Chapter 37 The Eisenhower Era, 1952–1960. 37 | 2 Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights...

Chapter 37The Eisenhower Era,

1952–1960

37 | 2Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Question

All of the following are true of The Feminine Mystique EXCEPT

a) Feminist Betty Friedan gave focus and fuel to women’s feelings in 1963 when she published it.

b) it was a runaway best seller and a classic of feminist protest literature that launched the modern women’s movement.

c) Friedan spoke to millions of able, educated women who applauded her indictment of the stifling boredom of suburban housewifery.

d) few women worked for wages, but they struggled with the guilt of leading the “unfeminine” life defined by the postwar “cult of domesticity.”


Answer

All of the following are true of The Feminine Mystique EXCEPT

a) Feminist Betty Friedan gave focus and fuel to women’s feelings in 1963 when she published it.

b) it was a runaway best seller and a classic of feminist protest literature that launched the modern women’s movement.

c) Friedan spoke to millions of able, educated women who applauded her indictment of the stifling boredom of suburban housewifery.

d) few women worked for wages, but they struggled with the guilt of leading the “unfeminine” life defined by the postwar “cult of domesticity.” (correct)

Hint: See pages 945–946.


Question

All of the following were true of the Checkers Speech EXCEPT

a) Nixon faltered late in the campaign of 1952 amid accusations that he had accepted illegal donations.

b) Nixon denied the charges and declared that the only campaign gift he had ever received was the family cocker spaniel, Checkers.

c) the shameless “Checkers Speech” did not save Nixon’s spot on the ticket, but it did spotlight a fundamental change in American politics.

d) television was now a political tool that allowed candidates to bypass traditional party machinery and speak directly to voters.


Answer

All of the following were true of the Checkers Speech EXCEPT

a) Nixon faltered late in the campaign of 1952 amid accusations that he had accepted illegal donations.

b) Nixon denied the charges and declared that the only campaign gift he had ever received was the family cocker spaniel, Checkers.

c) the shameless Checkers Speech did not save Nixon’s spot on the ticket, but it did spotlight a fundamental change in American politics. (correct)

d) television was now a political tool that allowed candidates to bypass traditional party machinery and speak directly to voters.

Hint: See page 948.


Question

All of the following were true of Sputnik EXCEPT

a) Soviet scientists astounded the world on October 4, 1957, by lofting into orbit around the globe a beep-beeping “baby moon.”

b) this amazing breakthrough rattled American self-confidence.

c) it cast doubts on the Soviet Union’s vaunted scientific superiority and raised some sobering military questions.

d) if the Soviets could fire heavy objects into outer space, they certainly could reach America with intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).


Answer

All of the following were true of Sputnik EXCEPT

a) Soviet scientists astounded the world on October 4, 1957, by lofting into orbit around the globe a beep-beeping “baby moon.”

b) this amazing breakthrough rattled American self-confidence.

c) it cast doubts on the Soviet Union’s vaunted scientific superiority and raised some sobering military questions. (correct)

d) if the Soviets could fire heavy objects into outer space, they certainly could reach America with intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).

Hint: See page 962.


Question

All of the following were true of Senator Joseph McCarthy EXCEPT

a) he was elected to the Senate on the basis of a trumped-up war-hero record.

b) he accused Secretary of State Dean Acheson of knowingly employing 205 Communist party members.

c) pressed to reveal the names, McCarthy later conceded that there were only 57 genuine communists, but eventually rooted out every single one.

d) McCarthy’s Republican colleagues realized the partisan usefulness of this kind of attack on the Democratic administration.


Answer

All of the following were true of Senator Joseph McCarthy EXCEPT

a) he was elected to the Senate on the basis of a trumped-up war-hero record.

b) he accused Secretary of State Dean Acheson of knowingly employing 205 Communist party members.

c) pressed to reveal the names, McCarthy later conceded that there were only 57 genuine communists, but eventually rooted out every single one. (correct)

d) McCarthy’s Republican colleagues realized the partisan usefulness of this kind of attack on the Democratic administration.

Hint: See page 950.


Question

All of the following were true of the Montgomery Bus Boycott EXCEPT

a) Rosa Parks boarded a bus, took a seat in the “whites only” section, and refused to give it up.

b) Parks’s arrest for violating the city’s Jim Crow statutes sparked a black boycott of the city buses.

c) the failure of the boycott served notice throughout the South that blacks would be forced to submit meekly to the absurdities and indignities of segregation.

d) it catapulted to prominence a young pastor at Montgomery’s Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.


Answer

All of the following were true of the Montgomery Bus Boycott EXCEPT

a) Rosa Parks boarded a bus, took a seat in the “whites only” section, and refused to give it up.

b) Parks’s arrest for violating the city’s Jim Crow statutes sparked a black boycott of the city buses.

c) the failure of the boycott served notice throughout the South that blacks would be forced to submit meekly to the absurdities and indignities of segregation. (correct)

d) it catapulted to prominence a young pastor at Montgomery’s Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.



