CHAPTER- VI PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA: PUNE...

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CHAPTER- VI

PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA: PUNE DISTRICT

6.1.0 HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES

6.2.0 DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES

6.3.0 AGRO-ECONOMIC FEATURES

6.4.0 LAND USE PATTERN OF PUNE DISTRICT

6.5.0 LAND USE PATTERN OF SAMPLE TAHSIL

6.6.0 FLORICULTURE PATTERN OF PUNE DISTRICT

6.7.0 SAMPLE TAHSILS, FLOWER CROPS AND FLOWER

GROWERS

6.8.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF SAMPLE

FARMS

6.9.0 CONCUDING OBSERVATIONS

137

MAP.NO.3

PUNE DISTRICT

138

Chapter- VI

Profile of the Study Area: Pune District

Introduction

For conducting micro level studies and assessing floriculture ventures, the Pune

district has naturally chosen. Pune district is being diversified through horticulture and hi-

tech floriculture recently. Therefore, it is necessary to have an intimate about study area

mainly influenced by the climatic condition, rainfall, types of soil and other agro-

economic features. In shortly, this chapter presents an idea on land use and cropping

pattern, agro-climatic condition and horticulture pattern, floriculture situation and

information about selected tahsil, villages etc. The chapter also covers the general

information about the sample growers, their family size and educational status, land use

and cropping pattern based on primary data,

6.1.0 Historical and Geographical Features

Pune is one of historical place. It was known as „Punnata‟ in second century. At

the time of „Rastrakut‟, it was called „Punawadi‟, located at the bank of river Mula-

Mutha. In Mogul period, it was called „Kasabe Pune‟, centre of Maratha raj and capital of

Peshwai1. Many revolutionaries have contributed in India‟s freedom movement

belonging Pune.

It agreed generally that, the modern Pune came into use as early as the 13th

centuries with the small settlement named „Kasba Pune‟ by Arab commandant. After,

1730 Pune rose in prominence to the national level as a power centre due to Peshave.

Prime Minister of Maratha Empire reporting to their master, after the town had brought

139

under the control of the British rule in 1817 it served as a cantonment town as the

monsoon capital of the Bombay Presidency units the independence of India in 19472.

Pune is well known for its educational and health facilities in independent India. Now

Pune became IT city and international educational hub. It is being developed as

international city through education, health and information technology. It can be

concluded that, Pune is leading district in terms of agriculture, trade, industry, education,

health and now become information technology.

6.1.1 Location

Pune district comes under the plain zone (transitional belt) and situated at an

elevation of 55717 meter above the mean sea level. The district is located between

17054‟, 19024‟ N altitude, 73019, and 75

010‟ E longitude. The Sahyadri runs in the north-

south direction of the district over a distance of above 115 km3. Pune district bordered by

Ahmednagar district in the north, Solapur and Satara districts in the south, Ahmadnagar

and Solapur districts of the east, Raigad and Thane district of the west.

As a geographical structure Pune district, classify as under.

1. Western Ghat Zone

2. Hill Areas

3. Pathar of Eastern Zone

6.1.2 Area

Pune district occupies an area of about 15642 sq. km, which is 5per cent of the

total area of Maharashtra state. Of which 15021 sq. km. comes under rural area and 621

sq. km comes under urban area. The district has 1844 villages, 1234 grampanchayats, 13

panchayat samitees, 11 councils, 2 Municipal corporations, 3 cantonment boards and 13

tahsils namely Ambegaon, Baramati, Bhor, Daund, Haveli, Indapur, Junnar, Khed,

140

Maval, Mulshi, Purandar, Shirur and Velha. Among the 35 districts of the state Pune

ranks 2nd

in terms of area, 3rd

in terms of populations and 4th

in terms density4.

6.1.3 Climate and Rainfall

At the Western Ghat and hill region is cool and eastern region having hot and dry

climate. The maximum temperature of Pune district ranges between 34 and 410C during

April-May, while the minimum temperature varies between 50C to 10

0C in the months of

November to January

The average annual rainfall at the district is 675 mm, most of which is received

during South-West monsoon. However, medium rainfall zone at district having on

average rainfall of 900 mm, eastern region have an average between 600 to 700 mm

while western region have an average of 1171 mm5. The regularity in occurrence in

recent years has not experienced in the district.

6.1.4 Soil and Topography

Pune district possesses mainly three types of soils, viz. black-fertile, brown and

mixed type. In western region soil, type has brown and low quality while eastern region

having fertile and plain type. The richest alluvial soil track found in the Valley of

Bheema River. The rivers Velu, Ghod are left side of Bheema and Indrayani, Bhama,

Mula-Mutha etc. are at right side. Each tahsil of the district have minimum one river6.

Therefore, the agro-climatic condition of district is favourable.

6.2.0 Demographic features

Table 6.1 shows the trends of population from 1901 onwards. It clarified that

since independence population increased rapidly. During 1981-1991, population

increased by 24.76 per cent while it increased by 56 per cent during 1991-2001.

141

Table 6.1Population of Pune district: 1901 to 2001

Sr.No. Year Male Female Total

1 1901 553661 542197 1095858 (100)

2 1911 595481 581751 1177238 (107.4)

3 1921 564751 540263 1105014 (100.8)

4 1931 653480 622400 1275882(116.42)

5 1941 755979 716993 1472972 (134.41

6 1951 1006201 944775 1950976(178.03)

7 1961 1268710 1198170 2466880(225.10)

8 1971 1643864 1534165 3178029(290.00)

9 1981 2150088 204382 4164470(380.09)

10 1991 2861460 2671072 5532532(504.85)

11 2001 3769128 3463427 7232555(660.00)

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentage change over base year)

Source-Census of Pune District 2001

Table 6.2 Tahsil wise percentage share of population

Sr. No. Name of tahsil % Share

1 Pune city 37

2 Haveli 19

3 Baramati, Junner and Indapur 25

4 Maval and Shirur 8

5 Ambegaon and Purandar 6

6 Bhore, Mulsi and Velhe 1

Total 100

Source- Census of Pune District 2001

The total population of Pune district according to 2001 census was 7.2 million

(7.4 per cent of the total population of Maharashtra State), of which 3.7 million male and

3.4 million female and 3.02 million reside in rural areas and 4.19 million in urban areas.

The literacy rate was 80.78 per cent whereas 11.9 per cent population was below poverty

line7.

142

Table 6.3 Population Indicators

Sr.No. Particular Nos.

1 Density 462

Urban 6765

Rural 202

Max(Pune city) 14652

Min( Velhe) 112

2 Resides

Urban 58 %

Rural 42%

3 Sex ratio 919

Urban 899

Rural 946

4 Literacy 80%

Male 88%

Female 72%

Rural 72%

Urban 86%

Source- Census of Pune District 2001

6.3.0 Agro-Economic Features

Some agro-economic features of the Pune district such as irrigation, communication and

transportation, agro-markets, livestock etc. have discussed below.

