Chapter 9 Stoichiometry. 9.1 & 9.2 Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Stoichiometry - the study of...
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Transcript of Chapter 9 Stoichiometry. 9.1 & 9.2 Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations Stoichiometry - the study of...
9.1 & 9.2 Ideal Stoichiometric Calculations
Stoichiometry - the study of the quantitative measurement problems between chemical formulas, reactions and equations.
Stoichiometric Conversions
Quick Review using the mole mapEx1:
0.15 mol NaOH convert to grams
Ex2: 9.00g MgCl2 convert to atoms of Chlorine
Stoichiometric Conversions
Reaction stoichiometryExample - combustion of propane:
C3H8 + __O2 __CO2+ __H2O
Thus, for every 1 propane, 5 moles of diatomic oxygen are required to produce 3 moles of carbon dioxide and 4 moles of water.
Stoichiometric Conversions
Four Core Steps: Step #1 Write a BALANCED equation
Step #2 Go to moles Step #3 Mole to Mole - cross the bridge
Step #4 Go to the desired unit
Stoichiometric Conversions
Ex1: How many moles of water vapor are created from 2 moles of Hydrogen? Balanced equation
Go to Mole Mole to Mole
Desired Unit
Stoichiometric Conversions Ex2: How many grams of water vapor are created
from 64.0 grams of Oxygen? Balanced equation
2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)
Go to Mole
Mole to Mole
Desired Unit
Stoichiometric Conversions
Ex3: How many liters of H2O (g) are made from 5.00 L of Oxygen? Balanced equation
2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)
Go to Mole
Mole to Mole
Desired Unit
Stoichiometric Conversions
Ex4: How many Liters of Oxygen are needed to react with 14.40 g C5H12? Balanced equation
Go to Mole Mole to Mole
Desired Unit
Stoichiometric Conversions
Ex5: How many grams of solid lithium hydroxide are needed to react with 8.50 grams of carbon dioxide gas? (Lithium hydroxide + carbon dioxide yields Lithium
carbonate and water)
9.23g LiOH
Stoichiometric Conversions
Ex6: How many grams of water are produced from 2.00 moles of carbon dioxide and excess amount of lithium hydroxide?
36.0g
Ex7: How many moles of lithium carbonate are produced from 152 grams of carbon dioxide and an excess amount of lithium hydroxide?
3.45mol
9.3 Limiting Reactant Problems and % Yield... The Limiting Reactant causes the
reaction to stop…it is the reactant that is all used up in the chemical reaction.
Limiting Reactant
Ex1: How many grams of Magnesium Chloride can be made from 3.64 g of magnesium and 7.10 g of Chlorine gas?a: How much of the excess reactant did you
use?b: What percent of the excess was unused?
……
Limiting Reactant
How many grams of Magnesium Chloride can be made from 3.64 g of magnesium and 7.10 g of Chlorine gas?
Limiting Reactant and % Yield
.From the equation: 2 HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2
How many liters of H2 can be made starting with 20.0 grams of Zn and 25.5 g HCl?
How many grams of Zinc chloride will be made? Identify the limiting and excess reactants. How much of the excess reactant is needed? How much of the excess reactant is left over?
Limiting Reactant
2 HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2
How many liters of H2 can be made starting with 20.0 grams of Zn and 25.5 g HCl?
Limiting Reactant
Identify the limiting and excess reactants.
How much of the excess reactant is needed?
How much of the excess reactant is left over?