Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is...

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1 Chapter 4.3 Multiplication Rules and Conditional Probability

Transcript of Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is...

Page 1: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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Chapter 4.3Multiplication Rules 

and Conditional Probability

Page 2: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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Define the following in your notes:  independent events, dependent events, conditional probability

Page 3: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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Multiplication Rules­finds prob. of 2+ events occuring in sequence

ex:  Tossing a coin AND rolling die at same time

Mult. Rule #1­When 2 events are independent, the prob. of both occuring is:

P(A and B) = P(A)  P(B)

Page 4: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  A coin is flipped and die is rolled.  Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die.

ex:  A card is drawn from deck, replaced, then a 2nd card drawn.  Find the prob. of getting a queen then a black card.

ex:  A jar with M&M's has 3 red, 2 blue and 5 brown.  One is selected, recorded, then replaced.  Then a 2nd is selected.  Find the prob:

a.)  2 blue's.

b.)  1 blue then 1 brown.

c.)  1 red then 1 blue.

Page 5: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  A poll found 46% of Americans are greatly stressed once a week.  If 3 people selected randomly, find prob. that all 3 are greatly stressed once a week.

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Dependent Eventsex:  Drawing a card, not replacing, then drawing another­use same mult. rule (but make sure 2nd prob. is modified)

ex:  If a card is drawn from a deck, not replaced, and then a 2nd card drawn, find prob. that an ace is drawn 1st, then a king.

Page 7: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  State Farm found that 53% of residents had home insurance and of these, 27% also had auto.  If a resident is selected at random, find prob.  that he/she will have both home and auto insurance with State Farm.

Page 8: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  3 cards are drawn from deck and not replaced.  Find prob. of getting:

a.)  3 jacks.

b.)  an ace, king and queen in order.

c.)  a club, spade and heart in order.

d.)  getting 3 clubs.

Page 9: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  Box 1 has 2 red and 1 blue chips.   Box 2 has 3 blue and 1 red chips.  Toss a coin.  If heads, select a chip from box 1.  If tails, select a chip from box 2.  Find prob. of selecting a red chip.

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ASSIGNMENTp. 228 #1­6, 10

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P(A and B)P(A)

ex:  A box has black and white chips.  A person selects 2 w/o replacement.  If prob. of selecting B & W is    and prob. of select a B on 1st draw is     , find prob. ofselecting W on 2nd draw if 1st chip was B.

1556

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Conditional Probability   P(B|A) "probability of B given A"­event B occurs after event A

P(B|A) = _________

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ex:  In Y­town, the prob. of parking in a no parking zone and getting a ticket is 0.06, while prob. parking in no parking zone is 0.20.  If you park in a no parking zone, find prob. of getting a ticket.

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ex:  A survey asked 100 people if women in Army should be in combat.  

Gender Yes No TotalMale  32 18    50Female    8  42     50

Total  40 60   100

Find the prob.:a.)  Person answered yes, given the person was female.

b.)  Person was male, given that the person answered no.

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"At Least" Examples

ex:  Draw 4 cards from a deck with replacement.  Find prob. of drawing at least 1 ace.

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ex:  Coin is tossed 5 times.  Find prob. of getting at least 1 tail.

Page 16: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ex:  Suppose 3% of ties sold in America are bow ties.  If 4 random customers purchase ties, find prob. at least 1 bought a bow tie. 

Page 17: Chapter 4.3 and Conditional Probability · 2020. 12. 23. · ex: A coin is flipped and die is rolled. Find prob. of tails on coin and a 4 on die. ex: A card is drawn from deck, replaced,

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ASSIGNMENTp. 229 #11, 12, 18­20, 23, 25­27, 

32 (a&b), 34, 35