6.3.1 Water resources

River plays a very important role in molding the agro economy of Pune districts.

Many rivers originate from the Sahyadri ranges and flow from west to south. Bheema the

major river flows along the eastern boarder of Pune district of over 160 kms. Its

tributaries are Velu and Ghod on the left and Indrayani, Mula, Mutha and Nira at right.

During the rainy season, all these rivers swell but shrink to almost dry stream after

monsoon. The Nira flows along the southern boundary of the district for considerable

distance8.

143

6.3.2 Communication and Transport Facilities

Pune district is well connected to other parts of the state by an extensive network

of roads and railway line. Besides, district also has an international airport. The highway

NH-4 (Mumbai-Bangalore) and N.H.-9 (Pune-Solapur-Hyderabad) pass through this

district. The district has a good network of roads of which 17 are national and state

highways and 277 are main district roads.

The communication network of the district has also well established with

telephone lines and ever internet connections, 70 per cent villages having at least one

communication facility9.

6.3.3 Regulated Agriculture Markets

Pune district having 11 agricultural marketing committees and 41 sub committees,

of which Junner, Ambegaon, Shirur, Khed, Maval, Pune city, Daund, Purandar, Bhor,

Baramati, Indapur have each one regulated market while Gultekadi market yard is one of

the huge inter-state market, which is separate flower market promoting flower auction.

6.3.4 Live Stock

According to 2003 data, the total live stock population of Pune district was 20.22

lakhs. Of which cows and bullock was 37 per cent. Buffalos 14 per cent, sheep and goat

48 per cent and others were 2 per cent, besides this total population of poultry birds was

54.78 lakhs. District has well developed in poultry business and egg production10

.

6.3.5 Industries and Employment

Pune is an industrially developed district. The transport and communication

facilities available here have contributed to the development of industries. Pimpri-

Chinchwad, Chakan, Baramati, Jejuri, Daund, Ranjangaon (Shirur) have industrial area,

while Hinjawadi and Talawade have IT park. Pimpri-Chinchwad belt is one of the most

industrialized areas in the country11

. Auto parts manufacturers, engineering goods and

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cloth manufacturing units are the major industries in Pune. Besides, there are about seven

sugar-manufacturing units. The district also possesses co-operative and large-scale

industries. Pune district has become a hub of IT services with IT giants establishing their

offices in the district. These industries, along with the agriculture and government sector,

provide considerable amount of employment to the population in the district as well as in

the adjoining districts.

6.3.6 Education

In 2002/03, in the 4440 primary schools and 1099 higher secondary institutes,

6.70 lakh students attended classes. There were 73 Junior colleges with 0.95 lakh students

in 2003/04, and 4 Medical, 4 Ayurved, 3 Homeopathy, 5 Law and 12 B.ed colleges, 15

Postgraduate colleges and several ITI institutes were functioning in Pune12

.

6.4.0 Land use pattern of Pune district

It can be seen from Table 6.4 the total geographical area remained constant i.e.

1562 thousand hectare during 1960-61 to 2001-02. The area under forest was decline by

4.0 per cent during the last forty-seven years. This suggests for suitable planning for

expansion of area under forests to maintain ecological balance in Pune district. The

barren and uncultivable land decreased from 10.5 per cent in 1960-61 to 6.6 per cent in

2000-01. This clarifies that, barren and uncultivable land decreased to 31.9 per cent over

the base year. The land put on non-agriculture use an increased by 41.5 per cent over the

base year. Whereas cultivable waste decreased by 16.5 per cent and land under

permanent pasture increased by 9.8 per cent, However land under miscellaneous trees,

crops, current fallow and other fallow increased 1689 per cent, 508.8 per cent and 81.4

per cent respectively. Net sown area of Pune district decreased by 2.5 per cent and area

sown more than once increased by 55.1 per cent over the base year. Eventually, it can be

seen that gross cropped area increased only 2 per cent during entire period.

145

6.4.1 Changes in cropping pattern of Pune district

The details regarding the changes in the cropping pattern during 1960-61 to 2001-

02 in Pune district is presented in Table 6.5. It indicated that, the area under total cereals,

total pulses and total food grain crops was increased over a period of time. Whereas

sugarcane, fruits, vegetables and flowers showed a significant during entire period. While

total spices and fodder crop showed a decline. It clearly indicate that during the last forty-

seven years, the farmers have diverted their resources towards the commercial crops such

as cotton, groundnut, fruits, vegetables, flowers, sugarcane for getting more returns from

the farming. Rice, wheat, jawar, bajra, cereals, tur, gram, pulses, sugarcane, cotton,

groundnut, sunflower, soyabean, grapes, pomegranate, custard apple, fig, vegetables,

flowers were the major crops grown in the district.

6.4.2 Changes in irrigation pattern of Pune district

It shows from Table 6.6 that 67,143.69, 145.69, 162.04 per cent change in

irrigated pattern over the base year 1960-61 in respect to period II, period III and period

IV. Net area irrigated in 1960-61 was 1030 hectares, which increased to 2699 thousands

hectares in 2000-01. The percentage of net area irrigated to net sown area was 10.4 per

cent in 1960-61, which increased to 26.4 per cent in 2000-01. The percentage of gross

area irrigated to gross cropped area was 27.28 per cent in 2000-01. It reveals that the area

under irrigation increased significantly, which is good sign from the viewpoint of

agricultural development in Pune district. It indicates that irrigated area in 2000-01

increased by 162 per cent over the year 1960-61 but percentage change of net irrigated

area after 1991 was comparatively low. It was 77 per cent net growth during 1980-81 to

1990-91 while18 percent during 1990-91 to 2000-01.

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6.5.0 Land Use and Cropping Pattern of Sample Tahsil

The details regarding the land use pattern of sample tahsil (2001-02) is presented

in Table 6.7. It showed from Table 6.7 the total geographical area of sample tahsil ranges

from 7 to 9 per cent of district. The area under forest was highest in Khed tahsil (11.29%)

followed by Haveli (4.42%). Dound and Haveli have more cultivable waste (above 11%)

than Khed and Purandar (6 and 5%). Net sown area was more or less same (8 to 9%).

Whereas, gross cropped area was more in Dound (9.85%) followed by Khed (8.97%),

Haveli (7.89%) and Purandar (7.60 %).

The details regarding the cropping pattern of sample tahsil (2001-02) is presented

in Table 6.8. It is noted that the area under total cereals, total pulses and total food grain

crops was highest in Dound (9.28%) followed by Khed (8.91%). Sugarcane and

vegetables showed a significant proportion in Dound. Fruits were dominant place in

Haveli and Purandar. Area under oilseed seen more in Khed (21.24%) followed by

Purandar (9.69%). Fodder crop grown more in Haveli (19.46%). Gross cropped area was

more in Dound and Khed of 9.89 and 8.97per cent, respectively.

