Chapter 4 Notes The Structure Of Matter. Chapter 4.1 Notes Chemical Bond is the attractive force...
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Transcript of Chapter 4 Notes The Structure Of Matter. Chapter 4.1 Notes Chemical Bond is the attractive force...
Chapter 4 Notes
The Structure Of Matter
Chapter 4.1 Notes
Chemical Bond is the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
Chemical structure: the arrangement of bonded atoms or ions within a substance
Compound- 2 or more elements chemically bonded together…NaCl, H2O, C6H12O6
Solids have higher melting points because they have higher bond energy. Lots of Bonds..
Gases have lower melting points because they have lower bond energy.
Liquids would be in-between.
Chapter 4.2 Notes
• Ionic bond: a bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions (metal + nonmetal)
• Metallic bond: a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them (metals)
• Covalent bond: bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons (2 nonmetals)
• Polyatomic ion: an ion made of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that act like a single ion
Chapter 4.3 Notes
Naming Ionic Compounds• Metal + nonmetal = ionic1.Write the name of the 1st element2.Write the name of the 2nd element3.Change the ending to –ide
• NaCl = Sodium Chloride• MgCl2 = Magnesium Chloride
Naming Covalent Compounds
Covalent compounds= 2 nonmetals1.Write the name of the 1st element2.Write the name of the 2nd element3.Change the ending to –ide4.Put in prefixes pg. 126Only use prefixes on the 1st element if it is more
than 1
NO2= Nitrogen Dioxide
N2O3
Writing Formulas1. Write the symbols of each element2. Put their charge in their upper right corner3. Crisscross the numbers down (Not the charges).
Example:Write the formula for Magnesium Chloride
Mg Cl
Mg+2 Cl-1
Mg+2 Cl-1
MgCl2
+1
+2 +3+/- 4 -3 -2
-1
Chapter 4.4 Notes
• Organic compound: any covalently bonded compound that contains carbon
• Polymer: a large organic molecule made of many smaller bonded units
• Biochemical compound: any organic compound that has an important role in living things
Work Cited• “Ball-n-stick molecule”. Jan. 24, 2008.
http://www.innovation.gov.au/assets/images/nicinternet/molecules.jpg
• “Lattice Structure”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/a/ae/180px-Lithium-hydride-3D-vdW.png
• “Gas molecules”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://www.phy.cuhk.edu.hk/contextual/heat/tep/trans/kinetic_theory.gif
• “Liquid Molecules”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://www.physchem.co.za/Heat/Graphics/Heat16.gif
• “Periodic Table of Elements”. Chart. Aug. 9, 2006. http://users.erols.com/kdennis/periodictable.jpg