ti"e-

HYPOTHESIS:T/e #.4 M",roe ol"tion >ill

maintain t/e ma of t/e plant ti"e-

T/e ,on,entration of ",roe ol"tion

t/at remain len%t/ma of plant ti"e

i iotoni,-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:

Plant ti"e (Ram"tan)38ario"

,on,entration of ",roe

ol"tion3e&ample: 5-173 5-$7 3 5-#73

1-57 an' 1-+7at,/3

Balan,e>ei%/in% ma,/ine-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE Con,entrati

on of

",roe

ol"tion-

C/an%e in ma T.pe of plant

ti"e3 ol"me

of ol"tion3

oa6in% time3

ie of potato-

ABSTRACT 0 0

)R("TECHNI

UE'

Measure and

recordt/e,/an%e in ma

of plant ti"e

in 'ifferent

,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion

. "in%

alan,e

weighing

machine.

",roe ol"tion

>/i,/ i $5 ml

by using

measuring

cylinder.

*R("TECHNI

UE'

0

1- ei%/ t/e ram"tan ti"e an' re,or' t/e

initial ma(K1)(K#)

$- it/ 155ml ",roe

ol"tion of 5-173 5-$7 3 5-#73 1-57 an'

1-+7(K1) (K*)(K$)

*- P"t * of plant ti"e in ea,/ ea6er (K1)

#- Leae t/e plant ti"e immere' in t/e ",roeol"tion for 1 /o"r(K$)

+- (After 1 /o"r) ta6e o"t t/e plant ti"e from

ea,/ ea6er3 'r. t/em "in% filter paper(K1)

(K+)

?- 7ea"re an' re,or' t/e ,/an%e in ma of

potato ti"e in 'ifferent ,on,entration of",roe ol"tion . "in% alan,e >ei%/in%

ma,/ine-(K1)(K#)

@- Plot a %rap/ of t/e ,on,entration of ",roe

ol"tion a%aint ,/an%e in ma of plant ti"e

(K#)

R-/:C)

/*/

5

-)

-/

"M'

C8*; 7* 5 >/*/

/> %;

1t

rea'

in%

$n'

rea'i

n%

*r'

rea'i

n%

Ae

ra%e

#.1

#.2

#.4

1.#

1.

# #-*"2##0%

2'

STUDYING THE EFFECT OF

TEMPERATURE ON

SALI(ARY AMYLASE

ACTI(ITY

AIM:To ineti%ate t/e effe,t of temperat"re

on aliar. am.lae a,tiit.-

HYPOTHESIS:A t/e temperaturein,reae3 t/e rate of

reaction catalysed by amylase in,reae"ntil optim"m temperat"re

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:Saliar. Am.lae ol"tion3 14 Star,/

S"penion3

Io'ine ol"tion3 ;itille' >ater3

Tet t"e ea6erD Stop>at,/3 'ropper3

>/ite tile >it/ %rooe3 Gla ro'

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE Temperat"r

e

-

T/e time ta6en

for t/e l"e

la,6 ,olo"r of

io'ine to

'iappear (min)

8ol"me of

tar,/

"penion

(+ml)

8ol"me of

ABSTRACT 0 Rate of rea,tion

,atal.e' .

aliar.

am.lae-

7ETHO;S

O

*/-

"C'

T8 /7 /*@ 5 /8

9- 9*)@ )- 5

6 / 6*>>*

"M'

R*/ 5 7 *)//

"71'

15C

$5C

*5C

#5C

1- Laelle' tet t"e a A13 A$3 B13B$3 C13 C$

3;1an' ;$ (K1)

$- + ml of 14 tar,/ "penion are po"re' into

t/e tet t"e A13 B13 C1 an' ;1 "in%

.rin%e-(K1)(K$)

*- $ ml of 5-14 am.lae i a''e' to tet t"e

A$3 B$3 C$ an' ;$(K1)(K$)

#- T/e tet t"e are immere' in >ater at/ at

'ifferent temperat"re for + min"te-(K*)

A1 an' A$ : 15C 3

B1 an' B$ : $5C3C1 an' C$ : *5C3

;1 an' ;$ : #5C+- ;rop of io'ine ol"tion are a''e' eparatel.

onto t/e %rooe of a >/ite tile "in% a

.rin%e-(K1)

?- After + min"te3 po"r tar,/ "penion (A1)

to am.lae ol"tion (A$) (K1)

@- Stirre' t/e mi&t"re . "in% t/e %la ro' (K1

- Stop>at,/ i a,tiate' imme'iatel. at 5

min"te-(K+)

- A 'rop of mi&t"re i tete' >it/ io'ine

ol"tion on t/e >/ite tile- At eer. amplin%

t/e 'ropper m"t e rine' >it/ ,lean 'itille'

>ater-(K+)

15- T/e tep i repeate' eer. min"te for

15 min"te "ntil t/e mi&t"re top t"rnin%

l"e la,6 in ,olo"r >/en tete' >it/ io'ine

ol"tion-

11- Measure and record t/e time ta6en for

t/e l"e la,6 ,olo"r of io'ine to 'iappear .

using a stopwatch in t/e tale-(K#)1$- Step +011 are repeate' >it/ tet t"e

B3C3 an' ;-(K*)

1*- Ta"late t/e 'ata in t/e tale

elo>(K1)

11- A %rap/ of t/e rate of am.lae a,tiit. a%ain

temperat"re i plotte'-(K#)

+7LPA

Ram"tan

;ifferent

,on,entration of

",roe ol"tion

Peele' ram"tan


4/14

#-# STUDYING THE EFFECT OF>H ON PEPSIN ACTI(ITY

AIM:To ineti%ate t/e effe,t of pH on pepin

a,tiit.-

HYPOTHESIS:An a,i'i, me'i"m at pH * i optim"m

for t/e a,tiit. of en.me-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:Al"min "penion3 14 pepin3

5-173/.'ro,/lori, a,i'3 5-1 7o'i"m/.'ro&i'e ol"tion an' 'itille' >ater-3

Tet t"e3 ea6er3 t/ermometer3 +ml

.rin%e3 pH paper 3a >ire %a"e

Stop>at,/3 'ropper3 a B"nen "rner3 a

tripo' an' a tet0 t"e ra,6-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE pH of

me'i"m

(a,i'0 pH*3

ne"tral0

pH@3 an'

al6aline0

pH)

T/e ,on'ition

of t/e mi&t"re

at t/e e%innin%

an' after $5

min"te t/e

,larit. of t/e

ol"tion

8ol"me of

al"min

"penion

(+ml)3ol"me

(1ml) an' (14)

,on,entration of

pepin ol"tion

an' temperat"re

of me'i"m

(*@C)


,atal.e' .pepin- Pepin

a,tiit.

