Skeletal System – Bones & Joints

CHAPTER 6

• There are 206 bones in a standard human skeleton

• Long bones, short bones, Flat bones, and irregular bones

• 80 axial- 28 skull bones, 26 vertebrae, 25 ribs, and 1 unattached

• 126 appendicular – 64 UE, 62 LE

• Sesamoid bones, wormian bones

SKELETON

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood cell production

Functions of Skeletal System

Bone shapes1. Long bones2. Short bones3. Flat bones4. Irregular bones

General features of a Bone

Long bone anatomy 1. Diaphysis - the main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone2. Epiphysis - the rounded end of a long bone3. Articular cartilage4. Epiphyseal plate 5. Epiphyseal line6. Medullary cavity

a. Yellow marrowb. Red marrow

7. Periosteum8. Endosteum

Fractures

FIG. 6.11

FIG. 6.14

FIG. 6.15

FIG. 6.21

Appendicular skeleton1. Pectoral girdle

a. Scapulab. Clavicle

2. Upper limba. Arm - humerusb. Forearm-radius and ulnac. Wrist d. Hand

FIG. 6.32

A. Fibrous jointsB. Cartilaginous jointsC. Synovial joints 1. Types of synovial joints

a. Plane jointb. Saddle jointc. Hinge jointd. Pivot jointe. Ball-and-socket jointf. Ellipsoid joint

2. Types of movement

a. Flexion and extension

b. Abduction and adduction

c. Pronation and supination

d. Eversion and inversion

e. Rotation

f. Protraction and retraction

g. Elevation and depression

h. Excursion

i. Opposition and reposition

j. Circumduction

“I've missed more than 9000 shots in my career. I've lost almost 300

games. 26 times, i've been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. I've failed over and over

and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed”

Obstacles don't have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don't turn around and give up. Figure out how to

climb it, go through it, or work around it.