Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management...
Transcript of Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management...
A Study of Innovative Marketing Practices In Retail Marketing Sector withSpecial Reference to Big Bazaars in Maharashtra State. 2015
Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management and AdministrationStructure. Page 145
Chapter No. 04:
Big Bazar: Organization, Management
and Administration Structure.
Introduction.
Future Group.
Big Bazaar.
Area of Operation.
Pantaloon Retail (Future Group).
Essential Features of Organization Management.
Issues Related to Mall Management in the Big Bazaar.
Business Description.
Functional Departments of Big Bazar.
Customer Service Desk (CSD).
Administration of Big.
BIG Reasons of Big Bazaar’s Success.
Globalization and Big Bazaar.
Future Growth and Prospects.
Future Plans.
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Introduction:
Organized retailing will lead to affect the traditional
unorganized retailers. Furthermore the comparative analysis
regarding the acceptability of mall concept and the impact of
shopping malls on the general living standards of the society is
being considered. There is an increased customer shopping
patterns which has led to emergency of Big Bazar chains in metros,
mini metros and towns now becoming the next target.1 There is a
drastic change in the customer’s tastes and preferences leading to
radical transformation in their life style and the spending pattern
there by giving rise to new business opportunities. This generic
growth, driven by changing life style and strong increment in
income is to be supported by the favorable demographic patterns.
The development of Big Bazar in India is adding a new dimension
to this booming retail sector. The groups of visionary corporate
working constantly to improve upon urban shopping experience
through the shopping malls concept is the latest move in the retail
sector.
Pantaloon Retail (India) Limited is India's leading retailer
that operates multiple retail formats in both the value and the
lifestyle segment of the Indian consumer marker. Headquartered
in Bangalore, the company operates in over 5 million square feet of
retail space, has over 450 stores across 40 cities in India and
employs over 18,000 people.2 The company's leading formats
include Pantaloons, a chain of fashion outlets, Big Bazaar, a
uniquely Indian hypermarket chain, Food Bazaar, a supermarket
chain, blends the look, touch and feel of Indian bazaars with
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aspects of modern retail like choice, convenience and quality and
Central, a chain of seamless destination malls. Some of its other
formats include Depot, Shoe Factory, Brand Factory, Blue Sky and
Fashion Station. The company also operates an online portal,
futurebazaar.com. As customers’ tastes and preferences are
changing, the market scenario is also changing from time to time.
It is the changing tastes and preferences of customers that have
bought in a change in the market. The income level of people has
changed. New-generation people are no more dependent on haat
market and far-off departmental stores. Today, we can see a new
era in the market with the opening up of many departmental
stores, hyper markets, Shoppers’ stop, malls, branded retail outlets
and specialty stores.
Future Group:
Pantaloon Retail is the flagship enterprise of the Future
Group, which is positioned to cater to the entire Indian
consumption space. The Future Group operates through six
verticals: Future Retail (encompassing all retail businesses),
Future Capital (financial products and services), and Future
Brands (management of all brands owned or managed by group
companies), Future Space (management of retail real estate),
Future Logistics (management of supply chain and distribution)
and Future Media (development and management of retail media).
Future Capital Holdings, the group's financial arm, focuses on
asset management and consumer finance. It manages two real
estate investment funds and consumer-related private equity fund,
Indecision. It also plans to get into insurance, consumer credit and
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other consumer-related financial products and services in the near
future. Future Group's vision is to, "Deliver Everything,
Everywhere, Every time to Every Indian Consumer in the most
profitable manner."3
Big Bazaar:
Big Bazaar is a name renowned in retail. It is now a brand
image in private retail sector. Wal-Mart is the retail stores of USA
and is known all over the world for its fashionable and affordable
materials and is known as one of the best in its field, Big bazaar can
be said as the Wal-Mart of India running a chain of more than 100
retail stores in India. People around the country thinks that Big
bazaar is inspired from Wal-Mart and it is quite obvious to think as
Wal-Mart is world leading chain of retail shopping but actually the
idea of Big bazaar came to the Kishore Biyani from a 25 years old
store “Saravana” which was owned by a family and worked on the
philosophy of low margin high turnover. Following its slogan of
“isse sasta or achha kahin nahi” it provides the consumer with the
best of the materials at a rate less than rest of the market. Big
bazaar is the subsidiary of Future Group, Pantaloons Retail India
ltd. Future group is has various brands like Pantaloons, F123,
Copper Chimney, Etam, Staples, One Mobile, Urbana, Brand
Factory, LootMart, HomeTown and Central. Big bazaar covers all
parts of India including the metro cities Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai,
and Mumbai. Big bazaar started with its first store in Kolkata, west
Bengal in 2001 and now owns more than 100 stores all over India
making itself the fastest growing retail chain in India and leaving
all its competitors behind.4
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Table No. 4.01:
Ownership Pattern of Big Bazaar:
Sr. Post Name Name of the Person
