Checklist of Wisconsin Birds · categories, but not older records or lone records ... Harlequin...
Transcript of Checklist of Wisconsin Birds · categories, but not older records or lone records ... Harlequin...
Wisconsin DNR–Endangered ResourcesNatural Resources Foundation of Wisconsin
Wisconsin Bird Conservation InitiativeWisconsin Society for OrnithologyWisconsin Department of Tourism
Wisconsin Department of Administration
Checklist of WISCONSIN
BIRDS
Checklist of WISCONSIN
BIRDS
Cover illustration courtesy of Kenn Kaufman.Interior illustrations courtesy of Cary Hunkel, Jim McEvoy, Linda Pohlod, and Charles Schwartz.
Acknowledgments
Sincere gratitude is extended to the following individuals forbringing this project to fruition. Susan Foote-Martin helped
guide the project and worked on the GWBNT map. SumnerMatteson utilized three different Wisconsin checklists andWisconsin Birdlife to develop the checklist, with significant inputfrom Robert Domagalski and Bill Mueller. Randy Hoffman cre-ated succinct definitions to match the habitat types listed at thetop of each page. Tim Cooke and Dustin Driese worked withSumner to compile preliminary and final drafts of the checklistfor publication. Robert Domagalski, David Sample, CraigThompson, Randy Hoffman, William A. Smith, Noel Cutright,and Bill Mueller reviewed the checklist for accuracy and read-ability. Michelle Voss created the checklist’s design and lay-out.Funding for the checklist came from: the Lorraine HoltzMemorial Fund (Seanna Holtz, Deborah Gillespie, and SigneHoltz), Ron Halvorson, Laurie Osterndorf, Bob and ConnieRoden, the Natural Resources Foundation of Wisconsin, AlShea, Steven W. Miller and his best birding pals—daughters,Marcela, Ginger, Debbie, and Kami, and through donations tothe Great Wisconsin Birding and Nature Gift Fund.
The Great Wisconsin Birding and Nature Trail (GWBNT)Checklist
(Second Edition, 2008)
Preface for Second Edition
For this Second Edition, we have added 5 species to theChecklist (Cackling Goose, White-winged Tern, Green-
breasted Mango, Rock Wren, Great-tailed Grackle) and deletedone (Streak-backed Oriole) based on input from Bill Mueller,the Wisconsin Society for Ornithology’s Conservation Chair.We also updated other checklist elements to reflect the mostcurrent information on Wisconsin birds.
Sumner W. MattesonSusan Foote-Martin
February 2008
“When dandelions have set the mark of May on Wisconsin pastures, it is time to listen for the final proof
of spring. Sit down on a tussock, cock your ears at the sky, dial out thebedlam of meadowlarks and redwings,
and soon you may hear it: the flight-songof the upland plover [Upland Sandpiper],
just now back from the Argentine.”
—Aldo Leopold,“Back from the Argentine,”
A Sand County Almanac
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A Personal Message from Signe HoltzDirector, Bureau of Endangered Resources, Wisconsin DNR
This checklist is a tribute to all of you who love Wisconsinbirds and share that love with others—your parents, your
children, your grandchildren, nieces and nephews, your students, and your friends. I hope that it helps you in yourpursuit of beauty and diversity in this wonderful state ofWisconsin. Please share it with others and use it to help oth-ers find their way to nature.
Some people have told me that their parents wereinstrumental in connecting them to nature; others have saidtheir teachers showed them the way to nature; and othershave mentioned their spouse or close friend.
As for me, my parents—Lorraine White Holtz and AlfredK. Holtz—were my gateway to nature. My sisters and I holdthese memories dear: our forays into the woods of southernWisconsin to see spring wildflowers, the Purple Martins arriv-ing at my father’s bird house in the spring and treating us toaerial shows all summer, the birds from the north coming toour feeders in the winter. For my father, it was his grade schoolteacher in Columbus—who also happened to be his AuntMary Holtz—who cultivated in him a deep appreciation ofthe great diversity of bird life in Wisconsin. And for mymother, it was her brother, Donald White, who roamed thepine barrens near Spooner with her. These skills last people alifetime. In my mother’s last year with us, we went to seeYellow-headed Blackbirds in a marsh near Columbus, and shewas delighted to hear their raspy calls.
I’m sure that you are grateful, as I am, for the great giftthat these lovers of nature have given to us.
Please—Pass it on!