7ETHO;S

Oin% ol"tion into ea,/ tet

t"e:-(K1)(K*)P : 1 ml of 5-1 7 /.'ro,/lori, a,i' 1 ml of

14 pepin ol"tion 3

F : 1 ml of 'itille' >ater 1 ml of 14

pepin ol"tion 3

R: 1 ml of 5-1 7 of o'i"m /.'ro&i'e 1 ml

of 14pepin ol"tion 3#- ;ip a pie,e of pH paper into ea,/ tet -(K1)

+- T/e tet t"e are immere' in >ater at/ at

*@C temperat"re for $5 min"te-(K$)

?- Observe and record t/e ,on'ition of t/e

mi&t"re at t/e e%innin% an' after $5 min"te

(K#)

@- Calculate and recordt/e rate of reaction

,atal.e' . pepin . "in% t/eformula

! / time-

R-/:Te

t

t"

e

pH 7i&t"re Rate of

rea,tion

,atal.e'

. pep

(min01)-

At t/ee%inni

n%

After$5

min"t

e

P *

F @

R

#-+ STUDYING THE EFFECT OFSUBSTRATE

CONCENTRATION ON

SALI(ARY AMYLASE

ACTI(ITY

"2##%1 EFFECT OF

CONCENTRATION OF

ALBUMIN SUSPENSION ON

THE RATE OF REACTION OF

PEPSIN ENYME'

AIM:To ineti%ate t/e effe,t of "trate

,on,entration on aliar. am.lae

a,tiit.-

HYPOTHESIS:T/e /i%/er t/e concentration of

substrate3 t/e /i%/er t/e rate of reaction

catalysed by salivary amylase "ntil it

rea,/e t/e ma&im"m rate-


5-14 Saliar. Am.lae ol"tion3

'ifferent ,on,entration of tar,/

"penion

(5-1435-$435-*435-#43 5-+4 an' 5-?4)

Io'ine ol"tion3 ;itille' >ater3

Tet t"e ea6erD Stop>at,/3 'ropper3

>/ite tile >it/ %rooe3 Gla ro'

DIAGRAM:


on of

tar,/

"penion

(5-1435-$4

35-*435-#4

3 5-+4 an'

5-?4)

T/e time ta6en

for t/e l"e

la,6 ,olo"r of

io'ine to

'iappear (min)

Temperat"re

(*@C)

ol"me ($ml)

an' (5-14)

,on,entration of

aliar. am.lae

ol"tion


,atal.e' .

aliar.

am.lae-

7ETHO;S

O>*

"7'

R*/ 5 7 *)//

"71'

5-143

5-$4

5-*4

1- Laelle'1$tet t"e a A13 A$3 B13B$3 C13

C$ 3;13 ;$3 E13 E$3 in% tet

t"e . "in% .rin%e-(K1)(K*)

A1: 5-14 tar,/ "penion 3

B1: 5-$4 tar,/ "penion3

C1: 5-*4 tar,/ "penion3

;1: 5-#4 tar,/ "penion3

E1: 5-+4 tar,/ "penion3

ater at/ at

temperat"re *@C for + min"te-(K1)(K$)+- ;rop of io'ine ol"tion are a''e' eparatel.

onto t/e %rooe of a >/ite tile "in% a

.rin%e-(K1)

?- After + min"te3 po"r tar,/ "penion (A1)

to am.lae ol"tion (A$) (K1)

@- Stirre' t/e mi&t"re . "in% t/e %la ro' (K1

- Stop>at,/ i a,tiate' imme'iatel. (5

min"te)-(K+)

- A 'rop of mi&t"re i tete' >it/ io'ine

ol"tion on t/e >/ite tile- At eer. amplin%

t/e 'ropper m"t e rine' >it/ ,lean 'itille'

>ater-(K+)

15- T/e tep i repeate' eer. min"te for 15

min"te "ntil t/e mi&t"re top t"rnin% l"e

la,6 in ,olo"r >/en tete' >it/ io'ine

ol"tion-

11- Measure and record t/e time ta6en for

t/e l"e la,6 ,olo"r of io'ine to 'iappear .

using a stopwatchin t/e tale-(K#)(K1)1$- Step +011 are repeate' >it/ tet t"e

B3C3 ;3 E an'


5/14

5-#4

5-+4

5-?4

? ?-1"SPM

2##%

1'

DETERMINING THE ENERGY

(ALUE IN FOOD SAMPLES

AIM:To 'etermine an' ,ompare t/e ener%.

,ontent in >/ite rea' an' pean"t-

HYPOTHESIS:Pean"t pro'",e a lot of /eat ener%.

/ite rea' pro'",e alittle /eat ener%.Pean"t pro'",e a

/i%/er in,reain% in temperat"re ener%.

al"e /8*>/ite rea'-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:;itille' >ater3 a pean"t3

rea'3plati,ine3 an' ,otton >ool-

Boilin% t"e3 t/ermometer3 retort tan'3

a pin3 mea"rin% ,.lin'er3 B"nen

"rner an' ele,troni, alan,e-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE ater

temperat"re .

"in% t/e

thermometer

Fixed t/e

'itan,e

et>een t/e

oilin% t"e an'

foo' ample

>/i,/ i $,m .

"in% t/eruler

*R("TECHNI

UE'

calculate and

record t/e

ener%. ,ontent in

foo' ample .

