Chapter One Edited

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EFFECTS OF BULLYING IN THE SCHOOL PREFORMANCE OFBENIGNO AQUINO HIGH SCHOOLS STUDENTS: BASIS

FOR COUNSELING INTERVENTION

An Undergraduate Thesis ProposalPresented to the Faculty of Psychology

University of Makati

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Psychology

By:

Castaeda, Aillien B.

Cope, Erold Z.Gumangan, Rochel Mae L.Lumbang, Gennica Jilyn S.

Pancho, Ma. Jesusa S.

III-C Psychology

Second Semester: AY 2012-2013


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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Under the House Bill No. 2630, introduced by Hon. Christopher S. Co.,

Rodel M. Batacabe and Alfredo A. Garbin Jr. its an act mandating schools,

colleges and universities to create an anti-Bullying policy n their institutions. It is

enacted by the senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in

congress assembled. This is also known as the Anti-Bullying School of 2010

Many children of this days go home with some bruises, abrasions and

other kind of physical abuse from a bully at school, others would always find a

reason why not to go to school or wanted to transfer to somewhere else. This

can be alarming for the number of bullied kids these days are raising. Even

though that some bullied kids used that experience as an inspiration, it can still

stay on them permanently and not all of them are able to rise up and defend

themselves and that would lead them to feel inferior and the feel of uselessness.

Not only is the bullied kid the focus of our research, it also include those

bullies. We are concern to them because we know that they also have some

problems that cause them to bully a person. Those kids also need attention and

someone to listen in all the things they have to say. They might be suffering from

a family problem and the only way to release that too much aggression is to

make other people miserable. They want to make them feel what they felt and

maybe get noticed.


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The rates of bullying during the high school days are lesser than in

elementary but the way of the bully in bullying someone is worst in high school.

The reason of it is that the high school years is when the identity of a person was

being build up, once the self-esteem of a person was ruined by someone, it can

leave a mark that can hunt that person in the rest of his life. It is better to give a

helping hand to those bullies and bullied as early as possible by means of

intervention and counseling because when they reach college, a whole new

world awaits them and certain adjustment must be done so its better to be

confident when facing different chapters in their lives.

As a psychology student, we aim to know how hard it is to be bullied. We

want to know everything about bullying so that we are able to cope up with their

situation. The problem about bullying is a serious issue that should be solved and

be laid focus on for those children is in need of a person that can understand

them and ready to offer a helping hand. We would like to share our studies to

them and to some teachers so that the problem of bullying can be lessen and

those bullied kids would enjoy their school days and will never find a way on not

to like to go to school and socialize.

Background of the Study

Long before, bullying is not a major concern to the society because the

people those days are not aware of the possible effects of bullying to a child.

Then until a Swedish researcher named Dan Olweus, a psychology professor at


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the university of Bergen in Norway, completed the first large-scale, scientific

study of bully/victim problems among school children and youth that the public

was alerted to the magnitude of the problem.

He had his study published with the title Aggression in the Schools:

Bullies and Whipping Boys. This study of his opened the eye of the people about

bullying and now, helped to have a slow but steady development regards to

bullying.

When regards to our selected school. BNAHS was our Alma matterso

we are already aware that bullying do happen at that school based on our 4 yeas

of stay there. The school was not able to come up with the exact number of the

reports at bullying because the problem with bullying was not able to reach the

higher office for the cause of they prefer to solve it inside the classroom.

We dont say that it only happen there minimally, its such that the

guidance councilor said to us we only happen to have a record of those being

bullied physically, other concerns are mostly solve by the adviser of the class.

That is why our challenge is to make them be heard. We are ready to

listen to them and give help and advice to make them see that our aim for their

own good also.

Theoretical Framework

Harry Stack Sullivan, Albert Bandura and Alfred Adler are the persons

who proposed the theories that would guide us on our study. Sullivan has


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formulated the Interpersonal Theory at the year 1929, Banduras Social Learning

Theory was proposed on the year 1952 and Adlers Individual Psychology at

1911.

Harry StackSullivan wrote in his theory that we see ourselves in three

basic ways: the bad-me, the-good me and the not-me. The bad-me represents

those aspects of the self that are considered negative and are therefore hidden

from others and possibly even by the self. It develops when interactions are

disappointing, upsetting, or anxiety-provoking. The good-me is everything we like

about ourselves, in interactions that are rewarding and fulfilling. It represents the

part that we share with others and that we often choose to focus on because it

produces no anxiety. The not-me represents all those things that are so anxiety-

provoking that we cannot even consider them as part of us. Doing so would

definitely create anxiety which we spend our lives trying to avoid.