1 Managing Director Kishore Biyani
2 Director Gopikishan Biyani
3 Whole-time Director Rakesh Biyani
4 Chairman Shailesh Haribhakti
5 Director S Doreswamy
6 Director Darlie Koshy
7 Director Anil Harish
8 Director Bala Deshpande
9 Director Vijay Kumar Chopra
10 Company Secretary Deepak Tanna
Area of Operation:
At present Big Bazaar stores are operating only in India. It is
the biggest and the fastest growing chain of departmental stores
and presently has 214 stores all over India; out of these 109 are Big
Bazars. Big Bazaar stores in Metros have a gaming area and kids
play area for entertainment. Major cities where Big Bazaar stores
are located are:
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Table No. 4.02:
List of Big Bazaar in India:
Sr. Store Name City
1 Hyderabad-Abids-Maheshwari Hyderabad
2 Kolkata-V.I.P. Road Kolkata
3 Bangalore-Koramangala Bangalore
4 Mumbai-Lp-Phoenix Mumbai
5 Mumbai-Mulund-Runwal Arcade Mumbai
6 Gurgaon-Sahara Mall Gurgaon
7 Nagpur-Land Mark Nagpur
8 Ahmedabad-Rudrapoint Ahmedabad
9 Bhubaneshwar-Forum Bhubaneshwar
10 Nasik-The Zone Nasik
11 Ahmedabad-Kankaria Ahmedabad
12 Ghaziabad-Edm-Kaushambi Ghaziabad
13 Kolkata-Hiland Park-The Metropolis Kolkata
14 Thane-Lake City Mall Mumbai
15 Durgapur-City Centre Durgapur
16 Mumbai-Kandivli-Growel 101 Mumbai
17 Bangalore-Banshankari-Kathriguppa Bangalore
18 Sangli-New Pride Sangli
19 Vishakhapatnam-Dwarakanagar Vizag
20 New Delhi-Wazirpur NCR
21 New Delhi-Inderlok-Parsvnath Metro. NCR
22 Indore-Treasure Island Indore
23 Lucknow-Sahara Mall Lucknow
24 New Mumbai-Vashi-Raghuleela Mall Mumbai
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25 Pune-Fun N Stop Pune
26 Chennai-Anand Ram Developer Chennai
27 Trivandrum-M.G.Road Trivandrum
28 Allahabad-Civil Line Allahabad
29 Rajkot-Kalawad Road Rajkot
30 Bangalore-Shantinagar Bangalore
31 Pune-Pimpri-Premier Plaza Pune
32 Hyderabad-Ameerpet Hyderabad
33 Jaipur-MGF Jaipur
34 Bangalore-Ksrtc-Mysore Road Bus Stn Bangalore
35 Mangalore-Bejai Kavoor Road Mangalore
36 Kanpur-Anchor Store Kanpur
37 Ahmedabad-Himaliya Mall Ahmedabad
38 Thrissur-Opp Ashwini Hospit Thrissur
39 Bangalore-Old Madras Road Bangalore
40 Ambala-Rai Market-Minerva Complex Ambala
41 Kolkata-Jadavpur-Orbit Mall Kolkata
42 Nagpur-Wardhman-Poonam's City Pulse Nagpur
43 Meerut-Melange The Mall Meerut
44 Agra-Fatehbad Road-Pacific Taj Agra
45 Palakkad- City Centre Palakkad
46 Pune-Sinhgad Road-Parvati Pune
47 Haldia-Akash Ganga Mall Haldia
48 Noida-Great India Place Noida
49
Mumbai-Mumbai Central-Orchid City
Center. Mumbai
50 Pune-Bibiwadi-Mahavir Park Pune
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51 Hyderabad-Chikkad Pali Hyderabad
52 Bangalore-Hebbal-Maruthi Ar Bangalore
53 Surat-Kamdhenu Corp Surat
54 Bangalore-Gateway Jayanagar Bangalore
55 Mumbai-Santacruz-Milan Mall Mumbai
56 Coimbatore-Oppannakara-Stre Coimbatore
57 Panipat-Mittal's Mega Mall Panipat
58 Salkia Kolkata
59 Burdhwan-Jelkhana More Burdwan
60 Kolhapur-Shivaji Udyamnagar Kolhapur
61 Bhubaneshwar-Patia-Maruti Mall Bhubaneshwar
62 Raipur-City Mall Raipur
63 Gujarat-Anand-Vidyanagar Road Anand
64 Aurangabad-Jalna Road-M-Square Aurangabad
65 Thane-Bhayander-Maxus Mall Mumbai
66 Hubli-Gokul Road-Akshay Centre Hubli
67 Thane-Kalyan-Netivali Village Mumbai
68 Pune-Kalyani Nagar-Yerwada Pune
69 Howrah-Belilious Road Kolkata
70 Vijayawada-Gopal Reddy Road Vijayawada
71 Belgaum-Tilak Wadi Belgaum
72 Kharagpur-Puja Complex Kharagpur
73 Udupi-T.M.A. Pai Hospital Udupi
74 Kolkata-Beliaghata Kolkata
75 Darjeeling-Rink Mall Darjeeling
76 Alwar-Jayanti Mall Alwar
77 Gwalior-Mlb Road-Dindayal City Mall Gwalior
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78 Meerut-Pvs Meerut
79 Gurgaon-Ambi Mall Gurgaon
80 Hyderabad-Lb Nagar Cross Roads Hyderabad
81 Cuttack-Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose A Cuttack
82 Dhanbad-Sriram Mall Dhanbad
83 Guwahati-City Square Guwahati
84 Ranchi-J C Tower Ranchi
85 New Delhi-Vasant Kunj-Vasant Square. NCR
86 New Delhi-Shahdara-Hyper Mall NCR
87 Siliguri-Cosmos Mall Siliguri
88 Bangalore-K R Puram Hobli Bangalore
89 Pune-Kothrud-City Pride Multiplex Pune
90 Ahmednagar-Manmad Highway Ahmednagar
91 Jaipur-City Square Mall-Tonk Road Jaipur
92 Zeerakhpur Chandigarh
93 Kolkata-Lic Bldg-J.L Nehru Road Kolkata
94 Trivandrum-Old Kalpana Theatre Trivandrum
95 Chennai-Pondy Bazaar-Thyagaraja Road Chennai
96 Ludhiana- G.T. Road West Ludhiana
97 Bharuch-Shalimar Talkies Bharuch
98 Baroda-Sevenseas Mall Baroda
99 Mysore-Chamarajpuram Mysore
100 Surat-Ring Road-Crossway Surat
101 Lucknow-Riverside Mall Lucknow
102 Agra-Ratan Mall-Professsor's Colony Agra
103 Hyderabad-Tarnaka Hyderabad
104 Ghaziabad-Aditya Mall Ghaziabad
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105 Mumbai-Ghatkopar Mumbai
106 Nashik-Deolali-Urban Space Nasik
107 New Delhi-Rajouri Garden NCR
108 Tinsukia-Rungagora Road Tinsukia
109 Mumbai-Andheri(W) Mumbai
Source: http://www.futuregenerali.in
Pantaloon Retail (Future Group):
Pantaloon Retail is one of India’s leading retail companies. It
generated a consolidated sales turnover of Rs. 97.87 billion in
2009-10 from 13.25 million square feet of operational store space.
In 2007, the company was awarded the International Retailer of
the Year award by the National Retail Federation of the US, the
world’s largest retail trade association. What is today Pantaloon
Retail was incorporated in 1987 as Manz Wear Private Ltd. Manz
was initially in the garment manufacturing business and made
readymade trousers under the brand name ‘Pantaloon’. The
founder of the company, Kishore Biyani, wanted to position the
company as a fashion house and in order to expand the size and
reach of the business created a pan India network of franchise
stores under the brand of ‘Pantaloon Shoppe’ in 1991.5 The
company then decided to make the Pantaloon Shoppes a one-stop
point for all the apparel needs of men. The company created
different brands for different products and essentially the
Pantaloon Shoppes sold private labels under a franchise model.