"in% t/e

form"lae elo>

Energy value =

Mass of$ater%g& '

%(.#)g *!+C*!& '

increase in

,emperature%C)

Mass of food

%g&-!

=nit (6%01)

Tale:

!. ei%/ t/e pean"t an' re,or' it

>ei%/t(K1)#. @ /8 >*-/ 57 */ /8

6 5 /8 > */).

0. ater

melon


;CPIP Sol"tion3 5-14 aori, a,i'

it/ nee'le3 Spe,imen

t"e

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE t.pe of fr"it

(apple3

oran%e3 an'

>atermelon

)

T/e ol"me of

fr"it "i,e t/at

'e,olo"rie' t/e

;CPIP ol"tion

8ol"me,on,ent

ration of ;CPIP

ABSTRACT 0 per,enta%e of

itamin C

7ETHO;S

Oater

($MC)3

/Con,entrationof ,aron

'io&i'e

ABSTR ACT li%/t

intenit.

Rate of

p/oto.nt/ei

0

7ETHO;S

Oit/ a /arp

raor la'e "n'er >ater- "K1'"K)

#- T/e tran' of"ydrilla p- i pla,e' ini'

a %la filter f"nnel."K1'

+- T/e f"nnel i pla,e' "pi'e 'o>n in a +55ml ea6er."K1'

?- T/e ea6er i fille' >it/ #55 ml of 14

o'i"m i,aronate."K2'

@- T/e ea6er i pla,e' at a 'itan,e of +5 ,m

from t/e ?5 "l a a li%/t o"r,e ."K3'- T/e n"mer of %a "le releae' in on

min"te are ,o"nte' an' re,or'e' in a tale

"K4'- T/i tep i repeate' t>i,e ."K'- Step @ i repeate' . pla,in% t/e apparat" a

'itan,e #5 ,m3 *5 ,m3 $5 ,m an' 15 ,mfrom t/e li%/t o"r,e."K3'

15-T/e re"lt are re,or'e' in a tale"K1'11-T/e %rap/ of t/e rate of p/oto.nt/ei

a%aint t/e li%/t o"r,e i plotte'- "K1'

R-/:;itan,e of

li%/t

o"r,e-

(,m)

9o of %a

"le

releae'

T/e rate of

p/oto.nt/e

i

(min01)

+5

#5

*5

$5

15

? ?-11 IN(ESTIGATING THEEFFECT OF CARBONDIOXIDE CONCENTRATION

ON THE RATE OF

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

AIM:To t"'. t/e effe,t of ,aron 'io&i'e

,on,entration on t/e rate of

p/oto.nt/ei-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

;oe of ,aron 'io&i'e ,on,entration

affe,t t/e rate of p/oto.nt/ei

HYPOTHESIS:A/en t/e ,on,entration of ,aron

'io&i'e in,reae t/e rate of

p/oto.nt/ei alo in,reae "ntil t/e

rate e,ome ,ontant

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:"ydrillaplant3 'ifferent ,on,entration of

o'i"m /.'ro%en i,aronate (5-$435-#43 5-?4 an' 14)3 plati,ine3

?5 ele,tri, "l3 +55 ml ea6er3 a

oilin% t"e3 top >at,/3 raor la'e3

t/ermometer3 meter r"ler

DIAGRAM:


on of

,aron

'io&i'e

9"mer of %a

"le t/at are

releae in 1

min"te-

Temperat"re of

t/e >ater

($MC)3 /Li%/tintenit.

ABSTRACT 0 rate of

p/oto.nt/ei

0

7ETHO;S

O/i,/ are

5-$43

5-#43 5-?4

an' 14

)R("TECHNI

UE'Count and

record t/en"mer of %a

"le t/at are

releae in 1

min"te . "in%

a stopwatch.

Fixed t/e

'itan,e of

"ydllra p- to

o"r,e of li%/tto 15 ,m .

"in% t/e r"ler-

*R("TECHNI

UE'calculate and

record the rate

of

p/oto.nt/ei

. "in% t/e

form"lae:

no- of "le

releae'

time(min01)

K10 Ho> to et "p t/e apparat" C/ooe 15 ,m len%t/ of fre

"ydrilla sp.

T/e tran' of "ydrilla p- i

pla,e' ini'e a oilin% t"e

Clip t/e tip >it/ a paper ,lip an' p"

it in t/e oilin% >it/ t/e ,lip 'o>n

T/e %rap/ of t/e rate o

p/oto.nt/ei a%aint t/e ,aro

'io&i'e ,on,entration i plotte'

K$0 Ho> to operate t/e ,ontant ariale

Po"r #5 ml of 14 o'i"m

i,aronate ol"tion into t/e oilin%

t"e-

Pla,e t/e apparat" at a fi& 'itan

from a li%/t o"r,e >/i,/ i 15 ,m

K# Ho> to operate t/e repon'in% ariale

Co"nt an' re,or' t/e n"mer o

"le releae' in + min"te T/e rate of p/oto.nt/ei i

,al,"late' . "in% t/e form"lae:

(n"mer of "letime)

K* Ho> to operate t/e manip"late

ariale

Repeat K1 to K# "in% 'ifferen

per,enta%e of o'i"m i,aronat

ol"tion >/i,/ are 5-$43 5-#4

5-?4

K+ 0 Pre,a"tion

Pla,e t/e oilin% t"e in a ea6er o

>ater to maintain t/e temperat"re

R-/:Con,entrati

on of

9o of %a

"le

T/e rate of

p/oto.nt/e


7/14

,aron

'io&i'e (4)

releae' in

one min"te

i (min01)

1-5

5-?

