Chapter 6 - An Introduction to the Tourism Geography of Euro.ppt

8/11/2019 Chapter 6 - An Introduction to the Tourism Geography of Euro.ppt

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An Introduction to the Tourism

Geography of Europe


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Learning Objectives

1 Appreciate why Europe continues to dominate world tourism;

2 Understand the major patterns of tourism demand in Europe;

3 Be aware of the major physical and social features in Europe and their

implications for tourism;

4 Appreciate the role of the European Union and the Euro in tourismorganisation and development;

5 Recognise the major geographical influences on the distribution of

tourism resources in Europe;6 Recognise the role of improvements in transport infrastructure in

encouraging a freer movement of tourists throughout Europe.


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Introduction

A region of economic, cultural and social diversity Dominates tourism but market share falling

Dominates tourism because: Mature economies

Affluent population

World Class attraction

The Euro

Small countries in close proximity

Climatic variation

Mature tourism sector

Competent public sector


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The Physical Setting

The North European Plain

The Mountain ranges The Alps

The Pyrenees The Balkans

The Carpathians

The Caucasus

The Kjolen Mountains

The Mediterranean

The Baltic sea


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Cultural Features

A mosaic of languages, traditions and cultures

Lifestyle differences

Between North and South

Between West and East

Between Mountains and Plains Historic stages of development

Prehistoric

Greco Roman

Romanesque

Gothic

Renaissance/Baroque Industrial Revolution

Post-Industrial


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Tourism demand: Demographic

Trends

Decreasing propensity to marry

Increasing diversity of lifestyles and living arrangements

A trend to marrying later in life

A decline in fertility

An increase in the number of divorces

An increase in immigration


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Tourism demand

Changing flows away from north/south due to:

Consumers are tiring of the inclusive-tour format;

The Mediterranean is becoming increasingly polluted;

Traditional sun, sea and sandholidays are less popular, as people become more

aware of the risk of skin cancer;

Competing destinations for other forms of tourism have become increasingly

available;

New destinations are opening up in the east of Europe;

Long-haul destinations are growing in popularity;

The adoption of the Euro making what had been reasonably-priced destinations,

such as Spain more expensive.


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Tourism Demand Trends

Shorter tourism trips

Short break city and cultural tours

East-West travel and West-East travel

Growth of the young and the elderly travelling More trips within Europe

Trend to activity holidays

Greater use of air travel (budget airlines) Business tourism continues to be strong

Growth potential in the East and South

Capacity ceilings reached in the West


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Supply of Tourism: Transport

Influence of de-regulation

Growth of regional airports and airlines

Growth of budget airlines Negative impact of 9/11

Investment in high-speed rail

Easier pan-European road travel


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Tourism Supply Transport Trends

A more deregulated and liberal environment for transport and other tourism

sectors, although this has been set back by the need for the public sector to

support the airlines following 9/11;

Improved quality of existing provision of tourism supply in the former

countries of the Eastern Bloc; Diversification of products in established destinations, such as coastal

resorts;

Special interest, city-based, activity-centred developments growing at the

expense of traditional beach resorts;

Consumer and government support for sustainable tourism products anddestinations;

Cruising combined with special interest activities as a growth area; and

Expansion of business tourism facilities in the former Eastern Bloc.


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Tourism Supply

Attractions

High Quality

Cultural and Physical

Southern PleasurePeriphery

Mountains

Lowlands

Accommodation

Small businesses dominate

Organisation

ComplexVaries nationally

Role is to develop and promote

Trend to devolution


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Tourism Demand

Europeans will continue to take more, but shorter tourism trips

Short-break city and cultural tourism is growing rapidly;

Traditional north-south holidays are still a significant feature of European tourism,but east-west and west-east travel is growing rapidly;

Significant market segments for the growth of tourism will be those aged over 55

years, and those aged under 25 years of age; Intra-regional flows of tourism dominate Europes international tourism, but their

share is decreasing;

The market is moving increasingly towards holidays which involve active pursuits,and/or exposure to local society and culture;

Decreasing popularity of the car for leisure-based trips and an increase in the use of

air travel, encouraged by the growth of budget airlines; Demand for business tourism in Europe will continue to be strong despite the

growth of communication technologies; and

Capacity ceilings are being reached in some Western European countries, whereascountries in eastern and southern Europe have considerable growth potential.

Chapter 6 - An Introduction to the Tourism Geography of Euro.ppt

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