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Notes on Compiling the GWBNT Checklist…
We consulted the following sources in compiling thischecklist: 1) Wisconsin Birdlife, Population and Distribu-
tion, Past and Present (Robbins 1991), 2) The Wisconsin Societyfor Ornithology’s (WSO) Breeding Bird Atlas (WBBA) (1995-2000), 3) WSO’s Wisconsin Birds, A Checklist with MigrationGraphs, Sixth Edition (Temple et al. 2003), 4) Checklists ofWisconsin Vertebrates (Watermolen and Murrell 2001), and 5)Wisconsin Annotated Checklist (Mueller 2008). The taxonomicorder of common bird names follows the Seventh Edition(including 48th Supplement) of the American Ornithologists’Union’s Check-List of North American Birds (AOU 1998). Weoccasionally modified subheadings for bird families.
We have adopted the official WSO notations for “SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION” and “STATUS”, with somemodifications.
1) A solid black dot (l) indicates seasonal occurrences or occurrence as a “Migrant Only” (spring and/or fallmigrant, sometimes a winter or summer wanderer).
2) This symbol (V) indicates summer migrants or birdsthat are possible or rare during “Summer” or “Winter”.
3) A bird species that is considered breeding “Breeds” inthe state if it has been documented as nesting more than1 year in the past 30 years. This includes the WBBA’s“confirmed” and “probable” (useful for secretive nesters)categories, but not older records or lone records (e.g.Black Scoter, Bay-breasted Warbler, Rusty Blackbird,etc.) for the purposes of this checklist. Accordingly,each breeding bird species receives a check mark (3).
4) “Regular” means present every year.
5) “Rare” means found annually 8 or fewer times.
6) We have combined “Casual” and “Accidental” speciesfor the purposes of this checklist because of the relativerarity of observing species within this category. Together,birds in this category have been documented once every1-5 years or less often. We are not including extirpatedor hypothetical bird species, or species for which thereare nineteenth century records only.
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We have adopted the same habitat codes (“Wet Meadows”added) as presented in WSO’s Checklist (2003) to maintain con-sistency and simplicity, and we have provided definitions for thehabitat types presented on pages 4 and 5. As indicated in theFifth Edition of WSO’s Checklist (1988), habitat types “are to beused as a general guide. Particularly when they are migrating,some species may be encountered in habitats other than thoselisted. [The] intention has been to describe the typical habitat inwhich one’s chances of finding the species are greatest.”
The map above shows GWBNT Breeding Regions. In thechecklist “GWBNT Breeding Region” indicates where a breed-ing bird species occurs. Each GWBNT region is based on aconsolidation of the Wisconsin DNR’s map of 16 EcologicalLandscapes that are used for planning and implementing con-servation measures in the state.
Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. These are birdswith all or part of their populations breeding north of the Tropicof Cancer in Mexico and the Caribbean and all or part of theirpopulations wintering south of that line (Rappole 1995).
Sumner W. Matteson and Susan Foote-Martin Bureau of Endangered Resources, Wisconsin DNR
DOUGLAS
BAYFIELD
ASHLANDIRON
SAWYERWASHBURN
POLK
ST. CROIX
BARRON
CHIPPEWA
PEPIN
BUFFALO
MARATHON
ONIEDA
MENOMINEE
LINCOLN
OUTAGAMIE
WAUPACA
KEW
AUN
EE
MARINETTE
PORTAGE
WIN
NEB
AGO
WAUSHARA
WOOD
BROWN
BURNETT
RUSK
TAYLOR
PRICE
DUNN
PIERCE EAU CLAIRE
CLARK
SHAWANODOOR
SHEB
OYG
AN
FOND DU LAC
MAN
ITO
WO
C
CAL
UM
ET
OZA
UKE
E
WAS
HING
TON
JEFFERSON
DODGE
MIL
WAU
KEEWAUKESHA
RACINE
KENOSHA
WALWORTHROCKGREEN
IOWA
DANE
LAFAYETTE
COLUMBIA
VERNON
SAUK
GRANT
GREEN LAKE
MAR
QU
ETTE
JUNEAU ADAMS
JACKSON
MONROE
LACROSSE
TREM
PEAL
EAU
RICHLAND
CRAWFORD
VILAS
FOREST FLORENCE
OCONTO
LANGLADE
I
II III
IV
V
Great Wisconsin Birding and Nature Trail (GWBNT) Breeding Regions.
