Charmagne M. Feria, M.Sc. Alvin D. Ramirez Jaime D.L. Caro ... · (ICT) into the curriculum of the...

Charmagne M. Feria, M.Sc.Alvin D. Ramirez

Frances Paula L. Ibañez, M.A.Florida Valencia OrtizJaime D.L. Caro, Ph.D.

3RD EDITION

I C T E S S E N T I A L S F O R T H E F U T U R E

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Trademark of TechFactors Inc.

Philippine Copyright 2013 by TechFactors Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this courseware may be reproduced or copied in any form, in whole or in part, without written consent of the copyright owner.

Third printing of the third edition, 2015ISBN 978-971-0550-76-0

Published by TechFactors Inc.Printed in the Philippines

Authors Charmagne M. Feria, M.Sc., Alvin D. Ramirez, Frances Paula L. Ibañez, M.A., and Florida Valencia OrtizSeries Editor Jaime D.L. Caro, Ph.D.

Content & Editorial Frances Ibañez, M.A., Alvin Ramirez, and Rondi ReyesCreatives Jiyas Suministrado, Gilbert Lavides, Regina Zapata, Sam dela Torre, Daryl Malabayabas, and Darylle Cajucom Systems Kim Benebese, Mark Abliter, Allan Celestino, and Kenneth Salazar

Exclusively distributed by TechFactors Inc.101 V. Luna Road ExtensionSikatuna Village, Quezon City1101 Philippines

Telephone number: (632) 929 6924E-mail address: [email protected]: www.techfactorsinc.com

DigiTitans 5 is an independent publication and is not affiliated with, nor has it been authorized, sponsored or otherwise approved by Microsoft Corporation or any other company stated herein. All other trademarks are registered trademarks of their respective companies.


ForewordAs an essential productivity tool, the computer is something that

everyone should be familiar with. But as they say, it’s hard to teach old dogs new tricks, so it’s better to learn computers beginning at a young age. TechFactors (TFI) recognizes the need to do this, especially when it comes to integrating information and communication technology (ICT) into the curriculum of the Department of Education (DepEd).

The DigiTITANS elementary education courseware program of TFI provides computer education from Grade 1 to Grade 6, giving students a learning experience that they can be proud of later in life. It equips them with the essential competencies, both in Microsoft-based and open source applications, that will make them more effective students in high school. They gain practical know-how on productivity tools and discover pertinent facts and concepts that give them a better grasp of ICT in general. It’s the DigiTITANS way of preparing and empowering Filipino grade school students for success in a wholly ICT-dominated future.

The convenience of having a DigiTITANS book, teacher’s guide, and a ready access to interactive activities using server-network and online resources provide a handy way for students to actively learn computer skills even through the simple task of going through the accessing process. It’s this hands-on dynamic manner of learning that makes DigiTITANS a valuable teaching tool adaptable to the needs of the teachers and gets the nod of parents.

Versatility, together with the plain and simple delivery of lessons that comprise a stair-step system based on current software use, access, and trends, makes the DigiTITANS courseware an ideal system for schools looking to supplement their DepEd curriculum with a structured ICT-based learning system.


Jaime D.L. Caro, Ph.D.Dr. Caro has more than 20 years of experience in education and research in the areas of Computer

Science, Information Technology, and Mathematics. He received the degrees of Bachelor of Science major in Mathematics (cum laude) in 1986, Master of Science in Mathematics in 1994, and Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics in 1996, all from the University of the Philippines Diliman. He spent a year as a post doctorate research fellow at the University of Oxford from 1997 to 1998. He is presently Assistant Vice President for Development of the University of the Philippines, Program Director of the UP Information Technology Training Center (UP ITTC), and a professor of Computer Science in UP Diliman. He is an honorary member of the Philippine Society of Information Technology Educators (PSITE), President of the Computing Society of the Philippines (CSP), and a member of the Technical Panel on Information Technology Education of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). Dr. Caro is a recognized expert on Complexity Theory, Combinatorial Network Theory, Online Communities, and e-Learning.

Charmagne M. Feria, M.Sc.Charmagne served as an Assistant Professor under the Department of Computer Science in UP

Diliman. Her areas of specialization are Information Systems Management and Software Engineering Economics. Prior to this, she attended the London School of Economics, where she obtained the degree of Master of Science in Information Systems. She completed her undergraduate degree from UP Diliman College of Business Administration.

Alvin D. RamirezAlvin has over 15 years of experience as a writer and editor in publishing, education, advertising,

and audiovisual production. Alvin has a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in Visual Communications from the College of Fine Arts of the University of the Philippines. He is registered with the National Book Development Board (NBDB) of the Philippines. He heads the Quality Assurance Group in TechFactors.

