Chapter 8

Religion and Reform

Key Ideas

2nd Great Awakening Evangelical preachers New religious groups Non Protestants suffer

discrimination Mormons Catholics Jews

Interest in Religion

Mormon Migration

Key Ideas

Utopian Societies – “Perfect” Lived together communally Brook Farm, New Harmony

Transcendentalists – nature; transcend religion Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau – Walden

Communal Societies

Key Ideas

Reformers Education – Public school movement

Horace Mann Noah Webster (dictionary)

Ill and Imprisoned Dorothea Dix – mental hospitals Prison system – penitentiary movement

Temperance Movement (moderation) End alcohol abuse American Temperance Society

Temperance

Key Ideas

Antislavery Movement Cruel treatment; worked dawn to dusk Resistance – Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner William Lloyd Garrison – American Anti-Slavery

Society, The Liberator Abolitionism spreads – Frederick Douglass Southerners cling to slavery; defend it Abolitionist women realized women had no

rights either! Began women’s movement American Colonization Society – movement to

return to Africa (Liberia)

Slave States

Key Ideas

Women’s movement No property, vote, rights; education

limited Women led reform efforts; slow going Disagreement on aims Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton Seneca Falls Convention – Declaration

of Sentiments; first conference Mid 1800’s had gained some rights

Status of Women