The guiding principle of the Pantaloon business was to provide
ordinary people with what only the rich could afford. The products
were priced for lower and middle price customers, and the
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positioning was on a ‘value for money’ plank. To attract more
customers, Pantaloon invested heavily in advertising, and tried out
innovations like the first denim exchange programme in India.
However, growth slowed down as the franchise model faltered due
to the absence of a standardized model, clear agreements, and
control by the company.
In the meantime, organized modern retail trade was
beginning to make its presence in India. Driven by a belief that a
new phase of consumption driven growth was around the corner,
in 1996, Pantaloon decided to set up its own large format retail
stores. The first such store, a 10,000 square feet Mega Store was
set up in Kolkata in August 1997. These mega stores were
positioned as family stores meeting the apparel needs of the entire
family, again on a value for money plank. These stores primarily
sold the private label brands owned by the company. The company
believed that by having its own brands, the company could spot
emerging trends early, and offer products to meet these trends
before other retailers. By the end of 1999, there were 13 Pantaloons
mega stores across India. Over time, the Pantaloon brand has
shifted its focus to the young, upwardly mobile, aspiration
customer, and seeks to provide fast fashion.
The company was the pioneer of the hypermarket concept in
India with the launch of Big Bazaar in Kolakata in September 2001.
The Big Bazaar model was a hypermarket concept created for India
rather than a blind imitation of hypermarkets in the west. It was
designed to combine the look and feel of an Indian bazaar with the
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convenience of organized retail shopping. Some of the distinctive
features of the initial Big Bazaar model were:
1. location in crowded areas well-connected by public
transportation rather than suburbs;
2. an effort to retain the chaos and feel of a bazaar;
3. sourcing through consolidators identified for different product
categories;
4. concerted efforts to bring in customers who were apprehensive
of shopping at modern retail outlets;
5. sale of products in a way that is aligned to the buying habits of
the Indian housewife such as the opportunity to get grain
freshly ground, or inspect staples and grains before purchase;
6. customization to local market needs.
In August 2002, the company launched Food Bazaar within
Big Bazaar stores to sell vegetables and fruits. By 2006–07, Big
Bazaar had opened 50 stores across India. To keep pace with the
rapid expansion, the company shifted attention from the front end
of the store to managing the back end. Big Bazaar has an extensive
network of small and medium companies from whom it sources
products. This is based on a belief that in India, small enterprises
have distinctive cost advantages. To enable its small partners to
keep pace with its growth, the company raised a private equity
fund called Indivision to support its partners’ growth initiatives.
The company also believes that indigenous supply chains though
lacking the sophistication of the supply chains in developed
markets have the potential to meet the needs of Indian business at
low cost. In 2005, the company became the first retailer in India to
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use RFID tags to track inventories in its warehouses. The following
year, the company implemented SAP, an enterprise resource
planning system, across the company. In an effort to respond to
changing customer needs for excitement, the company created
another retail format, a destination mall, under the brand name
‘Central’ in 2004.6 Central seeks to offer a seamless shopping and
entertainment experience, and is largely located in big cities with a
sizeable population of youth with money to spare. Unlike the
Pantaloon stores, the Central Malls have a sizeable presence of
other big brands including multinational brands.
In subsequent years, the company has experimented with
two dozen different formats across ten lines of business and two
distinct positioning – the value segment, and the lifestyle segment.
These include food, fashion, furniture, consumer electronics, and
restaurants. Prominent retail brands are E-zone, Home Town and
Depot. In the process, Pantaloon believes that the group is able to
address 70 per cent of a consumer’s shopping needs. Pantaloon has
been successful in building several private label brands across the
company. Pantaloon has also lent its experience to non-traditional
retail formats e.g. it has taken a controlling stake in Mother Earth,
a craft and artisan-based retail chain being set up in large cities.
The company has forged a deep professional relationship with
Idiom, a Bangalore-based design firm. Idiom has about 180
designers and has become a think tank and incubator for the
company.
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The company’s distinctiveness comes from its emphasis on
identifying consumer trends, getting insights into consumer
behavior and applying these insights to effectively address the
mass, value conscious market. For instance, Big Bazaar set up a
diversity tracking cell to study local customs and consumption
habits. Kishore Biyani himself is known to spend several hours of
his time observing people’s behavior in diverse settings in an effort
to get customer insights. Employees across the company are
encouraged to come up with new ideas and formats to meet the
customer needs, and the company is willing to experiment with
several of these. Prototyping is used extensively to test out
concepts. In sum, exploration and experimentation is centered on
business models and store formats, and technology is used to
execute the business models. Once a business model is established,
the learning is exploited, but even at this stage, there is leeway for
adaptation to local needs and cultures. Addressing the mass
market is a stated theme of the innovation process, and
considerable effort is expended on understanding the
demographics and changing customer trends of the new middle
class so as to be able to evolve value-based business models. The
company sources important technologies such as ERP and
analytics processes from outside but external involvement in the
core innovation process appears to be limited. External
involvement is strong in store design, but the design firm that
undertakes this activity, Idiom, is almost an extension of the
company itself. The company is open to suggestions and ideas from
external consultants and its own employees but believes in
rigorous testing of all new ideas.
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Chart No. 4.01:
Corporate structure of Pantaloon Retail India:
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Chart No. 4.01:
Corporate structure of Pantaloon Retail India:
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Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management and AdministrationStructure. Page 159
Chart No. 4.01:
Corporate structure of Pantaloon Retail India:
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Table No. 4.03:
Major Milestones of Big Bazar:
Sr. Year Activities.
1 1987 Company incorporated as Manz Wear Private Limited.
Launch of Pantaloons trouser, India’s first
formal trouser brand.
2 1991 Launch of BARE, the Indian jeans brand.
3 1992 Initial public offer (IPO) was made in the month of
May.
4 1994 The Pantaloon Shoppe - exclusive menswear store in
franchisee format launched across the nation. The
company starts the distribution of branded garments
through multi-brand retail outlets across the nation.
5 1995 John Miller - Formal shirt brand launched.
6 1997 Company enters modern retail with the launch of the
first 8,000 square feet store, Pantaloons in Kolkata.
7 2001 Three Big Bazaar stores launched within a span of 22
days in Kolkata, Bangalore and Hyderabad.
8 2002 Food Bazaar, the supermarket chain is launched.
9 2004 Central – India’s first seamless mall is launched
in Bangalore.
10 2005 Group moves beyond retail, acquires stakes in Galaxy,
Entertainment, Indus League Clothing and Planet
Retail. Sets up India’s first real estate investment fund
Kshitij to build a chain of shopping malls.
