Chapter 7 Section 2: Trails to the West. Crossing the Appalachians Several main roads west From...
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Transcript of Chapter 7 Section 2: Trails to the West. Crossing the Appalachians Several main roads west From...
![Page 1: Chapter 7 Section 2: Trails to the West. Crossing the Appalachians Several main roads west From Northeast- Mohawk trail into west NY From Philadelphia-](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e455503460f94b39896/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 7
Section 2: Trails to the West
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Crossing the Appalachians
•Several main roads west•From Northeast- Mohawk trail into west NY
•From Philadelphia- Forber’s Road to Pittsburgh & then voyage west on the Ohio River
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•From Baltimore- went to Pittsburgh on Braddocks Road
•From Mid- Atlantic States- Cumberland Road or National Road
•From South- Great Valley Road or Richmond Road
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Settling the Wilderness
•Daniel Boone–Employed to cut Wilderness Rd through the Cumberland Gap
–1792- 75,000 pioneers settled in Kentucky
–Became the 15th state
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•1830’s–Ohio- 1,000,000–Indiana- 350,000–Illinois 150,000–98,000 slaves move west between 1790 & 1810
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Forcing Native Americans West
•Government developed a plan to help settlers by pressing the eastern tribes to move farther west to the Louisiana Territory
•Land was unfit for farming
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Expanding into Florida
•Spanish Occupation–1795 Pinckney’s Treaty–Southern boundary of the US was set at 31N latitude
–US citizens would be allowed free use of the Mississippi River
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•Spain & the US agreed to control the Natives living within their borders & to prevent them from attacking each other’s territories
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•US annexed west Florida by 1810
•Seminole led raids on settlements in Georgia
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The Seminole Wars
•General Andrew Jackson was sent to put them down
•Burned villages, captured towns & within a few weeks claim possession of the entire west part of Florida
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•Secretary of State John Quincy Adams accused Spain of breaking the treaty for not controlling the Seminoles
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Adams-Onis Treaty
•Spain ceded Florida to the US
•Fixed the boundary between the LA purchase & Spanish territory in the west–Present day Texas
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Bound for the Pacific
•Believed the US had a divine mission to spread liberty across the continent “manifest destiny”
•The Oregon Country–Northern California to Southern Alaska
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•Magnificent mountains, endless forests, & fertile valleys
•4 different nations claimed rights to the Oregon country–US, GB, Russia, & Spain–1818- US & GB signed a treaty agreeing to it’s occupation
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Convention of 1818
•Disregarded the wishes of native Americans who lived there
•1819- Adams- Onis Treaty•Spain gave up its claim to the
region•1825- Russia gave up its claim
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Overland Travelers
•1842- organized wagon trains carried people west
•Met in Independence, Missouri
•Oregon Trail•Took 4-6 months & was expensive & exhausting
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•Reasons to move west–Obtain land–Trade goods–Challenge & independence of life on the frontier
•Good relations between the pioneers & Natives
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•Santa Fe Trail•Used to go to Mexican Territory•By 1845 more than 5,000
migrated to Oregon & demanded complete control of the area
•Treaty of 1846 US & GB agreed to divide the Oregon Country along the 49th parallel
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Mormon Migrations
•Harassed by neighbors & condemned for their beliefs
•Moved to Ohio & then to Nauvoo, Illinois in 1839
•Smith was killed by an angry mob because of polygamy
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Brigham Young
•Becomes their new leader & moved outside the US border to the Great Salt Lake
•Mormon Trail•By 1850 more than 11,000 settled
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•Prospered as farmers & traders by skillfully irrigating their desert region & by selling food & supplies to pioneers
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Gold Rush
•January 1848- gold was discovered
•August- 4,000 gold crazed prospectors swarmed the land
•Population explored to 200,000 by 1852
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•Mostly unmarried men•10% were Chinese•Impact on California
–Bad for Natives–Made them slaves in their mines
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•Brought commercial prosperity to cities along the Pacific Coast
•Mining towns usually had short lives
•Ghost towns