6.5.1 Area under irrigation of sample tahsil

Table 6.9 shows the area under irrigation of sample tahsil (Ha). Dound having

15.81 per cent of district total (highest proportion among sample tahsil) followed by

Haveli of 8.86 per cent, Khed of 6.68 per cent and Purandar of 4.83 per cent. As regard to

gross irrigated to gross cropped area ultimately same position have seen. Dound tahsil

was more irrigated, it was 1.5 times more than district average.

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Table 6.4 Changes in land use pattern of Pune district during 1960-61 to 2001-02

(Area in ‘00’ ha) `

Sr.No. Particulars Period I Period II Period III Per cent change over base

year

1960-61

1960-61 1990-91 2000-01 1990-91 2000-01

1. Total geographical area 15620(100) 15620(100) 15620(100) 0.00 0.00

2. Area under forest 1900(12.1) 1856(11.8) 1780(11.0) -2.3 -6.3

3. Barren & uncultivated 1655 (10.5) 1513 (9.8) 1042 (6.6) -7.4 -37.0

4. Land out on non-agriculture use 272 (1.7) 452 (3.7) 640 (4.0) 66.1 135.2

5. Cultivable waste 27 (0.1) 389 (2.4) 329 (2.4) 1340 118

6. Permanent pasture and other 293 (1.8) 597 (4.2) 656 (4.2) 103.7 141.1

7. Land under miscellaneous trees, crops,

etc.

12 (0.07) 31 (0.08) 256 (1.6) 8.3 2033

8. Current fallow 82 (0.5) 102 (3.0) 621 (3.9) 24.3 657.3

9. Other fallow 180 (1.16) 371 (2.7) 673 (4.3) 106.1 273.8

10. Net sown area 10183(65.2) 10309(65.8) 9920(63.5) 10.2 -2.5

11. Area sown more than once 917 (5.8) 1167 (7.4) 1811 (11.5) 27.2 97.4

12. Gross cropped area 11099(70.7) 11476(73.4) 11731(75.9) 3.86 6.0

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentage of total geographical area)

Source-Socio-economic abstract of Pune -2007/08

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Table 6.5 Changes in cropping pattern of Pune district during 1960-61 to 2001-02

(Area in 00 ha)

Sr.No. Particulars Period I

Period II

Period III

Period IV

Per cent change over the base year

1960-61

1960-61 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01

1. Cereals 7211

(64.9)

7802

(66.88)

8947

(67.75)

7541

(62.70)

8.1 24.0 5.1

2. Pulses 738 (6.65) 800 (6.85) 822 (6.22) 935 (7.77) 8.4 11.3 26.6

3. Total Food

grains

7950

(71.64)

8602

(73.74)

9769

(73.98)

8476

(70.47)

8.2 22.8 6.6

4. Sugarcane 131 (1.18) 269 (2.30) 452 (3.42) 668 (5.55) 105.3 245.0 409.9

5. Spices 72 (0.64) 65 (0.55) 56 (0.42) 68 (0.56) -9.7 -22.2 -5.5

6. Fruits 34 (0.30) 45 (0.38) 85 (1.64) 170(1.191) 32.3 150.0 400.0

7. Vegetables 162 (1.46) 281 (2.41) 468 (3.54) 633 (5.26) 73.4 188.8 290.7

8. Flowers N.A. N.A. 04 (0.03) 22 (0.18) - 100.0 450.0

9. Fiber crop 74 (0.66) 59 (0.50) 04 (0.03) 378 (3.14) -20.2 -94.5 410.8

10. Oil seed 425 (3.83) 691 (5.92) 101(7.70) 748 (6.21) 62.5 139.5 76.0

11. Fodder crop 2079

(18.73)

1645

(14.10)

1345

(10.18)

1208

(10.04)

-20.8 -.35.3 -41.8

12. Gross cropped

area

11096 11665 13204 12027 5.1 18-9 8.3

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentages to gross cropped area)

Source: Season and Crop report (2002) published by Department of Agriculture. Government of Maharashtra, Pune.

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Table 6.6 Changes in irrigated area of Pune district during 1960-61 to 2001-02

(00’ha)

Sr.No. Particulars Period

I

Period

II

Period

III

Period

IV

Per cent change over the base year

1960-61

1960-61 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 PeriodII

1980.81

PeriodIII

1990-91

PeriodIV

2000-01

1. Net cropped area 9850 9990 10391 10215 1.43 5.50 3.71

2. Net irrigated area 1030 1720 2510 2699 67.00 143.69 162.04

3. Percentage at net irrigated to

net cropped area

10.4 17.2 24.1 26.4 6.8 13.7 16

4. Area sown more than once 913 1613 2932 1811 76.68 221.14 98.36

5. Gross irrigated area 1180 2010 2930 3200 70.34 148.31 171.19

6. Percentage of gross irrigated

area to gross cropped area

10.7 16.2 22.4 27.28 5.5 2.10 16.58

Source – Season and Crop report (2002) published by Department of Agriculture. Government of Maharashtra, Pune

150

Table 6.7 Land use Pattern of Sample Tahsil (2000/01)

Sr.No. Particulars Sample Tahsil District Total

Dound Haveli Khed Purandar

1 Total geographical area 128986

(8.26)

133627

(8.56)

137354

(8.80)

110313

(7.07)

1562018

(100)

2 Area under forest 4904

(2.76)

7864

(4.42)

20079

(11.29)

2221

(1.25)

178001

(100)

3 Barren & uncultivated 12064

(11.58)

14804

(14.21)

7533

(7.23)

5567

(5.35)

104226

(100)

4 Land out on non-agriculture use 7272

(11.28)

4091

(6.35)

1997

(3.10)

2641

(4.10)

64470

(100)

5 Cultivable waste 19336

(11.47)

18895

(11.21)

9530

(5.65)

8208

(4.87)

168696

(100)

6 Current fallow 4277

(11.17)

1178

(3.08)

864

(2.26)

1999

(5.22)

38320

(100)

7 Other fallow 3756

(5.59)

11162

(16.59)

5737

(8.53)

2621

(3.90)

67303

(100)

8 Net sown area 104746

(8.58)

106868

(8.75)

6601

(0.55)

99884

(8.18)

1221513

(100)

9 Area sown more than once 2745

(1.52)

10288

(5.68)

16238

(8.97)

3335

(1.85)

181165

(100)

10 Gross cropped area 115469

(9.85)

92531

(7.89)

105152

(8.97)

89100

(7.60)

1172952

(100)

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentage to respective total)

(Source-Socio-economic abstract of Pune -2007/08)

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Table 6.8 Cropping Pattern of Sample Tahsil (2000/01)

Sr.No. Particulars Sample Tahsil Sample District

Dound Haveli Khed Purandar Total

1. Cereals 70652

(9.67)