11 2006 Future Capital Holdings, the company’s financial is
formed to manage over $1.5 billion in real estate,
private equity and retail infrastructure funds. Plans
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forays into retailing of consumer finance products.
Home Town, a home building and improvement
products retail chain is launched along with consumer
durables format, E -zone and furniture chain,
Furniture Bazaar. Future Group enters into joint
venture agreements to launch insurance products
with Italian insurance major, Generali. Forms
joint ventures with US office stationery retailer,
Staples.
12 2007 Future Group crosses $1 billion turnover mark.
Specialized companies in retail media, logistics, IPR
and brand development and retail-led
technology services become operational. Pantaloon
Retail wins the International Retailer of the Year at
US-based National Retail Federation convention in
New York and Emerging Retailer of the Year award at
the World Retail Congress held in Barcelona. Future
bazaar.com becomes India’s most popular shopping
portal.
13 2008 Future Capital Holdings becomes the second group
company to make a successful Initial Public
Offering in the Indian capital markets. Big Bazaar
crosses the 100-store mark, marking one of the fastest
ever expansion of a hypermarket format anywhere in
the world. Total operational retail space crosses 10
million square feet mark. Future Group acquires rural
retail chain, Aadhar present in 65 rural locations
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Essential Features of Organization Management:7
1. Planning: Prepare an effective business plan. It is essential to
decide on the future course of action to avoid confusions later
on. Plan out how you intend to do things.
2. Organizing: Organizing refers to the judicious use of
resources to achieve the best out of the employees. Prepare a
monthly budget for smooth cash flow.
3. Staffing: Poor organization management leads to unhappy
employees who eventually create problems for themselves as
well as the organization. Recruit the right talent for the
organization.
4. Leading: The managers or superiors must set clear targets for
the team members. A leader must make sure his team
members work in unison towards a common objective. He is
the one who decides what would be right in a particular
situation.
5. Control: The superiors must be aware of what is happening
around them. Hierarchies should be well defined for an
effective management. The reporting bosses must review the
performance and progress of their subordinates and guide
them whenever required.
6. Time Management: An effective time management helps the
employees to do the right thing at the right time. Managing
time effectively always pays in the long run.
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7. Motivation: Motivation goes a long way in binding the
employees together. Appreciating the employees for their good
work or lucrative incentive schemes go a long way in
motivating the employees and make them work for a longer
span of time.
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Chart No.4.02 :
Organization Structure of Big Bazaar:
Store Manager
Assistant Store Manager.
DepartmentManager
Customerservice desk
H.R.Executive
VisualMerchandising
Administration MarketingExecutive
CashDepartment
Assistant D.M.
Team Leader
Team Member
Maintenance Security
House Keeping Assistant H.R.
Cashier
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Issues Related to Mall Management in the Big Bazaar:
Lack of Market Research: In the past, some malls were
constructed without carrying out a rigorous due diligence
exercise on their feasibility. The market scene is gradually
changing wherein more and more developers are approaching
property consultancy firms to conduct feasibility and
positioning studies for their projects.
Zoning: Landlords tend to lease out retail space on a first-
come-first-served basis. This creates a sub-optimal tenant mix
like a food and beverage outlet next to a designer apparel shop
instead of an accessories or a footwear shop. Design Issues –
At present, most of the popular malls have long queues and
congestion outside their main entry points during weekends
and festive seasons. Having only one entry and exit points also
leads to overcrowding. Similarly, the visibility of retail units
from all vantage points is poor in many malls.
Promotional Activities: There are very few promotional
activities organised in the majority of malls at present.
Developers perceive that these events only help increase foot
traffic and not revenues.
Facility Management: Good infrastructure facility
management of common areas becomes a problem in malls
where retail outlets are sold as strata title.
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Parking: Many malls in Maharashtra do not have adequate
parking. Since most malls are being built in the city,
developers typically provide basement parking facilities.
However, these parking spaces are inefficient due to low
ceiling heights, bad lighting and single entry and exit points.
Table No. 4.04:
Different Products Dealt In Big Bazaar:
Sr. Segment Specifications.
1 Depot General books, Office stationary, Children
stationary, Film VCD’s & DVD.
2 New
Business
Development
Watches, Fashion Jewellery, Sunglasses,
Auto accessories, Car audio systems
3 Gold Bazaar: Navras Gold Jewellery (This is a separate
unit not related25000 of different
companies. to Big Bazaar they share profits
on percentage basis)
4 Mobile
Bazaar:
All kinds of mobile handsets ranging from
Rs 1000 to Rs 25000 of different
companies, All mobile accessories, All major
prepaid SIM cards, All post paid
connections, Cordless phones & landline
phones.
5 Sitara: Cosmetics, Fragrances, Herbals,
Pharmaceuticals.
6 Shringar: Bangles, Jewellery sets, Bracelets, Hair
Accessories, Bindies, Chins
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7 Plastics Buckets, Casseroles, Containers, Boxes,
Flasks, Bowls, Jugs & sippers, Bottles &
Mugs
8 Utensils: Plates, Bowls, Glasses, Non stick,
Cookware’s, Kitchen Tools, Tiffin Boxes
9 Crockery: Crockery cutlery, Trolleys, Dinner sets,
Wine, Juice Glasses
10 Luggage: Travel bags, Trolleys, School & College Bags,
Ladies purse & bags, Suitcase
Table No. 4.05:
Segmentation of Apparels Department:
Sr. Segments Specifications.
1 Ladies Wear: Sarees, Dress Materials, Under garments,
Nightwear, Western wear’s.
2 Men’s Wear: Formal Shirts & Pants, Casual Shirts, &
Pants, Party Wears, Fabrics, Other
Accessories, Suits & Blazers, Levi’s
Signature Garments, Ties, Jeans, Pants,
Belts, Handkerchiefs
3 Infants
Section:
Shirts, Baniyans, Jhabas, Vests, Bibs,
feedings, Bed items, Baba suits, Frocks,
Diapers, Pampers, Other baby accessories
4 Boy’s Section: T-shirts, trousers, jeans, Cotton shirts,
Codraw pants, Ethnic wears, Co-
ordinates, Rain coats.
5 Girls Section: Cotton Frocks, Ethnic wears, Co-ordinates,
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Western wears, Sweaters.
6 Toys
Department:
Soft Toys, Board games, Dolls, Educational
toys, Remote Cars , bikes, Sports items,
Cricket bats, balls, badminton & tennis
rackets, hockey batset, Cycles, Carrom
Board.