Lake Superior/North Woods
Lake Michigan
Mississippi/Chippewa Rivers
Central Sands Prairie
Southern Savanna
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Definitions of Habitat Types
A. Great Lakes – Open water of LakeMichigan and Lake Superior from thewash zone to deep water.
B. Inland Waters – Open water of lakesand streams.
C. Great Lakes Shores – Beaches (rockyand sand), dunes, bedrock, shorelinewoods, bluffs, cliffs, and estuary mudflats.
D. Inland Shores – Areas of sparse vegeta-tion (mudflats, sandbars, gravel, and rock)along the shores of inland streams andlakes.
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows – Deepand shallow marshes are open, wet areaswith few shrubs and characterized by amixture of emergent, floating, and sub-merged aquatic vegetation (cattails,sedges, pondweeds, rushes, water lilies,arrowhead, etc.). Deep marshes reach 5-6 feet deep or more and feature openwater interspersed with floating vegeta-tion. Wet meadows are transitionalbetween marshes and swamps and fea-ture rushes, sedges, water-loving grasses,ferns, and some cattails.
F. Swamps and Bogs – Forested to openareas that are wet most of the year andtypically have tamarack, black spruce,white cedar, black ash, red maple, or lowshrubs (alder, willows, leatherleaf, sweetgale, Labrador tea) as dominant species;
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the groundlayer of bogs is typically cov-ered by sphagnum moss.
G. Grasslands – Grassy areas—from wet todry—that are mostly open (i.e., with fewtrees and shrubs). Examples includeprairies, old fields, conservation area plant-ings, and pastures.
H. Croplands – Actively managed agricul-tural lands with rotating crops of corn,soybeans, small grains (wheat, oats, barely,rye), and hay, but also including othervegetable and fruit crops.
I. Brushy Areas – Upland or wet areasdominated by shrubs. Includes succes-sional stages from old fields to forest in uplands, or shrubs associated withwetlands.
J. Deciduous Woods – Forest lands withpredominant species (oaks, maples, birch,aspen, etc.) that lose their leaves by winter.
K. Coniferous Woods – Forest lands withpredominant species (pines, spruce, fir,hemlock) that retain their leaves (nee-dles) throughout the year.
L. Urban Areas – City buildings, industrialareas, residential back yards, clustered ruraldevelopment areas, parks, cemeteries,manicured corporate lawns and ponds,horticultural plantings, etc.
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
IIIIIIIVV
WHISTLING-DUCKS, GEESE, SWANS, DUCKS
Black-bellied Whistling-Duck V l l BE
Fulvous Whistling-Duck l l BE
Greater White-fronted Goose V l l ABEH
Snow Goose V V l l ABEH
Ross’s Goose l l ABE
Brant l l ABE
Cackling Goose l l ABEHL
Canada Goose l l l 3 l ABEHL ALL
Mute Swan l l 3 l ABL ALL
Trumpeter Swan (E) l l 3 l ABE I, II, IV
Tundra Swan V V l l ABE
Wood Duck l V 3 l BEF ALL
Gadwall l V 3 l ABE ALL
Eurasian Wigeon l l B
American Wigeon l V 3 l ABE I, IV, V
American Black Duck l l 3 l ABE ALL
Mallard l l 3 l ABEL ALL
Blue-winged Teal l V 3 l ABE ALL
Cinnamon Teal l l B
Northern Shoveler l V 3 l ABE ALL
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
I
II III
IV
V
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Northern Pintail l V 3 l ABE I, III, V
Green-winged Teal l V 3 l ABE ALL
Canvasback l V l AB
Redhead l V 3 l ABE ALL
Ring-necked Duck l V 3 l ABE I, II, IV, V
Greater Scaup V l l AB
Lesser Scaup l V 3 l AB I, IV
King Eider V l l A
Common Eider l l AB
Harlequin Duck l l A
Surf Scoter V l l AB