42849

(5.87)

59205

(8.11)

63105

(8.64)

730716

(100)

2. Pulses 5838

(6.21)

2824

(3.00)

14248

(15.16)

3902

(4.15)

94038

(100)

3. Total Food grains 76490

(9.28)

45673

(5.54)

73453

(8.91)

67007

(8.13)

824754

(100)

4. Sugarcane 15000

(25.20)

9400

(15.79)

60

(0.11)

810

(1.37)

59540

(100)

5. Spices 631

(9.50)

513

(7.72)

1040

(15.65)

1434

(21.58)

6648

(100)

6. Fruits 321

(2.29)

1312

(9.36)

405

(2.89)

1289

(9.20)

14018

(100)

7. Vegetables 8366

(14.56)

6887

(11.99)

8624

(15.00)

4258

(7.42)

57459

(100)

8. Oil seed 2468

(2.93)

4652

(5.52)

17908

(21.24)

8166

(9.69)

84328

(100)

9. Fodder crop 10708

(8.89)

23447

(19.46)

3019

(2.51)

6015

(5.00)

120498

(100)

10. Gross cropped area 115469

(9.89)

92531

(7.89)

105152

(8.97)

89100

(7.60)

1172952

(100)

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentage to respective total) (Source-Socio-economic abstract of Pune District-2007/08)

152

Table 6.9 Area under irrigation of sample tahsil (Ha)

Sr.No. Particulars Sample Tahsil Sample

District

Dound Haveli Khed Purandar

1. Open 18246

(14.22)

9430

(7.35)

8160

(6.36)

5883

(4.59)

128358

(100)

2. Wells 24419

(16.78)

144825

(9.96)

9845

(6.77)

7152

(4.92)

145543

(100)

3. Net irrigated area 42665

(15.81)

239125

(8.86)

18005

(6.68)

13035

(4.83)

269901

(100)

4. Gross irrigated area 49150

(15.36)

25370

(7.93)

26754

(8.37)

14577

(4.56)

319995

(100)

5. Gross cropped area 115469

(9.85)

925315

(7.89)

105152

(8.97)

89100

(7.60)

1172952

(100)

6. Percentage at gross

irrigated to gross cropped

area

42.57 27.42 25.44 16.36 27.28


Source-Socio-economic abstract of Pune District -2007/08)

6.6.0 Floriculture pattern of Pune district

Pune district is leading all the way ahead of other districts in acreage and

production of flowers. Area and production of famous flowers in Pune district is showing

in Table 6.10. It shows that marigold, tuberose, rose, chrysanthemum and aster covered

major area. Marigold covered higher area i.e. 35.75 per cent where as tuberose, aster and

chrysanthemum covered 13.05, 13.45 and 11.80 per cent area, respectively, while rose

cultivation covered 4.31per cent area.

Table 6.10 Area and production of flowers in Pune district

Sr.No. Flower Area (Ha) Production (MT.)

1. Aster 900 (13.46) 3010 (L.P.)

2. Chrysanthemum 791 (11.80) 2075 (M.T.)

3. Marigold 3737 (55.75) 19172 (M.T.)

4. Rose 289 (4.31) 1192 (L.P.)

5. Tuberose 875 (13.05) 3760 (L.P.)

6. Others 110 (1.64) 76 (MT/LP)

Total 6702(100)


Source- Data on flowers (2007-08) District Superintendent Agriculture Officer, Pune

district (GSAO), Pune.5

153

Table 6.11 Tahsil wise distribution of major flower (Ha) cultivation

Sr.No. Tahsil Aster Chrysan

themum

Marigold Rose Tuberose, Other Total

1. Ambegaon 85 71 140 27 05 08 336(5.02)

2. Baramati 03 02 231 - 166(19) - 402(6.00)

3. Bhor 03 02 06 - 11 03 22(0.33)

4. Daund - 300(38) 700(19) 40(14) 600(69) 25 1665(24.84)

5. Haveli 110 40 380 110(38) 22 20 682(10.18)

6. Indapur 62 25 43 22 26 10 188(2.81)

7. Junnar 420(47) 215(27) 710(19) 15 09 11 1380(20.59)

8. Khed 198(22) 06 220 04 06 - 434(6.48)

9. Maval - 05 95 15 02 14 146(2.18)

10. Mulshi 06 03 13 36 - 07 65(0.97)

11. Purandar - 90 1154(31) 12 .08 02 1266(18.89)

12. Shirur 13 32 44 08 19 01 112(1.68)

13. Velha - - 04 - 01 - 05(0.08)

Total 900

(13.43))

791

(11.80)

3740

(55.80)

289

(4.32)

867.08

(12.94)

101

(1.51)

6703

(100)


Source- Data on flowers (2007-08) District Superintendent Agriculture Officer, Pune District (DSAO), Pune.5

154

6.6.1 Tahsil wise Concentration of Flowers

Table 6.11 presents the tahsil wise distribution of major flower (Ha.) cultivation.

It showed that, Dound, Junner and Purandar occupied 65 per cent area while Haveli,

Khed, Baramati and Ambegaon occupied 28 per cent area. As regard to flower crops,

Junner and Khed occupied 69 per cent of aster, Dound and Junner 65 per cent of

chrysanthemum, Dound, Junner and Purandar 69 per cent of marigold, Dound and Haveli

52 per cent of rose, Baramati and Dound 80 per cent of tuberose. It can be concluded that,

Dound, Haveli, Junner, Khed and Purandar were the famous tahsil for flower cultivation

in reference period. It is remarkable feature that, each tahsil concentrated with one or two

flower crop. This is showing in Table 6.12.

Table 6.12 Tahsil Wise Concentration of Flowers

Sr.No. Tahsil Flowers

1. Daund Tuberose, Chrysanthemum, Marigold

2. Haveli Aster, Chrysanthemum, Rose and Tuberose

3. Junnar Aster, Chrysanthemum, Marigold, Rose

4. Khed Aster and Marigold

5. Purandar Marigold, Chrysanthemum

6. Baramati Tuberose, Marigold

7. Indapur Aster, Chrysanthemum, Rose, Tuberose

8. Ambegaon Aster, Chrysanthemum , Marigold

Source- Data on flowers (2007-08) District Superintendent Agriculture Officer,

Pune district (GSAO), Pune.5

6.7.0 Sample tahsils, flower crops and flower growers

Present course of study considered five flowers namely aster, marigold rose,

chrysanthemum and tuberose. Flowers taking into account as criteria of maximum

coverage of area under flowers in 2007/08 and sold at APMC, Pune. As per this criterion,

Khed, Purandar Haveli, and Dound, tahsils were selected for aster, marigold, rose,

chrysanthemum and tuberose, respectively. Sample tahsil occupied major area i.e. Khed

for aster (198 ha), Purandar for marigold (1154 ha), Haveli for rose198 ha, Dound for

chrysanthemum & tuberose (300ha&600 ha).