Question

All of the following were true of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision EXCEPT

a) justices ruled that segregation in the public schools was “inherently unequal” and thus unconstitutional.

b) the uncompromising sweep of the decision startled conservatives like an exploding time bomb, for it reversed the Court’s earlier declaration of 1896 in Plessy v. Ferguson.

c) desegregation, the justices insisted, must go ahead only when the “hearts and minds” of southerners were ready to accept it.

d) the Border States made reasonable efforts to comply with this ruling, the Deep South diehards organized “massive resistance.”


Answer

All of the following were true of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision EXCEPT

a) justices ruled that segregation in the public schools was “inherently unequal” and thus unconstitutional.

b) the uncompromising sweep of the decision startled conservatives like an exploding time bomb, for it reversed the Court’s earlier declaration of 1896 in Plessy v. Ferguson.

c) desegregation, the justices insisted, must go ahead only when the “hearts and minds” of southerners were ready to accept it. (correct)

d) the Border States made reasonable efforts to comply with this ruling, the Deep South diehards organized “massive resistance.”

Hint: See page 953.


Question

All of the following are true of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee EXCEPT

a) it embraced the sit-in movement which rolled across the South, and eschewed wade-ins, lie-ins, and pray-ins.

b) young and impassioned, SNCC members eventually subsumed the older, more stately civil rights organizations.

c) it aimed to compel equal treatment in restaurants, transportation, employment, housing, and voter registration.

d) it eschewed the tactics of the SCLC and the even more deliberate legalisms of the NAACP.


Answer

All of the following are true of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee EXCEPT

a) it embraced the sit-in movement which rolled across the South, and eschewed wade-ins, lie-ins, and pray-ins.

b) young and impassioned, SNCC members eventually subsumed the older, more stately civil rights organizations. (correct)

c) it aimed to compel equal treatment in restaurants, transportation, employment, housing, and voter registration.

d) it eschewed the tactics of the SCLC and the even more deliberate legalisms of the NAACP.

Hint: See page 957.


Question

All of the following were true of the Federal Highway Act of 1956 EXCEPT

a) it was dwarfed by every public works project that the New Dealers had enacted.

b) it was a $27 billion plan to build forty-two thousand miles of sleek, fast motorways.

c) Ike believed that such roads were essential to national defense, allowing U.S. troops to mobilize anywhere in the country in the event of a Soviet invasion.

d) laying down these modern, multilane roads created countless construction jobs and speeded the suburbanization of America.


Answer

All of the following were true of the Federal Highway Act of 1956 EXCEPT

a) it was dwarfed by every public works project that the New Dealers had enacted. (correct)

b) it was a $27 billion plan to build forty-two thousand miles of sleek, fast motorways.

c) Ike believed that such roads were essential to national defense, allowing U.S. troops to mobilize anywhere in the country in the event of a Soviet invasion.

d) laying down these modern, multilane roads created countless construction jobs and speeded the suburbanization of America.

Hint: See page 958.


Question

All of the following were true of the Hungarian Uprising EXCEPT

a) the Hungarians felt badly betrayed when the United States turned a deaf ear to their desperate appeals for aid against their Soviet masters.

b) it revealed the sobering truth that America’s mighty nuclear sledgehammer was too heavy a weapon to wield in such a relatively minor crisis.

c) the flexibility of the “massive retaliation” doctrine was clearly upheld.

d) to his dismay, Eisenhower also discovered that the aerial and atomic hardware necessary for “massive retaliation” was staggeringly expensive.


Answer

All of the following were true of the Hungarian Uprising EXCEPT

a) the Hungarians felt badly betrayed when the United States turned a deaf ear to their desperate appeals for aid against their Soviet masters.

b) it revealed the sobering truth that America’s mighty nuclear sledgehammer was too heavy a weapon to wield in such a relatively minor crisis.

c) the flexibility of the “massive retaliation” doctrine was clearly upheld. (correct)

d) to his dismay, Eisenhower also discovered that the aerial and atomic hardware necessary for “massive retaliation” was staggeringly expensive.

Hint: See page 959.


Question

All of the following were true of the Suez Crisis EXCEPT

a) President Nasser of Egypt sought funds to build an immense dam on the upper Nile from the USSR, who withdrew its help when Nasser sought American and British aid.

b) Nasser promptly regained face by nationalizing the Suez Canal, owned chiefly by British and French stockholders.

c) the French and British coordinating an attack with one from Israel, staged a joint assault on Egypt in October 1956.

d) President Eisenhower refused to release emergency supplies.


Answer

All of the following were true of the Suez Crisis EXCEPT

a) President Nasser of Egypt sought funds to build an immense dam on the upper Nile from the USSR, who withdrew its help when Nasser sought American and British aid. (correct)

b) Nasser promptly regained face by nationalizing the Suez Canal, owned chiefly by British and French stockholders.

c) the French and British coordinating an attack with one from Israel, staged a joint assault on Egypt in October 1956.

d) President Eisenhower refused to release emergency supplies.


Chapter 37 The Eisenhower Era, 1952–1960. 37 | 2 Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights...

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