Chapter 4

Section 1, pgs. 80-85

I. MUSLIM ARMIES CONQUER MANY LANDS, P. 80

A. Muhammad chose Abu Bakr to be the next leader of Islam (The first successor)

1. he was Muhammad’s first convert

2. he was a caliph: highest leader

B. Caliph: Abu Bakr 1. political, military leader; not a religious leader

2. he led many battles that helped unify Arabia for the first time (Muslim state)

3. his army conquered Persia and the Byzantine Empires

Abu Bakr conquered many lands outside of Arabia

Islam began in Saudi Arabia with Muhammad

B. Abu Bakr II. A. trade, the Arabic language helped spread Islam and unify the Muslim world. 4. Muslims made a pact with non- Muslims they controlled

III. A MIX OF CULTURES A. B. They allowed other religions to exist, but only if the non- Muslims followed a pact of rules called treaties (Christians, Jews, and others)

6. Treaties: non-Muslims could not build churches, or dress like Muslims; Muslims could not attack them

I. MUSLIM ARMIES CONQUER…

C. The next several caliphs came

from the Umayyad family

1. they moved the capital from

Medina to Damascus and

expanded the empire into

Central Asia

Growth of an Empire, pg. 82C. Umayyads- A FAMILY FROM WHICH MANY

EARLY LEADERS CAME FROM

2. During the late 600’s, the Berbers were natives from Northern Africa who fought with the Muslims and slowed the Muslims down from expanding into Northern Africa. Finally, they converted to Islam

3. Arabs and Berbers joined forces to invade Spain and France in 711 A.D.

4. Muslims in Spain were called Moors ruled Spain for 700 years

I. D.The Battle of Tours

The Berber Muslims tried to invade Tours (city) in France, but were stopped by a Christian army

Growth of an Empire, pg. 82

C. Umayyads

5. The Abbasids in 750 came to power

6. they reorganized the government to

make it easier to rule

Muslims ruled Spain for over 700 Years

II. TradeII. Trade Helps Islam Spread

A. Arab merchants took Islamic beliefs and practices to new lands

1. The brought back new products and products and new ideas

2. many coastal communities along trade routes are Muslim

3. Chinese (paper), India (cloth) and iron (SE Asia and Europe).

4. Muslims conquered parts of China, India, SE Asia and Europe

ToleranceIII. A Mix of Cultures A. Muslims practiced tolerance- they accepted others (non-Muslims) B. Jews and Christians- treaties

C. Muslims spoke Arabic, most of the people the time were Arabs, from Saudi Arabia (the Arabian Peninsula)

Baghdad

IV. THE GROWTH OF CITIES

Cordoba:USE TO BE THE MUSLIM capitol city of Spain

Homework

1. Create a storyboard

2. Take a plain sheet of white computer paper

3. Fold it into 4 squares

Square #1: Abu Bakr, pg. 80

He was the first caliph elected by Muhammad because he was Muhammad’s first converts. He was the highest political and military leader

Square #2: Trade helped spread Islam, pg. 82

Arabic was the most common language spoken

Ships and camel caravans helped to spread the religion

Square #3: Baghdad, Iraq, pg. 84-85

Universities museums

Artists/art work scientists

Square #4: Cordoba, Spain, pg. 84-85

Cultural center

Square #4:Cordoba, Spainpg. 84-85

Artists/art work scientists