5-#

5-$

@ @-1 STUDYING THE PROCESS OFAEROBIC RESPIRATION

AIM:To t"'. t/e pro,e of aeroi,

repiration

HYPOTHESIS:T/e aeroi, repiration pro'",e ,aron

'io&i'e to in,reae t/e /ei%/t of

,olo"re' liN"i'-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:ater3 ,olo"re' liN"i'3 a ,o,6roa,/ an'

o'a lime3 oilin% t"e3 +55ml ea6er3

$+5ml ea6er3 ,apillar. t"e3 ,re>

,lip3 an' a >ire %a"e-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE Preen,e of

,o,6roa,/

Hei%/t of

,olo"re' liN"i'-

Temperat"re of

t/e >ater at/

(*@MC)3 amo"nt

of o'a lime-

ABSTRACT 0 Pro,e of

aeroi,

repiration

0

7ETHO;S

Oater at/

>/i,/ i *@MC

. "in% a

t/ermometer

*R("TECHNI

UE'

1- Lael t>o oilin% t"e >it/ A an' B(K1)

$- ater an'

temperat"re

Temperat"re of

t/e >ater at/

(*@MC)3 ol"me

of %l",oe

ol"tion( 1+ ml)38ol"me of lime

>ater($ml)

ABSTRACT 0 pro,e of

aeroi,repiration

0

7ETHO;S

Oater at/

>/i,/ i *@MC

. "in% a

t/ermometer

*/- "C'

L7

o oilin% t"e >it/ A an' B(K1)

*-


8/14

@ @-$"SLG

RJ #'

IN(ESTIGATING THE

DIFFERENCES BET?EEN

THE INHALED AND

EXHALED AIR IN TERMS OF

OXYGEN AND CARBON

DIOXIDE CONTENTS

AIM:To 'etermine t/e o&.%en an' ,aron

'io&i'e ,ontent in in/ale' an' e&/ale'

air

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

;oe in/ale' air ,ontain more o&.%enan' le ,aron 'io&i'e t/an e&/ale'

air

HYPOTHESIS:I8*6 *,ontain more o&.%en *6

le ,aron 'io&i'e t/an e&/ale' air

I8*6 *,ontain more ,aron

'io&i'e *6le o&.%en t/an e&/ale' air

E8*6 *,ontain more ,aron

'io&i'e *6le o&.%en t/an in/ale' air

0E8*6 *,ontain more o&.%en *6le ,aron 'io&i'e t/an in/ale' air-


Potai"m /.'ro&i'e ol"tion3

Potai"m p.ro%allate ol"tion

3ater3 0t"e3 R"ler3 Bea6er 3 Boilin%

t"e 3 Bain >ater at/3 R"er t"in%

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE 0t/e len%t/ of air

,ol"mn o,,"pie'

. o&.%en in

in/ale'e&/ale'

air

0 t/e len%t/ of

air ,ol"mn

o,,"pie' .

,aron 'io&i'e

in

in/ale'e&/ale'

air

0T8 /*

;/8 5 *

)-7(Same)

t"'ent

0t"e

;iameter of 0

t"eCon,entrat

ion of KOH

Temperat"re

Time to ,olle,t

air ampleAir

ampleABSTRACT In/ale' air

an' e&/ale'

air

per,enta%eN"ant

it. of o&.%en

an' ,aron

'io&i'e iin/ale'

an' e&/ale' air

0

7ETHO;S

Oa ,/oen a t/e fiel' t"'.-

"K1'

$- F"a'rat of ie 1m & 1m >a "e'-

"K2'"K1'

*- T>o plant pe,ie pe,ie A an' B >a

i'entifie'."K1' "K3'#- T/e N"a'rat >ere t/ro>n at ran'om in t/e

,/ool fiel' "K1'+- T/e area of (,oera%e) ea,/ plant pe,ie

pe,ie A an' pe,ie B >a ,o"nte'- "K4'?- T/e n"mer of in'ii'"al plant pe,ie in

ea,/ N"a'rat >a ,o"nte'-"K4'@- If more t/an /alf of t/e N"are in t/e

N"a'rat i ,oere'3 t/e area of plant pe,ie

P)/*; 5 O2 ! _(y z)_cm 1##=

x cm

& len%t/ of air ,ol"mn of in/ale'e&/ale' air

. len%t/ of air ,ol"mn "pon a''in% porai"m

P)/*; 5 CO2 ! _(x y)_cm 1##=

x cm

& len%t/ of air ,ol"mn of in/ale' e&/ale' air


9/14

pe,ie A an' B in t/e ,/ool fiel'

$ ;oe t/e t.pe of plant pe,ie affe,t

t/e per,enta%e ,oera%e pop"lation

ie 'enit. of t/e plant

*- /i,/ t.pe of t/e plant pe,ie

pe,ie A or B /a t/e /i%/et

per,enta%e ,oera%e pop"lation ie

HYPOTHESIS:1- T/e per,enta%e ,oera%e

pop"lation ie of pe,ie A plant i

/i%/er t/an pe,ie B in t/e ,/ool

fiel'-$- ;ifferent plant pe,ie /ae 'ifferent

per,enta%e ,oera%e pop"lation ie -

*- Plant pe,ie A i more 'ominant

t/an pe,ie B in t/i /aitat-

MATERIALS&APPARATUSPlant pe,ie A an' B an. $ plant

peie Plati, N"a'rat3 mar6er pen3 A#

Paper3 %rap/ paper-

DIAGRAM:

plant

;enit. of

pe,ie

7ETHO;S

O/i,/ are

pe,ie A

an' pe,ie

B

)R("TECHNI

UE'

Measure and

recordt/e area

of ea,/ t.pe of

pe,ie "in% a

N"a'rat 1m & 1m

Fixed t/e ie of

N"a'rat to

1m1m

*R("TECHNIUE'

6efer to the

sentences below.