7 Footwear
Department:
Sports shoes, Casual shoes, Formal shoes,
Men’s sandals, Ladies sandals, Ladies
casuals, Ladies Fancy slippers, Children
shoes, Children sandals.
8 Furniture
Bazaar:
Dining Table, Bedroom Accessories, Hall
Accessories (Sofa sets, Chairs, Tables etc)
Mattresses, Computer Table, Dressing
Table, Wardrobe, Almirah etc.
9 Home Linen
Department:
Bed sheets, Bed spreads, Pillows, Pillow
covers Blanket etc. Towels, napkins,
Yellow duster, Curtains, Mats, Table mats,
mosquitonets, Carpets, Cushion covers,
Razai, Shopping bags, Fridge covers,
Washing machine covers, woven covers,
T.V covers, Saree covers, C.D Pouch, Shoe
Covers etc.
10 Home Decor: Flower Vase, Artificial Flowers, Candle
stand, Umbrellas, Photo Frames, Frame &
Wall Paintings, Assorted Color Stones,
Water Falls (artificial) ,Birthday items.
11 Beverages: Soft drinks, Mineral water, Health drinks,
Fruit Juices, Frozen items.
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12 Staples Dept: Dals, Rice, Wheat, Ragi etc, Atta, Rava
items, Sugar, Salt etc. Cooking Oils,
Masala items, Dry fruits, Ready to cook
foods & mixes, Spices, Breakfast Cereals.
13 Fruits &
Vegetables:
All kinds of fruits and vegetables at the
lowest prices.
14 Process Dept: Health drinks, Ready to eat, Corn flakes,
Chips, Soups, Bread items, Pickle, Instant
mixes, Spreads
15 Confectionarie
s:
All kinds of Chocolates and Cakes and
other sweets.
16 Home Care: Phenyl, Detergents, Washing powder, Dish
wash, Tissue papers, Scratch, Shoe cases,
Fresh wrap.
17 Electronic
Bazaar
Televisions, DVD Players, Home Theatre
Systems, Audio Systems, Refrigerators,
Washing Machines, Microwave Owen,
Mixers, Irons & Grinders, Computers,
Laptops, Printers & Computer accessories,
Juicers etc.
Business Description:
Pantaloon Retail (India) Ltd. The company’s principal
activity is to operate chain retail stores in names of Big Bazaar,
Food Bazaar, Central and Pantaloons. The Big Bazaar is the
discount store, which offers a wide range of products under one
roof. The products include apparels and non-apparels such as
utensils, sports goods and footwear. The company also has its
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presence into gold retailing by launching Gold Bazaar. The
company’s Food Bazaar provides a range of food and grocery
products ranging from fresh fruits and vegetables, staples, FMCG
products and ready to cook products. The central offers a chain
of stores including books and music stores, global brands in
fashion, sports and lifestyle accessories, grocery store and
restaurants. The Pantaloon retail stores focus largely on apparels
and accessories.
Functional Departments of Big Bazar:
Departmental Managers:
There are 28 departments in this store like Electronic dept,
Depot dept, Mobile Bazaar, Star Sitara dept, Plastic, Utensils and
Crockery (PUC) Dept, Ladies Dept, Men’s Dept, Furniture Dept,
Footwear Dept, Home Decor Dept etc. Each department will be
assigned with targets which have to be achieved within the
assigned period that may be of daily, weekly, monthly and yearly.
Each department has a Department Manager (DM) and Assist
DM. Their job is concerned mainly with sales. They look after
customer’s orders delivery, post sale service if any etc. All Dept
managers, ADM, team members work under coordination and
cooperation.
Human Resource Department:
The HR department of Big Bazaar is very dynamic.
Employees are the biggest strength and asset of any organization
and the HR dept realizes this very well. This is very evident from
the way the HR department handles all its employees. They take
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utmost care to select, train, motivate and retain all the employees.
They have continuous developmental programs for all the
employees. There are two shifts for the employees. The first shift
employees arrive at 10am in the morning and leave at 7.30 in the
evening, while the second shift employees report at 11.30 in the
afternoon and leave at the time of Store closing (10pm).
Finance Department:
Finance is the life blood of any business. The Finance
department of Big Bazaar, performs a few basic functions, such
as preparing the Store’s Income and Expenditure Statement giving
full particulars of all items. It also prepares the budget for
expenditure at various levels on different items. This department is
also responsible for deciding and giving the weekly, monthly and
yearly sales targets and the margins for all the departments
separately. The Finance department is also responsible for
collecting and depositing the cash received in the company’s bank
account daily.
Marketing Department:
Marketing concept is a customer orientation backed by
integrated marketing aimed at generating customer satisfaction as
the key to satisfying organizational goals. For a firm in order to
implement the marketing concept it has to focus its attention on
the consumer, ascertain his/her needs, discuss and wants before.
Every Brand appeals to individual customers in different ways.
Good customer service is the life blood of any business. Good
customer service is all about attending to existing and potential
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customers. This maintaining good relationship with the customers
is the key to business success and hence the concept relationship
marketing. Traditionally, marketers have located their target
market segments, presented their offer, and made the sales.
It's always been a single step process.
Relationship marketing looks at customers and clients over a
longer term. It takes into account the lifetime value of a customer.
Many experts think it costs anywhere from six to ten times as
much, to find a new customer, than to sell to an existing one. With
those financial realities in mind, the approach makes some sense,
and some real Rupees. Relationship marketing is based on the idea
that people prefer to do business with people who they know and
like. After all, it's easier to buy from a friend, than from someone
you've never heard of before. It's a matter of building trust. It's said
that people need to hear an offer at least seven times before they
buy. That concept certainly works against the single step marketing
method. The Marketing department is responsible for marketing
of Big Bazaar’s products through different media like TV, radio,
newspapers, banners, placards etc. The marketing department has
to decide and identify the most effective medium to attract the
customers to Big Bazaar thereby increasing the sales.
The department has to design creative and attractive
advertisements through which the company’s products can be
promoted to the customers. The company has to visit different
companies and has to enter in tie-ups for all its advertisement
campaign. The marketing department also consists of another
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separate department which is known as Visual Merchandising.
Visual merchandising is an art by which a retailer makes the store
talk to its customers. The colors, signage, lights, look and feel,
everything is taken into account. It is very important to figure out
what is the story, the picture, the idea that is being sold to the
customers.
