CHAPTER
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Transcript of CHAPTER
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1Copyright 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
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CHAPTER
Cats
8
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History of the Cat
• Descended from dog ancestor Miacis• General timeline
– First feline cat: ~35 million years ago– Modern cats: ~7 million years ago– Domestication: ~4,000 years ago
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History of Cats • When humans were predominantly hunters, dogs were
of great use, and thus were domesticated long before cats.
• Cats, on the other hand, only became useful to people when we began to settle down, till the earth and—crucially—store surplus crops. – With grain stores came mice.– Cats began to wander into towns.– The cats were delighted by the abundance of prey in
the storehouses; people were delighted by the pest control.
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History of Cat
• Cats today came from African Wild Cat
• Roughly 38 species of cats today
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General Cat Classifications
• Three genuses– Roaring cats (Panthera)– Nonroaring cats (Felis)– Cheetah (Acinonyx)
• Two major groups of domesticated cats– Shorthaired– Longhaired
• One miscellaneous domesticated group– Semi-longhaired and either shorthaired or longhaired
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Shorthaired Cat Breeds (A–J)
• Abyssinian• American Shorthair• American Wirehair• Bombay Breed• Burmese• British Shorthair• Chartreux
• Colorpoint• Cornish Rex• Devon Rex• Egyptian Mau• Exotic Shorthair• Havana Brown• Japanese Bobtail
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Shorthaired Cat Breeds (K–Z)
• Korat• Malayan• Manx• Ocicat• Oriental Shorthair• Russian Blue
• Scottish Fold• Siamese• Singapura• Snowshoe Breed• Sphynx• Tonkinese
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Longhaired Cat Breeds
• Balinese and Javanese• Birman• Cymric• Himalayan and Kashmir• Maine Coon
• Norwegian Forest Cat• Persian Breed• Ragdoll• Somali• Turkish Angora
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Miscellaneous Cat Breeds
• American Curl• Turkish Van• LaPerm• Selkirk Rex• Siberian
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Methods of Cat Feeding
• Dietary makeup– Cats need almost twice as much protein as dogs
(30 to 40 percent)– Fats should make up ~10 percent
• Food sources– Animals are best protein source– Commercial foods are best—No dog food
• Food amount– Driven by cat’s age, weight, breed, condition,
and activity level– Frequent feedings for kittens and pregnant females
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Methods of Cat Exercise and Training
• Amount of exercise varies according to cat’s breed and environment
• Toys and play equipment are sources of exercise
• Cats should be trained to litter box and scratching post as kittens
• Trick training is similar to that for dogs
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Methods of Cat Grooming and Care
• Grooming benefits all cats– Longhaired cats should have daily care– Hand grooming usually enough for shorthairs
• Cat baths should begin at 4 months• Other checks during regular grooming
– Ears for mites– Eyes for infection– Teeth and gums for soreness– Claws for trimming
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Infectious Cat Diseases
• Feline panleukopenia• Feline herpesvirus (FHV) and
feline calicivirus (FCV)• Feline rhinotracheitis (PVR)• Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)• Feline leukemia virus (FeLV)• Feline pneumonitis• Rabies
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Noninfectious Cat Diseases
• Feline urologic syndrome (FUS)• Wet eyes
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Internal Cat Parasites
• Toxoplasmosis• Ascarids and hookworms• Tapeworms
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External Cat Parasites
• Lice• Mites• Feline scabies• Other external parasites
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Cat Fungal Diseases and Poisonings
• Similar to those for dogs• Fungal diseases
– Ringworm– Systemic fungal infections
• Poisonings– Insecticides– Plants– Household chemicals– Herbicides– Medications– Metal poisonings– Antifreeze