CHAPTER OBJECTIVES © SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING THE MANAGER AS LEADER nDefine the concept...

CHAPTER

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

© SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING

THE MANAGERAS LEADER

Define the concept of leadership and important characteristics of leaders.

Identify five important human relations skills needed by managers.

Discuss two viewpoints of managers about employees' attitudes toward work.

Compare three different leadership styles and determine when each is most effective.

Describe the importance of work rules in a business and the procedures managers should follow in enforcing them.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP

To get work done effectively, employees must understand why the work is important and must want to do the work.

Employees want to be an important part of the business and want managers to value their ideas as well as their work.

A manager who earns the respect and cooperation of employees to effectively accomplish the work of the organization is known as a LEADER.

LEADERSHIP is the ability to influence individuals and groups to cooperatively achieve organizational goals.

The Importance of leadership cont.

Leaders have excellent human relation skills.

HUMAN RELATIONS refers to how well people get along with each other when working together.

A group of people who respect each other and work well together will likely do better work then groups characterized by negative feelings, misunderstandings, hostility, and a lack of respect for each other

All managers have a responsibility for getting work done through others, so relationships are important.

Not everyone is currently an effective leader, but leadership skills can be developed which are emphasized in today’s management training programs where they focus on leadership and human relations



LEADERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS

One of the most important responsibilities is creating an atmosphere that encourages employees to do their best work to make the business successful.

Employees have their own goals and needs as well.

Managers must work to satisfy important needs of each employee while also meeting the goals of the business.

Leadership characteristics are directly related to the success of the company.

Leaders help employees get work done correctly and willingly.

Leadership Characteristics cont.

A good manager creates a work environment in which employees enjoy their work and want to do a good job.

Leadership characteristics are personal qualities rather than specific ways that managers behave.

Each company, each job, and each situation is different.

Leadership characteristics prepare managers to be flexible and adjust to changes.

2 managers with the same leadership qualities will probably respond in different ways to specific situations, but will be able to work well with people to get the necessary work accomplished.



INFLUENCING PEOPLE Managers can influence people to accomplish work in both negative

and positive ways. Managers can influence employees because of their POWER ( the

ability to control behavior).

FOUR TYPES OF POWER

1. Position Power- comes from the position the manager holds in the organization. EX: If a manager is an employee’s boss, the manager has the power to give directions.

2. Reward Power- power based on ability to control rewards and punishments. EX: Manager determines work schedules, pay increases, etc; employees are likely to respond.

3. Expert Power- power given to the people because of their superior knowledge about the work. EX: If a worker is unsure how to perform a task, they may ask an expert.

4. Identity Power- power given to the people because others identify with and want to be accepted by them. EX: Experienced and well-liked employees have identity power.


LEADERSHIPTRAITS

Intelligence Judgement Objectivity Initiative Dependability Cooperation

Honesty Courage Confidence Stability Understanding


Developing Leadership Skills For the most part, people are not “born” leaders. Most people can become effective leaders with preparation

and practice. Managers are not the only people who need leadership skills Many businesses are using employee teams to plan work and

make decisions. (EMPOWERMENT) Individual team members may assume leadership roles for

specific projects. Leaders will have expert and identity power to get projects

completed. Entire team may be given position and reward power that they

can use to manage team activities and to achieve team goals. Companies often prefer to hire workers who have already

developed many leadership traits Training programs introduce or reinforce team building

activities


HUMAN RELATIONS- managers must be able to work well with others both inside and outside the business and help employees work well together.

Self-understanding-an awareness of your own attitudes, opinions, leadership style, decision-making process, and your relationship with other people. Use their understanding of their strengths, weaknesses, and how others perceive them to improve their skills as managers.

Understanding others-A manager cannot treat everyone the same way. Each person has a different background, attitude, skills, and needs.

Communication- Managers must understand what information needs to be communicated and what methods to use. Must be skilled in written and oral communication skills but listening is the most important.

Team building – people need to feel part of the team. Team building gets people to believe in the goals of the company and work well together. Teams take responsibility for work and pride in the results. This will reduce the time a manager must spend on monitoring the team’s work.

Developing job satisfaction- Can be influenced by factors such as personal characteristics, needs of employees, who they work with, and the actual work itself.


MANAGEMENT VIEWPOINTS ABOUT EMPLOYEES

Employees need to be closely managed*Used by managers for employees who are lazy and work only to get the

paycheck.

* Managers will likely use rewards and penalties regularly to try to influence worker performance.

*Managers make all important decisions.

Employees perform well with limited management Managers assume that employees like responsibility and their work and will take the

initiative to solve problems Managers will ask employees for their input and allow the employees a great deal of

control over their own work and do not apply immediate punishment or rewards. Managers spend more time on management activities rather than employee

supervision.

A flexible viewpoint Flexibility in manager’s viewpoints toward employees permits flexibility in their

treatment. A combination of both limited and open supervision


LEADERSHIP STYLE- general way a manager treats and supervises employees.

Autocratic leadership- one who gives direct, clear, and precise orders with detailed instructions as to what, when, and how work is to be completed. Employees do no make decisions; manager assumes they don’t

want to or can’t make decisions. When questions arise, they ask the manager; Used for efficiency Major disadvantage is that it discourages workers from thinking

about better ways of doing their work. No problem solving experience. Employees become bored!

Used in emergencies to get a huge order out; new or temporary employees

LEADERSHIP STYLE cont.

Democratic leadership- one who encourages workers to share in making decisions about their work and work related problems. Managers communicate openly with employees regarding

problems and solutions Manager still makes decisions but only after discussing with

employees Manager provides assistance or encouragement Major advantage is that it encourages employees to participate in

planning work, solving work problems, and making decisions. Disadvantage is employees don’t like to participate in decision

making; manager must ask employees for their input on important decisions not unimportant ones.


LEADERSHIP STYLE cont.

Open leadership- one who gives little or no direction to employees. Works best with experienced workers where few changes take

place in business. Employees understand the work that needs to be done, but

methods, details, and decisions are left to individual employees or teams.

Situational Leadership- one who understands employees and job requirements and matches his or her actions and decisions to the circumstances. Teams of experienced workers ---OPEN leadership Teams of inexperienced workers—AUTOCRATIC leadership



HANDLING EMPLOYEE PROBLEMS Personal problems

Manager must be understanding to situations. (sick child, transportation problem)

DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SOLVE PROBLEMS…provide assistance!!!!! Make employees aware of services provided within company or outside. Confidentiality and accommodations must be made.

Work rules- regulations created to maintain an effective working

environment. Ex: hours of work, care of equipment, worker safety, relationships among

employees and with managers. Company rules are for all but there are exceptions (different departments) Union enforced rules Oral warnings, written warnings, short suspension, then YOU”RE OUT!

Enforcing work rules Hot stove principle

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES © SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING THE MANAGER AS LEADER nDefine the concept...

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