Chapter 9 Section 1 Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Abigail Adams in the...
Transcript of Chapter 9 Section 1 Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Abigail Adams in the...
US HistoryChapter 9Section 1
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Abigail Adams in the unfinished White House
1800’s Politics Election of 1800
• John Adams/Charles Pinckney vs. Thomas Jefferson/Aaron Burr
• “Campaigning” – sending letters and newspaper publishing Election Deadlock
• Jefferson and Burr both received 73 votes• 35 votes = still tied; until one extra vote for Jefferson• 1803 – 12th Amendment – voting for President and Vice-
President on separate ballots Inauguration Day – March 4, 1801
• Address – all about limiting government• Laissez-faire- French philosophy of “letting the people do
what they choose”
Jeffersonian Impact Policies
• Desired to expand westward• People are more likely to care if they own land• America need more land• But, Jefferson wanted a smaller “standing” army
Cabinet• Secretary of State – James Madison• Secretary of Treasury – Albert Gallatin• Repealed the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Naturalization
Act Cutting Spending
• Cut the Army by 1/3, limited the navy from 25 ships to 7• Repealed the Whiskey Tax• Foreign Duties – takes on foreign imported goods
The Courts The Judiciary Act of 1801
• Set up just before Jefferson came into office• Set up 16 regional courts• John Adams appointed many justices• John Marshall – Adam’s secretary of state became the Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court• This meant a Federalist controlled Court• Adams tried to commission all of the judges, but a few were appointed and not
confirmed (including William Marbury) Marbury vs. Madison
• Marbury took up his claim to the Supreme Court• The Court turned down the claim; Marshall wrote the opinion• Judical Review - the right of the Supreme Court to determine the
constitutionality of other groups The Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land If a conflict arises between the Constitution and any law; Const. wins The Judicial Branch’s job is to uphold the Constitution
McCulloch vs. Maryland - the Court upheld the right of Congress to do more than the Constitution says (Elastic Clause)
Gibbons vs. Ogden - Court takes precedent over state laws
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Checking for Understanding
__ 1. the right of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution
__ 2. policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy
__ 3. taxes on foreign imported goods
A. laissez-faire
B. customs duties
C. judicial review
Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.
C
A
B