Chapter 4Chapter 4Section 1Section 1

The Early GreeksThe Early Greeks

PeoplePeople

Agamemnon-Agamemnon-

Mycenaean king who won the Trojan WarMycenaean king who won the Trojan War

Dorians-Dorians-

Greek-speaking people who lived in the Greek-speaking people who lived in the northern mountains of Greece; brought northern mountains of Greece; brought iron weapons with themiron weapons with them

PlacesPlaces

Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea

largest sea located between the continents largest sea located between the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, it served as a of Africa, Europe, and Asia, it served as a trade route for the Greekstrade route for the Greeks

Crete Crete

Minoan civilization was located here, on this Minoan civilization was located here, on this island southeast of the Greek mainlandisland southeast of the Greek mainland

PlacesPlaces

MycenaeMycenae

ancient city in Greece, home of one of the ancient city in Greece, home of one of the first civilizations of Greecefirst civilizations of Greece

PeloponnesusPeloponnesus

southern peninsula of Greece; Sparta is southern peninsula of Greece; Sparta is located on this peninsulalocated on this peninsula

DefineDefinePeninsulaPeninsula

body of land that is surrounded by water on body of land that is surrounded by water on three sidesthree sides

ColonyColony

a settlement in a new territory that keeps close a settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties to its homelandties to its homeland

PolisPolis

Greek city-state, or the town and the Greek city-state, or the town and the surrounding countrysidesurrounding countryside

DefineDefineAgoraAgora

open area or marketplaceopen area or marketplace

CitizenCitizen

members of a political community who treat members of a political community who treat each other as equals and who have rights and each other as equals and who have rights and responsibilitiesresponsibilities

HopliteHoplite

ordinary citizens who served as soldiersordinary citizens who served as soldiers

DefineDefine

acropolisacropolis

fortified area, usually at the top of a hill fortified area, usually at the top of a hill that provided a safe refuge in case of that provided a safe refuge in case of attacksattacks

How did the geography How did the geography discourage Greek unity?discourage Greek unity?

Mountains and seas divided them from one Mountains and seas divided them from one another.another.

What were some explanations What were some explanations about the fall of the Minoans.about the fall of the Minoans.

Undersea earthquakes caused giant Undersea earthquakes caused giant waves that washed the civilization awaywaves that washed the civilization away

The cities were destroyed by the The cities were destroyed by the MycenaeansMycenaeans

What was the Dark Age? What What was the Dark Age? What changes took place in Greece changes took place in Greece

during this time?during this time? The years between 1100 and 750 BCE, The years between 1100 and 750 BCE,

after the Mycenaean civilization collapsed. after the Mycenaean civilization collapsed. People forgot how to read and write and People forgot how to read and write and the population shifted and moved to the population shifted and moved to different areas. different areas.

How did new colonies affect How did new colonies affect industry in Greece?industry in Greece?

The growth of colonies allowed for more The growth of colonies allowed for more trade, leading to more specialization. (I.e., trade, leading to more specialization. (I.e., areas w/ large amounts of clay specialized areas w/ large amounts of clay specialized in pottery.)in pottery.)

List the requirements needed to List the requirements needed to be a citizen of Greecebe a citizen of Greece

FreeFree Native-bornNative-born MaleMale (land-owning in some city-states)(land-owning in some city-states)

How did citizenship make the How did citizenship make the Greeks different from other Greeks different from other

ancient peoples?ancient peoples?Other peoples had no rights, no Other peoples had no rights, no

say in government, and no choice say in government, and no choice but to obey their rulers.but to obey their rulers.

Why did the use of money help Why did the use of money help trade to grow?trade to grow?

Rather than needing other goods in order Rather than needing other goods in order to trade, you only needed currency, which to trade, you only needed currency, which was more portable than carrying other was more portable than carrying other goods. goods.