M/86 *R(Calculate and record t/e per,enta%e ,oera%e of plant

pe,ie A an' B "in% the formulae

Total area ,oere' . t/e pe,ie Q 1554

9"mer of N"a'rat Q area of one N"a'rat

Cal,"late t/e 'enit. of plant pe,ie "in% t/e form"la:

Total n"mer of or%anim in all N"a'rat

9"mer of N"a'rat Q area of one N"a'rat

R-/

>ill e ,o"nte' - T/e area i not ,o"nte' if

onl. le t/an /alf i ,oere'-"K'

- Step + to @ >a repeate' for nine N"a'rat-

"K1'

- T/e area ,oere' . plant pe,ie pe,ie A

an' pe,ie B n"mer of in'ii'"al plant

pe,ie t"'ie' in ea,/ N"a'rat >erere,or'e' an' ta"late' in a tale- "K4'

15- T/e per,enta%e ,oera%e 'enit.

freN"en,. of plant pe,ie pe,ie A an'

pe,ie B >ere ,al,"late' . "in% t/i

form"la: "K4'

11- P)/*; )*; 5 >*/ >) :

Total area ,oere' plant pe,ie in all

N"a'rat Q 1554

Total n"mer of N"a'rat Q area of a N"a'rat

F-) 5 >)

9"mer of N"a'rat ,ontainin% plant pe,ie Q

1554

Total n"mer of N"a'rat

1$- D/ 5 >*/ >)

total n"mer of in'ii'"al pe,ie in all

N"a'rat

Total n"mer of N"a'rat Q area of a N"a'rat

-? ESTIMATING THEPOPULATION SIE OF

GARDEN SNAILS USING

CAPTURE, MARK, RELEASE

AND RECAPTURE

TECHNIUE

AIM:To etimate t/e pop"lation ie of

%ar'en nail "in% ,apt"re3 mar63

releae an' re,apt"re te,/niN"e-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

/at i t/e effe,t of 'ifferent ie of

ample on t/e ie of %ar'en nailpop"lation

HYPOTHESIS:T/e lar%er t/e ie of ample3 t/e more

a,,"rate of t/e nail pop"lation

etimate'-

MATERIALS&APPARATUSSnail3a paintr"/3a ottle of In'ian

in63 a pen an' a noteoo6-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE T/e ie of

ample

0 T/e ie of

reear,/ area

ABSTRACT 0 t/e %ar'en nail

pop"lation

0

7ETHO;S

O/i,/ are

mall an'

lar%e

ample

)R("TECHNI

UE'

0

Fixed t/e ie of

reear,/ area to

1+m1+m

*R("TECHNI

UE'calculate and

record t/e t/e

%ar'en nailpop"lation .

"in% t/e

form"lae:

Pop"lation ie

% a - b& 7 c

a T/e n"mer

of nail

in t/e firt

,apt"re

n"mer of

nail

in t/e e,on',apt"re

, no of mar6e'

ir' in e,on'

,apt"re-

R-/

9"mer of nail

Sie of %ar'en nail

pop"lation

Sample of

firt ,apt"re

Se,on' ,apt"re

Total

n"mer

7ar6e'

nail

1t

ample

1*- Sele,t a "itale lo,ation >it/in .o"r ,/ool

,ompo"n' >it/ t/e area 1+m1+m ."K1'

"K2'1#- Capt"re a man. %ar'en nail a .o" ,an

from t/e pla,e-"K1'

1+- Co"nt t/e %ar'en nail t/at .o" /ae

,apt"re' an' mar6 t/eir /ell >it/ a mall

'ot of In'ian in6- "K4'"K'1?- Releae t/em in t/e ame pla,e >/ere .o"

fo"n' t/em "K1'1@- Go a,6 to t/e ame pla,e after een 'a.-

Capt"re on,e a%ain a man. %ar'en nail a

.o" ,an-

1- Co"nt t/e total n"mer of %ar'en nail .o"

/ae ,apt"re' an' note t/e n"mer of t/oe>/i,/ /a' een mar6e'."K4'

1- Re,or' t/e 'ata in a tale "K1'

$5- Calculate and record t/e pop"lation ie of

%ar'en nail "in% t/e follo>in% form"la:

Pop"lation ie % a - b& 7 c

a8 ,he number of snailsin the first capture

b8 number of snails

in the second capture

c8 no of mar9ed snails in second

capture1*- Repeat t/e tep $ to . "in% t/e lar%er

n"mer of nail ample-"K3'

1#- Re,or' t/e 'ata in t/e tale- "K1'


10/14

$n'

ample

-@"SBP

#0'

IN(ESTIGATING THE

EFFECT OF A CHANGE IN PH

"ABIOTIC FACTOR' ON THE

POPULATION GRO?TH

RATE OF AN ORGANISMAIM:To ineti%ate t/e effe,t of ,/an%e in pH

al"e on t/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate of

:emnap- plant-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

1- ;oe t/e ,/an%e in pH al"e affe,t

t/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate of

:emnap plant

$- /at i t/e effe,t of ,/an%e in pH

al"e on t/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate

of:emnap-

*- /i,/ pH al"e i t/e mot "itale

for t/e in,reae in pop"lation of

:emnap-

HYPOTHESIS:1- T/e pH @ i t/e mot "itale for t/e

in,reae in pop"lation of:emnap-

plant ,ompare' to pH $ an' pH 1#-$- T/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate of

:emnap- plant i t/e /i%/et in

t/e pH @ ,ompare' to pH $ an' pH

1#-


:emnap- plant3 D'itille' >ater 'il"te

/.'ro,/lori, a,i' o'i"m /.'ro&i'e

ol"tion3 ,"lt"re ol"tion pon' >ater-

Bea6er petri 'i/ ,ontainer3

mea"rin% ,.lin'er3 pH paper meter-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE T.pe o f

ol"tion

"e'

T/e in,reae in

pop"lation of

:emnap-

plant-

Spe,ie of

:emnap-

plant ol"me

of >ater ,"lt"reol"tion

,on,entration of

n"trient

temperat"re

li%/t intenit.

time

ABSTRACT ;ifferent

pH al"e

pH $3 pH @

an' pH 1#

T/e pop"lation

%ro>t/ rate of

:emnap-

plant-

0

7ETHO;S

Ot/ rate of

:emnap-

plant ('a.01)

;a.01 ;a.0+In,reae

;e,reae

9e"tral

A,i'i,

Al6ali

1- C/ooe:emna p- plant of t/e ame ie-

"K1'"K2'$- C/ooe ta6e t/ree petri 'i/e of t/e am

ie."K1'

