Chapter 9 Map

8/9/2019 Chapter 9 Map

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Chapter 9 - Shayd Speed, Claire Stephan, Jaime Speer

Components

&

Tools

Relational

Databases

Modeling

with

Databases

Advantages &

Limitations of

Database

Modeling

Evaluating

Databases for

Modeling


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Database Management Systems: Components and Tools

Database management systems consist of the database, a file management system,

database organization tools, and reporting functions. Every database consists of

one or more files, each of which contains data in the form of collections of records

that are related to a content domain, event, or set of objects. Each record in the

database is divided into fields that describe the type of information that it

contains. The same type of information for each record is stored in a field. The

content and arrangement of each field are standardized within the records, which

enables the computer to locate a particular kind of information quickly.

Database tools enable the user to organize and reorganize information to answer

queries. The main database tools are searching, sorting, and retrieving data. You

can create a file for each students schedule in a school. You can use the

capabilities in a database management system to reflect a schedule change to

another class period or class.

Organization tools provide an important function in database management systems.

The search tool allows you to find specific information. For example, you can

search through a schools database to find what class a particular student is in

during a teacher conference period to give them make- up work from when they

were absent.

Another search feature is the NOT function. Searching a schools database using

the NOT function to find every student in the school not named Jones would show

every record in the database except those with the last name Jones. You can also

use the SORT function to rearrange data in ascending or descending order

according to the fields. For example, you could sort by last names in ascendingorder to give you an alphabetized list of students in a particular grade or class.

Database management systems give you an organized way to store data. They allow

you to locate and sort information to help you answer questions about that

information.

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Relational Databases

In the past few years, database systems have become much more powerful and

flexible. Most have become more relational. A relational database is a collection of

relations or tables of different sizes and organization that are interconnected in

some way similar to a network. Information contained on different files can be

interrelated through key relationships.

Relational databases allow for more sophisticated organization and queries. They

enable users to combine, compare, contrast or interrelate data in many tables. This

is in comparison to former databases that were flat files in which the data model

could not be changed after the model was identified.


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Logic behind Database Creation

Databases help students relate ideas to each other and develop compare-contrast thinking.

Putting information into matrices can foster a variety of problem solving skills.

How do students create a database?

y Determine what fields are necessary.y Determine how large the fields should be.y Determine what connections are important between the information.y How the complete database should be modeled.

Databases as Mindtools

The modeling aspect of database construction is based upon students determining the

relationship between the content. Creating and modeling a database is about relating

information rather than memorizing it. Jonassen states several examples of when databases

have been used as mindtools: classification of seashells, in the achievement ofobjectives, and

as inquiry tools.

Modeling with

Databases

Logic Behind

Database

Creatio

n

How do

students

create a

database?

Databases

as

Mindtools

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Chapter 9 - Shayd Speed, Claire Stephan, Jaime SpeerEvaluating Databases for

Modeling

Coaching

Modeling with

Databases

1. Students Query a completed

database

Students should question a

completed database in order to

familiarize themselves with

databases and allow the teacher to

coach the students through the

process

2. Students complete existing data

structures.

Students fill in the blanks of a

partially completed database. This

allows them to start to determine

important information.

3. Students make a plan.

Students develop a plan for their

database. They determine what

information they will use and how

they will achieve the goals they se

out for themselves.

4. Students adapt existing data

structure or design new data

structures for other students to

complete.

Students learn organizational

techniques used to create

databases. Use familiar content to

create one as a class.

5. Students create and complete

data structures.

Now students use classroom

content to create a more complex

database. The various models

developed should be edited by the

class.

6. Students write queries for oth

students.

Requiring students to write queri

for other students helps students

see the relationship between the

information provided.

7. Students extrapolate from

databases.

Students will create new fields from

existing databases.

8. Students reflect on the activity.

Students should reflect upon their

project throughout its creation. It

should be a process that involves

reflection about others projects as

well.

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Advantages and limitations of using Data Base Modeling

Advantagesy Database creating/manipulating is constructive, It actively mentally engages

learners.

y Learners are actively building knowledge structures, Knowledgerepresentation activities allow students to define nature of relationship

between concepts and use compare/contrast thinking.

y Learners are exposed to compare/contrast relationships which are aided bythe speed of the DBMS.

y Learners can search DB in number of ways, using cells.y Learners can re-arrange info in self-relevant ways.y Learners have the ease of automated data entry.y Students can compare their individual databases with other students' or

they can collaborate to design databases together.

Disadvantages

y Some argue that databases pretty much do the same thing as a textbooksummary.

y There is a possibility for student confusiony Learners must have at least a pre-existing cursory knowledge of their subject

and comprehension of their subject information to manufacture a database.

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