Chapter 4.1

Periodic Table

Metals vs. Non-metals

Metals

-left of the staircase

-good conductors of heat/electricity

-ductile and malleable

-shiny and usually silver coloured

-all solid except mercury (liquid)

Metals vs. Non-metals

Non-metals-right of the staircase-poor conductors of heat/electricity, solids, some are gases and one (bromine) is a liquid

Metalloids-touch the staircase except Aluminum (metal)-properties are a mix of metal and non-metal properties

Metals/Nonmetals and Metalloids

Shade these categories on your periodic table

Organization

Period- horizontal rows on the periodic table- the period number tells you how many rings of electrons should be drawn on a Bohr diagram

Group- also called a family- vertical rows on the periodic table- elements in a group all have similar physical and chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons

Chemical Families

Alkali Metals-column 1: soft, silver-grey metals-react easily with water and oxygen in air-one valence electron** doesn’t include hydrogen

Alkaline Earth Metals-column 2: silver-grey metals -harder and less reactive than column 1 metals-2 valence electrons

Chemical Families

Halogens-column 17: coloured non-metals-very reactive-7 valence electrons

Noble Gases-column 18: colourless, odourless gases-very unreactive/inert (doesn’t combine easily with other atoms)

Periodic table families

Shade these categories on your periodic table, write the names of the families and the pattern of valence electrons

Pattern for the Number of Valence electrons

Information on the Periodic Table

The name, atomic number, atomic mass, state of matter at room temperature,element symbol and ion charge is usually given for each element

Atomic number-the number of protons in an atom. It gives the

element its identity since this number is UNIQUE for each element!

Atomic mass – protons + neutrons

Homework

p. 148 #1-5

p. 149 #1-3

p. 150 #1-3

****QUIZ on SECTION 4.1 Material (everything up to today) on MONDAY!