*- Lael t/e petri 'i/e a A3 B an' C."K1'#- Po"r + ml of 'itille' >ater into petri 'i/

A3 + ml of /.'ro,/lori, a,i' into petri 'i/

B an' + ml of o'i"m /.'ro&i'e ol"tion

into petri 'i/ C- "K1'"K3'

+- Tet t/e pH al"e of ea,/ ol"tion "in% pH

paper (an' re,or' in a tale)-"K1'

?- Po"r + ml of ,"lt"re ol"tion pon' >ater

into ea,/ petri 'i/-"K1'"K2'

@- P"t +:emna sp.plant into ea,/ petri 'i/-

"K1'

- Re,or' in a tale."K1'- Pla,e t/e petri 'i/e on t/e tale near t/e

>in'o> in t/e laorator.."K2'15-C/an%e t/e ol"tion in t/e petri 'i/e eer.

'a.-"K'11-Co"nt t/e n"mer of:emna sp- plant after

+ 'a.-"K4'1$-Cal,"late t/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate of

:emna sp.plantusing a formula "K4'

T/e pop"lation %ro>t/ rate of Lemna p-

9"mer of:emna sp + 'a.

1*-Repeat t/e e&periment tep 1 "ntil 11 to

%et t/e a,,"rate re"lt- "K'

14.T*9-*/ /8 6*/* /8 /*9 9at,/3 >ater at/3 t/ermometer-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8

CO9CRETE ;ifferenttemperat"re

of >ater

at/

Hei%/t of t/e,olo"re' liN"i'

in t/e

manometer

8ol"me of .eat"penion

ABSTRACT 0 0

7ETHO;S

Oater poll"tion

at lo,ation P F R

HYPOTHESIS:T/e >ater at lo,ation R i more poll"te'

,ompare' to lo,ation P an' lo,ation F-

T/e >ater at lo,ation R i t/e motpoll"te' ,ompare' to lo,ation P an'

lo,ation F T/e met/.lene l"e ol"tion

too6 t/e /ortet time to 'e,olo"rie in

ample >ater R ,ompare' to ample

>ater F an' P-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:7et/.lene l"e ol"tion (5-14)3 >ater

ample3 top >at,/3 rea%ent ottle3

.rin%e >it/ nee'le3 mea"rin% ,.lin'er-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE Lo,ation of

>ater

Time ta6en to

'e,olo"rie

met/.lene l"e

ol"tion

8ol"me of >ater

ample

(155ml)

ol"me of

met/.lene l"e

ol"tion (1ml)

,on,entration of

met/.lene l"eol"tion

ABSTRACT 0 Leel of >aterpoll"tion 0

7ETHO;S

Oater

ample

from t/e

lo,ation P3

F3 an' R

)R("TECHNI

UE'Measure and

record time to

'e,olo"rie

met/.lene l"e

ol"tion . "in%

a stopwatch

Fixed t/e

ol"me of

met/.lene l"e

ol"tion >/i,/

i 1 ml by using

a measuring

cylinder.

*R("TECHNI

UE'*

R-/:

Rea%e

ntottle

ater

ample

Time ta6en to

'e,olo"riemet/.lene

l"e ol"tion (/)

Leel of >ater

poll"tion(/01)

A P

B F

C R

1- ater ample are ,olle,te' from P3F an' R

"K1'$- T/e rea%ent ottle are laelle' A3B3C- "K1'

*- 7ea"re 1## 7 5 from P3F

an' R eparatel. an' po"r into t/e rea%ent

ottle laelle' A3B an' C repe,tiel.- "K2'

"K3'#- 1 7 5 7/8 9- -/i a''e' to

t/e ae of ea,/ >ater ample "in% a

.rin%e-"K2'

+- T/e rea%ent ottle are ,loe' >it/ t/etopper imme'iatel.."K1' "K'

?- T/e ,ontent of t/e ottle ,annot e /a6en

"K'@- All t/e rea%ent ottle are 6ept in a 'ar6

,"poar' "K'- T/e top>at,/ i a,tiate'."K1'

- T/e ottle are e&amine' from time to time.

"K1'

15-T/e time ta6en for t/e met/.lene l"e

ol"tion to 'e,olo"rie e,ome ,olo"rle

i re,or'e' for all t/e >ater ample."K4'11-T/e re"lt are re,or'e' in a tale- "K1'

15 15-@ SHO?ING XYLEM AS ACONTINUOUS TUBE SYSTEM

THAT TRANSPORTS ?ATER

AND MINERALS

AIM:To /o> t/at &.lem a a ,ontin"o" t"e

,an tranport >ater an' mineral-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:;oe Q.lem ti"e form a ,ontin"o"

t"e .tem t/at tranport >ater an'

mineral from t/e root to t/e /ootHYPOTHESIS:Q.lem ti"e form a ,ontin"o" t"e

.tem t/at tranport >ater an'

mineral from t/e root to t/e /oot-

Q.lem ti"e ,an tranport >ater an'

mineral-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:A alam plant3 eoin ol"tion3 ea6er3

raor la'e3 mi,ro,ope li'e3 ,oer

lip3 a mi,ro,ope3 for,ep3 a >/ite tile3

petri 'i/ an' a paintr"/-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE Part of

plant at

leae3 tem

an' root

T/e ti"e

taine' re' >it/

t/e re' ,olor of

eoin-

T.pe of plant

ABSTRACT 0 Part of plant

ti"e t/at ,an

tranport >ater

an' mineral-

0

7ETHO;S

O/i,/

are at leaf3

tem an'

root

)R("TECHNI

UE'

Observe and

record t/e

ti"e taine'

re' >it/ t/e re'

,olor of eoin .

"in% a

microscope.