156

6.7.1 Khed tahsil for aster crop

Khed tahsil selected as sample tahsil according to famous for aster crop, which

occupied 22 per cent of Pune district. Aster crop concentrate at Chakan region of Khed

157

tahsil that shown in Map-4. Sample villages taking into consideration as famous for aster

crop that selected from different circles which shown in Table 6.13(a).

Table 6.13(a) Distribution of sample flower grower of aster by size class (ha)

District Total-900 ha. (100%), Total of sample tahsil (Khed)-198 ha. (22%)

Sr.No. Name of

the circle

Name of

the

village

Number of respondent as per

land holding size

Total

number

of

respon

dents

Sampling % to

total flower

growers in

respective

village

Small Medium Large

1 Bhose Bhose 5(24) 3(12) 2(7) 10(43) 23.26

2 Bhose Rase 5(20) 3(10) 2(7) 10(37) 27.07

3 Wadgaon

(Ghenand)

Wadgaon

(Ghenand)

5(18) 5(10) 3(6) 13(34) 38.23

4 Wadgaon

(Ghenand)

Koyali 5(8) 2(4) 1(3) 8(15) 53.33

2 4 20(70) 13(36) 8(23) 41(129) 31.79

(Figures in the bracket indicate respective total) (Data compiled from circle offices of respective villages - 2008/09)

Table 6.13 (a) shows that, distribution of sample flower grower of aster by size

class (ha). It shows, as per villages, 10 respondents selected from 43 flower growers of

Bhose village. 10 respondents selected from 37 flower growers of Rase village. 13

respondents selected from 34 flower growers of Wadgaon Ghenand village. 8 respondents

selected from 15 flower growers of Koyali village, In terms of numbers, small

landholders seems to be maximum followed by medium and large size group of farms,

respectively whereas sampling proportion is on an average 32 per cent of total flower

growers in respective villages.

Table 6.13(b) Distributions of area under aster in selected villages (ha)

Sr.No. Name of the village Area under aster of the sampl villages(ha) Sample area(ha)

1 Bhose 13.8 3.4(25)

2 Rase 12.2 3.4(28)

3 Wadgaon(Ghenand) 11.2 4.8(43)

4 Koyali 5.0 2.4(48)

42.2 14.8(35)

(Figures in the bracket indicate percentage to respective total) (Data compiled from circle offices of respective villages - 2008/09)

158

Table 6.13(b) shows that, Bhose village occupied maximum area under aster

followed by Rase, Wadgaon, and Koyali, respectively. In terms of area, sampling

proportion is on an average 35 per cent in respective villages

6.7.2 Purandar tahsil for marigold crop

Purandar tahsil selected as sample tahsil according to famous for marigold crop,

which occupied 30.8 per cent of Pune district. Marigold crop concentrate at whole region

of Purandar tahsil that shown in Map-5. Sample villages taking into consideration as

famous for aster crop that selected from different circles which shown in Table 6.14(a).

Table 6.14 (a) Distribution of sample flower growers of marigold by size class (ha) Study area: Pune district- 3737 ha. (100%), Sample tahsil: Purandar-1154 ha. (30.8%)

Sr.No. Name of

the circle

Name

of the

village


land holding size

Total

number

of

respon

dent

Sampling %

to total

flower

growers in

respective

village

Small Medium Large

1 Shivari Shivari 3(20) 3(13) 5(11) 11(44) 25

2 Shivari Valunjgaon 3(14) 3(8) 1(2) 7(24) 29

3 Dive Zendewadi 5(19) 1(3) 1(3) 7(25) 28

4 Malshiras Malshiras 3(22) 3(10) 2(8) 8(40) 20

5 Malshiras Ponde 4(23) 3(11) 1(3) 8(37) 22

3 5 18(98) 13(45) 10(27) 41(170) 25

(Figures in the bracket indicate respective total)

(Data compiled from circle office of respective villages-2008/09)

Table 6.14 (a) shows that, distribution of sample flower grower of marigold by

size class (ha). It shows, as per villages, 11 respondents selected from 44 flower growers

of Shivari village. 7 respondents selected from 24 flower growers of Valunjgaon village.

7 respondents selected from 25 flower growers of Zendewadi village. 8 respondents

selected from 40 flower growers of Malshiras village and 8 respondents selected from37

flower growers of Ponde village, In terms of numbers, small landholders seems to be

maximum followed by medium and large size group of farms, respectively whereas

159

sampling proportion is on an average 25 per cent of total flower growers in respective

villages.

Table 6.14 (b) Distributions of area under marigold in selected villages (ha)

Sr.No. Name of the

village

Area under marigold of the sample

villages(ha)

Sample area(ha)

1 Shivari 18.0 5.8(32)

2 Valunjgaon 7.6 2.6(34)

3 Zendewadi 7.4 2.2(30)

4 Malshiras 14.8 3.4(23)

5 Ponde 11.4 2.8(25)

59.2 16.8(29)


Table 6.14(b) shows that maximum area under marigold occupied Shivari village

followed by Malshiras, Ponde, Valunjgaon and Zendewadi, respectively. In terms of area,

sampling proportion is on an average 29 per cent in respective villages.

6.7.3 Haveli tahsil for rose crop

Haveli tahsil selected as sample tahsil according to famous for rose crop, which

occupied 38 per cent of Pune district. Rose crop concentrate at Solapur highway area of

Haveli tahsil that shown in Map-6. Sample villages selected from different circles taking

into consideration as famous (large area) for rose crop which shown in Table 6.15(a).

Table6.15 (a) Distribution of sample cultivator of rose by size class (rose)

District total-289ha (100%), Total of sample tahsil (Haveli) 110 ha (38 %)

Sr.No. Name of

the circle

Name of the

village


land holding size

Total

no. of

respon

dents

Sampling

% to total

flower

growers in

respective

village

Small Medium Large

1 Hadapsar Phursungi 4(11) 4(9) 3(7) 11(27) 40.74

2 Loni

kalbhor

Sortapwadi 5(13) 3(6) 2(5) 10(24) 41.66

3 Theur Kunjeerwadi 3(8) 3(5) 2(4) 8(17) 47.05

Total 3 3 12(32) 10(20) 7(16) 29(68) 42.64


(Data compiled from circle offices of concerned villages -2008/09)

160

It shows that, distribution of sample flower grower of rose by size class (ha). It

shows, as per villages, 11 respondents selected from 27 flower growers of Phursungi

village. 10 respondents selected from 24 flower growers of Sortapwadi village. 8

respondents selected from 17 flower growers of Kunjeerwadi village, In terms of

numbers, small landholders seems to be maximum followed by medium and large size

group of farms, respectively whereas sampling proportion is on an average 43 per cent of

total flower growers in respective villages.