Albert Bandura state about the effect of modeling, it is illustrated in

aggression, moral adjustment and delay of gratification. Aggression is when the

children is exposed to aggressive models, they tend to respond to frustration with

considerable aggression. Meanwhile, equally frustrated children who have

observed models displaying inhibited behavior are relatively less aggressive and

tend to match the behavior of this other model. Direct training through reward,

aversive stimulation, and other disciplinary procedures play a vital role in shaping

and maintaining patterns of social behavior. The moral adjustment reinforces

patterns that play a vital role in the development of self control. Positive

reinforcement increases the frequency of aggressive response. The delay of


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Students profile

Family

background

Academic

standing

Types of friends

Peer Relationship

School

performance

Self-made test

Observation process

Gain self confidenc

Positive outlook in

themselves

Lessen shyness

lessen the

absentees

Gain positive

attitude

Counseling

Intervention

gratification is determined by the expected outcome as seen in direct personal

experiences of models such as parents, peers, and self-reactions.

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

Feedback loop

The input contains the leading variables regarding about the respondents

informations at school. It includes the profile of the respondents, academic

standings and informations from his/her classmates and teachers.

The second frame contains the methods and procedures to be used to

analyze those variables by making a psychological test, conducting interview,

and the use of our counseling skills.


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The third frame is the output. It contains the possible attitudes and

personality the respondents might gain throughout the research. Those might

help them in seeing the positive outlook of life.

Statement of the Problem

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. Gender

1.2. Socio-economic status

1.3. Age

1.4. Sectioning

2. What is the profile of the respondent in terms of school performance:

2.1. Academic grade

2.2. Attendance

2.3. Extracurricular activities

3. What forms of bullying being experience by the respondents:

3.1. Physical

3.2. Verbal

3.3. Social Alienation

Hypothesis Question: Is there any significant difference in the school

performance of a bullied student from those who are not being bullied?


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Scope and Delimitation

In studying about bullying, the researchers needed the help of the third

year school students of Benigno Ninoy S. Aquino High School or better know by

the students there as BNAHS. Those selected sections are enough to cover the

studies and their knowledge about bullying is matured enough but still on the

confused state.

The researchers conduct a personality test for those students who show a

disturbance in the proposed test. The test was conducted by us is a personality

test to recognize the students who will be their main subject.

The researchers had experience delimitation on the number of

respondents available and the period of time to gather the needed data. Because

of a long process in accepting the request for us to conduct the study at their

school, we ran out of time on when we should be available at the time. We also

had a problem on selecting how many respondents.

Significance of the Study

Our study about bullying can contribute a lot on the field of psychology

and education. Its such that the issue about bullying is timeless as long as there

is a student studying on the school, there will always be a bully to pick on a

weaker man.


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The possible solution that we can see in this problem is to understand

those bullies and try to see why they are doing such harsh stuff to their fellow

students. Those bullied kids would also need the help of others; they need to

stand up for themselves because no one can help them most but themselves.

A lot of people will benefit onour research. The number one on our list is

the victims of bullies. They can gain some inspirational thoughts and they can

also relate to the study itself. The other one would be the teachers. They are

always surrounded with students who might have a problem with a bully, as a

student they will run to a teacher for a possible solution to their problem so those

teachers must be knowledgeable on the situation of his/her student.

The contribution of our research to the field of knowledge is on how to

handle a bully. Not every bullied kid is able to stand up for themselves so we will

help them along the way. They will know the proper way to confront their problem

in a non violent way.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

For better understanding and interpretation of this study, the following

terms are operationally defined.

Alienation - diversion to another purpose. It is one of the negative feelings

that a bullied kid feels. They are being alienated from the other people for they

dont want to get involve in their situation.


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Anxiety - condition of mental uneasiness arising from fear of solicitude.

Most bullied kids feel anxious because of the awful things that the bullies do to

them.

Bully the one who domineers by insolence or threats. These people are

those who engage on bullying. They are the one who want to feel dominated

towards other people.

Bullying - an act when someone keeps doing or saying things to have

power over another person. It is when a certain person is making a person

miserable or doing some certain things to irritate or hurt that person they want to

feel dominated.

Covert - not openly practiced, avowed, engaged in, accumulated, or

shown. Most of the bullied kids are coverted to the other people and they are

usually not open when it comes with conversation.

Depression - the act of being depress. Its an act of being down because

of negative emotions drawn from a bad experience.

Gender- is a range of characteristics offemininityandmasculinity.

Depending on the context, the term may refer to such concepts as sex(as

in the general state of being male or female),social roles(as ingender

roles) orgender identity.

Harassment - the act of harassing. Those bullies like harassing their

victims for the more they harass them, they often feel satisfied.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_identityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_rolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femininity


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Intimidation - the use of threats or violence to influence the actions of

another. A way of what a bully wants his victim to feel.

Physical bullying in terms of being physical abuse by their classmates or

some other people.

Social alienation is when people avoid him/her in getting involved to some

group discussion.

Socio-economic status- (SES) is an economic and sociological

combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an

individual's or familys economic and social position in relation to others,

based onincome,education, and occupation.

Teacher bullying is when the teacher itself are the one who is intimidating

his/her students

Verbal bullying by being teased by other people, calling them names or

keeping them down when they try to achieve something

Abbreviations

BNAHS-Benigno Ninoy Aquino High School

DSWD-Department of Social Welfare and Development
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income

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