Chapter - 9Chapter - 9Chapter - 9Chapter - 9FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTFUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

• MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

• Managerial functions

• Operative functions

CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

• MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

Managerial functionsa) Planning

b) Organisinga) Staffing

b) Directingc) controlling

Operational functionsa) Productionb) Marketingc) purchasingd) Financinge) Personnel

CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

• According to Luther Gullick gave the Key word;

• P........................Planning• O......................organising• D......................Directing• S......................Staffing• C0............coordinating• R.......................Reporting• B......................Budgeting

Management ProcessMANAGEMENT PROCESS

DIRECTING

STAFFING

ORGANISING

PLANNING

CONTROLLING

MANAGARIAL FUNCTIONS AND SUBFUNCTIONS

• PLANNING ...Forecasting, decision making ,strategy, formulation

policy-Making,programming,scheduling,budgeting

problem solving,innovation,investigation and Research

. ORGANISING...Functionalisation,divisionalisation,departments, Decentralisation,activity,analysis,task,span of management, task allocationSTAFFING...... Manpower

planning,Recruitment,selection,training, placement,compensation,promotion,appraisalDIRECTING......Supervision,motivation,communication,leadershipCONTROLLING Fixation of standards,recording,measurement reporting,corrective action

Planning

• Planning is deciding in advance what is to be done in the future

• “According to koontz and O ‘Donnell defines planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap from where we are to where we want to go. It makes it possible for things to occur which would not otherwise happen”

Features of planning

• Planning seeks to achieve certain objectives.• Planning is oriented towards the future.• Planning is a mental exercise• Planning involves choices from alternatives• Planning is the basics for all other functions.• It is a continuous function• It is pervading.• Planning is directed towards efficiency.

Steps in planning

• Collecting information about past• Defining objectives• Developing planning premises• Discovering alternative cources of action.• Evaluating alternatives.• Choosing the best alternatives• Defining subsidiary plans• Periodic revision and review of plans.

Advantages of planning

• It focuses attention on desired objectives

• It helps to minimise risk• It improve efficiency• It avoid confusions• It encourage innovation and creativity• It enables co operation and group

work• It serves as the basis of control.

Limitations of planning • Lack of accurate information• Time consuming• Expensive• Rigidity due to strict compliance

with plans• Unwillingness to people change• External limitations (political )

How we overcome the limitations?

• Top management support• Better forecasting• Developing clear-cut objectives• Participation of employees in planning• Sound communication• Overcoming resistance to change• Scientific planning• Well balanced keeping plans.

Organising

• According to Henri fayol “To organise a business means to provide it with everything useful to its functioning-raw materials,tools,capital and personnel”

Steps in organising • Identifying the activities required for

achieving objectives.• Classifying these activities in to

convenient groups• Assigning the group of activities to

appropriate persons.• Delegating authority and fixing

responsibilities.• Coordinating Authority Responsibility

relationship throughout the enterprise.

Importance of organising • Sound organisation facilitate growth and

diversification• Optimum use of human resources by matching

work with talent• Maintain good harmonious structure in the

office • Group activity is equivalent to social structure

of organisation• It is a mechanism of management to

direct ,controls and coordinates the activities of enterprise.

Staffing • It is concerned with the Human

resources of the enterprise.• It is concerned with

acquiring,developing,utilising,and maintaining human resources.

• It is a process of matching jobs with individuals to ensure right man for the right job.

Definition of staffing • According to koontz and O Donnel

“The managerial functions of staffing involves manning the organisational structure through proper and effective selection, appraisal and development of personnel to fill the roles designed in to the structure.

Steps in staffing

• Manpower planning • Recruitment,selection,placement• Training and development• Appraisal ,promotion and transfer• Employee remuneration

Features of staffing • It is a function of management• It is an integral part of the process of

management.• It is concerned with the human

resources• It is a pervasive function• Aims at optimum utilisation of human

resources.

Importance of staffing

• It helps in discovering and obtaining competent employees for for various job.

• It improve the quantity and quality of output by putting right man for right job.

• It improves job satisfaction of employees• It reduces cost of personnel by avoiding

wastage of human resource.• It facilitates the growth and

diversification.

Directing

• It is concerned with the execution of plans through organised action.

• It is also known as commanding or actuating

DEFINITION

• “Direction consist of the process and techniques utilised in using instructions and making certain that operations are carried out as planned”