White-winged Scoter V l l AB
Black Scoter V l l AB
Long-tailed Duck V l l AB
Bufflehead V l l AB
Common Goldeneye l l 3 l AB I, III, V
Barrow’s Goldeneye l l A
Smew l l A
Hooded Merganser l V 3 l ABEF ALL
Common Merganser l l 3 l AB I, III, IV
Red-breasted Merganser l l 3 l AB I, III, IV
Ruddy Duck l l 3 l ABE II-V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
PARTRIDGE, PHEASANT, GROUSE, TURKEY, QUAIL
Gray Partridge l l 3 l GH ALL
Ring-necked Pheasant l l 3 l EGHI ALL
Ruffed Grouse l l 3 l JK ALL
Spruce Grouse (T) l l 3 l FK I
Sharp-tailed Grouse l l 3 l GI I, II
Greater Prairie-Chicken (T) l l 3 l GH I, IV
Wild Turkey l l 3 l GHIJ ALL
Northern Bobwhite l l 3 l GI II-V
LOONS
Red-throated Loon V V l l AB
Pacific Loon V l l AB
Common Loon l V 3 l AB I-IV
GREBES
Pied-billed Grebe l V 3 l BE ALL
Horned Grebe l V l AB
Red-necked Grebe (E) l 3 l BE ALL
Eared Grebe V l 3 l AB II, IV
Western Grebe l 3 l AB IV
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
PELICANS
American White Pelican l 3 l AB III, V
Brown Pelican l l AB
CORMORANTS
Double-crested Cormorant l V 3 l AB ALL
DARTERS
Anhinga l l EF
FRIGATEBIRDS
Magnificent Frigatebird l l A
BITTERNS, HERONS
American Bittern l V 3 l EF ALL
Least Bittern l 3 l E ALL
Great Blue Heron l V 3 l CDEF ALL
Great Egret (T) l 3 l DEF II-V
Snowy Egret (E) l 3 l DE III
Little Blue Heron V l l DE
Tricolored Heron V l l BE
Cattle Egret l 3 l DEG I, III, IV
Green Heron l 3 l DEF ALL
Black-crowned Night-Heron l V 3 l CDEF II-VYellow-crownedNight-Heron (T) l 3 l EF IV, V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
IBISES
White Ibis l l E
Glossy Ibis l l E
White-faced Ibis l l E
STORKS
Wood Stork l l EF
VULTURES
Black Vulture l l GI
Turkey Vulture l V 3 l GHIJK ALL
OSPREY, KITES, EAGLES, HAWKS
Osprey (T) l 3 l BCDF ALL
Swallow-tailed Kite l l E
White-tailed Kite l l GI
Mississippi Kite l l FGI
Bald Eagle l l 3 l BCDGJ ALL
Northern Harrier l l 3 l EGHI ALL
Sharp-shinned Hawk l l 3 l FIJKL ALL
Cooper’s Hawk l l 3 l IJKL ALL
Northern Goshawk l l 3 l IJK I, II, III, IV
Harris’s Hawk l l IJ
Red-shouldered Hawk (T) l l 3 l FJK ALL
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Broad-winged Hawk l 3 l IJK ALL
Swainson’s Hawk l l GHIJ
Red-tailed Hawk l l 3 l GIJKL ALL
Ferruginous Hawk V l l GH
Rough-legged Hawk V l l EGH
Golden Eagle V l GHIJ
FALCONS
American Kestrel l l 3 l GHIL ALL
Merlin l V 3 l CDFGIKL I, III
Gyrfalcon l l CGHI
Peregrine Falcon (E) l l 3 l CDGHL I, II, III, V
RAILS, GALLINULES, COOTS
Yellow Rail (T) l 3 l EF I, III, IV
Black Rail l l E
King Rail l 3 l E IV, V
Virginia Rail l V 3 l E ALL
Sora l V 3 l E ALL
Purple Gallinule l l E
Common Moorhen l 3 l E II-V
American Coot l l 3 l ABE ALL
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.**Recently reintroduced. 12
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
CRANES
Sandhill Crane l V 3 l EGH ALL
Whooping Crane** l 3 l EGH
PLOVERS
Black-bellied Plover V l l CD
American Golden Plover V l l CDGH
Snowy Plover l l C
Semipalmated Plover V l l CD
Piping Plover (E) l 3 l CD II, III
Killdeer l V 3 l CDGHL ALL
STILTS, AVOCETS
Black-necked Stilt V l l E
American Avocet V l l CD
SANDPIPERS
Greater Yellowlegs V l l CDE
Lesser Yellowlegs V l l CDE
Solitary Sandpiper V l l CDF
Willet V l l CD
Spotted Sandpiper l 3 l CD ALL
Upland Sandpiper l 3 l GH ALL
Whimbrel V l l CD
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Long-billed Curlew l l CD
Hudsonian Godwit V l l CD
Marbled Godwit V l l CD
Ruddy Turnstone V l l CDG
Black Turnstone l l CD
Red Knot V l l CD
Sanderling V l l CD
