CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Deductive Study

2.1.1 Theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a framework of logic and problem-solving that spans the spectrum from instant awareness to fully integrated consciousness by organizing perception, feelings, judgments and memories into a hierarchy of forces that influence decision results. The AHP is based on innate human ability to use information and experience to estimates relative magnitudes through paired comparisons. These comparisons are used to construct ratio scales on variety of dimensions both tangible and intangible. Arranging these dimensions in hierarchic or network structure allows a systematic procedure to organize our basic reasoning and intuition by breaking down a problem into its smaller constituents parts. The AHP thus leads from simple pairwise comparison judgment to the priorities in hierarchy. In the simple most common case the forces arranged from the more general and less controllable to the more specific and controllable. Starting from time horizons and scenario of the original problem we progress to the actors, then to their objectives and policies. Further development of the hierarchy moves to those affected by a decision and their objectives and policies. Finally the structure generates the alternative outcomes of a prediction or the available choices in a priority decision. Failure can occur when the forecasting effort does not allow for the full range of possibilities, or assumes that certain outcomes will happen because of limited awareness or prior assumptions of the forecaster. The AHP allows us to become committed participants, who fully understand, appreciate, and weigh the influences of the forces that control the outcome. (Saaty L. Thomas, 1994, Chap. 1)

2.1.2 Restaurant Inventory Management

In the structure of the supply chain management, supplier chain is a unity which is the provider of the first material the chain of distribution of goods will begin. The first material can be shaped raw materials, supporting materials, merchandise or spare parts. This research uses raw materials produced consumables for food and beverages The number of suppliers can be a lot or a little. (IPB Press, 2013)

Needs of raw materials continue to be available will support the production process. The role of the supplier determines the success of the company, if the raw material provided by suppliers of poor quality, then this will also affect the quality of the product (Gunawan, D., 2009). And if the supplier cannot provide the raw materials in accordance with the needs of the company, it can be ascertained that the production schedule will be disrupted. Determining the right suppliers based on the criteria and sub-criteria which predetermined the company can provide the best performance for the company. Some of the factors that influence the supply of raw materials ordering process raw materials to suppliers include:

1. Estimated use.

2. The price of raw materials.

3. The cost of the purchase.

4. Expenditure Planning.

5. The use of materials.

6. The waiting time (lead time).

7. Method of Purchase materials.

8. Inventory Safety (Safety Stock).

9. Buy Back (Re-order Point)

(Ahyari, Agus., 1986)

2.1.3 Selection of Suppliers

The main factors considered by a company when choosing a supplier is (Stevenson, William J., 2012).

1. Price.

2. Quality.

3. Service.

4. Location.

5. Policy supplier inventory.

6. Flexibility.

Some steps in evaluating suppliers, among others (Miranda & Tunggal, Widjaja. A., 2007)

1. Managers identify all potential suppliers who sell items purchased company.

2. Make a list of attributes for in the evaluation

3. Management decides the importance of each attribute for the company.

4. Make a weighted composite measure of each attribute.

CONTOH TABEL NYA

NTAR DI UBAH2 aja dikit kin SESUAI SAMA TEORY YG KUBUAT

Pemilihan Supplier

QualityCostDelivery

KuantitasResponbility

Ganti SupplierMenambah SupplierTetap pada Supplierlama

K

e

s

e

s

u

a

i

a

n

B

a

r

a

n

g

M

a

t

e

r

i

a

l

H

a

r

g

a

B

a

h

a

n

B

a

k

u

B

i

a

y

a

P

e

n

g

i

r

i

m

a

n

P

e

m

b

e

r

i

a

n

D

i

s

k

o

n

K

e

t

e

p

a

t

a

n

B

a

h

a

n

B

a

k

u

K

e

t

e

p

a

t

a

n

P

e

n

g

r

i

r

i

m

a

n

C

o

n

t

i

n

u

o

u

s

B

a

r

a

g

T

a

n

p

a

C

a

c

a

t

Pemilihan Supplier

Quality

Cost

Delivery

Kuantitas

Responbility

Kesesuaian Barang

Material

Barag Tanpa Cacat

Harga Bahan Baku

Biaya Pengiriman

Pemberian Diskon

Ketepatan Bahan Baku

Ketepatan Pengririman

Continuous

Ganti Supplier

Menambah Supplier

Tetap pada Supplier lama