Another concept that was incorporated in Big Bazaar from
the beginning was that of category management as opposed to the
brand merchandising practice that is followed by many retailers.
Category management is based on the belief that a customer walks
into a store looking for party shirt or a formal trouser, rather than
a particular brand. Therefore the store is designed according to the
categories like men’s formal wear, women’s western wear or a
casual wear, etc. Within the organization too, teams were divided
according to the categories that they managed, rather than the
brands. Big Bazaar wanted to have a complete bouquet of products
in each category at different price-points, design, fabric, size and
color. The objective was to create traffic drivers within the Store
rather than make brands compete with each other. Focusing on
categories also helped to achieve a level of perfection within the
specific segments. This department is responsible for the attractive
product arrangement in the store with respect to their nature. The
basic function of this department is it divides the store into some
departments based on the nature of the product and also within
the department it decides how the products should be arranged
keeping in mind the customers taste. It also arranges the
products to attract the customers and also ensure easy availability
of products.
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Sales Department:
This department is responsible for the collection of sales
amount i.e., cash sales. There are in all 25 cash counters in the
Store. There is a Head Cashier to whom all the cahiers report and
submit the total sales amount collected throughout the day by the
cashiers. In addition to cash all leading credit and debit cards are
accepted at no extra charge. Also Big Bazaar vouchers and Sodexho
coupons are also accepted. A cashier at the time of opening his
billing counter will be given an opening balance. The cashier has to
ensure that all the offers applicable on respective products are
given to the customer in his/ her bill. Also if any free items are
given on some purchases, it should be informed to the customer
clearly. After the billing is done, the cashier has to pack the
products neatly in a plastic cover according to the customer’s
needs. At the time of closing the billing counter, the cashier has to
give a statement of cash, with all particulars of different
denominations of cash, amount collected through credit cards,
amount collected in debit cards, amount collected in Sodexho
coupons & Big Bazaar vouchers and also amount collected through
Credit Notes.
Every Wednesday fabulous offers and great discounts are
given on most of the products. Customers arrive in large numbers
as they realize that it is on Wednesday that products are offered at
the lowest prices. On Saturday and Sunday also the customer
turnout is high, as it is on the weekends that most of the customers
find time for shopping. They arrive along with their family to enjoy
the shopping experience. Good discounts and offers are also
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provided to attract more number of customers. Retailing is not just
about selling products, it is about selling an idea. Why do people in
shop when they are bored or depressed? It is not just because they
have the money to buy, but because they want to go through an
experience. It is very crucial in retailing to make customer’s relate
to every product that is being sold, as well as the store’s
environment.
Customer Service Desk (CSD):
As the name suggests this is the separate dept which mainly
focuses on customer service like if a customer finds difficulty in
finding any product, if there are any customer complaints, they are
also looked into, any customer assistance etc. is also provided.
There is also an exchange counter where if a customer
is dissatisfied or wants to exchange the product he/ she has
purchased for any reason , the customers can exchange them
within 7 days of their purchase. When a customer brings a
product for exchange, the product is first received and checked if it
is used or deliberately damaged or tampered with. If it is in an
acceptable condition, then the customer is issued a Credit Note for
that amount (product’s price). The customer can then purchase
any product for that amount or just take back the money by
encashing the credit note at a cash counter. If the customer buys a
product less than the amount in the credit note, the difference
amount will be returned to the customer and on the other hand if a
customer buys a product more than the amount in the credit note,
the customer will be asked to pay the difference amount. This
department is also responsible for announcing all the offers
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running in the store on different products throughout the day. This
dept also does gift wrapping for any product if the customer wants
it at free of cost. The dept also collects customers’ opinion /
feedback for continuous improvement in their service. The
ultimate aim of this department is to help and satisfy the customer
in every possible manner and makes the customers’ experience
memorable.
Training:
The retailing knowledge is developed in the employees
through training. The training period is usually of one month after
the selection. The employees are well trained in various fields
which gives the scope for job rotation. This prevents monotony and
boredom of job.
Performance Appraisal:
The organization’s compensation philosophy is “Pay for
performance, Promote for potential”. The employees who have
met or exceeded performance standards are awarded bonuses. Big
Bazaar employees also enjoy post retirement benefits including
provident fund and gratuity. The company also provides financial
assistance in all cases where the employees seek the company’s
financial support like in medical emergency for him/herself or
their families.
Awards and Rewards:
Every month award is given to the best employee of that
month. The best department is also awarded. A gift voucher of Rs.
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1000 is given to the best employee of the month. The employee’s
performance, sincerity, punctuality, etc. are the few criteria that
are considered for the “Best employee of the month” award.
Retention Strategy:
The organization strives to foster a feeling of well being in its
employees through care and respect. The company has several
structured processes including employee monitoring and grievance
management programs which are intended to facilitate a friendly
and cohesive organization culture. Offsite activities and various
competitions and matches are encouraged to improve inter
personal relationships.
Week off:
Every employee gets a holiday for one day in a week called
the “week off”. Employees are empowered to adjust their holiday
according to their convenience in the case of emergency or
according to their necessities.
Meetings:
Meetings for all the employees of the store are conducted
every Saturday morning and discussion are done on various
aspects of the organizational operations, employee problems,
customer problems, etc.
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Administration of Big Bazar:
The Store administration comes under the Store Manager. Its
functions are store maintenance, housekeeping, security etc. The
store maintenance is concerned with the proper running of the
store in co-ordination with all the departments. It also has to
ensure proper back-up power supply in times of power cuts. The
Housekeeping is concerned with keeping all the departments of the
Store clean and neat all the time. Covers and other wastes should
be properly cleaned and the floor is swept regularly to keep it
clean. The Security section is concerned with the security of the
entire store. Security department keeps a vigilant check on all the
people entering and departing at the various entry and exit points
in the store. They also maintain all the registers like employees
attendance register, stock register, visitor’s register etc. They check
all customers’ bill before letting them out of the store. They ensure
orderliness in the store and prevent shrinkage or pilferage of goods
to minimize the loss arising out of it. The housekeeping and
security are outside agencies employed by the store on a contract
basis to take care of the respective functions. The Administration
department also has a separate section known as Information
Technology. This department is responsible for the maintenance of
all the systems of the Store; all billing machines their functioning
networking with the master machine etc. If there is any problem
with the machine in any department in the store, then this
department comes into function. This dept integrates all the
systems in the store and properly maintains all of them.