Used the same

t.pe of plant

>/i,/ i t/e

Balam plant-

*R("TECHNI

UE'*

1- T/e root of Balam plant i >a/e' "K1'

"K2'$- T/e root i immere' in eoine ol"tion for

*5 min"te- (K1)

*- /en t/e re' eoin ol"tion /a penetrate'

into t/e ein of t/e leae3 t/e plant i

remoe'- (K+)

#- T/in e,tion of t/e tem are ,"t >it/ raor

la'e-(K1)

+- A paintr"/ i "e' to tranfer a t/in ,ro

e,tion of t/e tem onto a 'rop of >ater on a%la li'e-(K1)

?- T/e e,tion i ,oere' >it/ a ,oer lip an'

e&amine' "n'er a mi,ro,ope-(K1)

@- T/e ti"e >/i,/ /a een taine' >it/ t/e

re' ,olo"r of eoin i i'entifie'(K#)

- Step #0? are repeate' >it/ t/e ,ro e,tion

of root an' leaf-(K*)

- ;ia%ram of ,ro e,tion of t/e root3 tem

an' leaf "n'er lo> po>er i 'ra>n an'in'i,ate' t/e part taine' re'-(K#)

R-/:Part of plant Cro e,tion of

plant

Leaf

Stem


12/14

Root

15 15-* CARRYING OUT BARKRINGING TO SHO? THE

ROLE OF PHLOEM IN THE

CONTINUOUS TRANSPORT

OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES.

AIM:

To /o> t/e role of p/loem in t/e,ontin"o" tranport of or%ani,

"tan,e-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

1-/at i t/e effe,t of remoin% a rin%

of p/loem ti"e from t/e tem of a tree

$- ;oe t/e remoin% a rin% of p/loemti"e from t/e tem of a tree >ill affe,t

t/e tranportation of or%ani, "tan,e

HYPOTHESIS:T/e rin%e' tem /o> ti"e aoe t/e

rin% >ell3 >/erea t/e ti"e elo>

t/e rin% ten' to >it/er-


S/arp 6nife3 Healt/. /ii,"

tree38aelin an' mea"rin% tape-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE A tem t/at

i rin%e'

an' a tem

t/at i not

rin%e'

T/e ,on'ition

aoe an' elo>

t/e rin% after one

mont/

T/e 'iameter

of t/e temaoe an' elo>

t/e rin% after one

mont/-

Con'ition of

enironment3

t.pe of plant3

time of t/e

e&periment

ABSTRACT 0 Part of plant

ti"e t/at ,an

tranport or%ani,

"tan,e-

0

7ETHO;S

O t/e rin%

after one mont/

. "in%ameasuring tape.

Used the same

t.pe of plant>/i,/ i t/e

Hii," plant-

*R("TECHNI

UE'*

1- T>o tree tem of /ii," plant are ,/ooen

an' laelle' A an' B-(K1) (K$)

$- A 6nife i "e' to remoe a ,omplete rin% o

ar6 from a tree tem A- (K1)

*- 8aeline i applie' on t/e e&poe' ti"e-

(K1)(K+)

#- ;ra> t/e ,on'ition of tem -Measure andrecord initial 'iameter of t/e tem aoe

an' elo> t/e rin% . "in% a measuring

tape.(K#)(K1)

+- After 7/83 t/e ,on'ition of t/e rin%e'

tem aoe an' elo> t/e rin% are oere'

an' re,or'e'-( K#)(K$)

?- A 'ra>in% of t/e tem ,on'ition i

'ra>n-Measure and record t/e 'iameter of

t/e tem aoe an' elo> t/e rin% after one

mont/ . "in% a measuring tape.(K#)

@- Repeat tep #3 + an' ? . "in% tem B for

not rin%e' tem-(K*)

- T/e ,on'ition of t/e tem i ,ompare' to t/e

tem t/at i not rin%e'-(K#)

R-/:T.pe of

tem

;iameter

(,m)

,on'ition

Before one

mont/

;iameter

(,m)

,on'ition

After one

mont/

A Rin%e'

Stem

B 9ot

Rin%e'

tem

15 15- STUDYING THE EFFECT OFAIR MO(EMENT ON THE

RATE OF TRANSPIRATION

BY USING POTOMETER.

AIM:To t"'. t/e effe,t of air moement on

t/e rate of tranpiration-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

/at are t/e effe,t of t/e tate 'ifferentpee' of air moement on t/e rate of

tranpiration

HYPOTHESIS:A t/e pee' of t/e air moement

in,reae3 t/e rate of tranpiration

in,reae

T/e rate of tranpiration i /i%/er in a

moin% air t/an in a till air

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:Capillar. t"e3 r"er t"e3 top >at,/3

r"ler3 ea6er3 fan3 retort tan' >it/

,lamp3 raor la'e3 ain3 mar6er3 Plant

/oot3 >ater3 aeline

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE State

pee' of air

moement

Time ta6en for

air "le to

trael from P to

F (min)

Con'ition of

enironment3

t.pe of plant3

ABSTRACT 0 Rate of

tranpiration

0

7ETHO;S

O/i,/ i t/e

Hii," plant-

/ Fixedt/e

temperat"re of

"rro"n'in% to

*@MC . using

the

thermometer.

*R("TECHNI

UE'Calculate and

record t/e rate of

tranpiration .

"in% t/e

form"lae of

distance

travelled dividedby time ta9en

R-/:

State of

air

moem

entSpe

e' of

t/e fan

Time ta6en for air "le to trael from Q

to Y3 (min)

Rate of

tranpir

ation

min01

1 1 $ * Aera%e

$

1. C8 *6 )-/ 55 * *5 8/ 57 *

89)- >*/."K1'"K2'

2. I77 /8 )-/ 6 776*/ / *

9* 5 it/ t/e ot/er en' of t/e ,apillar.

t"e immere in a ea6er of >ater (K1)

$. ipe 'r. t/e leae an' apparat" "in% 'r.

