Chapter 7: Gendered Family Dynamics Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Seven: Gendered Family...

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Chapter 7: Gendered Family Dynamics

Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth

Chapter Seven:Chapter Seven:

Gendered Family DynamicsGendered Family Dynamics

gendered lives

““The family is the lynchpin of The family is the lynchpin of gender, reproducing it from gender, reproducing it from one generation to the next.”one generation to the next.”

~ Susan Moller Okin~ Susan Moller Okin


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Entering a Gendered SocietyEntering a Gendered Society

• Self-as-Object

First Views are External

Later Internalize Views of Self

Internalize Only After Experiencing Others

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Entering a Gendered SocietyEntering a Gendered Society

• Monitoring

• Internal Dialogues

• Monitor Selves

• Tell Selves What to Think,

Do, Look Like, and Feel

• Use Symbols to Define Self Gender and Societyhttp://www.trinity.edu/~mkearl/gender.html

Gender and Societyhttp://www.trinity.edu/~mkearl/gender.html

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Gendering Communication Gendering Communication in the Familyin the Family

• Unconscious Processes

• Social Learning and Cognitive Development

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Unconscious Processes: Unconscious Processes: Identification & InternalizationIdentification & Internalization

• Sigmund Freud

Anatomy is Destiny

Little Empirical Support

• Families ARE Critical to

Formation of Gender Identity

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• Around Age 3 Male and

Female Development Diverges

• Boys Identify Less with

Mothers, More with Males

• Complicated by Lack of Men

in Lives

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• Girls Rewarded for

Interactions with Mothers

• See Mother as Role Model

for Femininity

• Boys Rewarded for

Roaming and Independence

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• Discussion of Gender, Not Sex

• Not Born to Be Connected or Independent

• Masculine Women and Men Value

Independence and Distance

• Feminine Women and Men Value

Relationships and Closeness

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• Ego Boundaries

Where Self Stops and World Begins

Female Boundaries More Permeable

Male Boundaries Less Permeable

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Parental Communication Parental Communication about Genderabout Gender

• Value of Males and Females

• Reflects Gender Stereotypes

• Different Expectations for Achievement

• Conveyed Through Toys, Clothes, & Chores

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Parental ModelingParental Modeling

• Masculinity and Femininity

• Male-Female Relationships

• Gender and Physical Appearance

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Different Contributions of Different Contributions of Mothers and FathersMothers and Fathers

• Fathers Help with Agency

• Mothers Help with Competence in

Relationships

• Fathers Play More, Care Take Less

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Growing Up MasculineGrowing Up Masculine

• Don’t Be Female

• Be Successful

• Be Aggressive

• Be Sexual

• Be Self-Reliant

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Growing Up FeminineGrowing Up Feminine

• Appearance Still Counts

• Be Sensitive and Caring

• Negative Treatment by Others

• Be Superwoman

• No Single Meaning of Feminine Anymore

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Growing Up Outside Growing Up Outside Conventional Gender RolesConventional Gender Roles

• Gay Men Ostracized because

Perceived as Feminine

• Transgendered and Intersexed

People Want Choice

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gendered lives

Chapter 7: Gendered Family Dynamics Copyright © 2005 Wadsworth 1 Chapter Seven: Gendered Family...

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