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Chart No. 4.03:Work Flow Model of Big Bazaar:
Manufacturer
Carry Forward Agent
Head Office, Logistics, Mumbai
Branch Logistics, Big Bazaars.
(Aurangabad, Pune, Thane, Nashik, Nagpur)
Customers
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Table No. 4.06:
Achievements And Awards Received by Big Bazar:
Sr. Year Award Description
1 2005: Image Retail
Awards
PRIL – Most admired retailer of the
year Central – Retail launch of the
year.
2 2006: Image Retail
Awards
Mr. Kishore Biyani – Retail Face of
the year Big Bazaar – Best Value
Retail store Big Bazaar – Best Retail
Destination Food Bazaar – Best
Food and Grocery Store
3 2008: Indian Retail
Forum Awards
Future Group – Most Admired
Retail Company Of The Year
Kishore Biyani – Retail Face Of The
Year Big Bazaar – Best Retailer of
the Year (Hypermarket).
4 2008: The
INDIASTAR
Award
Food Bazaar – Best Packaging
Innovation.
5 2008: Retail Asia
Pacific 500 Top
Awards
Gold Winner – Top Retailer 2008
Asia Pacific.
6 2009: Coca – Cola
Golden Spoon
Awards
Most Admired Food and Grocery
Retailer Of The Year Most Admired
Food Court
Most Admired Food Professional.
7 2009: CNBC Awaaz
Consumer
Big Bazaar – Most Preferred Multi
Product Chain Big Bazaar – Most
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Awards Preferred Multi Brand Food and
Beverage Chain.
8 2010: Coco-Cola
Golden Spoon
Award-
Most Admired Retail Group of the
Year - Future Group Most Admired
Retailer in Food Category - Food
Bazaar Most Admired Retailer in
Hypermarket Category - Big Bazaar
9 2011: Brand Equity’s
Most Trusted
Brands
awards:
Most Trusted Retailer - Big Bazaar.
10 2011: CNBC AWAAZ
Consumer
Awards
Most Recommended Modern Retail
Brand of the Year in the Popular
Choice category-
Big Bazaar
11 2012: Golden Spoon
Awards
Most Admired Food and Grocery
Retailer of the Year for its Private
Labels in Big Bazaar – Future
Group Retail Professional of the
Year for innovation in Private
Brands- Mr. Devendra Chawla,
President – Food & FMCG Category
12 2012: ET Retail
Awards
FedEx Most Trusted Retailer of the
Year Award – Big Bazaar
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BIG Reasons of Big Bazaar’s Success:
Sometimes accused of being a Wal-Mart wannabe, Big
Bazaar is surely not a Desi copying an Angrez for sure. It has
received great success on its own steam and can be called our own
home grown “India’s Wal-mart”, even though the comparison is
out-of-place and unnecessary. How could Future Group’s Big
Bazaar achieve what many Angrez companies still dream to do…?
There are some very good reasons and learning lessons for all those
who aspire to earn from the buying potential of swelling middle
class of India.8
Big Bazaar has given freedom of choice to those who
did not have it in their life: Big Bazaar’s founder Kishore
Biyani has popularized the very logical categorization of India
in 3 divisions. India-1 is the Upper middle class, about 14 per
cent of the population that is the actual consuming class.
Serving to this India-1 is India-2, forming about 55 per cent of
the country’s population. These are drivers, peons, cleaners,
maid servants etc. etc. who have very meager salaries and live
a hand-to-mouth existence. The third part is the balance 31 per
cent of India-3, which is struggling for the existence. The
Kirana shops which sell goods, do not offer the choice,
ambience, service and of course the discounts Big Bazaar
offers to customers. You imagine going to your nearby friendly
grocer to buy toilet soap. He will ask you “Which one do you
want?”. If you know, you get what you want. But, if you want
to know how many new brands, types, sizes are there to choose
from, grocer will not be very happy to tell you or show you all
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this. Such situation is even worse for those from India-2. They
are not treated very well if asked such questions or trying to
get more information, trying to get a ‘choice’. Big Bazaar gave
them choice. A freedom to choose. It offers a very wide range
of goods required for daily needs. You can have a look, touch
and feel them, compare and then decide to buy. With the
plethora of FMCG items occupying the shelves of stores, such
choice is really convenient and facilitating the buyers. This
choice is one very important reason for Big Bazaar’s success.
Big Bazaar connects with the masses effectively: The
communication of brand Big Bazaar is sharply focused and to-
the-point. Big Bazaar talks in local language. Observe Big
Bazaar’s communication.
“Isse Sasta Aur Accha Kahin Nahin”
“Saal Ka Sabse Sasta Din”
“Hafte ka Sabse Sasta Din”
Sell your Bhangar at great rates”
“Purana Do Naya Lo… Badal Dalo”
Stall ke Bhaav Balcony
Chane ke Bhaav Kaju
Paise Jodo Kaam Aayenge
All this smart communication has worked wonders. Today
also, you observe any of the advertisements of Big Bazaar
competitors. Their tag lines are still in English. This English
attitude does not connect with Indians. Big Bazaar has
understood it clearly and others have not yet woken up to this
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simple fact, giving Big Bazaar a clear, distinctive position in
customer’s mind. Big Bazaar is perceived as a store which
knows India and Indians well. Its communication has been
successful in achieving this objective.
Big Bazaar has understood its target customer very
well: If you go to a super store in any mall, we may find some
very smart boys and girls greeting us. This may be good for
some, but people like me sometimes get frightened by these
fine and smart people, because they are so much better looking
than me. They speak so much better than me. They are dressed
much well than me. I get put off by all this and hence avoiding
such stores who have very smart people greeting me. At Big
Bazaar, the staff is helpful, but not overtly smart. You don’t get
frightened by their style. This is very practical. The customer
coming to Big Bazaar is of the middle class. If they are greeted
by people smarter than them, they feel uncomfortable. So, Big
Bazaar has ensured that customers are not made to feel small
by overbearing staff members. This is one very smart strategy
of Big Bazaar and it reflects its deep understanding of the
customer psyche.
Big Bazaar has understood changes reshaping India
very well: With increasing urbanization, more and more
people are migrating to cities from villages. In villages, there
are no big stores, but in nearby towns there are weekly ‘mandi’
e.g. Somwaari Bazaar, Budhwaaar Bazaar, Ravivaar Bazaar
etc. In such mandi set up, one gets to look, see, touch and feel
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all the ware that is for sale. This is what the village customers
are habituated to do. When they come to cities, they had to buy
from small kirana shops, where the goods were not displayed
freely. They had to ask for what they want and get away from
there. Big Bazaar recreates that mandi environment for them.