Semipalmated Sandpiper V l l CD
Western Sandpiper V l l CD
Least Sandpiper V l l CD
White-rumped Sandpiper V l l CD
Baird’s Sandpiper V l l CDG
Pectoral Sandpiper V l l CDGH
Purple Sandpiper V l l C
Dunlin V l l CD
Curlew Sandpiper l l D
Stilt Sandpiper V l l CD
Buff-breasted Sandpiper l l G
Ruff l l D
Short-billed Dowitcher V l l CD
Long-billed Dowitcher V l l CD
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
SANDPIPERS continued
Wilson’s Snipe l V 3 l CDEF ALL
American Woodcock l 3 l FIJ ALL
Wilson’s Phalarope l 3 l DE I, III, IV, V
Red-necked Phalarope V l l ACD
Red Phalarope l l A
GULLS, TERNS
Laughing Gull V l l A
Franklin’s Gull V l l ABH
Little Gull l 3 l AC III
Black-headed Gull V l l CD
Bonaparte’s Gull l V 3 l AB I, III
Black-tailed Gull l l AC
Mew Gull l l AC
Ring-billed Gull l l 3 l ABH ALL
California Gull l l AB
Herring Gull l l 3 l AB I, III, IV, V
Thayer’s Gull l l AC
Iceland Gull l l AC
Lesser Black-backed Gull V l l AC
Glaucous-winged Gull l l A
I
II III
IV
V
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Glaucous Gull V l l AC
Great Black-backed Gull l l 3 l AC III
Sabine’s Gull l l A
Black-legged Kittiwake l l AB
Ross’s Gull l l A
Ivory Gull l l ABCD
Caspian Tern (E) l 3 l AB III
Royal Tern l l AC
Common Tern (E) l 3 l ABCE I, III, IV, V
Arctic Tern l l AC
Forster’s Tern (E) l 3 l ABCE II-V
Least Tern l l ABC
Sooty Tern l l AB
White-winged Tern l l AB
Black Tern l 3 l ABE ALL
JAEGERS
Pomarine Jaeger l l AC
Parasitic Jaeger l l AC
Long-tailed Jaeger l l AC
ALCIDS
Dovekie l l A
Ancient Murrelet l l AB
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
IIIIIIIVV
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
I
II III
IV
V
PIGEONS, DOVES
Rock Pigeon l l 3 l HL ALL
Band-tailed Pigeon l l HJ
Eurasian Collared-Dove l l l L
White-winged Dove l l H
Mourning Dove l l 3 l GHIL ALL
Common Ground-Dove l l H
CUCKOOS, ANIS
Yellow-billed Cuckoo l 3 l IJ ALL
Black-billed Cuckoo l 3 l IJ ALL
Groove-billed Ani l l I
BARN OWLS
Barn Owl (E) l l 3 l EGIL I, II, IV, V
OWLS
Eastern Screech-Owl l l 3 l JL ALL
Great Horned Owl l l 3 l FJK ALL
Snowy Owl V l l CDEG
Northern Hawk Owl l l JK
Burrowing Owl l l GH
Barred Owl l l 3 l FJK ALL
Great Gray Owl l l 3 l IJK I
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SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Long-eared Owl l l 3 l JK ALL
Short-eared Owl l l 3 l EFGHI I, IV
Boreal Owl l l JK
Northern Saw-whet Owl l l 3 l FJK I, II, IV, V
NIGHTJARS
Common Nighthawk l 3 l GHL ALL
Chuck-will’s-widow l l J
Whip-poor-will l 3 l IJ ALL
SWIFTS
Chimney Swift l 3 l FJKL ALL
HUMMINGBIRDS
Green Violet-ear l l L
Green-breasted Mango V l L
Broad-billed Hummingbird l l L
Ruby-throated Hummingbird l 3 l IJL ALL
Anna’s Hummingbird l l L
Rufous Hummingbird l l L
KINGFISHERS
Belted Kingfisher l l 3 l DEF ALL
WOODPECKERS
Lewis’s Woodpecker l l J
Red-headed Woodpecker l l 3 l IJL ALL
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
18
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
WOODPECKERS continued
Red-bellied Woodpecker l l 3 l FJL ALL
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker l l 3 l JKL ALL
Downy Woodpecker l l 3 l FIJKL ALL
Hairy Woodpecker l l 3 l IJKL ALL
Am. Three-toed Woodpecker l l FK
Black-backed Woodpecker l l 3 l FK I
Northern Flicker l l 3 l FGHIJL ALL
Pileated Woodpecker l l 3 l FJK ALL
FLYCATCHERS
Olive-sided Flycatcher l 3 l FJK I, III
Western Wood-Pewee l l JK
Eastern Wood-Pewee l 3 l IJK ALL
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher l 3 l FJK I, III, IV
