CHAPTER 8
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Transcript of CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 8The American Revolution and
Georgia Statehood
Unit IV Vocabulary Natural Law Popular Sovereignty Articles of Confederation Constitution Bicameral Separation of Powers General Assembly Boycott Checks and Balances Militia Tories Whigs
I. CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION
Causes of the American Revolution
FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR The largest cause of
the American Revolution
The war was extremely expensive
The colonists benefited; so the British thought they should pay.
I. Causes of the American Revolution
TAXES ACT – another name
for a British law. Sugar Act – placed a
tax on all sugar (remember colonists needed sugar to make rum).
Stamp Act – placed a tax on paper products.
Townshend Act – placed a tax on many imported items.
I. Causes of the American Revolution
SMUGGLING AS A RESULT: Colonists began
sneaking items into the country so they did not need to pay the taxes. They also boycotted.
This made the British angry
Tea Act – required colonists to buy all tea from England. This led to the Boston Tea Party.
Navigation Act – all imported items must enter the colonies on British ships.
Quartering Act – colonists are required to give British troops a place to stay and eat.
I. Causes of the American Revolution
Boston Massacre A mob of angry
colonists threatened some British soldiers.
The British soldiers fired upon the colonists and killed several of them.
II. WAR BEGINS
II. War Begins Whigs – Patriots.
Supported war. Tories – Loyalists.
Against the war. Liberty Boys – a group
from Georgia who opposed the Stamp Act. They are an example of Whigs.
Most people in Georgia started out as Tories, but eventually became Whigs.
II. War Begins Important Battles
Lexington and Concord First Battles of the
Revolution.
II. War Begins Battle of Trenton –
The turning point of the War. Showed the colonists that they could win.
II. War Begins Battle of Yorktown
The British surrendered to the colonists and left forever.
The colonists got help from the French, who disliked the British.
II. War BeginsBATTLE OF KETTLE CREEK SIEGE OF SAVANNAH Largest battle fought
in Georgia. Most of the colonists
who fought were from Georgia.
The colonists were victorious.
The British took control of Savannah when the war first started.
The colonists wanted it back, so they attacked the city.
The colonists lost.
II. War Begins Important People To
Know Nancy Hart – lady who
had a group of Tories arrested and executed.
Elijah Clarke – led colonists to victory at Kettle Creek
Austin Dabney – a slave who became free and fought in the Revolution.
III. A NEW GOVERNMENT CREATED
III. A New Government Created Declaration of
Independence Written by Thomas
Jefferson Declared our
independence from England.
Signed by: Lyman Hall Button Gwinnett George Walton
III. A New Government Created Articles of
Confederation A Confederation is
a loose friendship of states.
Created a very weak national government.
Every state is responsible for itself.
III. A New Government Created Georgia Constitution
of 1777 Had separation of
powers. Created a weak
government with a unicameral legislature that really had all the power.
Executive branch had to answer to the legislature.
III. A New Government Created The Constitution of
the United States Some people felt
that the Articles of Confederation created a system that was too weak, so they decided to replace it with the Constitution.
III. A New Government Created Compromises
Great Compromise Large States – wanted
representation in government to be based on population.
Small States – wanted every state to have an equal vote.
Compromise – bicameral legislature. One house is based on population and the other is based on an equal vote.
III. A New Government Created Compromises Cont.
3/5th Compromise Southern States –
wanted to count slaves as part of their population.
Northern States – did not think it was fair because slaves could not vote
Compromise – slaves counted as 3/5th of a person.
III. A New Government Created Compromises Cont.
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise North – wanted to put
an end to slavery and make the South industrialized. They also favored tariffs.
South – felt abolishing slavery would ruin their economy. Opposed tariffs.
Compromise – no tariffs. Slavery can be abolished in 20 years.
III. A New Government Created Compromises Cont.
Bill of Rights Federalists – wanted the
constitution written to create a stronger national government.
Anti-Federalists – thought that a powerful government would be just like England
Compromise – 10 amendments (changes) added to the Constitution to ensure that the government does not become TOO powerful.
III. A New Government Created Georgians sign the
Constitution Abraham Baldwin William Few
Georgia also created a new constitution that was similar to the new US constitution.