It gives them the same open display of all that is available, and
that too, in elegant, clean, air conditioned ambiance with
helpful staff to support the customer.. And I think, this is
profoundly important from a customer’s point of view. The
current demographic shifts happening in India are understood
very well by Big Bazaar and are implemented profitably. The
mythical 50 Crore Indian middle class is a part of many smart
projections of world leader retail giants willing to enter India.
But, Kishore Biyani and Big Bazaar have succeeded in getting
to the true understanding of Indian middle class. This a very
important learning lesson for all those who wish to succeed in
retail in India.
Globalization and Big Bazaar:
Globalization has brought in fundamental changes in the
Indian market. Globalization had both advantages and
disadvantages on the Indian companies. With the arrival of
multinationals in India, Indian companies had to compete with
foreign companies on all fronts such as technological, managerial,
quality of service, price, etc.9 This made the companies very
competitive and increased their quality. On the other hand,
globalization also took many Indian industries by surprise and
demolished many small scale industries in India. The following are
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some of the changes brought in by globalization in Big Bazaar.
Changing Demography: Globalization changed the
demography of Indian consumers. It created a large number of
middleclass with great purchasing power. This new group of
consumers was demanding and educated. Also, they were
aware of the value of money they are spending on each item.
Big Bazaar understood this new demography very well and
utilized it to its advantage.10 The main target market for Big
Bazaar is this new middle class created largely as a result of
globalization. Big Bazaar supplied quality goods for cheap
prices to its demanding customers.
Urbanized Consumers: The retail sector in India was
unorganized till recently. As more and more markets in India
opened to foreign competition, the Indian consumers were
mainly urbanized and the business concentrated on urbanized
centers. When the village consumers didn’t had the purchasing
power to buy items from supermarkets, the urban population
was rich and ready to spend much on items from
supermarkets. This proved a boon for Big Bazaar as they
already had a consumer base in urban centers. Now, Big
Bazaar has its branches in almost all the cities and towns in
India.
High Income Levels: The globalization process many
changes in the Indian market, as a result effectiveness,
efficiency, and productivity increased among the Indian
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companies. This created more jobs and which in turn created
more wealth for the people. As a result of increased income,
Indian consumers were willing to spend more on purchases.
This paved the way for several investors to invest in
supermarkets such as Big Bazaar.
Technology Changes: One of the major results of globalization
was the changes in the technological front. As Indian
companies needed to compete with their foreign counterparts,
they adopted latest technology. Big Bazaar uses latest product
tracking systems, hi-tech inventory, computerized billing,
CCTV, etc
Future Growth and Prospects:
Big Bazaar is currently country’s the biggest and the fastest
growing chain of retail stores. The future looks bright for retail
chain like Big Bazaar which already has captured Indian
consumer’s imagination and has become a complete family store.
Currently there are 214 Big Bazaar stores and further plans to
expand the stores in India.11 It is targeted to Low class and middle
class people. Factors that are playing a role in fuelling the bright
future of the Indian Retail are as follows:
1. The income of an average Indian is increasing and thus there
is a proportional increase in the purchasing power.
2. The infrastructure is improving greatly in all regions is
benefiting the market.
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Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management and AdministrationStructure. Page 188
3. Indian economy and its policies are also becoming more and
more liberal making way for a wide range of companies to
enter Indian market.
4. Indian population has learnt to become a good consumer and
all national and international brands are benefiting with this
new awareness
Future Plans:
The Company would continue to pursue its aggressive
growth to strengthen its position as a leading player in the
consumption space in India, with an aim to capture increasing
share of the consumer’s wallet. The Company would continue with
its expansion plans and would continue to increase its presence on
a pan-India basis by opening more retail outlets in tier 2 and tier
3 cities and by further strengthening its position in key metro
cities. The Company has planned to increase its operating retail
space from around 8 million square feet currently to around
12 million square feet.12 The various subsidiary companies of the
Company, which have been created to cater to various
consumption categories, are currently in initial set-up phase. Most
of them will come into their own, pursuing aggressive growth plans
to achieve scale and garner increasing market share. The Company
will also be able to unlock value out of these businesses by listing
these subsidiary companies, and partnering with strategic partners
in them, at an appropriate time. The Company, operating in the
consumption space, has added IT services and education to its
portfolio of businesses, apart from the existing consumer finance,
insurance, media, logistics and brand businesses. All these
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Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management and AdministrationStructure. Page 189
businesses will help in capitalizing on the synergies with the retail
business to further enhance shareholder’s wealth.
References:
1. Kishore Biyani (2007) - It Happened In India -
Rupa Publications, Mumbai. Kishore Biyani (2007) - It
Happened In India - Rupa Publications, Mumbai.
2. Cook, S., (2011) - Big Bazaar India -
http://goindia.about.com
3. FutureBazaar.com (2010) - Future Bazaar India Ltd. -
http://bigbazaar.futurebazaar.com
4. http://www.ukessays.com
5. Rishikesha T. Krishnan and Srivardhini K. Jha (2011) -
Innovation Strategies in Emerging Markets: What Can We
Learn from Indian Market Leaders - ASCI Journal of
Management 41(1): 21–45
6. Malhotra, R., (2008) - Big Bazaar – India’s Real Retail
Story - http://www.moneycontrol.com
7. Organization Management - Meaning, Need and its
Features - http://managementstudyguide.com
8. Sanjay Shah (2013) - BIG reasons of Big Bazaar’s success -
http://blog.sanjayshahseminar.com
9. Vijay Anand and Vikram Nambiar (2007) - Indian Food
Retail Sector in the Global Scenario - Business Line, 23rd
July 2007.
10. Tripathi V., Seth R., Bhandari V. (2013) - On Dynamic
relationship between FDI and Macroeconomic factors: The
A Study of Innovative Marketing Practices In Retail Marketing Sector withSpecial Reference to Big Bazaars in Maharashtra State. 2015
Chapter No. 04: Big Bazar: Organization, Management and AdministrationStructure. Page 190
India Experience, retrieved from Social Science Research
Network.
11. Sunita Sikri and Dipti Wadhwa (2012) - Growth and
Challenges of Retail Industry in India: An Analysis - Asia
Pacific Journal of Marketing and Management Review,
Vol.1 Issue 1
12. Sankar, M., (2009) - Big Bazaar The hypermarket -
http://articles.besttofind.com/a-1462/business-&-
finance/big-bazaar-the-hypermarket.html