Acadian Flycatcher (T) l 3 l J II-V
Alder Flycatcher l 3 l FI ALL
Willow Flycatcher l 3 l FI ALL
Least Flycatcher l 3 l IJ ALL
Dusky Flycatcher l l IJ
Eastern Phoebe l 3 l DIKL ALL
Say’s Phoebe l l DIL
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
19
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Vermilion Flycatcher l l I
Ash-throated Flycatcher l l I
Great Crested Flycatcher l 3 l IJ ALL
Western Kingbird l 3 l I V
Eastern Kingbird l 3 l DGI ALL
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher l l GI
Fork-tailed Flycatcher l l I
SHRIKES
Loggerhead Shrike (E) l 3 l GI ALL
Northern Shrike l l GHI
VIREOS
White-eyed Vireo l 3 l IJ II, III, V
Bell’s Vireo (T) l 3 l I II-V
Gray Vireo l l IJ
Yellow-throated Vireo l 3 l J ALL
Blue-headed Vireo l 3 l FJK ALL
Warbling Vireo l 3 l DJL ALL
Philadelphia Vireo V 3 l IJ I, II
Red-eyed Vireo l 3 l IJKL ALL
JAYS, CROWS
Gray Jay V l 3 l FK I, IV
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
20
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
JAYS, CROWS continued
Blue Jay l l 3 l IJKL ALL
Clark’s Nutcracker l l IJ
Black-billed Magpie V l l GHI
American Crow l l 3 l GHIJKL ALL
Common Raven l l 3 l GHIJK I-IV
LARKS
Horned Lark l l 3 l GH ALL
SWALLOWS
Purple Martin l 3 l CDL ALL
Tree Swallow l 3 l CDEFGH ALLNorthernRough-winged Swallow l 3 l CDG ALL
Bank Swallow l 3 l CDG ALL
Cliff Swallow l 3 l CDGHL ALL
Barn Swallow l 3 l CDEGH ALL
CHICKADEES, TITMICE
Black-capped Chickadee l l 3 l IJKL ALL
Boreal Chickadee V l 3 l FK I
Tufted Titmouse l l 3 l JL ALL
NUTHATCHES
Red-breasted Nuthatch l l 3 l KL ALL
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
21
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
White-breasted Nuthatch l l 3 l JL ALL
Brown-headed Nuthatch l l K
CREEPERS
Brown Creeper l l 3 l JKL ALL
WRENS
Rock Wren l l IL
Carolina Wren l l 3 l IL II-V
Bewick’s Wren (E) l l I
House Wren l 3 l IJL ALL
Winter Wren l V 3 l DFIK ALL
Sedge Wren l 3 l EG ALL
Marsh Wren l 3 l E ALL
KINGLETS
Golden-crowned Kinglet l l 3 l FJK ALL
Ruby-crowned Kinglet l V 3 l IJK I-III
GNATCATCHERS
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher l 3 l J ALL
THRUSHES
Eastern Bluebird l V 3 l GHI ALL
Mountain Bluebird l l GH
Townsend’s Solitaire l l IJKL
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
22
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
THRUSHES continued
Veery l 3 l FIJ ALL
Gray-cheeked Thrush l l IJ
Swainson’s Thrush l 3 l FIJK I, III, V
Hermit Thrush l V 3 l FJK I-IV
Wood Thrush l 3 l JL ALL
American Robin l l 3 l GHIJL ALL
Varied Thrush l l IL
MIMIC THRUSHES
Gray Catbird l V 3 l FIL ALL
Northern Mockingbird V V 3 l IL ALL
Sage Thrasher l l I
Brown Thrasher l V 3 l IL ALL
Curve-billed Thrasher l l l IL
STARLINGS
European Starling l l 3 l FGHL ALL
PIPITS
American Pipit l l DH
WAXWINGS
Bohemian Waxwing l l IJKL
Cedar Waxwing l l 3 l IJL ALL
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
23
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
SILKY-FLYCATCHERS
Phainopepla l l IL
WARBLERS
Blue-winged Warbler l 3 l IJ ALL
Golden-winged Warbler l 3 l FIJK ALL
Tennessee Warbler l 3 l IJK I, III
Orange-crowned Warbler l l IJ
Nashville Warbler l 3 l FIJK ALL
Northern Parula l 3 l JK I, III, IV, V
Yellow Warbler l 3 l DEFIJL ALL
Chestnut-sided Warbler l 3 l IJ ALL
Magnolia Warbler l 3 l FIJK I, II, III, V
Cape May Warbler l 3 l FJK I, III
Black-throated Blue Warbler l 3 l IJK I, III, IV
Yellow-rumped Warbler l V 3 l FIJK ALL
Black-throated Gray Warbler l l IJK
