Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits
-
Upload
jerry-comia -
Category
Documents
-
view
253 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits
![Page 1: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2 Basic Components and Electric Circuits
Engineering Circuit Analysis Sixth Edition
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin
Copyright © 2002 McGraw-Hill, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
User Note:
Run View Show under the Slide Show menu to enable slide selection.
Fig. 2.1 “Charge flowing through a wire…”
Figs. 2.5 and 2.6 Current labeling conventions
Figs. 2.9 and 2.10 Voltage labeling conventions
Fig. 2.12 “The power absorbed by the element is…”
Figs. 2.16 - 2.18 Circuit symbols for various sources
Fig. 2.19 Circuit for Example 2.2
Fig. 2.20 Circuit for Practice Problem 2.20
Fig. 2.23 Ohm’s Law
![Page 2: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
The SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C).
Current is the rate of flow of charge past a point.
The SI unit of current is the ampere (A) or informally amp.
One ampere is one coulomb per second.
![Page 3: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
Two different methods of labeling the same current.
(a,b) Incomplete, improper, and incorrect definitions of a current. (c) the correct definition of i1(t).
![Page 4: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
VoltageVoltage is a measure of the amount of energy required to move
a quantity of charge from one point in a circuit to another. If
the expenditure of one joule of energy is required to move one
coulomb of charge from point A in a circuit to point B, then
point A is one volt higher in voltage than point B. The unit of
voltage is the volt (V) and one volt is one joule per coulomb.
![Page 5: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
(a, b) These are inadequate definitions of a voltage. (c) A correct definition includes both a symbol for the variable and a plus-minus symbol pair.
(a, b) Terminal B is 5 V positive with respect to terminal A; (c,d) terminal A is 5 V positive with respect to terminal B.
![Page 6: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
If the current arrow is directed into the “ +” marked terminal of an element, then p = vi yields the absorbed power. A negative value indicates that power is actually being generated by the element.
If the current arrow is directed out of the “ +” terminal of an element, then p = vi yields the supplied power. A negative value in this case indicates that power is actually being absorbed instead of generated.
![Page 7: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
Symbol for: (a) DC voltage source; (b) battery; (c) ac voltage source.
Symbol for an independent current source.
The four different types of dependent sources:(a) current-controlled current source;(b) voltage-controlled current source;(c) voltage-controlled voltage source;(d) current-controlled voltage source.
![Page 8: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
In the circuit below ,if v2 is known to be 3 V, find vL .
![Page 9: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Find the power absorbed by each element in the circuit below.
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
![Page 10: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
W.H. Hayt, Jr., J.E. Kemmerly, S.M. Durbin, Engineering Circuit Analysis, Sixth Edition.
Copyright ©2002 McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved.
v = i R
or
i = R
v
Ohm’s Law
![Page 11: Chapter Two Basic Components and Electric Circuits](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/55cf8e3e550346703b900fb7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
R is resistance to current flow. A higher resistance means more
power (higher voltage) is required to cause a given current to flow.
The unit of resistance is the ohm Ω( ) and one ohm is one volt per amp. R=V / IG is conductance. A higher conductance means less power (lower voltage) is required to cause a given current to flow. The unit of conductance is the
siemen S( ). One siemen is one amp per volt. The conductance of a circuitelement is the reciprocal of the resistance of that element. G=I /V =1/ R