,lot/

0. Smear all t/e oint of t/e apparat" >it/

aeline to preent lea6a%e (K+)

1#.Pla,e t/e apparat" "n'er t/e fan >/i,/ i

>it,/e' off-

11.Intro'",e an air "le into t/e ,apillar.

t"e . liftin% t/e en' of t/e ,apillar. t"eo"t of t/e ea6er for a /ort >/i le an' t/en

ret"rne' it to t/e ea6er a%ain (K1)

12.Allo> t/e air "le to moe "ntil it rea,/et/e P mar6 an' a,tiate t/e top >at,/

13.Stop t/e top >at,/ >/en t/e air "le

rea,/e t/e F mar6

14.Measure and record the time ta6en for air

"le to trael from P to Fby using a

stopwatchin t/e tale proi'e' (K#) (K1)

1.Repeat tep 1to 1# to otain an aera%e

rea'in%

1.Repeat t/e aoe tep . >it,/in% on t/e

fan "in% 'ifferent pee' of t/e fan (pee'

13 $3 *3 #3 +) an' re,or' t/e re"lt (K*)

K1 : P>**/ 5 >)7 *6 *>>**/- %

>/7/ "*/ */ 4S / ;/ * /)@'


13/14

*

#

+

S1: C/ooe a leaf. /oot

S$: C"t t/e tem oliN"el.

S*: Inert t/e r"er t"e into ,apillar. t"e

S#: Inert t/e ,"t tem to t/e r"er t"e

S+: Set "p t/e apparat" in "pri%/t poition

S?: Intro'",e t/e air "le

K3 : H*6; /8 7*>-*/6 **9

it,/ on an' fan >it,/ on

K2 : H*6; /8 )/6 **9

C/ooe an' ,"t off a leaf. /oot from a /ii,"

plant-

K4 : H*6; >6; **9 %C)/; *6 )6; 6*/*

0 a,tiate t/e top >at,/ at Q

0 top t/e top >at,/ at Y

*Measure and record the time ta6en for air

"le to trael from P to Fby using a

stopwatch

K : A))-*) 5 /8 6*/* 9/*6 %

P)*-/0 repeat t/e tep an' fin' t/e aera%e

0 mear >it/ aeline to preent lea6a%e >ipe

'r. t/e leae an' apparat"

1$ 1$-1 STUDYING THE EFFECT OFDIFFERENT UANTITIES OF

?ATER INTAKE TO THE

URINE OUTPUT

AIM:

To t"'. t/e effe,t of 'ifferent N"antitieof >ater inta6e ol"me of 'rin6 on t/e

ol"me of "rine o"tp"t-

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

/at i t/e effe,t of 'ifferent N"antitie

of >ater inta6e on t/e ol"me of "rine

o"tp"t

HYPOTHESIS:T/e more >ater (78) 'r"n63 t/e more

t/e ol"me of "rine o"tp"t (R8) i

forme'-

T/e /i%/er t/e N"antit. of >ater inta6e

(78)3 t/e more t/e ol"me of "rine

o"tp"t (R8) i forme'-

MATERIALS&APPARATUS:St"'ent3 paper ,"p3 'rin6in% >ater3

mea"rin% ,.lin'er-

DIAGRAM:

78 R8 C8CO9CRETE 8ol"me of

'rin6

F"antit. of

>ater

inta6e .t"'ent-

8ol"me of "rine

pro'",e

Enironmental

,on'ition

(temperat"re3

/"mi'it.)

Gen'er3 ie an'a%e of t"'ent

ABSTRACT 0

7ETHO;S

Oater3

t"'ent B *55 ml of mineral >ater3 t"'ent C

#55 ml of mineral >ater an' t"'ent ; +55

ml of mineral >ater to 'rin6-(K1)(K*)

#- Measure and recordt/e ol"me of "rine

o"tp"t of t/e t"'ent >it/in t/at /o"r-(K#)

+- T/e "rine pro'",e' i ,olle,te' in paper

,"p an' mea"re' into mea"rin% ,.lin'er

(K1)

?- Re,or' t/e ol"me of "rine pro'",e' .

ea,/ t"'ent in tale-(K1)


14/14

1+ 1+-1 IN(ESTIGATING (ARIATIONIN HUMANS

AIM:To ineti%ate t/e t.pe of

ariation(78) amon% t"'ent(R8) in +

a"/ari-

To t"'. t/e n"mer of t"'ent(R8)

>it/ 'ifferent /ei%/t an' t.pe of

fin%erprint(78)

PROBLEM STATEMENT:1- ;o all t/e t"'ent /ae t/e ame

t.pe of fin%erprint an' /ei%/t t.pe

of ariation$- ;o 'ifferent t.pe of fin%erprint an'

/ei%/t affe,t t/e n"mer of t"'ent

HYPOTHESIS:;ifferent -79 5 /-6/(R8)

/o> 655/ /> 5 5;>/

*6 8;8/ "M(' % /> 5 **/

inerel.


1' S/-6/ M

$) Grap/ paper 0 7

*) A# paper >/ite

paper 0 7

#) ti"e paper ,lot/ 0

7

+) /i,/are 1@ .ear ol'-

*R("TECHNI

UE'*

R-/:

St"'ent2

name

T.pe of fin%er print Hei%/t

"7'>/orl C"re Compoite loop

1-

$-

*-

#-

+-

?-

@-

-

-

15

@- Ten name of t"'ent in t/ ame a%e >ere

>ritten 'o>n in a tale (K1) (K$)

- T/e /ei%/t i mea"re' . "in% a metre

r"ler an' re,or'e' in a tale- (K1) (K#)

- T/ e&periment i repeate' . ineti%atin%

t/ t.pe of fin%erprint( K*)15-B. "in% a fin%erprint pa'3 pla,e' t/e

t/"mprint on a >/ite papert>i,e- ( K1)

11-B. "in% a /an' len3 t/ t.pe of t/"m prin

>ere oere' an' i'entif.- (K#)

1$-Step $ "ntil + >ere repeate' to ot/er

t"'ent in t/ ame %ro"p- (K*)1*-T/ mea"rement of /ei%/t an' fin%erprint

are repeate' t>i,e to %et t/ aera%e- (K+)

1#-T>o %rap/ on t/ n"mer of t"'ent

a%aint t/ t.pe of ariation >ere plotte'-

(K1)

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