Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510...

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Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews

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Transcript of Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510...

Page 1: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Chapter 6The Phoenicians

and the Hebrews

Page 2: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

When and Where?

• 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C.• Present day Lebanon and Israel

Page 3: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Ancient days: was a bridge between

Egypt and Mesopota

mia

Page 4: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 5: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 6: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Section 1Section 1

The Phoenicians

The Phoenicians

Page 7: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

The PhoeniciansThe Phoenicians•Lived in northern Canaan (Cannanites)•We learned about them from Bible, other ancient peoples, and ruins of cities and ships

•Lived in northern Canaan (Cannanites)•We learned about them from Bible, other ancient peoples, and ruins of cities and ships

Page 8: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 9: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

The Phoenicians• Semitic-speaking people

(Semitic – languages of Southwest Asia and North Africa)• Settled in small city-states in present day Lebanon (Northern Canaan)• Canaanites: herders to traders•Why?

Page 10: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Growth of Trade•Could not grow

enough food to feed their people•Few natural resources so they turned to the sea•One resource was abundant…

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_LApxKDsDWI0/Sp3eKIoqG4I/AAAAAAAABUs/jUknp6RwsNU/s1600-h/ML02_Cedrus_libani_Lebanon_Cedar.png
Page 11: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Trade• Mountains produced cedar

forests• Built ships of cedar• Began coastal trading• By 900 B.C. they dominated

Mediterranean sea trade• Some sailors were artisans who

carried work with them on ships

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_LApxKDsDWI0/Sp3eKIoqG4I/AAAAAAAABUs/jUknp6RwsNU/s1600-h/ML02_Cedrus_libani_Lebanon_Cedar.png
Page 12: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 13: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 14: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Sailors• Sailors and explorers plotted course using sun and stars – no maps or modern technology• Sailed beyond Gibraltar• Some believe they sailed around west coast of Africa• Some believe they sailed across Atlantic

Page 15: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 16: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 17: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Phoenician City-States

• Independent city-states•Never united•Why?

Page 18: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Mountains

separated

them!

Page 19: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Zahle

Page 20: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Jounieh

Page 21: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Major City-States

•Tyre•Byblos•Beirut•Sidon

Page 22: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Byblos

Page 23: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Byblos

Page 24: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Byblos

Page 25: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Byblos

Page 26: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Byblos

Page 27: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 28: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Beirut

Page 29: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Beirut

Page 30: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Beirut

Page 31: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Beirut

Page 32: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Beirut

Page 33: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Sidon

Page 34: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Sidon

Page 35: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Sidon

Page 36: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Tyre

Page 37: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Tyre

Page 38: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Tyre

Page 39: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Tyre

Page 40: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

City-States• Shared common language and religion but quarreled (trade profit)• Ruled by king who was also priest• Rich merchants forced kings to share power with councils of merchants• Councils soon told kings what to do

Page 41: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

City-States• Surrounded by walls• Crowded• Buildings close together; made of stone or brick (roof gardens)• Port – outside walls; center of activity

Page 42: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Phoenicians became…

•Carpenters and cabinet makers (wood)•Metal workers (learned from Egypt & Mesopotamia)

Page 43: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Cities became…•Cloth dying centers• Soon gained a monopoly on purple dye and cloth• Purple dye• ”Phoenician” = “of purple merchants”

Page 44: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Legend• God named Melqart was walking along seashore with Tyrus and a dog• dog picked up shellfish called

Murex• dog’s mouth turned purple• Tyrus refused marriage unless Melqart gave her a gown of purple

Page 45: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 46: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Gods and Goddesses

•Polytheistic•Nature: worshipped on hills and under trees at first•Later built temples

Page 47: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Temples•Entrance hall•Main hall•Holy of holies (most sacred chamber)

Page 48: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 49: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Afterlife•Believed in afterlife•At first – buried in urn (ornamental vases)•Later – embalmed (influenced by Egyptians)

Page 50: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Phoenicians learned to make agreements

(business):• Treaties: agreements between states or countries•Made treaties agreeing to ship others’ goods in exchange for guaranteed Phoenician independence

Page 51: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Phoenician Colonies• With new wealth (from

trade) they began to build permanent settlements• Est. trading colonies throughout the Med.• Colony – region controlled by a distant country• Carthage – famous Pho. Colony in North Africa

Page 52: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Carthage• Phoenician sailors and traders built post and colonies (permanent settlements) along northern Africa• Carthage – founded in 814; present day Tunisia

Page 53: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Legend of Carthage• City was found by Phoenician princess (Dido)• Dido ruled Tyre•Her brother killed her husband• She fled to North Africa and built Carthage

Page 54: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Contributions

Page 55: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Phoenician coins were minted by individual city states

Tyre

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?param=57817q00.jpg&vpar=598&zpg=68992&fld=http://www.forumancientcoins.com/Coins2/
http://phoenicia.org/imgs/i_pho_sidon_o1.jpg
Page 56: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

The Alphabet• Ideas spread through trade• Most important gift – idea of alphabet• Did not invent alphabet but passed on to Mediterranean areas• Each of the 22 Phoeniciacn alphabet symbols represented a different sound• The Greeks eventually adopted this alphabet• Page 105 in textbook shows alphabet

Page 57: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.
Page 58: Chapter 6 The Phoenicians and the Hebrews. When and Where? 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C. Present day Lebanon and Israel Present day Lebanon.

Travel and trade

encouraged cultural diffusion


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