Table 6.15 (b) Distributions of area under rose in selected villages (ha)

Sr.No. Name of the

village

Area under rose of the sample

villages(ha) Sample area(ha)

1 Phursungi 15.4 6.4(42)

2 Sortapwadi 12.8 5.4(42)

3 Kunjeerwadi 9.4 4.6(49)

37.6 16.4(44)


(Data compiled from circle offices of respective villages - 2008/09)

Table 6.15(b) shows that Phursungi village occupied maximum area under rose

followed by Sortapwadi and Kunjeerwadi, respectively. In terms of area, sampling

proportion is on an average 44 per cent in respective villages.

6.7.4 Dound tahsil for chrysanthemum crop

Dound tahsil selected as sample tahsil according to famous for chrysanthemum

crop, which occupied 38 per cent of Pune district. Chrysanthemum crop concentrate at

Solapur highway area of Dound tahsil that shown in Map-7. Sample villages taking into

consideration as famous for chrysanthemum crop that selected from different circles

which shown in Table 6.16(a).

Table 6.16 (a) shows that, distribution of sample flower grower of chrysanthemum

by size class (ha). It shows, as per villages, 25respondents selected from 85 flower

growers of Yavat village. 11 respondents selected from 26 flower growers of Yavat

(Station) village. 15 respondents selected from 29 flower growers of Wakhari village, In

161

terms of numbers, small landholders seems to be maximum followed by medium and

large size group of farms, respectively whereas sampling proportion is on an average 40

per cent of total flower growers in respective villages.

Table 6.16 (a) Distribution of sample flower grower of chrysanthemum by size class

(Ha) (District total-791 ha. (100%), Total of sample tahsil (Dound)-300 ha. (38%))

Sr.No. Name of the

circle

Name

of

the

village

Number of respondent as per land

holding size

Total

no.

of

respon

dents

Sampling

% to total

flower

growers in

respective

village

Small Medium Large

1 Yavat Yavat 12(40) 9(38) 4(7) 25(85) 31.94

2 Yavat Yavat

(station)

5(18) 4(6) 2(2) 11(26) 39.47

3 Kedgaon Wakhari 6(17) 4(8) 5(5) 15(29) 62.74

3 4 23(75) 17(51) 11(14) 51(140) 39.05


(Compiled from talathi office of concerned villages - 2008/09)

Table 6.16(b) Distributions of area under chrysanthemum in selected villages (ha)

Sr.No. Name of the

village Area under chrysanthemum of the

sample villages(ha)

Sample area(ha)

1 Yavat 57.6 18.4(32)

2 Yavat(station) 15.2 6.0(39)

3 Wakhari 20.4 12.8(63)

93.2 37.2(40)


Table 6.16(b) shows that maximum area under rose occupied Yavat village

followed by Wakhari and Yavat (station) respectively. In terms of area, sampling


6.7.5 Dound tahsil for tuberose crop

Dound tahsil selected as sample tahsil according to famous for tuberose crop,

which occupied 38 per cent of Pune district. Chrysanthemum crop concentrate at

Sholapur highway area of Dound tahsil that shown in Map-7. Sample villages taking into

162

consideration as famous for tuberose crop that selected from different circles which

shown in Table 6.17(a)

Table 6.17 (a) Distribution of sample flower growers of tuberose by size class

District total- 875 ha. (100%), Total of sample tahsil (Dound)-600 ha. (68.57%)

Sr.No. Name of

the circle

Name of

the

village


land holding size

Total

no.

of

respon

dents

Sampling %

to total flower

growers in

respective

village

Small Medium Large

1 Yavat Yavat 11(59) 8(48) 7(30) 26(137) 19.59

2 Yavat Yavat

(station)

6(20) 4(10) 2(7) 12(37) 32.78

3 Kedgaon Wakhari 4(11) 3(7) 2(5) 9(23) 40.00

4 Varwand Varvand 2(8) 2(4) 1(3) 5(15) 36.00

Total 3 4 23(98) 17(69) 12(45) 52(212) 25.06


(Data compiled from circle offices of concerned villages - 2008/09)

It shows from Table 6.17(a) that, distribution of sample flower grower of tuberose

by size class (ha). It shows, as per villages, 26 respondents selected from 137 flower

growers of Yavat village. 12 respondents selected from 37 flower growers of Yavat

(station village. 9 respondents selected from 23 flower growers of Wakhari village. 5

respondents selected from 15 flower growers of Varvand village, In terms of numbers,

small landholders seems to be maximum followed by medium and large size group of

farms, respectively whereas sampling proportion is on an average 26 per cent of total

flower growers in respective villages.

Table 6.17(b) Distributions of area under tuberose in selected villages (ha)

Sr.No. Name of the

village

Area under tuberose of the sample

villages(ha) Sample area(ha)

1 Yavat 49 9.6(20)

2 Yavat(station) 12.2 4(33)

3 Wakhari 8 3.2(40)

4 Varvand 5 1.8(36)

74.2 18.6(25)


163

Table 6.17(b) shows that maximum area under tuberose occupied Yavat village

followed by Yavat (station) Wakhari and Varvand, respectively. In terms of area, sampling


6.8.0 Socio-economic indicators of sample farms

Information access pertaining socio-economic features of the selected farm i.e. family

size, farm size and cropping pattern and analyzed as below.

6.8.1 Family size of the sample farms

Flower cultivation requires comparatively more work force to various farm

activities such as planting, weeding, picking of flowers, etc. To check the relationship

between family size and their farm involvement, data has collected pertaining to this

aspect as presented in Table-6.18

It observed from the Table that average size of family was 5.7 at the overall level.

The average number of members among small, medium and large size group of farms

was 5.3, 5.7 and 6.1, respectively. The composition of family at the overall level shows

that each family has 2.1 adult males, 1.7 adult females and 1.9 children. As compared to

different size group of farms, number of men, women and children showed relatively

more in large size group followed by medium and small. According to cost of cultivation

record, family member used as a labour relatively more in small. As a result of family

size and cost of cultivation record, member of families among large size group involved

relatively low in farm activities.

As regard to number of earner and dependent, it showed 42 per cent and 58 per

cent, respectively, at overall level while different size group indicate that dependent

numbers were more (60%) among small and medium size group of farms.

6.8.2 Educational status of the sample farms

The data on educational status of the selected farm family has presented in Table-

6.19. It observed from the Table that the percentage of illiteracy observed 10 per cent of

164

male while 11 per cent of female at overall level. The percentage of primary level

schooling observed 36 per cent of male while 41 per cent of female and 40 per cent of

children‟s. The percentage of secondary level schooling observed 41 per cent of male

while 37 per cent of female and 39 per cent of children. The percentage of graduation

level observed 13 per cent of male while 12 per cent of female.