Frances Paula L. Ibañez, M.A.Frances graduated from the University of the Philippines Diliman with a Bachelor of Arts degree

in Communication, Major in Journalism. She also earned her Master’s degree in Education, Major in Language Education, from the same institution. She has taught in a preschool, where she handled the Nursery class, and in an English language center, where she taught language teaching methodology. She also worked as a technical writer in the IT industry for eight years, developing user guides and tutorials on different software. She heads the Content Group in TechFactors.

Florida Valencia OrtizFlorida Valencia Ortiz graduated cum laude from the University of the Philippines Diliman with

a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy. She graduated valedictorian from the Holy Rosary Parochial Institute, Orani, Bataan in 2000. In UP, she was the organization head of the UP Kabataang Pilosopo Tasyo (UP KAPITAS) and a member of the UP Taekwondo Club. Her hobbies include martial arts, dancing, digital photography, and video editing. She currently works in the UP Information Technology Training Center (UP ITTC).

About the Series Editor

About the Author


Table of Contents Learning Goals 1Section 1 Computers and the World 2 Lesson 1: Wired to the World 3 Lesson 2: Doing Right with Computers 9

Section 2 All About the PC 15 Lesson 3: Personalized for You 16

Lesson 4: Hardware for the PC 22 Lesson 5: How the Computer Remembers 27 Lesson 6: Ways to Remember Data 32

Section 3 Connecting Computers 37 Lesson 7: When Computers Connect 38 Lesson 8: Connections, Small and Wide 45 Lesson 9: An Interconnected World 51 Lesson 10: Using the Worldwide Connection 57


Section 4 Software: Making the Computer Useful 63 Lesson 11: Software Works on Hardware 64 Lesson 12: Software for Your Work 71 Lesson 13: Software of Other Sorts 79

Section 5 Tasks for the Computer 85 Lesson 14: Help with Spelling and Grammar 86 Lesson 15: Doing the Math on Tables 92 Lesson 16: The All-Around Data Organizer 98 Lesson 17: Setting Up Your Own Organizer 104 Lesson 18: Organizing with Tables 110 Lesson 19: Presenting…the Slide Show! 118 Lesson 20: Slide Show Action 126 Lesson 21: Beyond the Slide Show 133 Lesson 22: Mixing Media 139

Section 6 Talking in Machine Language 145 Lesson 23: Make Like a Detective 146 Lesson 24: Conditions and Decisions 153

Word Build UP 159


1Philippine Copyright 2013 techFactorsInc

Through this book, you should be able to…

1. explain the proper use of technology;

2. demonstrate ethical use of computers;

3. use computing technology for learning, communication, and problem solving;

4. identify which kind of technology is suitable for a particular problem; and,

5. evaluate the quality of information; and,

6. solve problems using programming concepts.

Learning Goals


Computers and the World2 Philippine Copyright 2009 techFactorsIncComputers and the World2 Philippine Copyright 2013 techFactorsInc

Our world is getting smaller everyday. However, our planet is not literally shrinking. It just means that we can get almost anything we want today without having to go very far.

Modern technology has made it possible for us to get the information we need anytime we want it. We can view events on television at the very moment they take place in another part of the world. Advances in communication also allow us to get things done more quickly. You can now avoid the long queues at the bank by paying your bills over the phone or via the Internet. You can even avail of products right in the convenience of your home. With just a call or an e-mail, that latest gadget you’ve always wanted can be delivered at your doorstep.

Many of these conveniences are made possible because of computer technology. Learning about computers will help us understand the changes that are taking place in our world today and how we can live with these changes.

Section

1 Computers and the World

Section

1


Wired to the World 3Philippine Copyright 2013 techFactorsInc

Wired to the World1

Explain global connectivity

Describe how computers all over the world interconnect through the Internet

Identify the other uses of computers in various fields of work

Lesson

The InternetThe Internet is a worldwide network of computers

made up of many different networks. The smaller networks are attached to a backbone, and the many backbones are owned by different companies. These interconnect at network access points around the world, creating the Internet. Every computer connected to the Internet, no matter who owns it, allows people to communicate with everyone else on the planet who can be online. Everyone can thus get in touch with each other—even buy and sell goods and services—as if they were living in a small community. We are electronically interdependent because of the Internet. This is called global connectivity.

More and more cellular or mobile phones now come with the capacity to access the Internet through 3G technology. With the evolving marriage of computers and the mobile phone, even people who can’t afford computers can benefit from the many advantages of the Internet.

