Chapter 5 & 7

24
Chapter 5: Civil Rights A More Perfect Union 1/e

Transcript of Chapter 5 & 7

Page 1: Chapter 5 & 7

Chapter 5: Civil Rights

A More Perfect Union 1/e

Page 2: Chapter 5 & 7

Civil Rights

• The Quest for Equality Under the Law

– Inherent Characteristics

– Suspect Classifications

• Race

• Religion

• National Origin

• Sex

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2

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Civil Rights

• Slavery and Its Aftermath

– Slavery in the United States

• Opposition to Slavery

• The Civil War Era

– Reconstruction and the First Civil Rights Acts

– Backlash: Jim Crow Laws

– Governmental Acceptance of Discrimination

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3

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©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4

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Civil Rights

• The Civil Rights Movement

– Fighting Back: Early Civil Rights Organizations

– The End of Separate But Equal

– Rosa Parks’s Civil Disobedience on a Montgomery Bus

– Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Strategy of Civil Disobedience

• Nonviolent Civil Disobedience

• The Reaction to Civil Disobedience

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5

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Civil Rights

• The Government’s Response to the Civil Rights Movement

– The Civil Rights Act of 1964

– Other Civil Rights Legislation in the 1960s

– Impact of the Civil Rights Movement

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6

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©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 7

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Civil Rights

• The Movement for Women’s Civil Rights

– First Wave of the Women’s Rights Movement

• State-Level Rights

• The Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

– Second Wave of the Women’s Rights Movement

• Federal Legislation and Women’s Rights

• Women’s Rights and the Equal Protection Clause

• The Proposed Equal Rights Amendment

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8

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Civil Rights

• Other Civil Rights Movements

– Native Americans’ Rights

– Citizens of Latin American Descent

• Early Struggles of Mexican Americans

• The Chicano Movement

• Employment Discrimination and Other Civil Rights Issues

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9

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Civil Rights

• Other Civil Rights Movements

– Citizens of Asian Descent

• Internment of Japanese Americans During WWII

• Contemporary Issues for Asian Americans

– Citizens with Disabilities

– Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered Citizens (LGBT)

• The Gay Pride Movement

• Backlash Against the Movement for LGBT Civil Rights

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10

(continued)

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Civil Rights

• Affirmative Action: Is It Constitutional?

– How Affirmative Action Works

– Opposition to Affirmative Action

©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 11

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Chapter SevenChapter Seven

Employment, Education, & Employment, Education, &

Social ServicesSocial Services

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--11 California UnemploymentCalifornia Unemployment

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--22 Work & PayWork & PayWages by Occupation in California, 2005Wages by Occupation in California, 2005

2.0%$19.18$10.31Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, & Media

3.4%$19.23$11.68Installation, Maintenance, & Repair

5.1%$19.96$11.94Construction & Extraction

1.3%$18.92$11.97Community & Social Services

6.2%$22.17$12.27Education, Training, & Library

1.0%$28.22$16.92Life, Physical, & Social Science

4.3%$27.13$17.71Business & Financial Operations

4.1%$30.08$17.79Healthcare Practitioners & Technical

0.7%$38.60$20.20Legal

2.6%$35.31$21.59Computer & Mathematical

2.2%$34.18$21.71Architecture & Engineering

5.2%$43.28$23.99Management

Over $10/hour (38% of all workers)

$15.91$8.88State Average

Percentageof

Employment

50th

Percentile(Median)HourlyWage

Entry-LevelHourlyWage

Occupational Category

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--22 Work & PayWork & PayWages by Occupation in California, 2005Wages by Occupation in California, 2005

7.9%$8.36$7.68Food Preparation and Serving-Related

1.2%$8.19$7.71Farming, Fishing, & Forestry

2.2%$9.55$7.72Personal Care & Service

3.3%$10.19$7.81Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance

7.1%$11.57$8.02Transportation & Material Moving

6.8%$11.49$8.16Production

10.4%$12.18$8.18Sales and Related

2.1%$12.02$8.99Healthcare Support

2.4%$17.79$9.08Protective Service

18.3%$14.72$9.78Office & Administrative Support

Under $10/hour (62% of all workers)

$15.91$8.88State Average

Percentageof

Employment

50th

Percentile(Median)HourlyWage

Entry-LevelHourlyWage

Occupational Category

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--33 Family BudgetsFamily Budgets

60% of single taxpayers

$25,867$12.44 Basic budget for a single adult

87% of head-of-household taxpayers

$53,987$25.96 Basic family budget for a one-adult,

two-child family (2005)

39% of joint-return

taxpayers$44,130$21.22

Basic family budget for a two-adult, two-child family with one adult working (2005)

56% of joint-return

taxpayers $63,921$15.37

Basic family budget for a two-working-adult, two-child family (2005)

Estimated% below

Annualincome

Hourlywage

Family

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--33

Family Budgets, Wages, & Poverty LevelsFamily Budgets, Wages, & Poverty Levels

32% of joint-return taxpayers

$38,314$18.42 Low income: 2 × federal poverty level for

a two-adult, two-child family (2004)

12% of joint-return taxpayers

$19,157$9.21 Federal poverty level for a two-adult, two-child family (2004)

61% of head-of-household taxpayers

$30,438$14.64 Low income: 2 × federal poverty level for

a one-adult, two-child family (2004)

26% of head-of-household taxpayers

$15,219$7.32 Federal poverty level for a one-adult, two-child family (2004)

9% of all taxable returns

$14,040$6.75 California minimum wage (2005)

50% of joint-return taxpayers

$58,327California median family income (2004)

50% of employees$31,325$15.06 California median hourly wage (2004) d

Estimated percentbelow

Annualincome

Hourlywage

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--44 Poverty in California Poverty in California