6.8.3 Land use pattern of the sample farms

Land use pattern in different size groups of farms is presented in Table-6.20. The

average size of the holding in the small, medium and large groups of farm found 1.37,

2.79 and 5.85 hectares, respectively. The proportion of operational land was 88 per cent

at overall level it was 91, 87 and 85 per cent at small, medium and large size of farms,

respectively. It was seen that the land under irrigation was more in large size group (2.65

ha.) in fact proportional percentage of irrigated area was more in small sized group (77%)

followed by medium (67%) and large (53%). Flower crop wise comparison showed that

aster and marigold concentrated area (Khed and Purandar) was relatively less irrigated

compare to others at all categories. It would be seen the same features of proportion of

area sown more than once and gross cropped area which related to irrigation facilities.

6.8.4 Cropping pattern of the sample farms

To understand the cropping pattern of sample flower grower, crops classified in

four categories such as food grains, flowers, other cash crops and ordinary crops. This

presented in Table-6.21. Food grains include jawar(R), bajara (K), wheat(R); other cash

crops include sugarcane, groundnut, vegetables; flowers include aster, marigold,

chrysanthemum, rose and tuberose; other ordinary crops include gram mug fodder, etc. It

can be observed from Table 6.21 that at the overall level the gross cropped area was 3.50

hectares. Food grain crops occupied 34.3 per cent, flower crops 19 per cent, other cash

crops 26.6 per cent and other ordinary crops 20.1 per cent at overall level. As compare to

different size group of farms food grains occupied major area i.e. 28.5 per cent 33.5 per

165

cent and 36.5 per cent of small, medium and large size group of farms, respectively.

Flowers occupied of 15.5, 18.3, and 20 per cent; other cash crops of 20, 22, and 31.3 per

cent; other ordinary crops of 36, 26.2 and 12.2 per cent among small, medium and large

size group of farms, respectively. Above analysis, indicate that food grains occupied

major area at all size groups whereas, flower crops occupied noticeable proportion with

compare to others. Cropping intensity showed decreases with increasing size of farms

because decreasing ratio of operational land. It was 177, 167 and 153 per cent of small,

medium and large size of groups, respectively whereas; it was 160.56 per cent at overall

level. Table-6.18 Average family size of the sample flower grower by size class

Sr.No. Farm size/

Flower type

Adult Children No.

of

earner

No.

of

dependent

Total

Male Female Male Female

1 Small

a Aster 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.0 2.2 3.2 5.4

b Marigold 1.8 1.9 1.0 0.8 2.3 3.2 5.5

c Chrysanthemum 1.8 0.9 0.7 1.6 2.2 2.8 5

d Rose 1.9 1.7 1.1 0.7 2.1 3.3 5.4

e Tuberose 1.9 1.7 1.1 0.8 2.0 3.5 5.5

2 Medium

a Aster 2.1 1.8 0.8 0.9 2.2 3.4 5.6

b Marigold 2.0 1.8 1.2 0.7 2.3 3.4 5.7

c Chrysanthemum 2.0 2.0 1.0 0.9 2.4 3.5 5.9

d Rose 2.1 1.7 1.2 0.8 2.2 3.6 5.8

e Tuberose 1.9 1.8 0.9 1.1 2.3 3.4 5.7

3 Large

a Aster 2.3 1.7 1.1 1.0 2.7 3.5 6.2

b Marigold 2.3 2.0 0.9 1.1 2.9 3.4 6.3

c Chrysanthemum 2.4 1.9 1.3 0.5 2.7 3.2 6.1

d Rose 2.4 1.9 1.0 0.8 2.7 3.2 6.1

Overall

1 Small 1.84

(34)

1.56

(30)

0.98

(18)

0.98

(18)

2.16

(40)

3.2

(60)

5.36

(100)

2 Medium 2.02

(35)

1.82

(32)

1.02

(18)

0.88

(15)

2.3

(40)

3.46

(60)

5.74

(100)

3 Large 2.34

(38)

1.9

(31)

1.04

(17)

0.86

(14)

2.76

(45)

3.40

(55)

6.16

(100)

4 Overall 2.07

(36)

1.76

(31)

1.02

(18)

0.91

(15)

2.4

(42)

3.34

(58)

5.75

(100)


166

Table 6.19Educational status of family of sample flower grower

Sr.No. Illite

rate

Prim

ary

Higher Grad

uation

Total

male

(Adult)

Illite

rate

Prim

ary

Higher Grad

uation

Total

female

(Adult)

Pre-

prim

ary

Prim

ary

Higher Total

child

ren

Grand

total

1 S

M

A

L

L

0.1 0.7 0.8 0.2 1.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 00 1.6 0.4 0.9 0.7 2.0 5.4

0.1 0.8 0.7 0.2 1.8 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.2 1.9 0.3 0.8 0.7 1.8 5.5

0.4 00 1.0 0.4 1.8 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.6 0.2 0.6 0.8 1.6 5.0

0.2 0.7 0.7 0.3 1.9 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 5.4

0.1 0.8 0.7 0.3 1.9 0.1 1.0 0.5 0.1 1.7 0.4 0.9 0.6 1.9 5.5

2 M

E

D

I

U

M

0.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 2.1 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.3 1.8 0.1 0.7 0.9 1.7 5.6

0.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.2 1.8 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.9 5.7

0.3 0.7 0.8 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.0 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 1.9 5.9

0.2 1.1 0.7 0.1 2.1 0.3 1.0 0.4 00 1.7 0.2 1 0.8 2.0 5.8

0.2 0.6 0.8 0.3 1.9 0.14 0.7 0.7 0.16 1.8 0.3 0.8 0.9 2.0 5.7

3 L

A

R

G

E

0.2 0.9 1.0 0.2 2.3 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.4 1.7 0.5 1.0 0.5 2.2 6.2

0.4 1.0 0.6 0.3 2.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 2.0 0.6 0.8 0.6 2.0 6.3

0.2 0.8 1.0 0.4 2.4 00 1.0 0.7 0.2 1.9 0.3 0.7 0.8 1.8 6.1

0.1 1.2 0.8 0.3 2.4 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.2 1.9 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.8 6.1

0.3 1.0 0.7 0.3 2.3 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.3 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.8 6.1

4 S 0.18

(10)

0.6

(33)

0.8

(45)

0.22

(12)

1.84

(34)

0.14

(10)

0.7

(47)

0.6

(35)

0.12

(8)

1.56

(30)

0.46

(22)

0.8

(39)

0.7

(39)

1.96

(36)

5.36

(100)

M 0.22

(11)

0.7

(35)

0.8

(40)

0.3

(14)

2.02

(35)

0.22

(11)

0.7

(39)

0.6

(33)

0.3

(17)

1.82

(32)

0.26

(16)

0.9

(42)

0.8

(42)

1.9

(33)

5.74

(100)

L 0.24

(9)

0.9

(39)

0.9

(39)

0.3

(13)

2.34

(38)

0.2

(11)

0.7

(37)

0.7

(42)

0.3

(10)

1.9

(31)

0.44

(26)

0.7

(37)

0.8

(37)

1.9

(31)

6.16

(100)

O 0.22

(10)

0.74

(36)

0.84

(41)

0.28

(13)

2.07

(36)

0.19

(11)

0.7

(41)

0.64

(37)

0.24

(12)

1.76

(31)

0.36

(21)

0.8

(40)

0.77

(39)

1.92

(33)

5.75

(100)


Source- Derived from primary data collected by researcher

167

Table-6.20 Land use pattern of sample flower grower by size class (ha)

Sr.