Samsung Galaxy S II smartphone running under the Android operating system, with a 4.3-inch touchscreen, 8 MP camera, full 1080p high definition video recording, 1GB RAM


Wired to the World 4 Philippine Copyright 2013 techFactorsInc

Cloud computing is another way to think about the Internet. The term “cloud” comes from the way that the Internet is symbolized in most diagrams, and cloud computing refers to Internet-based development and use of computer technology. It is a way to increase capacity or add capabilities without buying new equipment, training new personnel, or even licensing new software. The term covers any subscription-based or pay-per-use service that, in real time over the Internet, increases the capabilities of information technology. It includes renting the space or computational speed of server computers, using ready-made web-based software, or web-based services. Facebook, Google Apps, Skype, Twitter, and YouTube are all examples of “cloud” software.

And yet, the Internet is only one of many computer applications. Let us look around and rediscover some other applications of computers.

Other Computer ApplicationsComputers are commonly used in offices. Office tasks are easier and quicker to

accomplish using spreadsheets, word processors, presentation software, databases, electronic mail, and similar office productivity software. Local area networks, where computers within a company or vicinity are connected to each other, provide internal and external means of communication.

Google

SalesforceMicrosoft

ZohoYahoo!

Rackspace

Amazon

The cloud

Wikipedia’s depiction of cloud computing



Computers can also be used outside the office. Laptops and netbooks are portable computers that allow people to both carry the information they need electronically and to communicate with clients, suppliers, or colleagues through e-mail and other communication tools wherever they are. Tablet computers and smartphones are handheld devices that extend the portability of laptops and netbooks. Wearable gadgets give workers in such diverse fields as rescue, emergency services, security, defense, and forest services hands-free access to computers.

Computers are also useful at home. Personal computers help you do research, provide recipes for your mother, let your brother play computer games, and deliver the latest news to your father.

Hospitals also make use of computers. Doctors can see inside your body using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This is an imaging technique that produces high quality images of the human body’s internal organs. Computers can also help obstetricians see through a pregnant woman’s womb. The ultrasound machine helps detect pregnancy problems for the mother or abnormalities in the unborn baby as early as possible.

The entertainment industry uses computers to put movies, music, and computer games in optical storage devices such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs. You can even listen to music on your mobile phone

Individuals can take advantage of services provided by banks and other financial institutions using the Internet. They can buy and sell stocks electronically, transfer funds, make balance inquiries through online banking, and pay bills using credit cards. They can also deposit and withdraw money from automated teller machines (ATMs) using ATM cards. The ATM card uses smart card technology, which stores information on a magnetic strip at the back of the card. When the user feeds this card to the machine along with his personal identification number (PIN), the machine gets

MRI imageon a computer screen

Zypad, rugged wrist wearable computer from Arcom Control Systems


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ROUND UPGetting connected to people and places is

now made faster and easier with developments in computer technology and communication. The Internet has made almost any kind of information, product, and service available to us even in the convenience of our home. Computers also have many uses in the different fields of work such as banking, business, medicine, education, and entertainment. The computer is so much a part of our lives that it would be difficult to ignore the many benefits we enjoy today because of it.

information about the individual from a central server. It brings the information back to the user through the ATM’s screen.

Academic institutions also use computers for research purposes. Teachers can communicate with students through e-mail and provide course materials through the Internet. Some universities even offer college degrees online.

Special function computers are used in many common devices. For example, the keypad in microwave ovens has embedded systems that allow it to set the temperature and the time. The automatic washing machine has wash, rinse, and spin settings and timers that are controlled by systems built into the machine’s microprocessor.

The computer has become increasingly involved in the things we do everyday. And with more and more computers now linked through the Internet, we have the world right at our fingertips!

ATM CARD

Von Alcantara937485618273

ATM CARD

Von Alcantara937485618273

automated teller machine (ATM)


NAME:

GRADE/SECTION:

DATE:

SCORE


A. Match each term on the left with its correct definition on the right column.

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

1. smart card

2. global connectivity

3. CDs, DVDs , and Blu-ray discs

4. magnetic resonance imaging

5. e-mail

6. local area network

7. online banking

8. portable computer

9. ultrasound machine

10. Internet

a. used to connect computers within a company

b. transferring funds electronically

c. imaging technique used to look inside a person’s body

d. technology used by ATM cards

e. online communication

f. different parts of the world becoming connected through the Internet

g. virtually connects every person on the planet

h. optical storage devices

i. used to monitor an unborn baby

j. laptop

PLAY UP


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B. Name three computer applications you have used. Describe how each application has helped you do your work.

1. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________


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