Black-throated Green Warbler l 3 l FJK ALL
Townsend’s Warbler l l JK
Hermit Warbler l l K
Blackburnian Warbler l 3 l FJK ALL
Yellow-throated Warbler (E) l V 3 l JK II, III, V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
24
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
WARBLERS continued
Pine Warbler l 3 l K ALL
Kirtland’s Warbler l 3 l K I, III, IV
Prairie Warbler l 3 l IJ II-V
Palm Warbler l 3 l FGIJ I, IV
Bay-breasted Warbler V l l JK
Blackpoll Warbler l l JK
Cerulean Warbler (T) l 3 l J ALL
Black-and-white Warbler l 3 l IJK ALL
American Redstart l 3 l CDIJK ALL
Prothonotary Warbler l 3 l DF I, II, IV, V
Worm-eating Warbler (E) l 3 l IJ II, V
Swainson’s Warbler l l FI
Ovenbird l 3 l FIJK ALL
Northern Waterthrush l 3 l DFJK ALL
Louisiana Waterthrush l 3 l DJ ALL
Kentucky Warbler (T) l 3 l IJ II-V
Connecticut Warbler l 3 l FJK I, II, IV
Mourning Warbler l 3 l FIJ ALL
MacGillivray’s Warbler l l I
Common Yellowthroat l 3 l CDEFGI ALL
I
II III
IV
V
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
25
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
Hooded Warbler (T) l 3 l J II-V
Wilson’s Warbler l 3 l IJK I
Canada Warbler l 3 l FIJK ALL
Yellow-breasted Chat l 3 l I ALL
TANAGERS
Summer Tanager l l J
Scarlet Tanager l 3 l J ALL
Western Tanager l l J
SPARROWS
Green-tailed Towhee l l I
Spotted Towhee V l l I
Eastern Towhee l V 3 l IJ ALL
Rufous-crowned Sparrow l l I
American Tree Sparrow l l EGHI
Chipping Sparrow l V 3 l GIKL ALL
Clay-colored Sparrow l 3 l I ALL
Field Sparrow l V 3 l GI ALL
Vesper Sparrow l V 3 l GHI ALL
Lark Sparrow l 3 l GI II, IV, V
Black-throated Sparrow l l L
Lark Bunting l l GI
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
26
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
IIIIIIIVV
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
I
II III
IV
V
SPARROWS continued
Savannah Sparrow l V 3 l EGH ALL
Grasshopper Sparrow l 3 l G ALL
Baird’s Sparrow l l G
Henslow’s Sparrow (T) l 3 l G ALL
Le Conte’s Sparrow l 3 l EGH I-IV
Nelson’s Sharp-tailed Sparrow l 3 l E I
Fox Sparrow V l l IJL
Song Sparrow l l 3 l DEFGIL ALL
Lincoln’s Sparrow l V 3 l EFI I-IV
Swamp Sparrow l V 3 l EFI ALL
White-throated Sparrow l l 3 l FIJKL ALL
Harris’s Sparrow l l I
White-crowned Sparrow V l l I
Golden-crowned Sparrow l l I
Dark-eyed Junco l l 3 l FGHIKL I, IV
Lapland Longspur l l DGH
Smith’s Longspur l l GH
Chestnut-collared Longspur l l H
Snow Bunting l l GH
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
27
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Habitat TypesA. Great LakesB. Inland WatersC. Great Lakes ShoresD. Inland Shores
E. Marshes and/or Wet Meadows
F. Swamps and BogsG. Grasslands
H. CroplandsI. Brushy AreasJ. Deciduous WoodsK. Coniferous WoodsL. Urban Areas
CARDINAL-GROSBEAKS
Northern Cardinal l l 3 l IJL ALL
Rose-breasted Grosbeak l V 3 l JIL ALL
Black-headed Grosbeak l l IJ
Blue Grosbeak l l IJ
Lazuli Bunting l l J
Indigo Bunting l 3 l IJ ALL
Painted Bunting l l J
Dickcissel l 3 l GHI ALL
BLACKBIRDS
Bobolink l 3 l EGH ALL
Red-winged Blackbird l l 3 l DEFGHIL ALL
Eastern Meadowlark l V 3 l GHI ALL
Western Meadowlark l V 3 l GH ALL
Yellow-headed Blackbird l V 3 l E ALL
Rusty Blackbird l V l EFGI
Brewer’s Blackbird l V 3 l EGHI ALL
Common Grackle l l 3 l EHIL ALL
Great-tailed Grackle V l H
Brown-headed Cowbird l l 3 l GHIJ ALL
Orchard Oriole l 3 l IJL ALL
NOTE: Nearctic-Neotropical migrants are italicized. Wisconsin’s Threatened (T) and Endangered (E)Species are bold. Vdenotes a summer migrant or a possible/rare summer or winter resident.