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--55 Least Affordable Metropolitan Least Affordable Metropolitan

Areas Areas

25059.641.3National

50056.21.9Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA

60878.32.5Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, CA

58065.83.2Santa Barbara-Santa Maria, CA

38054.43.9Modesto, CA

60062.25.0Salinas, CA

49164.95.2San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA

36546.45.5Merced, CA

60075.05.8Napa, CA

67275.15.9Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA

47259.26.1New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ

47591.06.1Nassau-Suffolk, NY

43057.16.5Stockton, CA

53363.87.8San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA

74591.27.8San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City, CA

40065.47.9Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA

30848.08.1Madera, CA

38557.58.4Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA

29747.09.2Fresno, CA

55583.89.4Oakland-Fremont-Hayward, CA

53275.110.7Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA

Q1 2006MedianSalesPrice(000s)

MedianFamilyIncome(000s)

PercentHomes

Affordablefor

MedianIncome

Metropolitan Area

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--66 Fair Market Rents in CaliforniaFair Market Rents in California

$18.15 $16.96 $11.65 $9.48 $8.40 $944 $882 $606 $493 $437 Yuba City

$26.19 $24.63 $16.90 $13.83 $13.06 $1,362 $1,281 $879 $719 $679 Yolo

$17.65 $17.19 $12.02 $10.35 $9.25 $918 $894 $625 $538 $481 Visalia-Porterville

$32.65 $26.50 $18.90 $16.48 $15.31 $1,698 $1,378 $983 $857 $796 Vallejo-Fairfield

$28.13 $22.35 $16.27 $13.19 $11.58 $1,463 $1,162 $846 $686 $602 Stockton

$36.73 $31.40 $22.13 $17.54 $14.40 $1,910 $1,633 $1,151 $912 $749 Santa Rosa-Petaluma

$38.31 $37.17 $25.83 $19.81 $16.79 $1,992 $1,933 $1,343 $1,030 $873 Santa Cruz-Watsonville

$29.98 $26.27 $19.94 $17.77 $15.92 $1,559 $1,366 $1,037 $924 $828 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta

$26.62 $25.87 $17.75 $14.58 $12.33 $1,384 $1,345 $923 $758 $641 San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles

$39.44 $35.96 $25.04 $21.21 $18.06 $2,051 $1,870 $1,302 $1,103 $939 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

$41.67 $39.44 $29.54 $23.60 $19.19 $2,167 $2,051 $1,536 $1,227 $998 San Francisco

$39.15 $32.46 $22.27 $18.35 $16.08 $2,036 $1,688 $1,158 $954 $836 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos

$29.85 $24.12 $17.02 $15.31 $11.31 $1,552 $1,254 $885 $796 $588 San Benito County

$30.42 $29.04 $20.56 $17.90 $15.90 $1,582 $1,510 $1,069 $931 $827 Salinas

$32.92 $28.25 $19.38 $16.27 $14.27 $1,712 $1,469 $1,008 $846 $742 Sacramento--Roseville

$29.08 $24.88 $17.52 $15.02 $13.75 $1,512 $1,294 $911 $781 $715 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

$22.21 $18.44 $12.63 $10.38 $8.92 $1,155 $959 $657 $540 $464 Redding

$47.17 $40.90 $28.12 $22.23 $20.04 $2,453 $2,127 $1,462 $1,156 $1,042 Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

$44.00 $38.31 $26.77 $22.33 $19.88 $2,288 $1,992 $1,392 $1,161 $1,034 Orange County

$44.00 $35.87 $25.75 $21.73 $18.13 $2,288 $1,865 $1,339 $1,130 $943 Oakland-Fremont

$33.17 $29.21 $21.12 $16.25 $14.50 $1,725 $1,519 $1,098 $845 $754 Napa

$23.38 $20.25 $14.12 $11.98 $10.85 $1,216 $1,053 $734 $623 $564 Modesto

$20.33 $17.42 $12.21 $10.06 $8.81 $1,057 $906 $635 $523 $458 Merced

$19.13 $18.56 $12.77 $10.02 $9.54 $995 $965 $664 $521 $496 Madera

$36.94 $30.71 $22.87 $18.31 $15.17 $1,921 $1,597 $1,189 $952 $789 Los Angeles-Long Beach

$20.67 $17.15 $11.77 $10.13 $9.52 $1,075 $892 $612 $527 $495 Hanford-Corcoran

$21.15 $19.63 $13.50 $11.44 $10.38 $1,100 $1,021 $702 $595 $540 Fresno

$22.15 $17.38 $12.63 $10.25 $9.06 $1,152 $904 $657 $533 $471 El Centro

$21.94 $18.38 $13.04 $10.81 $9.10 $1,141 $956 $678 $562 $473 Chico

$20.79 $17.35 $12.00 $10.08 $9.33 $1,081 $902 $624 $524 $485 Bakersfield

$35.85 $30.72 $22.09$18.11 $15.48 $1,864 $1,598 $1,149 $942 $805 California

FourThreeTwoOneZeroFourThreeTwoOneZero

Hourly Wage (at 40 hours per week) Needed to Afford FMR

Fair Market Rents (FMR) by Number of BedroomsMetropolitan Area

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--77 NationNation’’s Report Card: s Report Card:

Comparing California Comparing California

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--77 NationNation’’s Report Card: s Report Card:

Comparing California Comparing California

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--77 NationNation’’s Report Card: s Report Card:

Comparing California Comparing California

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Exhibit 7Exhibit 7--88 Students enrolled per teacher Students enrolled per teacher

and average teacher salary in and average teacher salary in

public Kpublic K--12 schools12 schools