No

Flower/

Farm size

Total

owned

Land

Operational

Land

Irrigated

Land

Un-

irrigated

Land

Area

sown

more

than

once

Gross

cropped

area

Cropping

intensity

%

1 Small

Aster 1.27 1.21 0.91 0.3 0.91 1.83 175.21

Marigold 1.31 1.23 0.9 0.33 0.92 1.85 174.80

Chrysanthemum 1.37 1.22 0.86 0.36 0.86 1.73 170.50

Rose 1.51 1.33 1.08 0.25 1.08 2.16 181.21

Tuberose 1.35 1.25 1.01 0.24 1.01 2.02 180.8

2 Medium

Aster 2.58 2.35 1.47 0.88 1.47 2.95 162.56

Marigold 2.87 2.21 1.23 0.98 1.16 2.4 152.49

Chrysanthemum 2.75 2.35 1.72 0.63 1.72 3.45 173.20

Rose 2.76 2.58 1.74 0.84 1.82 3.64 170.55

Tuberose 2.92 2.65 1.96 0.69 1.96 3.92 173.97

3 Large

Aster 4.82 4.15 2.37 1.78 2.37 4.75 157.11

Marigold 5.77 5.175 2.1 3.07 2.1 4.2 140.58

Chrysanthemum 6.47 5 2.67 2.33 2.67 5.34 153.4

Rose 5.57 5.17 2.74 2.43 2.74 5.48 153.0

Tuberose 6.6 5.35 3.33 2.02 3.33 6.66 162.25

4 Overall

Aster 2.89 2.57 1.58 0.99 1.58 3.17 161.48

Marigold 3.32 2.87 1.41 1.46 1.39 2.81 148.43

Chrysanthemum 3.53 2.85 1.75 1.1 1.75 3.51 161.40

Rose 3.28 3.02 1.85 1.17 1.88 3.76 162.25

Tuberose 3.62 3.08 2.10 0.98 2.10 4.20 168.18

1 Small 1.37 1.25

(91)

0.96

(77)

0.3

(23)

0.97 1.93 177.6

2 Medium 2.79 2.44

(87)

1.63

(67)

0.81

(33)

1.64 3.28 167.22

3 Large 5.85 4.97

(85)

2.65

(53)

2.33

(47)

2.65 5.29 153.32

4 Overall 3.34 2.89

(88)

1.75

(66)

1.15

(34)

1.75 3.50 160.56



168

Table-6.21Cropping pattern of sample flower grower by size class (ha)

Sr.No. Flower/Farm size Food

grains

Flowers Other

cash

crops

Other

ordinary

crop

Gross

cropped

area

1 Small

Aster 0.37 0.45 0.39 0.62 1.83

Marigold 0.68 0.23 0.31 0.63 1.85

Chrysanthemum 0.45 0.36 0.41 0.51 1.73

Rose 0.62 0.3 0.41 0.25 2.16

Tuberose 0.63 0.2 0.42 0.77 2.02

2 Medium

Aster 0.71 0.79 0.85 0.6 2.95

Marigold 1.10 0.59 0.52 0.19 2.4

Chrysanthemum 1.15 0.51 0.69 1.1 3.45

Rose 1.32 0.5 0.76 1.06 3.64

Tuberose 1.25 0.62 0.78 1.27 3.92

3 Large

Aster 1.12 0.92 2.11 0.6 4.75

Marigold 1.84 0.78 1.0 0.58 4.2

Chrysanthemum 2.75 0.09 2.16 0.67 5.34

Rose 2.23 0.95 1.99 0.31 5.48

4 Tuberose 1.74 2.54 1.07 1.31 6.66

1 Small 0.55

(28.5)

0.30

(15.5)

0.38

(20)

0.7

(36)

1.93

(100)

2 Medium 1.10

(33.5)

0.60

(18.3)

0.72

(22)

0.86

(26.2)

3.28

(100)

3 Large 1.93

(36.5)

1.05

(20)

1.66

(31.3)

0.65

(12.2)

5.29

(100)

4 Overall 1.20

(34.3)

0.66

(19)

0.93

(26.6)

0.49

(20.1)

3.50

(100)



6.9.0 Concluding observations

Concluding observations of sample area, i.e. Pune district summarized as follows.

1 Pune district having favourable agro-climatic conditions and infrastructure (market

and transportation), which offering tremendous scope for horticulture.

169

2 Rice, wheat, jawar, bajra, cereals, tur, gram, pulses, sugarcane, cotton, groundnut,

sunflower, soyabean, grapes pomegranate, custard apple, fig, vegetables, flowers were

the major crops growing in the district.

3 District having large area under flowers compared to other district. It observed that,

Dound, Haveli, Junner, Khed and Purandar were the famous tahsil for flower

cultivation in reference period.

4 Tahsil bordered to Pune city observed famous for flower cultivation, particularly those

villages situated around urban areas are famous flower growing villages.

5 It observed that, maximum numbers of flower grower belonging small and medium

group of farms.

6 Haveli and Dound are canal irrigated tahsil growing perennial flower crops; whereas,

Purandar and Khed are less irrigated tahsil growing seasonal flower crops.

7 It shows that marigold, tuberose, rose, chrysanthemum and aster covered major area.

8 Cropping intensity in the district showed decreases with increasing size of farms, due

to decreasing ratio of operational land.

9 According to survey, the composition of family of sample flower growers shows that

each family have 2.1 adult males, 1.7 adult females and 1.9 children at the overall

level.

10 It observed that the percentage of illiteracy observed 10 per cent of male while 11 per

cent of female at overall level.

170

References

1 Kotak Mahadev Ramchandra(2000) Shivpurvakalin and Shivkalin Pune, Shahar

Pune (Ed) Arun Tokekar,Nilubhau Limaye Foundation

2 Maharashtra at a Glance (2005) Directorate General of Information and Public

Relation, Government Central Press, Mumbai









7 Socio Economic Abstract of Pune-(2007-08) Directorate of Economics and Statistics,

GoM, Mumbai.


GoM, Mumbai.

9 Handbook of Basic Statistics of Maharashtra State (2004) Directorate of Economics

and Statistics, GoM, Mumbai.


GoM, Mumbai.


GoM, Mumbai



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