28
SPECIES
SEASONALDISTRIBUTION STATUS
HABITATTYPE
GWBNTBREEDING
REGION
Cas
ual/
Acc
iden
tal
Rar
e
Reg
ular
Mig
rant
O
nly
Win
ter
Sum
mer
Bre
eds
Great Wisconsin Birdingand Nature Trail Regions
Lake Superior/North WoodsMississippi/Chippewa RiversLake MichiganCentral Sands PrairieSouthern Savanna
IIIIIIIVV
BLACKBIRDS continued
Baltimore Oriole l V 3 l IJL ALL
Bullock’s Oriole l l JL
Scott’s Oriole l l JL
FINCHES
Brambling l l I
Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch l l L
Pine Grosbeak l l FIJKL
Purple Finch l l 3 l FJKL ALL
House Finch l l 3 l HL ALL
Red Crossbill V l 3 l FKL I, IV, V
White-winged Crossbill V l 3 l FKL I, IV
Common Redpoll l l GHIJL
Hoary Redpoll V l GHIJL
Pine Siskin V l 3 l FIJKL ALL
American Goldfinch l l 3 l GHIL ALL
Evening Grosbeak l l 3 l FIJKL I, III, IV
OLD WORLD SPARROWS
House Sparrow l l 3 l HIL ALL
Eurasian Tree Sparrow l l L
I
II III
IV
V
29
Literature Cited
American Ornithologists’ Union. 1998. The A.O.U. check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition (including 48th
Supplement, 2007). American Ornithologists’ Union.Washington, DC.
Barger, N.R., S.D. Robbins, Jr., and S.A. Temple. 1988.Wisconsin birds: a checklist with migration graphs. Fifth edi-tion. Wisconsin Society for Ornithology, Inc.
Mueller, W.P. 2008. Wisconsin annotated checklist. Wis-consin Society for Ornithology, Inc. 7 pp.
Rappole, J.H. 1995. The ecology of migrant birds, a Neo-tropical perspective. 1995. Smithsonian Institution Press,Washington and London.
Robbins, S.D., Jr. 1991. Wisconsin birdlife: population & dis-tribution, past and present. University of Wisconsin Press,Madison.
Temple, S.A., R.C. Domagalski, and J.R. Cary. 2003. Wis-consin birds: a checklist with migration graphs. Sixth edition.Wisconsin Society for Ornithology, Inc.
Watermolen, D.J. and M.D. Murrell. 2001. Checklists ofWisconsin vertebrates. Bureau of Integrated Science Services,Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 50 pp.
30
Notes & Sketches
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provides equal opportunity in itsemployment, programs, services, and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan.If you have any questions, please write to Equal Opportunity Office, Departmentof Interior, Washington, DC 20240.
This publication is available in alternative format (large print, Braille, audio tape,etc.) upon request. Please call (608) 266-7012 for more information.
For further information on the Great Wisconsin Birding andNature Trail, contact Susan Foote-Martin with the DNR’sBureau of Endangered Resources at 608-266-0545 [email protected]. Additional informationcan be found at wisconsinbirds.org.
For additional copies contact the DNR’s Bureau of Endangered Resources at 608-266-7012 [email protected]
Wisconsin Department of Natural ResourcesBureau of Endangered Resources
P.O. Box 7921, Madison, WI 53707
Printed on recycled paper.
PUB-ER-633 2008